CN103734549A - Large-grain milk replacer and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Large-grain milk replacer and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-grain milk replacer of which the grain diameter is 10-15 mm and a preparing method thereof and belongs to the technical field of feed processing. In particular, fermented bean pulps, and high-temperature amylase and a culture thereof are added to the large-grain milk replacer, the fermented bean pulps are prepared through the fermentation of a mixed bacterial solution of bacillus subtilis CICC10063 and bacillus subtilis CGMCC No.7926, and the high-temperature amylase is prepared through the fermentation of the bacillus subtilis CGMCC No.7926. The scientific and reasonable formula of the feed not only can meet the nutritional requirements of piglets, but also can enhance the palatability of the feed. Pre-treatment is carried out on account of the respective characteristics of the raw materials, not only are the digestion and absorption rates increased, and anti-nutritional factors are also reduced. The addition of the exogenous high-temperature amylase and beneficial bacteria is favorable to promoting the rapid growth of sucking pigs in ablactation early periods, and can reduce harmful effects which are produced by undigested chyme at the far end of intestines.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to feed processing technology field, relate to particularly a kind of bulky grain creep feed and preparation method thereof.
Background technology:
Weanling pig feed becomes solid feed from liquid milk, and living environment is by relying on parent to independent existence, if raise improperly, will cause piglet dysphoria, the stagnation of losing the appetite, grow, form cad pig, even ill and dead.Optimum Weaning Age is 28～35 days, and the training that should start ahead of time to search for food makes the piglet feed of well searching for food, and is conducive to Piglet Development.
The principal element that affects Production Performance of Weaning Pigs is because source of nutrition after wean has become solid feed completely by breast milk, the butterfat that can digest and assimilate completely, albumen in breast milk are replaced by cereal starch, vegetable protein, and also contain a certain amount of crude fibre in feed.Inadaptable the cause grice diarrhoea of piglet to feed, and grice diarrhoea is one of weanling pig main causes of death, the nutritional need that therefore meets weanling pig is very important to improving pig farm economic benefit.The feed shape of weanling pig has a variety of, comprises mash feed, pellet, expanded pellet diet, biological feedstuff and atherosclerotic feed etc.China's feed only has powder time at the early-stage; After granulating process is introduced China, particularly the mid-80 pellet has obtained swift and violent development in China; Recent years, expanded pellet diet development was very fast; Also there is at present atherosclerotic material.And extensive use remain particulate material, general particle diameter 2.0-3.0mm.
Some researcher's thinking, the mankind play conventionally to the large toy of child that just walked, is piggy just only given the pellet of 2mm diameter so, is that they are favorite? some researcher finds that piggy in the wild of existence likes acorn or corn, and their diameter is between 10-15mm.Does is how large diameter pellet suitable piglet in mankind's breeding environment? can obtain liking of they, mean better and search for food, also concern raiser's interests, therefore cause gradually people's attention.
On the other hand, fermentation technique is also more and more extensive in the application of feedstuff industry, publication number is the preparation method that the preparation method > > of the Chinese invention patent < < mono-boar high-moisture fermented granular feed of 102178093A discloses boar high-moisture fermented granular feed, by corn, fermentation protein feedstuff composition, each material composition is incorporated as by weight percentage: 65%-70% corn and 30-35% fermentation protein feedstuff, first utilize composite bacteria liquid fermented bean dregs, wheat bran, vinasse protein feed makes fermentation protein feedstuff, after fermentation protein feedstuff and corn are mixed and are made.Prepared pellet is convenient to storage, packing, transportation; Because pellet density is large, volume reduces, and nutrient concentration is high, thereby makes the also corresponding increase of feed intake of animal; Utilize composite flora fermented bean dregs, wheat bran can increase the generation of crude protein content and profitable strain in feed, improve profitable strain in enteron aisle, reduce the generation of disease, improve the physicochemical property of some nutritional labeling in feed, improve to a certain extent digestibility and utilization of nutrients.Publication number is that Chinese invention patent < < disclosed granulated creep feed for sucking pig percentage by weight of granulated creep feed for sucking pig > > of 102524571A is composed as follows: popcorn 15-30%, steam-flaked corn 24-30%, super steam fish meal 3-8%, swelling soya dreg 3-8%, whey powder 3-10%, expanded full-fat bean 5-10%, fermented bean dregs 8-13%, goldbeater's skin albumen 1-5%, SDPP 1-5%, methionine 0.1-0.3%, lysine 0.3-0.5%, tryptophan 0.01-0.03%, threonine 0.1-0.2%, molten seedling enzyme 0.01-0.03%, sodium butyrate 0.1-0.2%, NAC 0.01-0.03%, compound premix 8-10%.Its advantage is: nutriment comprehensive and abundant, good palatability, feed intake is large, digestibility is high, give full play to sucking pig growth potential, improved economic benefit, can effectively reduce in addition the immunologic function inconvenience that sucking pig ablactation stress causes, the problems such as easy diarrhoea, diarrhea, growthing lag.
Foregoing invention all has its distinctive feature, but still there is defect in various degree at aspects such as trophic component, particle diameter, dregs of beans preparation method, feed producing methods, exploitation is for piglet nutritional need, hobby, nutrition more comprehensively, more reasonable, easily digestion, absorption, can strengthen piglet physique, improve resistance, and the weanling pig creep feed of good palatability be still Feed Manufacturing producer and numerous raisers' active demand.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention, take the piglet of 7 ages in days-wean latter 14 days as research object, uses high-grade piglet religion groove pellet, and feed granules diameter is 10-15mm.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of bulky grain creep feed, comprises that the raw material of following parts by weight forms:
Hulled corn 31-40, expanded soybean 5-12, flour 6-10, millet 1-3, super steam fish meal 3-5, dehulled soybean meal 3-5, yeast extract 1-3, fermented bean dregs 4-6, egg powder 2-5, milk powder 3-6, lactose 4-8, glucose 2-3, white sugar 1-3, acidulant 3-5, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4-0.5, amino acid 0.2-0.5, high temperature proteinase-10 .01-0.03, alpha-amylase and culture 1-2 thereof, B B-complex 0.04-0.06, composite trace element 0.2-0.6.
Described amino acid masses ratio is: Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Darg:Dval:Dtyr:Dile=100:38:65:21:70: 55:30:45.
Described B B-complex composition is: retinol1-2 part, vitamin(e) D1-2 part, vitamin e1-3 part, Cobastab
10.1-0.3 part, Cobastab
20.1-0.2 part, Cobastab
60.1-0.5 part.
Described composite trace element consists of: ferrous sulfate 2-4 part, manganese sulfate 1-2 part, zinc oxide 1-2 part, basic copper chloride 1-3 part, sodium selenite 0.1-0.2 part, calcium iodate 0.5-1 part.
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
Dregs of beans is pulverized to obtain to dregs of beans powder, by bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 10:1-2 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 4-7 times of water gaging and control temperature to 40-60 ℃, add acid protease and AMS, enzymolysis 3h, makes the pH value of mixture be controlled at 5.5-6.5 in enzymolysis process, then in 110-121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 15-20min;
In above-mentioned enzymolysis product, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 4-8%, temperature 25-30 ℃, and under the condition that pH value is 5-7, the dry fermented bean dregs powder that obtains after cultivation 30-40h.
Described acid protease addition is the 0.2-1% of dregs of beans powder quality, and AMS is the 0.01-0.05% of dregs of beans powder quality;
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) bacterial classification is respectively CICC10063 and CGMCC No.7926; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CGMCC No.7926 seed liquor is 4:1.
Alpha-amylase and culture preparation method thereof:
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) Li-2013-02, preserving number is CGMCC No.7926.Through fermented and cultured, obtain zymotic fluid, after zymotic fluid centrifugation, washing of precipitate postlyophilization prepares bacillus subtilis microbial agent, and supernatant is through the dry AMS that obtains of separating and filtering, and both become alpha-amylase and culture thereof after mixing.
Described fermentation medium mass percent composition: corn flour 5%-15%, beancake powder 4%-10%, (NH
4)
2sO
40.4%, K
2hPO
40.8%, CaCl
20.2%, surplus is water.
Described high-temperature resistant alpha-amylase, its zymologic property is as follows:
(1) this enzyme temperature accommodation is wider, and optimum temperature is between 100-110 ℃, and 110 ℃ of following preserve, temperature stability is better, and it is poor more than 110 ℃ to preserve long-time temperature stability.
(2) this enzyme optimal reaction pH value is 4.2.Between pH value 3.0-7.0, all having high enzyme vigor, is 3.0 o'clock enzyme complete stabilities alive in pH value.
(3) enzymatic activity: by mutant strain Li-2013-02 provided by the present invention, the high temperature resistant AMS enzyme activity of preparation is 30000-35000U/ml.
Described bulky grain creep feed, particle diameter 10～15mm, ring mould compression ratio 1:4～1:6;
Described bulky grain creep feed, for the piglet of 7 ages in days～wean latter 14 days.
Described bulky grain creep feed preparation method is as follows: first hulled corn and dehulled soybean meal are first mixed and carry out slaking, modified 1-2 minutes, curing temperature 80-85 degree, steam pressure 2kg, then slaking raw material is mixed with other raw material, under 60-70 degree conditions, granulate, ring mould compression ratio is 1:4-1:6, the particulate material of making: diameter 10-15mm; Hardness 1.0-1.5kgf.
Beneficial effect:
1, the creep feed of particle diameter 10～15mm, can avoid feed link to cross the slatted floor on cradling bed, thereby effectively reduces feed waste; Improve attractant, thereby improve feed intake, improve daily gain simultaneously, reduce ablactation stress and the phenomenons such as the negative weightening finish that brings and growth retardation.
2, feed formula is scientific and reasonable, adds super steam fish meal, and freshness is good, and amino acid content is abundant; Be a kind of animal protein raw material of high-quality, there is better freshness, with security; High temperature protease can be in suitable Water Under solution feed plant and animal proteinoid, become peptide and free amino acid, can improve the utilization ratio of animal to protein, promote the absorption of animal to protein in feed, and then promote growing of animal; Yeast extract, egg powder, milk powder, lactose, glucose etc. can meet the nutritional need of piglet, can strengthen again the palatability of feed.
3, for various raw material features, carry out pretreatment, not only improved digestion, absorptivity, and reduced ANFs.In dregs of beans, contain abundant carbohydrate, proteins,vitamins,and minerals, it is the primary raw material that animal feed is conventional, for the weak feature of piglet abilities of digestive and absorption, the present invention adopts bacillus subtilis CGMCC No.7926 and CICC10063 mixed culture fermentation dregs of beans, wherein CGMCC No.7926 has the feature that enzyme activity is high, heat-resisting, acid resistance is strong of producing high temperature resistant AMS.Under higher temperature conditions, this enzyme is refining α-1 of hydrolyzed starch molecule rapidly, 4 glucoside bonds, starch molecule is cut into arbitrarily to short key dextrin different in size and a small amount of low molecular sugar class from inside, amylose and amylopectin all decompose with random form, make starchy material in dregs of beans liquefy rapidly and generate low molecule, be beneficial to absorption, and for the rich bacillus subtilis CICC10063 that produces protease has cleared away obstacle, effectively improved the decomposition efficiency of dregs of beans, the total protein content of fermented bean dregs can reach 56.8%, methionine content can reach 43.56mg/g, lysine content can reach 74.872mg/g.The small peptide component that in fermented bean dregs protein degradation products, molecular weight is less than 1000Da accounts for more than 92%; Before system material, first hulled corn is mixed with dehulled soybean meal and carries out slaking, also can improve digestibility and the palatability of product.
4, adding of exogenous alpha-amylase and beneficial bacterium, helps lend some impetus to the sucking pig Fast Growth of early weaning, and can reduce enteron aisle far-end and do not digest the adverse effect that chyme produces.The dyspeptic content in enteron aisle rear end is the common factor of facilitating that causes the rear diarrhoea of sucking pig wean.
The specific embodiment:
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) Li-2013-02, this bacterial strain is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center on July 15th, 2013 and (is called for short CGMCC, address is: No. 3, No. 1, North Star West Road, Chaoyang District, BeiJing, China city institute), preserving number is CGMCC No.7926.
Described strain characteristic is that the enzyme activity of the high temperature resistant AMS of product is high, heat-resisting, acid resistance is strong.
High temperature resistant AMS enzyme activity prepared by described bacterial strain is 30000-35000u/ml; Applicable temperature scope is 105-115 ℃, and 110 ℃ of optimal reactive temperatures, at 110 ℃ of enzymes complete stability alive; Being suitable for pH value in reaction scope is 3.0-7.0, in pH value, is 3.0 o'clock enzyme complete stabilities alive, and optimal reaction pH value is 4.2.
Described bacterial strain feature is as follows:
Described bacterial strain colony colour on solid plate is milky, and dry tack free is opaque, and neat in edge, for having the aerobic bacteria of motility.Microscopy is elongated rod shape, and Gram's staining is positive.This bacterium can utilize citrate, and nitrate reductase, V-P test into positive.
Described bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) Li-2013-02 is produced high temperature resistant AMS bacillus subtilis Li-2013 by a strain obtains through UV-LiCl-dithyl sulfate Mutation screening, specifically screens step as follows:
(1) preparation of bacteria suspension
By in mono-the Li-2013 growing after plate streaking separates bacterium colony access seed culture medium, 100r/min, cultivates after 12h for 40 ℃, uses physiological saline washed twice after getting 1mL medium centrifugal, and in resuspended and 9mL physiological saline.
(2) UV-LiCl-dithyl sulfate complex mutation
Bacteria suspension is placed in to aseptic flat board, is 30cm in distance, stirs and irradiate 100s under the uviol lamp of power 15w.To after gradient dilution, coat lithium chloride flat board through the bacterium liquid irradiating, and contrast with the bacterium liquid dilution painting flat board without ultraviolet irradiation.Above-mentioned coating is dull and stereotyped uniformly, wrap with cloth or the newspaper of black, put 40 ℃ and cultivate 48h, on the flat board that grows bacterium colony, filtering out hydrolysis circle chooses to inclined-plane and preserves with colony diameter ratio the maximum, after purifying, be mixed with bacteria suspension, after gradient dilution, fully mix with dithyl sulfate stoste, and process 40min in 40 ℃ of concussions, the bacterium liquid of processing is coated to lithium chloride flat board after gradient dilution.
(3) primary dcreening operation of high-yield strains
Above-mentioned coating is dull and stereotyped uniformly, put 40 ℃ and cultivate 48h, on the flat board that grows bacterium colony, primary dcreening operation goes out hydrolysis circle and chooses to inclined-plane and preserve with colony diameter ratio the greater, obtains three strain bacterium Li-2013-01, Li-2013-02, Li-2013-03 after purifying.
(4) shake flask fermentation sieves again
By the three strain bacterium Li-2013-01 that obtain, Li-2013-02, Li-2013-03 carries out shake flask fermentation in the 250mL shaking flask that contains 30mL fermentation medium, seed inoculum concentration 10% (V/V), 40 ℃, 100r/min are cultivated 72h, and centrifuging and taking fermented supernatant fluid makes crude enzyme liquid.
(5) enzyme activity determination
The definition of Mei Huo unit: 1mL crude enzyme liquid, under 105 ℃, pH4.2 condition, 1min liquefaction 1mg soluble starch,
Be 1 enzyme activity unit, with U/mL, represent.
After measured, bacterial strain Li-2013-02, be stable superior strain, and enzyme work reaches 30000U/mL.
Described lithium chloride flat board: starch 1%, peptone 1%, (NH
4)
2sO
40.4%, K
2hPO
40.8%, CaCl
20.2%, lithium chloride 0.9%, agar 2%.
Described seed culture medium: dusty yeast 0.5%, peptone 1%, soluble starch 1%, NaCl1%.
Described fermentation medium: corn flour 5%-15%, beancake powder 4%-10%, (NH
4)
2sO
40.4%, K
2hPO
40.8%, CaCl
20.2%.
Above-mentioned culture medium forms unit: mass percent.
Described shaking flask condition of culture: this bacterium in the 250mL shaking flask that contains 30mL fermentation medium, inoculum concentration 10% (V/V), 100r/min, 40 ℃ of fermented and cultured 72h.
Described high-temperature resistant alpha-amylase, its zymologic property is as follows:
(1) this enzyme temperature accommodation is wider, and optimum temperature is between 100-110 ℃, and 110 ℃ of following preserve, temperature stability is better, and it is poor more than 110 ℃ to preserve long-time temperature stability.
(2) this enzyme optimal reaction pH value is 4.2.Between pH value 3.0-7.0, all having high enzyme vigor, is 3.0 o'clock enzyme complete stabilities alive in pH value.
(3) enzymatic activity: by mutant strain Li-2013-02 provided by the present invention, the high temperature resistant AMS enzyme activity of preparation is 30000-35000U/ml.
Embodiment 1
A kind of bulky grain creep feed, comprises that the raw material of following parts by weight forms:
Hulled corn 35, expanded soybean 9, flour 8, millet 2, super steam fish meal 4, dehulled soybean meal 4, yeast extract 2, fermented bean dregs 5, egg powder 3, milk powder 5, lactose 6, glucose 2, white sugar 1, acidulant 4, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4, amino acid 0.3, high temperature proteinase-10 .02, alpha-amylase and culture 2 thereof, B B-complex 0.05, composite trace element 0.4.
Described amino acid masses ratio is: Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Darg:Dval:Dtyr:Dile=100:38:65:21:70: 55:30:45.
Described B B-complex composition is: retinol1 part, calciferol part, vitamin E2 part, Cobastab
10.2 part, Cobastab
20.1 part, Cobastab
60.3 part.
Described composite trace element consists of: 3 parts, ferrous sulfate, 1 part of manganese sulfate, 1 part, zinc oxide, 1 part of basic copper chloride, 0.15 part of sodium selenite, 0.8 part of calcium iodate.
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
Dregs of beans is pulverized to obtain to dregs of beans powder, by bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 10:1 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 5 times of water gagings and control temperature to 50 ℃, add acid protease and AMS, enzymolysis 3h, makes the pH value of mixture be controlled at 6.0 in enzymolysis process, then in 110-121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 15-20min;
In above-mentioned enzymolysis product, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 6%, 28 ℃ of temperature, and under the condition that pH value is 6, the dry fermented bean dregs powder that obtains after cultivation 35h.
Described acid protease addition is 0.6% of dregs of beans powder quality, and AMS is 0.03% of dregs of beans powder quality;
The volume ratio of described bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10063 and CGMCC No.7926 seed liquor is 4:1.
Alpha-amylase and culture preparation method thereof:
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) Li-2013-02, deposit number is CGMCC NO.7926, through fermented and cultured, obtain zymotic fluid, after zymotic fluid centrifugation, washing of precipitate postlyophilization prepares bacillus subtilis microbial agent, supernatant is through the dry AMS that obtains of separating and filtering, and both become alpha-amylase and culture thereof after mixing.
The preparation method of described bacillus subtilis CGMCC NO.7926 zymotic fluid is:
Bacillus subtilis CGMCC NO.7926 obtains liquid seeds through expanding step by step to cultivate, and liquid seeds is accessed to fermentation tank with 10% inoculum concentration, cultivation temperature 38-40 ℃, and mixing speed 100r/min, ventilation (V/V) 1:1-3, cultivates 68-72h and obtains zymotic fluid;
Described fermentation medium mass percent composition: corn flour 10%, beancake powder 8%, (NH
4)
2sO
40.4%, K
2hPO
40.8%, CaCl
20.2%.
Described high-temperature resistant alpha-amylase, its zymologic property is as follows:
(1) this enzyme temperature accommodation is wider, and optimum temperature is between 100-110 ℃, and 110 ℃ of following preserve, temperature stability is better, and it is poor more than 110 ℃ to preserve long-time temperature stability.
(2) this enzyme optimal reaction pH value is 4.2.Between pH value 3.0-7.0, all having high enzyme vigor, is 3.0 o'clock enzyme complete stabilities alive in pH value.
(3) enzymatic activity: by mutant strain Li-2013-02 provided by the present invention, the high temperature resistant AMS enzyme activity of preparation is 30000-35000U/ml.
Described bulky grain creep feed, for the piglet of 7 ages in days～wean latter 14 days.
Described bulky grain creep feed preparation method is as follows: first hulled corn and dehulled soybean meal are first mixed and carry out slaking, modified 2 minutes, curing temperature 82 is spent, steam pressure 2kg, then slaking raw material is mixed with other raw material, under 65 degree conditions, granulate, ring mould compression ratio is 1:5, the particulate material of making: diameter 12mm; Hardness 1.2kgf.
Embodiment 2
A kind of bulky grain creep feed, comprises that the raw material of following parts by weight forms:
Hulled corn 31, expanded soybean 12, flour 6, millet 1, super steam fish meal 3, dehulled soybean meal 5, yeast extract 3, fermented bean dregs 4, egg powder 2, milk powder 3, lactose 4, glucose 3, white sugar 3, acidulant 3, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4, amino acid 0.2, high temperature proteinase-10 .01, alpha-amylase and culture 1 thereof, B B-complex 0.06, composite trace element 0.6.
Described amino acid masses ratio is: Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Darg:Dval:Dtyr:Dile=100:38:65:21:70: 55:30:45.
Described B B-complex composition is: dehydroretinol part, calciferol part, 3 parts of vitamin Es, Cobastab
10.3 part, Cobastab
20.2 part, Cobastab
60.5 part.
Described composite trace element consists of: 2 parts, ferrous sulfate, 1 part of manganese sulfate, 2 parts, zinc oxide, 1 part of basic copper chloride, 0.2 part of sodium selenite, 1 part of calcium iodate.
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
Dregs of beans is pulverized to obtain to dregs of beans powder, by bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 10:2 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 4 times of water gagings and control temperature to 40 ℃, add acid protease and AMS, enzymolysis 3h, makes the pH value of mixture be controlled at 6.5 in enzymolysis process, then in 110-121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 15-20min;
In above-mentioned enzymolysis product, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 8%, 30 ℃ of temperature, and under the condition that pH value is 7, the dry fermented bean dregs powder that obtains after cultivation 30h.
Described acid protease addition is 1% of dregs of beans powder quality, and AMS is 0.01% of dregs of beans powder quality;
The volume ratio of described bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10063 and CGMCCNo.7926 seed liquor is 4:1.
Alpha-amylase and culture preparation method thereof:
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) Li-2013-02, through fermented and cultured, obtain zymotic fluid, after zymotic fluid centrifugation, washing of precipitate postlyophilization prepares bacillus subtilis microbial agent, supernatant is through the dry AMS that obtains of separating and filtering, and both become alpha-amylase and culture thereof after mixing.
Described fermentation medium mass percent composition: corn flour 15%, beancake powder 10%, (NH
4)
2sO
40.4%, K
2hPO
40.8%, CaCl
20.2%, surplus is water.
Described bulky grain creep feed preparation method is as follows: first hulled corn and dehulled soybean meal are first mixed and carry out slaking, modified 2 minutes, curing temperature 85 is spent, steam pressure 2kg, then slaking raw material is mixed with other raw material, under 70 degree conditions, granulate, ring mould compression ratio is 1:6, the particulate material of making: diameter 10mm; Hardness 1.5kgf.
The other the same as in Example 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of bulky grain creep feed, comprises that the raw material of following parts by weight forms:
Hulled corn 40, expanded soybean 5, flour 10, millet 3, super steam fish meal 5, dehulled soybean meal 3, yeast extract 3, fermented bean dregs 4, egg powder 5, milk powder 6, lactose 8, glucose 2, white sugar 1, acidulant 5, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5, amino acid 0.5, high temperature proteinase-10 .01, alpha-amylase and culture 2 thereof, B B-complex 0.06, composite trace element 0.6.
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
Dregs of beans is pulverized to obtain to dregs of beans powder, by bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 10:1 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 7 times of water gagings and control temperature to 60 ℃, add acid protease and AMS, enzymolysis 3h, makes the pH value of mixture be controlled at 6.5 in enzymolysis process, then in 110-121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 15-20min;
In above-mentioned enzymolysis product, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 4%, 25 ℃ of temperature, and under the condition that pH value is 5, the dry fermented bean dregs powder that obtains after cultivation 40h.
Described acid protease addition is 0.2% of dregs of beans powder quality, and AMS is 0.05% of dregs of beans powder quality;
Described alpha-amylase and culture preparation method thereof: fermentation medium mass percent composition: corn flour 5%, beancake powder 10%, (NH
4)
2sO
40.4%, K
2hPO
40.8%, CaCl
20.2%, surplus is water.
Described bulky grain creep feed: diameter 15mm; Hardness 1.0kgf.
The other the same as in Example 1.
Experimental example 1 adopts the bulky grain creep feed of embodiment 1 to do following control experiment
1 test material
1.1 test period
Test at the beginning of 2013 5 months, finish in mid-May, 2013 to raise, last 14 days.
1.2 test site
Test is implemented on Lingyuan, Liaoning kind pig farm.
1.3 experimental animal
Experimental animal is selected totally 180 of the long white three way cross sodium selenites of Du Luoke * great Bai *.
1.4 test daily rations
Control group and test group totally 2 processing are established in test.Control group feed is the corn-soybean meal religion groove pellet (diameter 2.0-3.0mm) of the rich production of Lingyuan standing grain.
2 test methods
2.1 experimental design
This test adopts single factor Random Design, select Du Luoke × length that average initial body weight is about 8.66 ± 0.95kg in vain × totally 180 of great Bai three way cross sodium selenites, by the close principle similar with hereditary basis of body weight, be divided at random 2 processing, the two kinds of different daily rations of feeding respectively.9 repetitions of each processing, 10 pigs of each repetition (circle), male and female half and half.14 days experimental periods, record feed intake, weigh test initial and last heavy, and calculate daily gain, daily ingestion amount and material anharmonic ratio.
2.2 feeding and management
Test pig is raised in closed pig house and is raised on bed, well-ventilated.Duration of test free choice feeding and drinking-water, by pig farm conventional program carry out disinfection, expelling parasite and immunity.
2.3 testing index
2.3.1 ration ingredient
The method that diet dry substance, thick protein, calcium and total phosphorus are recommended with reference to State Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T6435-1986, GB/T6432-1994, GB/T6436-2002 and GB/T6437-2002 is respectively measured.
Daily ration sample respectively at 110 ℃ at 6mol/L hydrochloric acid hydrolysis 24h and 0 ℃ after performic oxidation 16h through hydrochloric acid hydrolysis for 24h automatic amino acid analyzer (L-8800 of Hitachi, Japan) measure 15 seed amino acids and sulfur-containing amino acid; At 110 ℃, be hydrolyzed after 22h with 4mol/L NaOH, use high performance liquid chromatograph (Shimadzu LC-10A, Japan) to measure tryptophan.
2.3.2 growth performance
On an empty stomach individuality is weighed morning respectively at each on-test and while finishing, and to repeat (circle) as unit record feed consumption rate, calculates average daily gain, average daily ingestion amount and feed and increases weight and compare.
2.4 statistical analysis
Test data is carried out after preliminary treatment with Excel software, adopts general linear model (general linear model, the GLM) statistical analysis (SAS, 2001) of SAS8.2.
3 results and analysis
Growth performance contrast table
| ? | Control group | Test group |
| Starting weight (kg) | 8.67±0.89 | 8.66±0.95 |
| End heavy (kg) | 12.11±2.00 | 12.58±1.87 |
| Average daily gain (g/d) | 245.71±72.99 | 280.00±71.28 |
| Average daily ingestion amount (g/d) | 304.30±24.50 | 373.44±17.63 |
| Feed/weightening finish | 1.24 | 1.33 |
Result of the test shows, the test group bulky grain creep feed of feeding, and growth performance comprises that feed intake, daily gain are all improved, and average daily gain improves 13.96%, and average daily ingestion amount improves 22.72%.
The bulky grain creep feed of experimental example 2 embodiment of the present invention 1 does check experiment with commercially available similar creep feed
1 test material
1.1 test period
On April 2nd, 2013, on April 14th, 1 2013, lasted 12 days.
1.2 test site
Test is implemented on Lingyuan, Liaoning kind pig farm.
1.3 experimental animal
Experimental animal is selected totally 160 of the long white three way cross sodium selenites of Du Luoke * great Bai *.
1.4 test daily rations
Control group and test group totally 2 processing are established in test.Control group feed is commercially available similar religion groove pellet (diameter 2.0-3.0mm).
2 test methods
2.1 experimental design
This test adopts single factor Random Design, select Du Luoke × length that average initial body weight is about 8.14 ± 0.81kg in vain × totally 160 of great Bai three way cross sodium selenites, by the close principle similar with hereditary basis of body weight, be divided at random 2 processing, the two kinds of different daily rations of feeding respectively.8 repetitions of each processing, 10 pigs of each repetition (circle), male and female half and half.12 days experimental periods, record feed intake, weigh test initial and last heavy, and calculate daily gain, daily ingestion amount and material anharmonic ratio, survival rate, diarrhea rate.
2.2 feeding and management
Raising in closed pig house bed on, well-ventilated.Duration of test free choice feeding and drinking-water, by pig farm conventional program carry out disinfection, expelling parasite and immunity.
2.3 growth performance
On an empty stomach individuality is weighed morning respectively at each on-test and while finishing, and to repeat (circle) as unit record feed consumption rate, calculates average daily gain, average daily ingestion amount and feed and increases weight and compare.And record hair color, colour of skin marking result.
2.4 statistical analysis
Test data is carried out after preliminary treatment with Excel software, adopts general linear model (general linear model, the GLM) statistical analysis (SAS, 2001) of SAS8.2.
3 results and analysis
Growth performance contrast table
| ? | Control group | Test group |
| Starting weight (kg) | 8.14±0.84 | 8.14±0.77 |
| End heavy (kg) | 10.12±1.16 | 10.58±1.15 |
| Average daily gain (g/d) | 165.00±61.20 | 203.33±68.22 |
| Average daily ingestion amount (g/d) | 221.28±14.88 | 261.02±19.65 |
| Feed/weightening finish | 1.34 | 1.28 |
| Survival rate | 95.56 | 96.67 |
| Diarrhea rate | 7.95±2.82 | 4.84±1.39 |
Result of the test shows, the test group embodiment 1 bulky grain creep feed of feeding is compared with the control group of the commercially available similar diameter 2.0-3.0mm particle creep feed of feeding, growth performance comprises that feed intake, daily gain, survival rate are all improved, and expects that anharmonic ratio, diarrhea rate all decline to some extent.Illustrate that feed of the present invention is more suitable for newborn piglet and feeds, can greatly improve culture benefit.
Claims (10)
1. a bulky grain creep feed, comprises that the raw material of following parts by weight forms:
Hulled corn 31-40, expanded soybean 5-12, flour 6-10, millet 1-3, super steam fish meal 3-5, dehulled soybean meal 3-5, yeast extract 1-3, fermented bean dregs 4-6, egg powder 2-5, milk powder 3-6, lactose 4-8, glucose 2-3, white sugar 1-3, acidulant 3-5, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4-0.5, amino acid 0.2-0.5, high temperature proteinase-10 .01-0.03, alpha-amylase and culture 1-2 thereof, B B-complex 0.04-0.06, composite trace element 0.2-0.6;
Described amino acid masses ratio is: Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Darg:Dval:Dtyr:Dile=100:38:65:21:70: 55:30:45;
Described B B-complex consists of: retinol1-2 part, vitamin(e) D1-2 part, vitamin e1-3 part, Cobastab
10.1-0.3 part, Cobastab
20.1-0.2 part, Cobastab
60.1-0.5 part;
Described composite trace element consists of: ferrous sulfate 2-4 part, manganese sulfate 1-2 part, zinc oxide 1-2 part, basic copper chloride 1-3 part, sodium selenite 0.1-0.2 part, calcium iodate 0.5-1 part;
Described alpha-amylase and culture preparation method thereof are as follows:
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) Li-2013-02, through fermented and cultured, obtain zymotic fluid, after zymotic fluid centrifugation, washing of precipitate postlyophilization obtains bacillus subtilis microbial agent, supernatant is through the dry AMS that obtains of separating and filtering, and both become alpha-amylase and culture thereof after mixing;
Described bacillus subtilis preserving number is CGMCC No.7926.
2. bulky grain creep feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
Dregs of beans is pulverized to obtain to dregs of beans powder, by bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 10:1-2 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 4-7 times of water gaging and control temperature to 40-60 ℃, add acid protease and AMS, enzymolysis 3h, makes the pH value of mixture be controlled at 5.5-6.5 in enzymolysis process, then in 110-121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 15-20min;
In above-mentioned enzymolysis product, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 4-8%, temperature 25-30 ℃, and under the condition that pH value is 5-7, the dry fermented bean dregs powder that obtains after cultivation 30-40h;
Described acid protease addition is the 0.2-1% of dregs of beans powder quality, and AMS is the 0.01-0.05% of dregs of beans powder quality.
3. bulky grain creep feed according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, for after bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10063 and CGMCCNo.7926 cultivate respectively, seed liquor is mixed according to 4:1 volume ratio.
4. bulky grain creep feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, alpha-amylase and culture preparation method thereof are as follows:
Bacillus subtilis CGMCC NO.7926 obtains liquid seeds through expanding step by step to cultivate, and liquid seeds is accessed to fermentation tank with 10% inoculum concentration, cultivation temperature 38-40 ℃, and mixing speed 100r/min, ventilation (V/V) 1:1-3, cultivates 68-72h and obtains zymotic fluid;
Zymotic fluid centrifugation, washing of precipitate postlyophilization obtains bacillus subtilis microbial agent, and supernatant is through the dry AMS that obtains of separating and filtering, and both become alpha-amylase and culture thereof after mixing.
5. bulky grain creep feed according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described bacillus subtilis is cultivated and consists of by fermentation medium mass percent: corn flour 5%-15%, beancake powder 4%-10%, (NH
4)
2sO
40.4%, K
2hPO
40.8%, CaCl
20.2%, surplus is water.
6. bulky grain creep feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described bulky grain creep feed diameter is 10-15mm; Hardness is 1.0-1.5kgf.
7. according to the preparation method of the arbitrary described bulky grain creep feed of claim 1-6: by formula, first hulled corn and dehulled soybean meal are first mixed and carry out slaking, modified 1-2 minutes, curing temperature 80-85 degree, steam pressure 2kg, then mixes slaking raw material with other raw material, under 60-70 degree conditions, granulate, ring mould compression ratio is 1:4-1:6, diameter 10-15mm; Hardness 1.0-1.5kgf.
8. the preparation method of bulky grain creep feed according to claim 7, is characterized in that,
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
Dregs of beans is pulverized to obtain to dregs of beans powder, by bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 10:1-2 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 4-7 times of water gaging and control temperature to 40-60 ℃, add acid protease and AMS, enzymolysis 3h, makes the pH value of mixture be controlled at 5.5-6.5 in enzymolysis process, then in 110-121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 15-20min;
In above-mentioned enzymolysis product, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 4-8%, temperature 25-30 ℃, and under the condition that pH value is 5-7, the dry fermented bean dregs powder that obtains after cultivation 30-40h;
Described acid protease addition is the 0.2-1% of dregs of beans powder quality, and AMS is the 0.01-0.05% of dregs of beans powder quality;
Described mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, for after bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis) CICC10063 and CGMCC No.7926 cultivate respectively, seed liquor is mixed according to 4:1 volume ratio;
Described alpha-amylase and culture preparation method thereof are as follows:
Bacillus subtilis CGMCC NO.7926 obtains liquid seeds through expanding step by step to cultivate, and liquid seeds is accessed to fermentation tank with 10% inoculum concentration, cultivation temperature 38-40 ℃, and mixing speed 100r/min, ventilation (V/V) 1:1-3, cultivates 68-72h and obtains zymotic fluid;
Zymotic fluid centrifugation, washing of precipitate postlyophilization obtains bacillus subtilis microbial agent, and supernatant is through the dry AMS that obtains of separating and filtering, and both become alpha-amylase and culture thereof after mixing.
9. the application in the feeding piglet of 7 ages in days～wean latter 14 days according to the arbitrary described bulky grain creep feed of claim 1-6.
10. the application of the preparation method of bulky grain creep feed in the preparation of bulky grain creep feed according to claim 7.
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| CN105076715A (en) * | 2015-02-14 | 2015-11-25 | 裴学熠 | Microecological feed additive fermentation production method by using waste dross for enzymolysis of multiple bacteria |
| CN104938768A (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2015-09-30 | 北京英惠尔生物技术有限公司 | Fermentation method for fermenting liquid fodder |
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