CN103736721B - Method by biological restoration water body with soil and comprehensive utilization of resources - Google Patents
Method by biological restoration water body with soil and comprehensive utilization of resources Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103736721B CN103736721B CN201410031538.9A CN201410031538A CN103736721B CN 103736721 B CN103736721 B CN 103736721B CN 201410031538 A CN201410031538 A CN 201410031538A CN 103736721 B CN103736721 B CN 103736721B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plant
- soil
- silver
- fast
- water body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- PLKATZNSTYDYJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane silver Chemical compound N.[Ag] PLKATZNSTYDYJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 29
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 17
- 241000234643 Festuca arundinacea Species 0.000 abstract description 14
- 244000292693 Poa annua Species 0.000 abstract description 14
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 11
- 210000000746 body region Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000273256 Phragmites communis Species 0.000 description 27
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 27
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 15
- 241000219823 Medicago Species 0.000 description 14
- 241000209056 Secale Species 0.000 description 14
- 241001494508 Arundo donax Species 0.000 description 13
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000006523 Phyllostachys congesta Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 244000272329 Phyllostachys congesta Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 10
- 240000008436 Ipomoea aquatica Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000001601 Sabal palmetto Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 240000005916 Hydrocharis morsus-ranae Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 branch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 4
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100001234 toxic pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 244000026873 Alternanthera philoxeroides Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000684239 Canna x generalis Species 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YVGGHNCTFXOJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N DDT Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YVGGHNCTFXOJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241001549572 Elsholtzia splendens Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000521257 Hydrops Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005906 Imidacloprid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005807 Metalaxyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001074119 Miscanthus sacchariflorus Species 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000409991 Mythimna separata Species 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000233679 Peronosporaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000199919 Phaeophyceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000255893 Pyralidae Species 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- OIPMQULDKWSNGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[[ethoxy(oxo)phosphaniumyl]oxy]alumanyloxy-ethoxy-oxophosphanium Chemical compound [Al+3].CCO[P+]([O-])=O.CCO[P+]([O-])=O.CCO[P+]([O-])=O OIPMQULDKWSNGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N deltamethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Br)Br)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 OWZREIFADZCYQD-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006806 disease prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005662 electromechanics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940056881 imidacloprid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese zinc Chemical compound [Mn].[Zn] WJZHMLNIAZSFDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZQEIXNIJLIKNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alaninate Chemical compound COCC(=O)N(C(C)C(=O)OC)C1=C(C)C=CC=C1C ZQEIXNIJLIKNTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PZXOQEXFMJCDPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N omethoate Chemical compound CNC(=O)CSP(=O)(OC)OC PZXOQEXFMJCDPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000004047 Amorpha fruticosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002066 Amorpha fruticosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195967 Anthoceros Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000058893 Arundinella anomala Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000132014 Baccharis neglecta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000724 Berberis vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219429 Betula Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003932 Betula Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000743756 Bromus inermis Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000052363 Cynodon dactylon Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000099162 Cyperus alternifolius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001113556 Elodea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000234642 Festuca Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000662021 Ligustrum x vicaryi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000050427 Melilotus officinalis subsp suaveolens Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000839 Melilotus officinalis subsp suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000212850 Mugil cephalus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000555917 Najas marina Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209490 Nymphaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000212324 Oenanthe <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001406327 Periploca sepium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001483078 Phyto Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011615 Pinus koraiensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007263 Pinus koraiensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002493 Salix babylonica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000020191 Salix babylonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000124844 Sedum alfredii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208292 Solanaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002307 Solanum ptychanthum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007230 Sorghum bicolor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000775848 Syringa oblata Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004098 Tetracycline Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000001085 Trapa natans Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001106462 Ulmus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000274883 Urtica dioica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009108 Urtica dioica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001520823 Zoysia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012075 bio-oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- CEKJAYFBQARQNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Cd] CEKJAYFBQARQNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007765 cera alba Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005446 dissolved organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002213 flavones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003071 polychlorinated biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003904 radioactive pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009165 saligot Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930101283 tetracycline Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019364 tetracycline Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
By the method for biological restoration water body with soil and comprehensive utilization of resources, the method includes: (1) determines major pollutants in selected land area or water body region；(2) in selected land area or water body region, select plantation and/or cultivate the fast-growing herbaceous plant that remediation efficiency is high, fast-growing algae, arbor, shrub, mushroom or microorganism；(3) carry out gathering in or gathering after suitable height or size at fast-growing herbaceous plant, fast-growing algal grown；(4) fast-growing herbaceous plant, the fast-growing algae gathered in or gather is focused on, comprehensive utilization, it is prevented that Pollutants Diffusion；(5) artificial floating island repairs eutrophication water；(6) stable breeding floating plant repairing heavy metal pollution water body；(7) Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass mix up reparation cadmium, Grown In Zinc Contaminated Soil；(8) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) contaminated soil is repaired in alfalfa, Itanlian rye catch cropping；(9) extract from silver-containing waste water rehabilitation plant and reclaim silver.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to by biological plantation and/or cultivation, gather in and focus on the method realizing repairing water body with soil and comprehensive utilization of resources, belong to field of Environment Protection.
Background technology
Economic fast development, the continuous growth of population, water consumption sharply increases, and quantity of wastewater effluent also increases accordingly, and environmental carrying capacity and the ecosystem carrying capacity of water body can't bear the heavy load, and ecosystem suffers very big destruction.The water pollution degree such as China the Yellow River, Huaihe River, Song Hua River, the Liaohe River are bad V class, seriously constrain the sustainable development of China's economy, and body eutrophication, heavy metal pollution are carried out comprehensive control and repairs very urgent.
One of material base of procreation that soil is the mankind and numerous biology is depended on for existence, acceleration along with process of industrialization, the pollution of soil environment is become increasingly severe by organic and inorganic poisonous and harmful substance (mainly pesticide, heavy metal, oil etc.), and countries in the world all suffer from soil contamination problem in various degree.In soil pollution, especially the growth promoter of crop and yield, quality are not only had impact, and by food chain, health can be worked the mischief by the soil of heavy metal pollution.Administering of heavy metal pollution of soil is particularly significant for the agricultural sustainable development of China and the improvement of environmental quality.
Water body and soil heavily contaminated problem have become the serious environmental problem that the whole world faces.Although people imagine and have studied various technology carrys out repairing environment, but remain without at present and find desirable restorative procedure.In prior art, the open plantation by biology and/or cultivation, gather in and focus on the method realizing repairing water body with soil and comprehensive utilization of resources.
Summary of the invention
A kind of method that it is an object of the invention to provide novel water body and soil remediation；By planting and/or cultivate herbaceous plant and the fast-growing algae of fast-growing at water body and land, harvesting or gather herbaceous plant, algae, arbor, shrub, mushroom or the microorganism being cultivated or grow, then focus on, realize the purpose repairing water body with soil.
In this application, described biology broadly includes fast-growing herbaceous plant, fast-growing algae and shrub, arbor, liana, mushroom, microorganism.
In this application, described heavy metal refers to the heavy metal (silver, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, hydrargyrum, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, zinc etc.) in chemical pollutant, metalloid (arsenic, selenium etc.), nonmetal (boron etc.).
" biological restoration " and " phytoremediation " are used interchangeably in this application, and " fast-growing herbaceous plant " and " herbaceous plant " are used interchangeably, and " fast-growing algae " and " algae " are used interchangeably.
Embodiment of the present invention are summarized as follows:
1, by the method for biological restoration water body Yu soil, the method includes:
(1) major pollutants in selected land area or water body region are determined；
(2) in selected land area or water body region, select plantation and/or cultivate the fast-growing herbaceous plant that remediation efficiency is high, fast-growing algae, arbor, shrub, mushroom or microorganism；
(3) gather in the crops after suitable height at fast-growing herbaceous plant, fast-growing algal grown；The lower part of this herbal and stem is retained during the harvesting of terrestrial herbaceous plant；In water body region when plantation and/or the fast-growing herbaceous plant cultivated and fast-growing algae results, retain a part of fast-growing draft and fast-growing algae plant；
(4) fast-growing herbaceous plant, the fast-growing algae gathered in or gather is focused on, it is prevented that Pollutants Diffusion；
In the present invention, gather in or gather to be usually and mechanically or manually gather in or gather, it will be preferred that mechanical harvesting or gather, for instance using agricultural harvester harvesting herbaceous plant, using filter screen to gather algae, the aquatic swimming plant that swims.
The plant that contaminated area is collected focuses on field and is generally off-site from crops, crops planting area or watershed, for instance at least 1 kilometer, such as 2-10 kilometer of being separated by.
2, the method according to above 1, wherein land area pollutant include chemical pollutant, physical pollutant, biological pollutant in step (1)；Water body region dye thing includes organic oxygen-consuming pollutant, toxic pollutant, oil, radioactive contaminant, eutrophication pollution thing, invasive organism.
Chemical pollutant includes inorganic pollution and organic pollution, inorganic pollution such as silver, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, hydrargyrum, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, zinc, arsenic, selenium, boron, excessive nitrogen, phosphorus plant nutrient and oxide and sulfide etc.；Organic pollution is various chemical pesticides, oil and pyrolysis product thereof such as, and other kinds organic synthesis product etc..Physical pollutant is mainly from solid waste such as mine tailing, barren rock, flyash and the industrial refuse etc. of factory, mine.Biological pollutant is mainly with the municipal refuse of various pathogenic bacterias and waste water, refuse and the barnyard manure etc. discharged by sanitary installation (including hospital).
Organic oxygen-consuming pollutant are mainly in sanitary sewage and a part of industrial wastewater containing Organic substances such as substantial amounts of carbohydrate, protein, fat and lignins, these materials enter water body, under the effect of aerobic microbiological, it is decomposed into simple inorganic substances, consume a large amount of dissolved oxygen in water body, cause that in water body, dissolved oxygen declines, and affects Fish and other hydrobiological orthobiosis.Serious also can cause water body smelly, Fish mortality.
Toxic pollutant is divided into four classes: (1) nonmetallic inorganic poisonous substance CN, F, S etc., (2) heavy metal and metalloid inorganic toxic material Hg, Cd, Cr, Pb, Mn etc., (3) easily decomposing organic poison such as Volatile Phenols, aldehyde, benzene etc., (4) are difficult decomposes organic poison DDT, Gamma Hexaochlorocyclohexane, Polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, aromatic amine etc..
Oil pollution mainly enters the oil of ocean and forms one layer of oil film at the water surface, affects oxygen and diffuses in water, thus halobiontic growth is produced harmful effect.Oil film and oil clot stick on juvenile fish and fish roe, make fish roe can not survive or make juvenile fish dead.Oil makes fish and shrimp produce oil stink, reduces the edibility of marine product.Oil pollution destroys graceful beachscape, reduces as recuperating, the use value of tourist site.
Radioactive pollution is mainly derived from uranium mining, ore dressing, smelting, nuclear power station and nuclear test and radioisotopic application etc..
Eutrophication pollution thing be primarily referred to as sluggish flow, regeneration period length surface water body, receive the plant nutrients such as a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, organic carbon, cause the planktons such as algae to sharply increase.
Invasive organism is mainly antibacterial and virus, mostly comes from the sewage of plant, meat-packing plant, biological factory and hospital's discharge that non-sterile processes.
3, method according to above 1, wherein in step (2), in land area, the herbaceous plant of plantation and/or cultivation is: Radix Aneurolepidii, annual bluegrass, Melilotus suaveolens Ledeb., Fructus Hordei Vulgaris, Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f, Sedum alfredii Hance, Thalaspi arvense L., cyperus alternifolius, Caulis et Folium Brassicae capitatae, Sorghum vulgare Pers., Bermuda grass, Herba Bidentis Bipinnatae, parasol dish, rye grass, Herba Eragrostidis pilosae, Korea lawn grass, Caulis et Folium Brassicae junceae, common violet, Herba vallisneriae Spiralis, Herba Acroptili repentis, Herba Lactucae versicoloris, Herba penniseti, Herba Solani Nigri, Arundo donax, Canna generalis Bailey, Herba Lythri Salicariae, Herba Artemisiae Annuae, Radix Phytolaccae, Herba Scirpi Tabernaemontani, swamp cabbage, Radix rumicis acetosae, Herba Chenopodii, artemisiifolia, alta fascue, awnless brome, Herba pteridis vittatae, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, Herba Typhae, fescue grass, alfalfa, Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f, Herba Polygoni cymosi；
Plantation and/or the fast-growing herbaceous plant cultivated are in water body region (especially the water body region of fresh water type): flame nettle, Rhizoma Acori Graminei, big, Herba Eichhorniae, Herba Spirodelae, parasol dish, Flos Nelumbinis, Pedicellus et Pericarpium Trapae, phragmites communis, Arundo donax, Herba azollae imbricatae, Canna generalis Bailey, Herba Lythri Salicariae, Herba Scirpi Tabernaemontani, Herba Oenanthes Javanicae, swamp cabbage, Flos nymphaeae (Nymphaea teragona Georgi), Mugil cephalus grass, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, Herba Typhae, water caltrop, careless najas marina, waterweed, hornwort；
In land area, the arbor of plantation and/or cultivation is: white beeswax, Salix babylonica L., dry land willow, elm, Syringa oblata Lindl., PiceameyeriRehd. Et Wils., Pinus koraiensis, willow, Betula；
In land area, the shrub of plantation and/or cultivation is: wing pod Semen Cassiae, Caulis Seu Folium Lespedezae Bicoloris, false indigo, Ligustrum X vicaryi, purple leaf barberry；
In land area, the liana of plantation and/or cultivation is: Radix seu Caulis Parthenocissi tricuspidatae, P. sepium Bunge, Caulis Seu Folium Euonymi Fortunei；
In the plantation and/or cultivating process of fast-growing herbaceous plant or fast-growing algae or in its growth course, and after the harvesting of fast-growing herbaceous plant or fast-growing algae or gathering, regularly or periodically for the fast-growing herbaceous plant in plantation and/or cultivation region or fast-growing algae apply fertilizer, by repeatedly applying fertilizer, quick growth of plant can be promoted, increase yield of biomass, accelerate the reparation to soil Yu water body.
Table 1 below is herbal list.Table 2 below is the list of fast-growing algae.Table 3 below is the list of arbor.Table 4 below is the list of shrub.Table 5 below is the list of liana.
4, the method according to above 1, when wherein gathering in the fast-growing herbaceous plant of growth in land area in step (3), " lower part of stem " that retain has at least one joint, it is preferable that the length 1cm of the stem of reservation～10cm, 1～6 joint, to promote that plant germinates rapidly or grows young leaves；When water body region middling speed this plant harvesting of SHENGCAO, the stem retained should surface more than 2cm or at least one joint, it is preferable that the length 5cm of the stem of reservation～10cm, 1～6 joint；When herbaceous plant or algae in water body region of gathering, at least retain more than 1/3 plant.
5, the method according to above 1, wherein takes burning method, composting process, high-temperature decomposition, ashing method, liquid-phase extraction method to focus on fast-growing herbaceous plant, the fast-growing algae gathered in or gather in step (4), comprehensive utilization.Such as burn Btu utilization, or extract heavy metal from the ashes；After the plant compost of enriching Cu, apply the soil balanced soil fertility that copper lacks.
6, the method according to above 1-4 item, wherein step (1)-(4) or step (2)-(4) can repeat.By planting and/or cultivate fast-growing herbaceous plant, fast-growing algae repairs water body and soil, and to the fast-growing herbaceous plant gathered in the crops, fast-growing algae, comprehensive utilization of resources, be those skilled in the art it is contemplated that.
7, the method according to above 1-6 item, wherein said process includes:
A) contaminated soil (including chemical contamination, physical contamination, biological pollution soil) is adopted biological restoration, utilize biological (plant, microorganism) reduction, the heavy metal purified in soil, pathogenic bacteria, radioelement, or reduce the toxicity of heavy metal, pathogenic bacteria, radioelement.
nullThese devices or system and method are conventional in prior art，As being disclosed in CN1559711(CN200410015561.5) in the plant restoration method of heavy metal pollution farming land，CN1586748(CN200410055581.5) the heavy metal-polluted dyeing technique of Arundo donax (Arundodonaxlinn) phytoremediation wetland in，The plant restoration method of a kind of heavy metal pollution of soil in CN1593797(CN200410027833.3)，CN1721094(CN200410020981.2) a kind of method utilizing crucifer cadmium pollution soil repair in，CN1724184(CN200410021546.1) a kind of method utilizing plant of Solanaceae cadmium pollution soil repair in，The application of the utilizing enriching plant in repairing lead polluted soil in CN1887457(CN200610011046.9) and method thereof，CN1919484(CN200610048663.6) a kind of plant restoration method administering lead-contaminated soil in，CN1981947(CN200510134467.6) method utilizing phytoremediation As polluted soil in，The plant restoration method of the soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution in CN101015833(CN200710020380.5)，The plant restoration method of a kind of contaminated soil in CN1528533(CN200310110757.8)，The plant restoration method of the lead-contaminated soil in CN1555933(CN200410015651.4)，CN1633834(CN200310123407.5) a kind of method improving As polluted soil phytoremediation efficiency in，The plant restoration method of the heavy-metal contaminated soil in CN1640565(CN200510032683.X)，The preparation and application of a kind of plant repairing body for contaminated soil in CN1672822(CN200510016702.X)，CN101229550(CN200710062992.0) a kind of method improving gesarex polluted soil phyto remediation efficiency in，Being subject in CN101648205(CN200910184200.6) is luxuriant and rich with fragrance、The plant restoration method of pyrene or pentachlorophenol contaminated soil，The chemical enhanced plant restoration method of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-cadmium pollution soil in CN101642769(CN200910184526.9)，CN101249501(CN200810030860.4) plant restoration method based on soil polluted by uranium mine tailings in，CN103480642A(CN201310458537.8) a kind of plant restoration method removing soil sulphur element poison in.
B) polluted-water (including the water body of organic oxygen-consuming pollutant, toxic pollutant, oil, radioactive contaminant, eutrophication pollution thing, invasive organism pollution) is adopted biological restoration, utilize biological (plant, microorganism) metabolic activity to the absorption of pollutant, conversion and degraded in water body, reach to slow down or eliminate water pollution, recover water ecology function.
nullThese devices or system and method are conventional in prior art，As being disclosed in CN1480411(CN03139848.0) in the plant restoration method of a kind of eutrophication water，The plant restoration method of the arsenic polluted water body in CN1982234(CN200510126486.4) and device，The plant restoration method of the oil pollution wetland in CN101947540A(CN201010290943.4)，The method of a kind of remedying eutrophicated grass-type lake by harvesting aquatic plants in CN102249421A(CN201110156588.6)，The plant restoration method of a kind of uranium polluted-water in CN102079581A(CN200910226273.7) and device，The plant restoration method of a kind of uranium polluted-water in CN102079580A(CN200910226272.2)，The analog of a kind of removing volatile organic pollutants in underground water by plants in CN201530753U(CN200920210639.7)，CN201825784U(CN201020528673.1) sewage treating pond for phytoremediation of constructed wetlands in，CN102989757A(CN201210562073.0) a kind of method utilizing Arundinella hirta's phytoremediation tin pollution soil and shallow water body in，CN103043801A(CN201310011876.1) a kind of plant restoration method to tetracycline pollutant effluents in.
C) to rehabilitation plant comprehensive utilization of resources.There is in rehabilitation plant body higher metal concentration, change into the energy as fuel, then from ash, extract heavy metal；Or utilize pyrolytic rehabilitation plant to produce cracking gas, bio oil, recycling heavy metal；Or utilize rehabilitation plant to produce containing heavy metal fertilizer.
nullThese devices or system and method are conventional in prior art，As being disclosed in CN102517447A(CN201110446997.X) in the processing method of a heavy metal species rehabilitation plant residuum，The processing method of the heavy metal species rehabilitation plant residuum in CN102517447A(CN201110446997.X)，CN101700524A(CN200910193694.4) fixative in and the method for the safe disposal of heavy metal polluted soil repairing plant，The method of the restoring heavy metal-polluted soil by plants integrated treatment in CN101704013A(CN200910193803.2) and device，CN1857397(CN200610050201.8) method extracting total flavones from the rehabilitation plant elsholtzia splendens of copper polluted soil in，CN101675740(CN200810013230.6) a kind of repair plant black nightshade seed-soaking solution in and application thereof，CN1800111(CN200610037757.3) method utilizing rehabilitation plant elsholtzia splendens making cupric organic fertilizer in.
8, according to the method for any one in above 1-7 item, also comprise the following steps:
(5) artificial floating island repairs the step of eutrophication water, and this reparation step includes substep:
(a1) with the chinampa unit housing of bamboo stem, trunk composition arbitrary shape (such as triangle, quadrangle, pentagon, hexagon), unit housing junction, chinampa biodegradable fiber (such as palm rope, the rope made of hemp, the thickness bamboo cane less than 3mm) is fixed.
(a2) weaving into net with biodegradable fiber (such as palm rope, the rope made of hemp, the thickness bamboo cane less than 3mm) in housing, biodegradable fiber net is connected with housing.
(a3) in biodegradable fiber net, fill the phragmites communis bundle, the straw bundle that anyhow interlock, thickness 10cm～100cm；First with phragmites communis, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, phragmites communis bundle, straw bundle are connected with each other, then phragmites communis bundle, straw bundle are connected with biodegradable fiber net.
(a4) tie in phragmites communis, straw bundle spreads 5cm～20cm earth.
(a5) chinampa plant seedling is cultivated, when seedling reaches 5cm transplanting carried out above.
Phragmites communis asexual propagation: when surface air temperature is stablized more than 5 DEG C, take phragmites communis root stock from phragmites communis soil, be cut into 20cm～30cm length one section, at least 2 joints above (content 2 joint), to improve axillary bud sprouting rate.By 30～50cm × 30～50cm excavation kind plant hole, after the phragmites communis root stock cut is put into kind of plant hole, earthing 2cm～5cm is thick.Conserve water and soil after plantation humidity, benign climate, and 15d～30d seedling can grow into more than 5cm.Balled transplanting, suitably shades after transplanting, and survival rate is up to more than 95%.
Arundo donax asexual propagation: gather Arundo donax linn stem stalk between April to August, be cut into 20cm～30cm length one section, cutting at least 2 joint above (content 2 joint), to improve axillary bud sprouting rate.Cutting, with adopting with cutting with inserting, inserts in ready seedbed by seeding row spacing 20～30cm × 20～30cm, suitably shelters from heat or light and keep ground moistening, and after 25d, cutting sprouts tender and plumelet.The balled transplanting when seedling reaches more than 5cm, suitably shades after transplanting, keeps ground moistening, and survival rate is up to more than 95%.
Herba Typhae division propagation: between March to May, when surface air temperature is stablized more than 10 DEG C, digs out Herba Typhae together with subterraneous stem, is divided into individual plant, and every strain, with one section of rhizome or fibrous root, selects shoal by seeding row spacing 30～50cm × 30～50cm plantation, and every cave plants 1 strain.
Herba Lythri Salicariae cottage propagation: grow animated period in Herba Lythri Salicariae, before blooming, growth selection is healthy and strong, top branch without pest and disease damage, long 10cm～the 20cm of clip twig, lower clip, from bud 0.5cm～2cm, removes the leaf of bottom 1/3rd, by seeding row spacing 20～30cm × 20～30cm, deep 3cm～8cm inserts in paddy field, keeping paddy field interior edema deep 2cm～5cm, 7d～10d to take root, 15d～30d seedling can grow into more than 5cm.Balled transplanting, suitably shades after transplanting, keeps ground moistening, and survival rate is up to more than 95%.
Phyllostachys congesta cottage propagation: at the long animated period of Phyllostachys congesta, under the umbrella bract of stem top, 5cm～10cm cuts, bract tip is cut off, bract tip is cut off, is trimmed to the leaf dish of diameter 8cm～10cm, by seeding row spacing 10～20cm × 10～20cm, umbrella bract is inserted equipped with in seedbed, making leaf dish be close to seedbed sandy soil, suitably shelter from heat or light and keep ground moistening, after 20d, Phyllostachys congesta is taken root long sprouting.When seedling to more than 5cm.Balled transplanting, suitably shades after transplanting, keeps ground moistening, and survival rate is up to more than 95%.
Papyrus division propagation: between March to May, when surface air temperature is stablized more than 10 DEG C, digs out papyrus together with subterraneous stem, is divided into individual plant, and every strain is with one section of root, and by seeding row spacing 20～30cm × 20～30cm plantation, every cave plants 1 strain.Keep water level to be formed after more than 10cm, 20d and newly have plant.Balled transplanting, suitably shades after transplanting, keeps ground moistening, and survival rate is up to more than 95%.
(a6) seeding row spacing presses 20cm～50cm × 20cm～50cm, by phragmites communis, Arundo donax, Herba Typhae, Herba Lythri Salicariae, Phyllostachys congesta, the little transplantation of seedlings of papyrus in the unit of chinampa, it is preferable that miscegenation.
(a7) dispose predetermined waters on chinampa, multiple fixing anchor, spud pile are set.
(a8) multiple chinampas unit biodegradable fiber is connected, suitably loosen the gap between the unit of chinampa, in order to alleviate external force and to the impact of chinampa unit and regulate water level.
(a9) with rope, chinampa is connected with multiple fixing anchors, spud pile, suitably loosens connection rope to regulate water level.
(a10) harm phragmites communis, Arundo donax, Herba Typhae, Herba Lythri Salicariae, Phyllostachys congesta, papyrus primary pest be aphid, spray with the spraying of 500～800 times of liquid of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder or 800～1000 times of liquid of 40% omethoate when insect pest occurs.
(a11), after entering autumn, when a large amount of withering occur in phragmites communis, Arundo donax, Herba Typhae, Herba Lythri Salicariae, Phyllostachys congesta, papyrus, aerial parts plant is gathered in the crops.
(a12) when phragmites communis bundle, straw bundle appearance are decomposed in a large number in chinampa, disembarkation is salvaged on chinampa, after clearing out of bamboo stem, trunk and needing the chinampa plant continuing to cultivate, make compost.
9, according to the method for any one in above 1-8 item, also comprise the following steps:
(6) step of stable breeding floating plant repairing heavy metal pollution water body, this reparation step includes substep:
(b1) the floating plant growth housing of bamboo stem, trunk, pvc pipe, floating thing, rope composition arbitrary shape is used.
(b2) grow predetermined waters floating plant, multiple fixing anchor, spud pile are set.
(b3) with rope, iron wire, floating plant is grown housing to be connected with multiple fixing anchors, spud pile, suitably loosen connection rope, iron wire length to regulate water level.
(b4) when temperature is stablized more than 15 DEG C, frogbit, swamp cabbage, Herba Eichhorniae are thrown in floating plant growth housing.
(b5) when frogbit, swamp cabbage, Herba Eichhorniae cover with floating plant growth housing, salvage 1/2～2/3 frogbit, swamp cabbage, Herba Eichhorniae；In the growth busy season, salvage once every 20d～30d.
(b6) frogbit of salvaging disembarkation, swamp cabbage, Herba Eichhorniae need to focus on, comprehensive utilization, it is prevented that heavy metal secondary pollution.
10, according to the method for any one in above 1-9 item, also comprise the following steps:
(7) Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass mix up reparation cadmium, Grown In Zinc Contaminated Soil step, and this reparation step includes substep:
(c1) by the Soil tillage one time by cadmium, zinc pollution, ploughed depth 20cm～30cm before sowing, remove the foreign material such as the brick in soil, stone, branch, plastics, and table soil is raked；When soil stickiness is stronger, in conjunction with addition fine sand of turning over, to improve the aeration of soil；During soil depletion, in conjunction with the every mu of organic fertilizer 500kg～1000kg or compound fertilizer 80kg～100kg that turns over.
(c2) warm area spring, summer, the autumn all can be broadcast, and sowing in spring suitable 4～May in High-cold regions, the Changjiang river areas to the south is suitable for autumn sowing in 9～October.
(c3) when Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass mix up, by every mu of tall fescue seed 30kg～35kg, annual bluegrass seed 5kg～10kg mixing.
(c4) before sowing every mu execute thin liquid dung 2000kg～3000kg and keep ground moistening, sowing bonnet 0.5cm～2cm one layer of thin sand and soil of thickness.
(c5) keep ground moistening, within after planting 7d～10d days, can germinate, suitably reduce sprinkling irrigation number of times after germination, be beneficial to seedling and take root.
(c6) as more than height of seedling 5cm, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 50kg～100kg rapeseed cake granule pulverized.
(c7) Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass disease resistance are relatively strong, and disease is less；In the summer that south is damp and hot, spray 800～1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder or 400～600 times of liquid of 40% phosethyl-Al wettable powder, spray once every 10d～15d, spray the generation of 2-3 pre-disease prevention altogether.
(c8) just can gather in as Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass more than height of seedling 10cm, preferred rotary cutter type grass mower during harvesting, first by grass mower, Festuca Arundinacea, the precocious seedlings of cereal crops be cut off, then with harrow, the Seedling cut off is collected.
(c9) Festuca Arundinacea, the annual bluegrass gathered in transport cadmium, zinc pollution soil in time, focus on, comprehensive utilization, it is prevented that heavy metal secondary pollution.
11, according to the method for any one in above 1-10 item, also comprise the following steps:
(8) step of alfalfa, Itanlian rye catch cropping reparation polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) contaminated soil, this reparation step includes substep:
(d1) by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated Soil tillage one time, ploughed depth 20cm～30cm, soil surrounding excavation gutter, it is prevented that hydrops before sowing；Remove the foreign material such as the brick in soil, stone, branch, plastics, and table soil is raked；In conjunction with the every mu of organic fertilizer 500kg～800kg or carbamide 10kg～15kg that turns over, calcium superphosphate 50kg～80kg is as base manure.
(d2) China the Changjiang river is with southern area, autumn sowing after suitable October；North China and northwest are suitable for sowing in spring the 4-5 month；Broadcast in the last week, seed is placed under the sun and shines 2～3 days, improve germination percentage.
(d3) alfalfa, Itanlian rye catch cropping time adopt drilling, broadcast alfalfa seed 0.5kg～0.6kg, Itanlian rye seed 0.8kg～1.0kg for every mu.
(d4) after planting cover the thick one layer of fine earth of 3cm～5cm, after germination, execute thin liquid dung 1000kg～1500kg for every mu, keep ground moistening.
(d5) alfalfa, Itanlian rye seedling growth are slow, weeding in time；Water in time when seedling stage and trophophase sky drought.
(d6) alfalfa prevents downy mildew or 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 500 times of liquid spraying anti-smelting rust, leaf spots with 500～600 times of liquid sprayings of 58% metalaxyl manganese-zinc wettable powder；Itanlian rye 2.5% decis wettable powder 1000～1500 times of the liquid anti-smelting mythimna separatas of spraying, snout moths larva harm.
(d7) namely alfalfa plant height 30cm～40cm can gather in, and cutting the height for the stubble left must not lower than 5cm, in order to avoid impact regeneration, later 30d～40d gathers in once；Namely Itanlian rye plant height 40cm～50cm can gather in, and first time harvesting suitably ahead of time, can promote tiller, the yield of several batches after increase；The first time harvesting height for the stubble left must not lower than 5cm, in order to avoid impact regeneration, later 20d～30d gathers in once.
(d8) alfalfa, the Itanlian rye gathered in transport polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) contaminated land in time, focus on, comprehensive utilization, it is prevented that PAH secondary pollution.
12, according to the method for any one in above 1-11 item, also comprise the following steps:
(9) step of extraction and recovery silver from silver-containing waste water rehabilitation plant, this reparation step includes substep:
(e1) in silver-containing waste water, disembarkation will be salvaged by growing plants (such as Herba Eichhorniae, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Herba Spirodelae, Brown algae, thorn Herba vallisneriae Spiralis etc.), after naturally drying, burn till cinder in atmosphere.
(e2) cinder after burning is put in high temperature furnace, and at 500～600 DEG C, constant temperature 15h～20h is ashing into white or brown ceramic powder completely.
High temperature furnace is existing commercially available, existing tens of the factories in the whole nation produce, such as the GP.BF series box-type high-temperature furnace that Shanghai Gui Er plant equipment company limited produces, the bell jar electric furnace that Luoyang Lu Wei kiln company limited produces, the GSL-2000X-25 high temperature process furnances that Hefei Ke Jing Materials Technology Ltd. produces, the box heat treatment furnace that Wuhan Jiahua Furnace Industry Co., Ltd. produces, the 04DC-DB125 type bilayer high temperature furnace that Beijing original creation Science and Technology Ltd. produces, the high-temperature energy-conservation stove that Luoyang China rising sun rel electric furnace company limited produces, the lift high temperature furnace that Shanghai Guang Shu electromechanics company limited produces.
(e3) plant powder of complete ashing is added by weight 1:2 in the salpeter solution of 10%, soak 8h～12h；Silver in soak generates silver nitrate with nitric acid reaction.
(e4) adding the ammonia of 20% in soak, pH value is adjusted to 10～11, the silver in soak and ammonia generate silver ammonia complexing ion.
(e5) extract leachate, filter after being heated to 45～50 DEG C, remove residue；Filtrate continues maintenance 45～50 DEG C, is evaporated completely by ammonia.
(e6) taking, after evaporation, the hydrochloric acid adding 15%～20% in leachate, hydrochloric acid is 1:10 with taking leachate volume ratio, raw milky silver chloride sediment.
(e7) lean for upper strata silver clear liquid is poured out, leaching silver chloride sediment, be washed till neutrality with distilled water；
(e8) silver chloride sediment is placed in baking oven, at 100 DEG C～110 DEG C temperature, dry 2h～4h.
(e9) by dried silver chloride add mass ratio be 15～20% natrium carbonicum calcinatum, 10～12% Boraxs and 8～10% particulate slightly silver-colored, after keeping 30～60mni at 1000 DEG C～1100 DEG C temperature after mixing, take out in the cold water injecting 0 DEG C～10 DEG C immediately, respectively arrive purity after cooling and reach the thick silver bullion of more than 90%.
Biological restoration absorbs mainly by plant (microorganism), volatilizees, degrades, stabilizing heavy metal, Organic substance or radioelement, reaches to purify the purpose of soil or water body.
From heavy metal pollution district, hot area collect rehabilitation plant, be generally off-site from proportion of crop planting district, resident living area and drinking water source district when focusing on, typically at least more than 1 kilometer.
Advantages of the present invention
1, cost is low, utilizes natural plants, by learning Traditional Agricultural industry implantation methods.Technology is relatively easy, wide adaptability, it is possible to large area is implemented.
2, the soil crossed through phytoremediation, the content of organic matter and soil fertility can be improved, and can plant other plant without after-treatment, meet the requirement of sustainable development.
3, environmental perturbation is few, not destroying, the basis of ecological environment carries out in-situ immobilization, do not cause secondary pollution, there is the effect beautified the environment.
4, insolubility water body organism can be degraded to dissolved organic matter, nitrogenous in decomposition water, phosphorus-containing matter, it is achieved water nutrition balances, and improves water body self-purification ability.
5, phytoremediation water body can suppress growth and the breeding of cyanophyceae and the strong mushroom of other oxygen consumptions and algae, increases the dissolved oxygen amount in water, improves hydrobiological survival rate
6, environment is had purification and beautification function by plant itself, and phytoremediation is easily received by society.
7, from rich in the plant of heavy metal reclaims precious metal, direct economic benefit can be obtained.
Specific embodiment
The following detailed description of currently preferred technical scheme, but the invention is not restricted to the embodiment provided.
Embodiment 1-artificial floating island repairs eutrophication water
1, with the chinampa unit housing of bamboo stem, trunk composition arbitrary shape (such as triangle, quadrangle, pentagon, hexagon), unit housing junction, chinampa biodegradable fiber (such as palm rope, the rope made of hemp, the thickness bamboo cane less than 3mm) is fixed.
2, weaving into net with biodegradable fiber (such as palm rope, the rope made of hemp, the thickness bamboo cane less than 3mm) in housing, biodegradable fiber net is connected with housing.
3, in biodegradable fiber net, fill the phragmites communis bundle, the straw bundle that anyhow interlock, thickness 10cm～100cm；First with phragmites communis, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, phragmites communis bundle, straw bundle are connected with each other, then phragmites communis bundle, straw bundle are connected with biodegradable fiber net.
4, tie in phragmites communis, straw bundle spreads 5cm～20cm earth.
5, chinampa plant seedling is cultivated, when seedling reaches 5cm transplanting carried out above.
Phragmites communis asexual propagation: when surface air temperature is stablized more than 5 DEG C, take phragmites communis root stock from phragmites communis soil, be cut into 20cm～30cm length one section, at least 2 joints above (content 2 joint), to improve axillary bud sprouting rate.By 30～50cm × 30～50cm excavation kind plant hole, after the phragmites communis root stock cut is put into kind of plant hole, earthing 2cm～5cm is thick.Conserve water and soil after plantation humidity, benign climate, and 15d～30d seedling can grow into more than 5cm.Balled transplanting, suitably shades after transplanting, and survival rate is up to more than 95%.
Arundo donax asexual propagation: gather Arundo donax linn stem stalk between April to August, be cut into 20cm～30cm length one section, cutting at least 2 joint above (content 2 joint), to improve axillary bud sprouting rate.Cutting, with adopting with cutting with inserting, inserts in ready seedbed by seeding row spacing 20～30cm × 20～30cm, suitably shelters from heat or light and keep ground moistening, and after 25d, cutting sprouts tender and plumelet.The balled transplanting when seedling reaches more than 5cm, suitably shades after transplanting, keeps ground moistening, and survival rate is up to more than 95%.
Herba Typhae division propagation: between March to May, when surface air temperature is stablized more than 10 DEG C, digs out Herba Typhae together with subterraneous stem, is divided into individual plant, and every strain, with one section of rhizome or fibrous root, selects shoal by seeding row spacing 30～50cm × 30～50cm plantation, and every cave plants 1 strain.
Herba Lythri Salicariae cottage propagation: grow animated period in Herba Lythri Salicariae, before blooming, growth selection is healthy and strong, top branch without pest and disease damage, long 10cm～the 20cm of clip twig, lower clip, from bud 0.5cm～2cm, removes the leaf of bottom 1/3rd, by seeding row spacing 20～30cm × 20～30cm, deep 3cm～8cm inserts in paddy field, keeping paddy field interior edema deep 2cm～5cm, 7d～10d to take root, 15d～30d seedling can grow into more than 5cm.Balled transplanting, suitably shades after transplanting, keeps ground moistening, and survival rate is up to more than 95%.
Phyllostachys congesta cottage propagation: at the long animated period of Phyllostachys congesta, under the umbrella bract of stem top, 5cm～10cm cuts, bract tip is cut off, bract tip is cut off, is trimmed to the leaf dish of diameter 8cm～10cm, by seeding row spacing 10～20cm × 10～20cm, umbrella bract is inserted equipped with in seedbed, making leaf dish be close to seedbed sandy soil, suitably shelter from heat or light and keep soil air and earth to moisten, after 20d, Phyllostachys congesta is taken root long sprouting.When seedling to more than 5cm.Balled transplanting, suitably shades after transplanting, keeps ground moistening, and survival rate is up to more than 95%.
Papyrus division propagation: between March to May, when surface air temperature is stablized more than 10 DEG C, digs out papyrus together with subterraneous stem, is divided into individual plant, and every strain is with one section of root, and by seeding row spacing 20～30cm × 20～30cm plantation, every cave plants 1 strain.Keep water level to be formed after more than 10cm, 20d and newly have plant.Balled transplanting, suitably shades after transplanting, keeps ground moistening, and survival rate is up to more than 95%.
6, seeding row spacing presses 20cm～50cm × 20cm～50cm, by phragmites communis, Arundo donax, Herba Typhae, Herba Lythri Salicariae, Phyllostachys congesta, the little transplantation of seedlings of papyrus in the unit of chinampa, it is preferable that miscegenation.
7, dispose predetermined waters on chinampa, multiple fixing anchor, spud pile are set.
8, multiple chinampas unit biodegradable fiber is connected, suitably loosen the gap between the unit of chinampa, in order to alleviate external force and to the impact of chinampa unit and regulate water level.
9, with rope, chinampa is connected with multiple fixing anchors, spud pile, suitably loosens connection rope to regulate water level.
10, harm phragmites communis, Arundo donax, Herba Typhae, Herba Lythri Salicariae, Phyllostachys congesta, papyrus primary pest be aphid, spray with the spraying of 500～800 times of liquid of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder or 800～1000 times of liquid of 40% omethoate when insect pest occurs.
11, after entering autumn, when a large amount of withering occur in phragmites communis, Arundo donax, Herba Typhae, Herba Lythri Salicariae, Phyllostachys congesta, papyrus, aerial parts plant is gathered in the crops.
12, when phragmites communis bundle, straw bundle appearance are decomposed in a large number in chinampa, disembarkation is salvaged on chinampa, after clearing out of bamboo stem, trunk and needing the chinampa plant continuing to cultivate, make compost.
Embodiment 2-stable breeding floating plant repairing heavy metal pollution water body
1, the floating plant growth housing of bamboo stem, trunk, pvc pipe, floating thing, rope composition arbitrary shape is used.
2, grow predetermined waters floating plant, multiple fixing anchor, spud pile are set.
3, with rope, iron wire, floating plant is grown housing to be connected with multiple fixing anchors, spud pile, suitably loosen connection rope, iron wire length to regulate water level.
4, when temperature is stablized more than 15 DEG C, frogbit, swamp cabbage, Herba Eichhorniae are thrown in floating plant growth housing.
5, when frogbit, swamp cabbage, Herba Eichhorniae cover with floating plant growth housing, salvage 1/2～2/3 frogbit, swamp cabbage, Herba Eichhorniae；In the growth busy season, salvage once every 20d～30d.
6, the frogbit of salvaging disembarkation, swamp cabbage, Herba Eichhorniae need to focus on, comprehensive utilization, it is prevented that heavy metal secondary pollution.
Embodiment 3-Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass mix up reparation cadmium, Grown In Zinc Contaminated Soil
1, by the Soil tillage one time by cadmium, zinc pollution, ploughed depth 20cm～30cm before sowing, remove the foreign material such as the brick in soil, stone, branch, plastics, and table soil is raked；When soil stickiness is stronger, in conjunction with addition fine sand of turning over, to improve the aeration of soil；During soil depletion, in conjunction with the every mu of organic fertilizer 500kg～1000kg or compound fertilizer 80kg～100kg that turns over.
2, warm area spring, summer, the autumn all can be broadcast, and sowing in spring suitable 4～May in High-cold regions, the Changjiang river areas to the south is suitable for autumn sowing in 9～October.
3, when Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass mix up, by every mu of tall fescue seed 30kg～35kg, annual bluegrass seed 5kg～10kg mixing.
4, before sowing every mu execute thin liquid dung 2000kg～3000kg and keep ground moistening, sowing bonnet 0.5cm～2cm one layer of thin sand and soil of thickness.
5, keep ground moistening, within after planting 7d～10d days, can germinate, suitably reduce sprinkling irrigation number of times after germination, be beneficial to seedling and take root.
6, as more than height of seedling 5cm, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 50kg～100kg rapeseed cake granule pulverized.
7, Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass disease resistance are relatively strong, and disease is less；In the summer that south is damp and hot, spray 800～1000 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder or 400～600 times of liquid of 40% phosethyl-Al wettable powder, spray once every 10d～15d, spray the generation of 2-3 pre-disease prevention altogether.
8, just can gather in as Festuca Arundinacea, annual bluegrass more than height of seedling 10cm, preferred rotary cutter type grass mower during harvesting, first by grass mower, Festuca Arundinacea, the precocious seedlings of cereal crops be cut off, then with harrow, the Seedling cut off is collected.
9, the Festuca Arundinacea of harvesting, annual bluegrass transport cadmium, zinc pollution soil in time, focus on, comprehensive utilization, it is prevented that heavy metal secondary pollution.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) contaminated soil is repaired in embodiment 4-alfalfa, Itanlian rye catch cropping
1, by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated Soil tillage one time, ploughed depth 20cm～30cm, soil surrounding excavation gutter, it is prevented that hydrops before sowing；Remove the foreign material such as the brick in soil, stone, branch, plastics, and table soil is raked；In conjunction with the every mu of organic fertilizer 500kg～800kg or carbamide 10kg～15kg that turns over, calcium superphosphate 50kg～80kg is as base manure.
2, China the Changjiang river areas to the south, autumn sowing after suitable October；North China and northwest are suitable for sowing in spring the 4-5 month；Broadcast in the last week, seed is placed under the sun and shines 2～3 days, improve germination percentage.
3, alfalfa, Itanlian rye catch cropping time adopt drilling, broadcast alfalfa seed 0.5kg～0.6kg, Itanlian rye seed 0.8kg～1.0kg for every mu.
4, after planting cover the thick one layer of fine earth of 3cm～5cm, after germination, execute thin liquid dung 1000kg～1500kg for every mu, keep ground moistening.
5, alfalfa, Itanlian rye seedling growth are slow, weeding in time；Water in time when seedling stage and trophophase sky drought.
6, alfalfa prevents downy mildew or 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 500 times of liquid spraying anti-smelting rust, leaf spots with 500～600 times of liquid sprayings of 58% metalaxyl manganese-zinc wettable powder；Itanlian rye 2.5% decis wettable powder 1000～1500 times of the liquid anti-smelting mythimna separatas of spraying, snout moths larva harm.
7, namely alfalfa plant height 30cm～40cm can gather in, and cutting the height for the stubble left must not lower than 5cm, in order to avoid impact regeneration, later 30d～40d gathers in once；Namely Itanlian rye plant height 40cm～50cm can gather in, and first time harvesting suitably ahead of time, can promote tiller, the yield of several batches after increase；The first time harvesting height for the stubble left must not lower than 5cm, in order to avoid impact regeneration, later 20d～30d gathers in once.
8, the alfalfa of harvesting, Itanlian rye transport polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) contaminated land in time, focus on, comprehensive utilization, it is prevented that PAH secondary pollution.
Embodiment 5-extracts from silver-containing waste water rehabilitation plant and reclaims silver
1, in silver-containing waste water, disembarkation will be salvaged by growing plants (such as Herba Eichhorniae, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Herba Spirodelae, Brown algae, thorn Herba vallisneriae Spiralis etc.), after naturally drying, burn till cinder in atmosphere.
2, the cinder after burning is put in high temperature furnace, and at 500～600 DEG C, constant temperature 15h～20h is ashing into white or brown ceramic powder completely.
High temperature furnace is existing commercially available, existing tens of the factories in the whole nation produce, such as the GP.BF series box-type high-temperature furnace that Shanghai Gui Er plant equipment company limited produces, the bell jar electric furnace that Luoyang Lu Wei kiln company limited produces, the GSL-2000X-25 high temperature process furnances that Hefei Ke Jing Materials Technology Ltd. produces, the box heat treatment furnace that Wuhan Jiahua Furnace Industry Co., Ltd. produces, the 04DC-DB125 type bilayer high temperature furnace that Beijing original creation Science and Technology Ltd. produces, the high-temperature energy-conservation stove that Luoyang China rising sun rel electric furnace company limited produces, the lift high temperature furnace that Shanghai Guang Shu electromechanics company limited produces.
3, the plant powder of complete ashing is added by weight 1:2 in the salpeter solution of 10%, soak 8h～12h；Silver in soak generates silver nitrate with nitric acid reaction.
4, adding the ammonia of 20% in soak, pH value is adjusted to 10～11, the silver in soak and ammonia generate silver ammonia complexing ion.
5, extract leachate, filter after being heated to 45～50 DEG C, remove residue；Filtrate continues maintenance 45～50 DEG C, is evaporated completely by ammonia.
6, taking, after evaporation, the hydrochloric acid adding 15%～20% in leachate, hydrochloric acid is 1:10 with taking leachate volume ratio, raw milky silver chloride sediment.
7, lean for upper strata silver clear liquid is poured out, leaching silver chloride sediment, be washed till neutrality with distilled water；
8, silver chloride sediment is placed in baking oven, at 100 DEG C～110 DEG C temperature, dry 2h～4h.
9, by dried silver chloride add mass ratio be 15～20% natrium carbonicum calcinatum, 10～12% Boraxs and 8～10% particulate slightly silver-colored, after keeping 30～60min at 1000 DEG C～1100 DEG C temperature after mixing, take out in the cold water injecting 0 DEG C～10 DEG C immediately, after cooling, obtain the thick silver bullion of purity more than 90%.
Claims (1)
1., by the method for biological restoration water body with soil and comprehensive utilization of resources, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) silver-containing waste water region bamboo stem, trunk, pvc pipe, floating thing, rope composition arbitrary shape floating plant growth housing；
(2) grow predetermined waters floating plant, fixing anchor, spud pile are set；
(3) with rope, iron wire, floating plant is grown housing to be connected with fixing anchor, spud pile, suitably loosen connection rope length to regulate water level；
(4) when temperature is stablized more than 15 DEG C, Herba Eichhorniae is thrown in floating plant growth housing；
(5) when Herba Eichhorniae covers with floating plant growth housing, salvage the Herba Eichhorniae of 1/2～2/3；In the growth busy season, salvage once every 20d～30d；
(6) by salvaging the Herba Eichhorniae of disembarkation, cinder after naturally drying, is burnt till in atmosphere；
(7) cinder after burning is put in high temperature furnace, and at 500～600 DEG C, constant temperature 15h～20h is ashing into white or brown ceramic powder completely；
(8) plant powder of complete ashing is added by weight 1:2 in the salpeter solution of 10%, soak 8h～12h；
(9) adding the ammonia of 20% in soak, pH value is adjusted to 10～11, the silver in soak and ammonia generate silver ammonia complexing ion；
(10) extract leachate, filter after being heated to 45～50 DEG C, remove residue；Filtrate continues maintenance 45～50 DEG C, is evaporated completely by ammonia；
(11) adding the hydrochloric acid of 15%～20% in filtrate, hydrochloric acid and filtrate volume ratio for 1:10, generates milky silver chloride sediment；
(12) lean for upper strata silver clear liquid is poured out, leaching silver chloride sediment, be washed till neutrality with distilled water；
(13) silver chloride sediment is placed in baking oven, at 100 DEG C～110 DEG C temperature, dry 2h～4h；
(14) by dried silver chloride add mass ratio be 15%～20% natrium carbonicum calcinatum, 10%～12% Borax and 8%～10% particulate slightly silver-colored, after keeping 30min～60min at 1000 DEG C～1100 DEG C temperature after mixing, take out in the cold water injecting 0 DEG C～10 DEG C immediately, after cooling, obtain the thick silver bullion of purity more than 90%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410031538.9A CN103736721B (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2014-01-23 | Method by biological restoration water body with soil and comprehensive utilization of resources |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410031538.9A CN103736721B (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2014-01-23 | Method by biological restoration water body with soil and comprehensive utilization of resources |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103736721A CN103736721A (en) | 2014-04-23 |
| CN103736721B true CN103736721B (en) | 2016-07-13 |
Family
ID=50493828
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410031538.9A Active CN103736721B (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2014-01-23 | Method by biological restoration water body with soil and comprehensive utilization of resources |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103736721B (en) |
Families Citing this family (62)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103962369B (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2016-01-20 | 中南林业科技大学 | A kind of method utilizing energy-source plant configuration mode restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal |
| CN105013807A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-04 | 深圳市华晋源商务服务有限公司 | Method for improving heavy metal contaminated soil |
| CN103964957B (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2016-08-17 | 贵州大学 | Dry discharge fly ash container yard vegetation recovers compound improvement substrate and using method thereof |
| CN104148378A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2014-11-19 | 四川农业大学 | Method for repairing cadmium-pollution farmland soil |
| CN104229998B (en) * | 2014-09-03 | 2016-08-24 | 浙江伟达园林工程有限公司 | Natural style is biological floating bed and method of construction |
| CN104174642B (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-12-30 | 黑龙江省科学院大庆分院 | Chinese fiber crops are utilized to repair the method for petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil |
| CN104226679B (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-06-29 | 景德镇陶瓷大学 | A kind of method using antimicrobial plant combine d bioremediation manufactured coal gas plant contaminated soil |
| CN104326565B (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-06-01 | 高军侠 | A kind of method utilizing waterplant water lily to repair zinc pollution water body |
| CN104324934B (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2016-06-01 | 东莞市环境科学研究所 | A kind of ecological restoration device and method electroplating discarded ground contamination soil |
| CN104475437A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-04-01 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Application of melastoma dodecandrum in remediation of lead-polluted soil |
| CN104396552B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2017-01-04 | 仲恺农业工程学院 | Process for repairing rare earth mining area soil by using hypericum japonicum as pioneer plant |
| CN104907330B (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2017-06-30 | 北京丰泽绿源环境技术有限公司 | A kind of biology in situ renovation method of nitro compound contaminated soil |
| CN104871850A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-02 | 上海交通大学 | Method for improving repairing efficiency of heavy metal polluted plants |
| CN105057328A (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2015-11-18 | 惠州市东江园林工程有限公司 | Heavy-metal soil remediation method for mine |
| CN105248073A (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2016-01-20 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Cutting propagation method of Zoysia matrella |
| CN105238730B (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2018-07-03 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of pseudomonad and its biological agent and preparation method and application |
| CN105238729B (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2018-07-03 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of anthropi and its biological agent and preparation method and application |
| CN105532226A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-05-04 | 杭州爱立特生态环境科技有限公司 | Pistia stratiotes culture method and method for monitoring lead exceeding by adopting Pistia stratiotes |
| CN105478459A (en) * | 2015-12-26 | 2016-04-13 | 南昌工程学院 | Method for treating petroleum-lead-cadmium combined polluted soil |
| CN107381819A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2017-11-24 | 甘肃德福生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method of the chlorella sewage heavy metal biological comprehensive regulation |
| CN106234263A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-21 | 桐城市牯牛背农业开发有限公司 | A kind of method that Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann cultivates with Herba Oenanthes Javanicae stereo ecological |
| CN106180177A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-07 | 赵月 | A kind of method repairing waters heavy metal pollution of soil |
| CN106269825A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-01-04 | 北京新源环境有限公司 | A kind of plant bionic and the method for microbial association repairing polluted soil |
| CN106345796A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-01-25 | 安徽师范大学 | Method for repairing middle/light cadmium-polluted soil by utilizing perennial energy triarrhena sacchariflora and application thereof |
| CN106688780A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-24 | 黄春柳 | Method for interplanting of stephania epigaea and indocalamus longiauritus through pteroceltis tatarinowii in limestone soil |
| CN106517533A (en) * | 2016-12-31 | 2017-03-22 | 许伟琦 | Multi-field sewage treatment and soil and slag remediation integrated ecological system, method, remediation agent and treatment agent |
| TWI605856B (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-11-21 | Method of removing heavy metals from soil | |
| CN106694535A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-05-24 | 北京丰泽绿源环境技术有限公司 | Remediation technology and process for heavy metal and organic matter composite contaminated soil |
| CN106825008A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-06-13 | 兰州大学 | The elm in the calcareous farmland of heavy metal cadmium serious pollution fixes restorative procedure |
| CN107052041B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2020-11-10 | 杜道林 | Method for efficiently restoring polluted wetland by utilizing artificial ecosystem |
| CN106964646B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2020-11-10 | 杜道林 | Method for efficiently restoring soil polluted by complex by using artificial ecosystem |
| CN107138512A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-08 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of method of utilization mineralized waste fortification of plants remedying oil-polluted soils |
| CN110012785A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2019-07-16 | 雷学军 | The method that dynamic carbon and quiet carbon mutually convert |
| CN107470337A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-15 | 湖南匡楚科技有限公司 | A kind of method using plant soil restoration |
| CN107695087A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-16 | 福州清河源环保科技有限公司 | A kind of method of restoration of the ecosystem heavy-metal contaminated soil |
| CN108002359A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-05-08 | 复旦大学 | A kind of method of hydrothermal liquefaction recycling heavy metal pollution rehabilitation plant |
| CN107821021B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-12-13 | 广西壮族自治区畜牧研究所 | interplanting method of Cassia alata and white clover |
| CN107931319A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-04-20 | 湖北文理学院 | The plant of phthalate ester Polychlorinated biphenyls heavy-metal contaminated soil mixes up restorative procedure |
| CN107971335A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-05-01 | 长春黄金研究院 | A kind of method of gold industry cyanogen slag phytoremediation |
| CN108555006A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-09-21 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of method that NTA cooperations shrub species repairs drought-hit area basic soil lead contamination |
| CN108636998A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-10-12 | 中南民族大学 | A method of utilizing No. five reparation manganese ore area heavy metal pollution meta-alkalescence soil of Festuca Arundinacea hunting dog |
| CN108941174A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2018-12-07 | 常州大学 | A kind of solid waste dismantling contaminated soil remediation device |
| CN109092872B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-07-31 | 河北省科学院生物研究所 | Ecological cycle method for remedying antibiotic pollution in soil |
| CN108817079A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-16 | 湖南永清环保研究院有限责任公司 | A method of utilizing S.plumbizincicola-Snakegourd Fruit remediating heavy metal cadmium pollution soil |
| CN109226219A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-01-18 | 常州大学 | A kind of method that nitrogenous fertilizer strengthens alternanthera philoxeroides cadmium pollution soil repair |
| CN109433819B (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-09-10 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | A kind of cadmium pollution paddy field ramie restorative procedure |
| CN109618582A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-04-16 | 中冶南方都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | A kind of method that mild or moderate cadmium pollution soil is produced when repairing |
| CN109821886A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-05-31 | 广州草木蕃环境科技有限公司 | A kind of plant restoration method of Tailings Dam |
| CN109604320A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-12 | 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 | A kind of work-crop rotation restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal method between energy-source plant |
| CN109912039A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-21 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of screening technique of the hygrophyte of restoring cadmium polluted water body |
| CN110026423A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-19 | 东盛生态科技股份有限公司 | The administering method in salt-soda soil after a kind of chemical industry and domestic water pollution |
| CN110479758A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-11-22 | 江苏大学 | A kind of ecological method handling nitrate pollution under different niches using amphibious plant Alternanthera philoxeroides |
| CN110523768B (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-01-05 | 湖南恒凯环保科技投资有限公司 | Phytoremediation method for pentachlorophenol polluted soil |
| CN110576036A (en) * | 2019-09-08 | 2019-12-17 | 贵州省分析测试研究院 | Plant planting and repairing method for lead-zinc contaminated soil |
| CN110745955A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-02-04 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Ecological water level control method for shallow lake in plain |
| CN111069272A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-28 | 广东东图规划科技有限公司 | Method for repairing soil pollution |
| CN111229824B (en) * | 2020-01-18 | 2021-09-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for restoring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon polluted soil by rush |
| CN111672901B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-04-22 | 三峡大学 | Method for repairing lead contaminated soil by using alternanthera philoxeroides |
| CN111919535B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-08-05 | 福建农林大学 | Method for improving yellow river sleeve salinized land by planting mushroom grass by utilizing mushroom bran as resource |
| CN112692050A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-23 | 中节能大地（杭州）环境修复有限公司 | Plant-microorganism combined remediation method for moderate and light lindane-cadmium combined polluted farmland |
| CN113860478A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2021-12-31 | 南华大学 | Method for removing uranium and manganese in wastewater by using micro-electric field enhanced artificial wetland |
| CN114223609B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-09-15 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | System and method for treating fishpond tail water by combining paddy field with artificial wetland |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101116864A (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2008-02-06 | 浙江大学 | Method for restoring vegetation system the soil of which is in combined pollution of vestalium, zinc, plumbi and cuprum |
| CN101372016A (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2009-02-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Plant repair method for treating soil having combined pollution of arsenic, lead and cadmium |
| CN101693252A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-04-14 | 四川农业大学 | Application of siegesbeckia herb in remediation of soil contaminated with heavy metal cadmium |
| CN102671930A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-09-19 | 四川农业大学 | Application of eucalyptus grandis in remediation for soil polluted by heavy metal of cadmium |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008296181A (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2008-12-11 | Kansai Electric Power Co Inc:The | Purification method of harmful heavy metal polluted medium |
-
2014
- 2014-01-23 CN CN201410031538.9A patent/CN103736721B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101116864A (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2008-02-06 | 浙江大学 | Method for restoring vegetation system the soil of which is in combined pollution of vestalium, zinc, plumbi and cuprum |
| CN101372016A (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2009-02-25 | 昆明理工大学 | Plant repair method for treating soil having combined pollution of arsenic, lead and cadmium |
| CN101693252A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2010-04-14 | 四川农业大学 | Application of siegesbeckia herb in remediation of soil contaminated with heavy metal cadmium |
| CN102671930A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-09-19 | 四川农业大学 | Application of eucalyptus grandis in remediation for soil polluted by heavy metal of cadmium |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103736721A (en) | 2014-04-23 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103736721B (en) | Method by biological restoration water body with soil and comprehensive utilization of resources | |
| CN104289504B (en) | A kind of method for comprehensive repairing of heavy-metal contaminated soil | |
| CN104289506B (en) | Cadmium, zinc, lead, copper ion contaminated soil biological renovation method | |
| CN102553904B (en) | Bioremediation method for soil polluted by heavy metals | |
| CN100518970C (en) | Renovation method for plant in soil of zinc-cadmium combined pollution | |
| CN101073311B (en) | Method for treating heavy metals in living garbage by using crop stalks and lawn plants | |
| CN100427227C (en) | Plant restoration method for lead pollution of soil | |
| CN108114977A (en) | It is a kind of to utilize super enriching plant and the method in the quick restoring cadmium polluted arable land of energy-source plant crop rotation plantation | |
| CN107303585A (en) | The method of three-dimensional pattern repairing heavy metal in soil pollution | |
| CN104289509B (en) | The method of biological restoration heavy-metal contaminated soil | |
| CN105945047A (en) | Comprehensive remediation method for soil polluted by heavy metals and application of comprehensive remediation method | |
| CN104529668A (en) | Metal mine soil conditioner, and mine ecological remediation method using metal mine soil conditioner. | |
| CN104307856A (en) | Animal-plant comprehensive utilization and restoration method of heavy-metal polluted soil | |
| CN107159694A (en) | A kind of heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure | |
| CN104025863B (en) | Use the method that super enriching plant improves Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae chrysanthemum cadmium pollution soil repair ability | |
| CN102513338A (en) | Method for restoring copper-polluted soil by plants | |
| Wani et al. | Salix: A viable option for phytoremediation | |
| KR20180079227A (en) | Method for purifying heavy metal contaminated soil | |
| CN104289508B (en) | The biological renovation method of heavy-metal contaminated soil | |
| CN104025864B (en) | Use the method that enriching plant improves shepherd's purse reparation orchard cadmium pollution soil ability | |
| CN105080950A (en) | Biological combined remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil in acid diggings | |
| CN104759455A (en) | Applications of perennial herb hydrocotyle sibthorpioides in enrichment and extraction of cadmium and other heavy metals in polluted soil | |
| CN102580990A (en) | Method for restoration of high-concentration uranium-polluted soil by water spinach | |
| CN105665439A (en) | Practical method for farmland soil cadmium pollution remediationby planting Salix jiangsuensis J795 | |
| CN106914480A (en) | A kind of method for combining green plants restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20171207 Address after: 410000 new Century Towers, No. 198, two section of Furong Middle Road in Tianxin District, Changsha, Hunan Province, 9007 Patentee after: Hunan green heart Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 410117, No. 708, Zhongyi Road, Yuhua District, Hunan, Changsha Patentee before: Lei Xuejun |