CN103766244A - Turbot cultivation method - Google Patents
Turbot cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103766244A CN103766244A CN201210395670.9A CN201210395670A CN103766244A CN 103766244 A CN103766244 A CN 103766244A CN 201210395670 A CN201210395670 A CN 201210395670A CN 103766244 A CN103766244 A CN 103766244A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a turbot cultivation method. The turbot cultivation method comprises the steps of making preparations prior to fry release, sequentially drying a culture pond and clearing dredging, loosening the pond bottom, performing weathering and exposure for 10-15 days, releasing water of 30-50cm high, and utilizing bleaching powder to perform disinfection treatment; selecting fries, selecting the fries which are 7-10cm long, and utilizing disinfect medicines to perform medicated bath; enabling the cultivation density to be 600-800 per 0.16 acre in pond cultivation; performing adult fish cultivation, feeding feed three times per day, enabling the content of protein in the feed to be 48-58%, enabling the fat content to be 8-12%, and enabling the energy and protein ratio to be 66-76%; enabling the content of available chlorine in cultivation pond water to be 15ppm-20ppm, enabling sulfide to be smaller than or equal to 0.02mg/L, enabling the total escherichia coli number to be smaller than 5000/L, enabling the salinity to be 25-35, and enabling the COD content to be 3mg/L. The turbot survival rate can be improved through the turbot cultivation method, and the whole cultivation method is simple and easy to master, takes effect quickly and is suitable for large-area cultivation popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of fish, relate in particular to the cultural method of a kind of how precious fish, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Many precious fishes claim again southern flounder, Atlantic Ocean Paralichthys lethostigma, U.S.'s Paralichthys lethostigma, be subordinate to Osteichthyes, Pleuronectiformes, flounder suborder, Bothidae, lefteye flounder subfamily, Paralichthys, belong to deep-sea benthic fishes, it is individual maximum one in the numerous left-eyed flounders in America, natural distribution is in U.S. Bei Kalailuonazhou to downstate bay, Florida, and Southern Texas straits bank also has distribution.Many precious fishes belong to eurysaline fishes, conventionally can in seawater and fresh water, survive.In natural marine site, adult fish maximum can grow to 75 centimetres, and raun growth rate is faster than milter, and when two ages, fish reached sexual maturity, milter length can reach 20 centimetres～25.5 centimetres, and raun can reach 30 centimetres～35.6 centimetres.Abundant colloid is contained under many precious fish-skins and fin limit, in body, scarifies without ossiculum, and visceral mass is little, dressing percentage is high, and muscle is abundant delicate, and colloid albumen content is high, and delicious flavour is nutritious, has the effect of good skin care and beauty treatment, and can kidney-tonifying and brain tonic.Supporing yangly refresh oneself; Often edible can healthcare, improve people's resistance against diseases.
Therefore, how precious fishing gear has the features such as growth is fast, product are of fine quality, wide adaptability, high-output stress-resistance, and meat exquisiteness, nutritious, and edibility is high, is the good cultured fishes of generally acknowledging.
At present, how precious fish, along with the continuous increase of domestic market demand and the continuous minimizing of natural resources, can not be satisfied the demand at the fishery output in natural marine site, urgently how precious fish is propagated artificially.But, in the breeding process of how precious fish, due to the nature environment to how precious fish with and not the understanding of modes of reproduction, make the cultivation of how precious fish have the general lower phenomenon of survival rate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: provide a kind of and can effectively improve the cultural method of the how precious fish of survival rate, solve the lower problem of how precious fish survival rate at present, thereby can effectively solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The object of the invention is to realize by following technical proposals: the cultural method of a kind of how precious fish, it comprises following cultivation step:
Put before seedling and prepare, culturing pool do to pond desilting successively, at the bottom of the pond of loosening, weathering tans by the sun 10-15 days, then intakes 30 centimetres～50 centimetres, uses bleaching powder disinfection;
Choosing of seedling: select the seedling of 7-10cm length, and carry out dipping with disinfecting drug;
Breeding density: pond culture, put 600 tail-800 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu; The cultivation of batch production booth, puts 20-30 tail in a suitable place to breed for every square metre;
Adult fish culture: throw in feed every day three times, in feed, protein content is at 48-58%, and the content of fat is 8-12%, energy and protein ratio 66～76%;
Breeding water: available chlorine content 15ppm-20ppm in the water of pond, sulphide is less than or equal to 0.02 mg/litre, and total coliform count is less than 5000/liter, and salinity is 25-35, and COD content is less than 3 mg/litre.
As a kind of optimal way, the pH value of aquaculture water is controlled at 6.0～9.5.
As optimal way further, the pH value of aquaculture water is controlled at 7.5～8.0.
As a kind of optimal way, temperature of cultivation is controlled at 24 ℃～32 ℃.
As a kind of optimal way, fry is at 5 days～10 ages in days, and day is changed water 1 time, quantity of exchanged water 35%～55%; 11 days～20 ages in days, day is changed water 2 times, quantity of exchanged water 40%～60%; 20 days～30 ages in days, day is changed water 2 times, quantity of exchanged water 50%～70%.
As a kind of optimal way, dipping disinfecting drug used is formalin, copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate.
As further preferred embodiment, formalin concentration 1 × 10
-4～2 × 10
-4, the dipping time is: 60 minutes～120 minutes; Copper sulphate 5 × 10
-7～7 × 10
-7, ferrous sulfate 2 × 10
-7～3 × 10
-7.
As a kind of optimal way, pond net box cultivation, the net cage of each 3 meters × 3 meters × 1.5 meters is put 150 tail～200 tails in a suitable place to breed.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: by the raising method of the how precious fish of the present invention, and the control of rational feed cultivation and growing environment, can improve the survival rate of how precious fish, whole cultural method is simple, is easy to control, and effect is fast, is applicable to large-area cultivation and promotes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Disclosed all features in this specification, or step in disclosed all methods or process, except the speciality and/or step of mutual repulsion, all can combine by any way, unless narration especially, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object,, unless narration especially, an embodiment in a series of equivalences of each feature or similar characteristics.
The cultural method of the how precious fish of the present invention, it comprises following cultivation step: put before seedling and prepare, culturing pool do to pond desilting successively, at the bottom of the pond of loosening, weathering tans by the sun 10-15 days, then intakes 30 centimetres～50 centimetres, uses bleaching powder disinfection;
Choosing of seedling: select the seedling of 7-10cm length, and carry out dipping with disinfecting drug;
Breeding density: pond culture, put 600 tail-800 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu; The cultivation of batch production booth, puts 20-30 tail in a suitable place to breed for every square metre;
Adult fish culture: throw in feed every day three times, in feed, protein content is at 48-58%, and the content of fat is 8-12%, energy and protein ratio 66～76%;
Breeding water: available chlorine content 15ppm-20ppm in the water of pond, sulphide is less than or equal to 0.02 mg/litre, and total coliform count is less than 5000/liter, and salinity is 25-35, and COD content is less than 3 mg/litre.
embodiment 1:
Put before seedling and prepare, culturing pool do to pond desilting successively, at the bottom of the pond of loosening, weathering tans by the sun 15 days, then intakes 35 centimetres, uses bleaching powder disinfection; Breeding water at least will carry out sand filter and purify, 60 centimetres of left and right of 0.20 millimeter of fine sand particle diameter, thickness of husky filter;
Choosing of seedling: select the seedling of 7-10cm length, and carry out dipping with disinfecting drug;
Breeding density: pond culture, put 700 tail-750 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu; The breeding density of fry is suitable, and breeding density is excessive, causes the excreta of daily ration, feeding quantity and fish to increase, and dissolved oxygen amount is reduced, water quality deterioration.
Adult fish culture: throw in feed every day three times, in feed, protein content is at 55-58%, and the content of fat is 11-12%, energy and protein ratio 72～76%; Grow seedlings with rinsing well by fresh seawater before bait feeding, while having miscellaneous bacteria, must use antibiotic disinfection; The number of times of throwing something and feeding of every day, can suitably increase according to the needs of fish, throws something and feeds after bait, can not have residual bait.
Breeding water: available chlorine content 15ppm-20ppm in the water of pond, sulphide is less than or equal to 0.02 mg/litre, and total coliform count is less than 5000/liter, and salinity is 25-35, and COD content is less than 3 mg/litre; The pH value of aquaculture water is controlled at 7.8～8.0.
Temperature of cultivation is controlled at 28 ℃～32 ℃; Illumination at ordinary times should not be too strong.
Fry is at 5 days～10 ages in days, and day is changed water 1 time, quantity of exchanged water 35%～55%; 11 days～20 ages in days, day is changed water 2 times, quantity of exchanged water 40%～60%; 20 days～30 ages in days, day is changed water 2 times, quantity of exchanged water 50%～70%; Once, desilting at the bottom of pond will be carried out in pond to every 1 day～2 days soil pick-ups every year, will inhale at the end in time removal of contamination at the bottom of pond.
Dipping disinfecting drug used is formalin, copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate; Formalin concentration 2 × 10
-4, the dipping time is: 80 minutes; Can prevent bacteriosis and parasitosis; Copper sulphate 5 × 10
-7, ferrous sulfate 3 × 10
-7can prevent infusorian; In the medicine of prevention and the how precious fish for the treatment of, forbid to use potassium permanganate, this is very responsive to potassium permanganate because of the respiratory system of how precious fish, easily causes death.
embodiment 2:
Choosing of seedling: select the seedling of 8-10cm length, and carry out dipping with disinfecting drug;
Breeding density: the cultivation of batch production booth, put 25 tails in a suitable place to breed for every square metre; Culture zone is pollution-free source, not containing mud, silt content is few, and water quality is limpid, meets national fishery secondary water standard, well water is of fine quality good,, containing any sediment and dirt, water quality is not transparent, limpid, does not contain harmful heavy metal ion, sulphide is no more than 0.02 mg/litre, and total coliform count is less than 5000/liter.
Adult fish culture: throw in feed every day three times, in feed, protein content is 56%, and the content of fat is 9%, energy and protein ratio 75%;
Breeding water: available chlorine content 15ppm-20ppm in the water of pond, sulphide is less than or equal to 0.02 mg/litre, and total coliform count is less than 5000/liter, and salinity is 25-35, and COD content is less than 3 mg/litre.
Temperature of cultivation is controlled at 30 ℃～32 ℃; Illumination at ordinary times should not be too strong, is advisable with 500Lux～1500Lux; Light should be even, soft, not dazzling, and feeling comfortable is degree.The illumination rhythm and pace of moving things is identical with natural daylight.
Fry is at 5 days～10 ages in days, and day is changed water 1 time, quantity of exchanged water 45%～50%; 11 days～20 ages in days, day is changed water 2 times, quantity of exchanged water 50%～60%; 20 days～30 ages in days, day is changed water 2 times, quantity of exchanged water 60%～70%; Once, desilting at the bottom of pond will be carried out in pond to every 1 day～2 days soil pick-ups every year, will inhale at the end in time removal of contamination at the bottom of pond.
Dipping disinfecting drug used is formalin, copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate; Formalin concentration 1.5 × 10
-4, the dipping time is: 80 minutes; Can prevent bacteriosis and parasitosis; Copper sulphate 6 × 10
-7, ferrous sulfate 2.5 × 10
-7can prevent infusorian; In the medicine of prevention and the how precious fish for the treatment of, forbid to use potassium permanganate, this is very responsive to potassium permanganate because of the respiratory system of how precious fish, easily causes death.
In addition, buying fry and transportation fry is most important link in producing.
While buying fry, should choose 5 centimetres of above seeds.Require the seed bodily form complete, without wound, without residual, without lopsided and without albefaction; With the neat specification of batch seedling, eyes are positioned at left side of body, have a side to be blue or green brown, have point-like melanin, and anophthalmia sidelight cunning is white in color; Fry body surface is vivid, smooth, and without scar, without obfuscation, rubescent symptom, mobility is strong, and the gill filament is neat, NIP and parasite.
Before seed transportation, to carry out in advance and stop eating and cooling work.General use Nylon Bag oxygenation shipment, haulage time was advisable in 20 hours.The packaging bag of 10 liters, every bag can fill fry 50 tail～100 tails of 5 centimetres～10 centimetres of total lengths; The fry that total length is 15 centimetres, every bag can fill 30 tail～50 tails.In fry transportation, to avoid that fish body is injured as far as possible, collision, broken bag, leak gas, leak, the phenomenon such as oxygen deficiency occurs.When higher the or transportation range of water temperature is far away, should in shipping bags, add a small amount of ice cube.
Above the present invention has been carried out to detailed introduction, applied specific case herein structure of the present invention is set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention meanwhile.To be possible to change of the present invention and improvement, and can not exceed design and the scope of accessory claim regulation.
Claims (8)
1. a cultural method for precious fish more than, is characterized in that: comprise following cultivation step:
Put before seedling and prepare: culturing pool do to pond desilting successively, at the bottom of the pond of loosening, weathering tans by the sun 10-15 days, then intakes 30 centimetres～50 centimetres, uses bleaching powder disinfection;
Choosing of seedling: select the seedling of 7-10cm length, and carry out dipping with disinfecting drug;
Seedling breeding density: pond culture, put 600 tail-800 tails in a suitable place to breed for every mu; The cultivation of batch production booth, puts 20-30 tail in a suitable place to breed for every square metre;
Adult fish culture: throw in feed every day three times, in feed, protein content is at 48-58%, and the content of fat is 8-12%, energy and protein ratio 66～76%;
Breeding water: available chlorine content 15ppm-20ppm in the water of pond, sulphide is less than or equal to 0.02 mg/litre, and total coliform count is less than 5000/liter, and salinity is 25-35, and COD content is less than 3 mg/litre.
2. the cultural method of as claimed in claim 1 how precious fish, is characterized in that: the pH value of aquaculture water is controlled at 6.0～9.5.
3. the cultural method of as claimed in claim 2 how precious fish, is characterized in that: the pH value of aquaculture water is controlled at 7.5～8.0.
4. the cultural method of as claimed in claim 1 how precious fish, is characterized in that: temperature of cultivation is controlled at 24 ℃～32 ℃.
5. the cultural method of as claimed in claim 1 how precious fish, is characterized in that: fry is at 5 days～10 ages in days, and day is changed water 1 time, quantity of exchanged water 35%～55%; 11 days～20 ages in days, day is changed water 2 times, quantity of exchanged water 40%～60%; 20 days～30 ages in days, day is changed water 2 times, quantity of exchanged water 50%～70%.
6. the cultural method of as claimed in claim 1 how precious fish, is characterized in that: dipping disinfecting drug used is formalin, copper sulphate and ferrous sulfate.
7. the cultural method of as claimed in claim 6 how precious fish, is characterized in that: formalin concentration 1 × 10
-4～2 × 10
-4, the dipping time is: 60 minutes～120 minutes; Copper sulphate 5 × 10
-7～7 × 10
-7, ferrous sulfate 2 × 10
-7～3 × 10
-7.
8. the cultural method of as claimed in claim 1 how precious fish, is characterized in that: pond net box cultivation, the net cage of each 3 meters × 3 meters × 1.5 meters is put 150 tail～200 tails in a suitable place to breed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210395670.9A CN103766244A (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2012-10-18 | Turbot cultivation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210395670.9A CN103766244A (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2012-10-18 | Turbot cultivation method |
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| CN103766244A true CN103766244A (en) | 2014-05-07 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557598A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-11 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | Method for culturing turbot fry in high-yield mode |
| CN108056050A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-22 | 钦州市钦州港国鸿水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of turbot aquaculture method |
-
2012
- 2012-10-18 CN CN201210395670.9A patent/CN103766244A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557598A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-11 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑成水产生态养殖专业合作社 | Method for culturing turbot fry in high-yield mode |
| CN108056050A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-22 | 钦州市钦州港国鸿水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of turbot aquaculture method |
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Application publication date: 20140507 |