CN103404698A - Soft pellet feed and preparation thereof - Google Patents

Soft pellet feed and preparation thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103404698A
CN103404698A CN2013103472870A CN201310347287A CN103404698A CN 103404698 A CN103404698 A CN 103404698A CN 2013103472870 A CN2013103472870 A CN 2013103472870A CN 201310347287 A CN201310347287 A CN 201310347287A CN 103404698 A CN103404698 A CN 103404698A
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parts
powder
mix
seed
cicc20030
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CN103404698B (en
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邵彩梅
王振勇
岳隆耀
王丹
吴坤
胡国清
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Lankao Hefeng Animal Husbandry Co ltd
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HEFENG LIVESTOCK FARMING CO Ltd LIAONING
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of feed processing technology, and particularly relates to soft pellet feed and the preparation thereof. The preparation comprises the following steps: taking compositions including whey powder, milk powder, cane sugar, trehalose, soybean phospholipid powder and calcium formate as per the matched ratio, and dissolving the compositions in high fructose corn syrup, so as to produce composite syrup; taking materials including rice, corn, peeled soybean meal and fermented soybean meal as per the matched ratio, and smashing the materials preliminarily; performing ultramicro smashing on the materials in the last step and other raw materials until the particle size is 15 microns, mixing all the materials, and sending the materials into a soft pelleter to carry out pelletizing, wherein the pulverization ratio is less than or equal to 6%; uniformly spraying the composite syrup on the surface of the pellet materials by using a syrup spraying dripping device, wherein the pellet diameter is 1-3 mm; finally, packing into finished products in an automatic and quantitative manner. According to the soft pellet feed provided by the invention, the possibility of hardening of the pellet materials in the storage process can be reduced, the nutrient substance loss in the high-temperature pelletization process can be reduced, while good taste and excellent palatability are realized, and food consumption of piglets is increased.

Description

A kind of soft pellet diet and preparation thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to the feed processing technology field, be specifically related to a kind of soft pellet diet and preparation thereof.
Background technology
The porket granule feedstuff that existing market is generally used, the general sugar added and whey powder and popcorn or other digestible raw materials etc. are many, these raw materials are when temperature is higher, viscosity significantly improves, easily cause the difficulty of granulating, simultaneously owing in raw material, containing a large amount of starch, if do not take corresponding measure, in storage process, inevitably there is the problem of aging of starch, thereby cause the storage time slightly long products just start the hardening that becomes fragile, easily disintegration, mouthfeel variation, thereby affect the palatability of product, reduce the feed intake of newborn piglet.It is the means that address this problem frequent employing that primary raw material in feed is fermented.Particulate material, in process, because high-temperature heating is granulated, causes the loss of thermal sensitivity nutriment in addition, reduces feed value, thereby affects breeding performonce fo animals.
Application number is 201110286615.16 invention " fermentation process of bean dregs ", relate to a kind of fermentation process of bean dregs, main feature is to adopt many bacterial classifications composite bacteria liquid that material is fermented in fermentation cabin, and during the fermentation to regularly aerating and stirring of material, to guarantee that material is evenly fermented, in fermentation, increased simultaneously expanded, vacuum drying and the subsequent treatment such as cooling, guaranteed that further the nutritional labeling of material is not damaged after fermentation.Application number is 201210371968.6 invention " a kind of microbial fermentation processes of dregs of beans and the application in feed thereof ", a kind of microbial fermentation processes of dregs of beans and the application in feed thereof are disclosed, this dregs of beans adopts ferment-fermented, in mass ratio, this leavening comprises bacillus pumilus 8-10 part; Roy's formula lactobacillus 8-10 part; And make wine one, yeast 15-18 part.Fermentation process is that dregs of beans and water mix in the ratio of 0.9-1.1:1.2-1.5, then in mixture in mass ratio the ratio of 3-5% add leavening; At 30-37 ℃ of condition bottom fermentation 72-84 hour.Dregs of beans after fermentation can replace the fish meal in formula for pig forage.Application number is 201210053377.4 invention " a kind of pig feed soybean meal fermenting method ", a kind of pig feed soybean meal fermenting method is disclosed, soybean frying eight minutes is ripe, then the particle that is crushed to diameter 3-5mm is made dregs of beans, then in dregs of beans, add water and bacterial classification, stir, get final product at 25-30 ℃ of bottom fermentation 36-50h.Further, the weight ratio of dregs of beans, bacterial classification, water is 1000:1:280~1000:3:320.Further, described bacterial classification comprises lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete, acetic acid bacteria, actinomyces, bacillus subtilis.This beneficial effect of the invention is, uses the fermented bean dregs of this invention to raise pork pig, and its speed of growth improves in 15% left and right.
Foregoing invention all prepared feed afterwards by bean pulp fermentation, by microorganism, ferment and can remove the ANFs material in dregs of beans, improved the solubility of dregs of beans albumen, improve the organic acid in fermented bean dregs, macro-molecular protein in dregs of beans is converted into to the micromolecule polypeptide that is more conducive to digest and assimilate, thereby improves the feeding value of dregs of beans.The method of packing after but foregoing invention still generally adopts dry after fermentation or part dry, fundamentally do not solve the become fragile problem of hardening, mouthfeel variation of not easy-formation and storage life product.Particulate material, in process, because high-temperature heating is granulated, easily causes the loss of thermal sensitivity nutriment in addition, reduces feed value, thereby affects breeding performonce fo animals.
Therefore, for the deficiencies in the prior art, need badly a kind of easy moulding to be provided and can to reduce in the particulate material storage process and harden, reduce the loss of nutriment in the high temperature granulating process, simultaneously good attractant, palatability are arranged again, improve the feed of newborn piglet feed intake.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of soft pellet diet and preparation thereof, soft pellet diet comprises that the raw material of following parts by weight forms:
Rice 30-45 part, popcorn 4-8 part, corn 2-6 part, steam fish meal 2-4 part, flour 4-7 part, dehulled soybean meal 2-4 part, whey powder 5-10 part, milk powder 3-5 part, sucrose 1-2 part, trehalose 0.5-1 part, HFCS 0.5-1 part, fermented bean dregs 13-20 part, glucose 2-3 part, soybean lecithin powder 1-2 part, salt 0.3-0.5 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.8-1.2 part, calcium formate 0.01-0.02 part, amino acid 0.2-0.5 part, complex enzyme 0.05-0.1 part, B B-complex 0.3-0.4 part, composite trace element 0.2-0.6 part; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: ferrous sulfate 1-3 part, manganese sulfate 2-4 part, zinc oxide 1-2 part, basic copper chloride 3-6 part, copper sulphate 1-2 part, sodium selenite 1-3 part, cobalt chloride 1-3 part, calcium iodate 2-3 part.
Described whey powder is the preparation of roller drying technique, and wherein lactose is beta lactose (sugariness surpasses alpha-lactose);
Described complex enzyme parts by weight consist of: protease 2-5 part, amylase 1-3 part.
Described amino acid masses ratio is Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Dval=100:35:63:21:69.
Described B B-complex parts by weight form: retinol1-3 part, calciferol-5 part, vitamin E 3-6 part.
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
By bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:1-2 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 5-8 times of weight water and control temperature to 50-70 ℃, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, in enzymolysis process, make the pH value of mixture be controlled at 5.5-6.5, in the backward hydrolysed mix of enzymolysis, add 1.5% glucose, 0.1% magnesium sulfate and 0.5% sodium sulphate, then in 121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 15-20min; In fermentation medium, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 4-8%, temperature 25-30 ℃, the pH value is under the condition of 5-7, cultivate after 15-25h the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor that adds hydrolysed mix quality 15-25% after holding temperature at 10-18 ℃, keep 5-12 hour.Then drying obtains the fermented bean dregs powder.
Described acid protease addition is the 0.2-1% of bean cake powder quality, and the AMS addition is the 0.01-0.05% of bean cake powder quality, and the trypsase addition is the 0.4-1% of bean cake powder quality;
Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1-3; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor are mixed according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively.
The CICC20030 culture medium forms: peptone 5.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, NaCl5.0g, agar 15.0g, distilled water 1.0L, 3mg MnSO4H2O, pH7.0.Bacillus subtilis CICC20030 produces the strong bacterial strain of alkali protease.
The CICC10063 culture medium forms: NaCl5.0g, beef extract 10.0g, dregs of beans 20g, peptone 10.0g, distilled water 1.0L, pH7.2.CICC10063 produces protease.
In the fermented bean dregs powder, contain active bacillus subtilis, the bacillus subtilis number of viable contained in every gram fermented bean dregs powder is 0.5 * 10 8-8 * 10 8Individual.
Described pickled vegetable fermentation liquor is after pickle fermentation, to remove the fermented liquid of pickles gained; Pickled vegetable fermentation liquor is for preparing after the old liquid fermentation of traditional pickles obtains or adopts lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete or its fermented by mixed bacterium vegetables.
Pickled vegetable fermentation liquor obtains and also can adopt the method that is prepared as follows to obtain:
Vegetable cleaning, cutting, put into the pickle production container, adds subsequently fermenting agent, the 0.5-2% sucrose of 0.01-1 gram/kilogram, the salinity of 0.5-2%, airtight container; Control temperature at 15-30 ℃ of prior fermentation that carries out 15-30 hour, control subsequently temperature and carry out after fermentation in 10-30 hour at 10-25 ℃; Seal of vessel between whole yeast phase; After vegetables were removed in the complete separation of fermenting, remaining liq was pickled vegetable fermentation liquor.
Described fermenting agent is lactic acid bacteria or saccharomycete or the two mixed bacteria.
The preparation method of feed of the present invention: whey powder, milk powder, sucrose, trehalose, soybean lecithin powder and calcium formate component, by after the proportioning feeding, are dissolved in HFCS, make composite syrup;
By rice, corn, dehulled soybean meal and fermented bean dregs carry out after by the proportioning feeding just pulverizing; Ultramicro grinding is to mix after particle diameter 15 μ m together with other raw materials again, then sends into soft granulator and granulate, pulverization rate≤6%;
Utilize syrup spray drip apparatus composite syrup evenly to be sprayed to the surface of particulate material, particle diameter 1-3mm.Finally by the weighed amount of automatic packing, be packaged as finished product.
Beneficial effect:
Adopt soft granulating system to drip with the syrup spray technique that system is combined, although sucrose in raw material, milk powder, popcorns etc. the at high temperature viscosity material content that can raise do not reduce, but owing to adopting the lower soft granulating system of temperature, not only improved the mouthfeel of particulate material, reduced pulverization rate, and moulding is good, shaped granule is soft, smooth surface, reduced simultaneously the generation of granularity hardening in the pellet storage process, with dry pellet, compare the loss of having exempted nutritional labeling in granulate heating and dry run, constant product quality, nutrition full price balance, so also can keep the soft pellet diet good palatability.Composite syrup is sprayed to the system of dripping by syrup and is sprayed onto the particulate material surface, improved product attractant, protect soft and nutrition full price; Adopt trehalose to replace the part white granulated sugar, can effectively prevent regrouping of starch chain, delay the aging of starch, reduce the risk that sclerosis easily occurs in the product storage process; In soft granulation mode, reduce the loss of the heat-sensitive substance that the high temperature granulating mode occurs, improve simultaneously the water-retaining property of product, nutrition full price and palatability.
Trehalose can be rapidly in the process of starch gelatinization and is filled in uniformly the starch molecule interchain, thereby can effectively prevent regrouping of starch chain, delays the aging of starch.Trehalose also has special oxygenate structure in addition, and this structure has good lock water function, can effectively prevent scattering and disappearing of moisture in food, can effectively prevent the prolongation gradually generation of hardening of particulate material along with period of storage for feedstuff industry.Glucose can directly absorb in addition.
Add complex enzyme, not only the plant and animal proteinoid in feed can be converted into to polypeptide and free amino acid, improve the utilization ratio of animal to protein, promote growing of animal, especially growing animal; And the macromolecules starch in feed can be converted into to the small molecular sugar class of absorption easy to digest, and promote the early weaned piglets Fast Growth, reduce simultaneously the enteron aisle far-end and do not digest the adverse effect that chyme produces, thereby reduce the weaning brash rate.
Dregs of beans adopts two strain fermentations, and particularly richness is produced the bacterial classification mixed processing of protease, has effectively improved the decomposition efficiency of dregs of beans, and the total protein content of fermented bean dregs can reach 56.8%, and methionine content can reach 43.56mg/g, and lysine content can reach 74.872mg/g.The small peptide component that in the fermented bean dregs protein degradation products, molecular weight is less than 1000Da accounts for more than 92%.
In fermented bean dregs, add pickled vegetable fermentation liquor and carry out the cold fermentation processing, when in fermented bean dregs, increasing a large amount of lactic acid bacterias, make the nutriments such as vegetables vitamin of enrichment in pickled vegetable fermentation liquor also enter dregs of beans, and the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor that is rich in lactic acid effectively increased the palatability of feed product, more nutrition is more agreeable to the taste to make fermented bean dregs.
The specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment narration product of the present invention, form and technique.Unless stated otherwise, in the present invention, technological means used is method known in those skilled in the art.In addition, embodiment is interpreted as illustrative, but not limits the scope of the invention, and the spirit and scope of the invention are only limited by claims.To those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not deviate from essence of the present invention and scope, various changes or change that technical scheme in these embodiments is carried out also belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) a kind of soft pellet diet comprises that the raw material of following parts by weight forms:
45 parts, rice, 4 parts of popcorns, 2 parts of corns, 4 parts of steam fish meal, 4 parts, flour, 2 parts of dehulled soybean meals, 10 parts of whey powders, 3 parts of milk powder, 1 part of sucrose, 0.5 part of trehalose, 0.5 part of HFCS, 13 parts of fermented bean dregs, 3 parts of glucose, 1 part, soybean lecithin powder, 0.3 part of salt, 1.2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.02 part of calcium formate, 0.2 part, amino acid, 0.05 part of complex enzyme, 0.4 part of B B-complex, 0.2 part of composite trace element; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: 3 parts, ferrous sulfate, 2 parts of manganese sulfates, 1 part, zinc oxide, 3 parts of basic copper chlorides, 1 part, copper sulphate, 3 parts of sodium selenites, 3 parts of cobalt chlorides, 2 parts of calcium iodates.
Described whey powder is the preparation of roller drying technique, and wherein lactose is beta lactose (sugariness surpasses alpha-lactose);
Described complex enzyme parts by weight consist of: 2 parts, protease, 1 part of amylase.
Described amino acid masses ratio is Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Dval=100:35:63:21:69.
Described B B-complex parts by weight form: retinol1 part, calciferol part, 3 parts of vitamin Es.
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
By bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:1 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 5 times of weight water and control temperature to 50 ℃, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, in enzymolysis process, make the pH value of mixture be controlled at 5.5, after enzymolysis by hydrolysed mix, adding 1.5% glucose, 0.1% magnesium sulfate and 0.5% sodium sulphate, then in 121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 15min; To adding and mix the bacillus subtilis seed liquor in fermentation medium, inoculum concentration is 4%, and 25 ℃ of temperature, pH value are under 5 condition, cultivate after 25h the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor that adds hydrolysed mix quality 15% after holding temperature 10 ℃ of maintenances 12 hours.Then freeze drying obtains the fermented bean dregs powder.
Described acid protease addition is 0.2% of bean cake powder quality, and the AMS addition is 0.01% of bean cake powder quality, and the trypsase addition is 1% of bean cake powder quality.
Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor are mixed according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively.
The CICC20030 culture medium forms: peptone 5.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, NaCl5.0g, agar 15.0g, distilled water 1.0L, 3mg MnSO4H2O, pH7.0.Bacillus subtilis CICC20030 produces the strong bacterial strain of alkali protease.
The CICC10063 culture medium forms: NaCl5.0g, beef extract 10.0g, dregs of beans 20g, peptone 10.0g, distilled water 1.0L, pH7.2.CICC10063 produces protease.
The preparation of bacillus subtilis seed liquor:
(1) first order seed is cultivated: by bacillus subtilis slant strains access 500 ml shake flasks, and 100 milliliters of culture medium loading amounts, 180 rev/mins of rotary shaking tables, 30 ℃ of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24 hours;
(2) secondary seed is cultivated: according in 500 milliliters of secondary seed shaking flasks of inoculum concentration access of 10%, condition of culture is identical with first order seed by first order seed;
(3) three grades of seed culture: secondary seed is accessed in 5000 milliliters of three grades of seed shaking flasks to 1000 milliliters of culture medium loading amounts, 100 rev/mins of rotary shaking tables, 30 ℃ of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24 hours with 10% inoculum concentration;
(4) first class seed pot is cultivated: three grades of seeds be take to 10% inoculum concentration access total measurement (volume) and be the first class seed pot of 150L, fermentation medium loading amount 100L, 28 ℃ of cultivation temperature, 100 rev/mins of mixing speeds, ventilation (V/V) 1:0.5, tank pressure 0.05MPa, incubation time 24 hours.
In the fermented bean dregs powder, contain activated bacillus subtilis, the bacillus subtilis number of viable contained in every gram fermented bean dregs powder is at 3*10 8.
Pickle preparation method is fermented preparation method of vegetables with denomination of invention, and number of patent application is 201010247425.4 described, according to the method, prepares pickles and separates and obtain pickled vegetable fermentation liquor.
(2) soft pellet diet preparation method:
Whey powder, milk powder, sucrose, trehalose, soybean lecithin powder and calcium formate component, by after the proportioning feeding, are dissolved in HFCS, make composite syrup.
By rice, corn, dehulled soybean meal and fermented bean dregs carry out after by the proportioning feeding just pulverizing; Ultramicro grinding is to mix after particle diameter 15 μ m together with other raw materials again, then sends into soft granulator and granulate, pulverization rate≤6%.
Utilize syrup spray drip apparatus composite syrup evenly to be sprayed to the surface of particulate material, particle diameter 1-3mm.Finally by the weighed amount of automatic packing, be packaged as finished product.
Embodiment 2
(1) a kind of soft pellet diet comprises that the raw material of following parts by weight forms:
35 parts, rice, 6 parts of popcorns, 4 parts of corns, 3 parts of steam fish meal, 5 parts, flour, 3 parts of dehulled soybean meals, 8 parts of whey powders, 4 parts of milk powder, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of trehalose, 1 part of HFCS, 16 parts of fermented bean dregs, 2 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts, soybean lecithin powder, 0.4 part of salt, 1 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.01 part of calcium formate, 0.3 part, amino acid, 0.08 part of complex enzyme, 0.3 part of B B-complex, 0.4 part of composite trace element; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: 2 parts, ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of manganese sulfates, 1 part, zinc oxide, 5 parts of basic copper chlorides, 1 part, copper sulphate, 2 parts of sodium selenites, 2 parts of cobalt chlorides, 2 parts of calcium iodates.
Described whey powder is the preparation of roller drying technique, and wherein lactose is beta lactose (sugariness surpasses alpha-lactose);
Described complex enzyme parts by weight consist of: 4 parts, protease, amylase 2 part.
Described amino acid masses ratio is Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Dval=100:35:63:21:69.
Described B B-complex parts by weight form: dehydroretinol part, cholecalciferol part, 5 parts of vitamin Es.
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
By bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:2 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 6 times of weight water and control temperature to 60 ℃, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, in enzymolysis process, make the pH value of mixture be controlled at 6, after enzymolysis by hydrolysed mix, adding 1.5% glucose, 0.1% magnesium sulfate and 0.5% sodium sulphate, then in 121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 20min; To adding and mix the bacillus subtilis seed liquor in fermentation medium, inoculum concentration is 5%, and 28 ℃ of temperature, pH value be under the condition of 5-7, after cultivation 20h, add the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor of hydrolysed mix quality 20% after holding temperature 15 ℃ of maintenances 8 hours.Then drying obtains the fermented bean dregs powder.
Described acid protease addition is 0.5% of bean cake powder quality, and the AMS addition is 0.03% of bean cake powder quality, and the trypsase addition is 0.8% of bean cake powder quality.
Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1.5; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor are mixed according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively.
The seed liquor preparation method of bacillus subtilis CICC10063 and CICC20030 and culture medium are with embodiment 1.
In the fermented bean dregs powder, contain activated bacillus subtilis, the bacillus subtilis number of viable contained in every gram fermented bean dregs powder is 5 * 10 8Individual.
Pickled vegetable fermentation liquor adopts the method that is prepared as follows to obtain:
Vegetable cleaning, cutting, put into the pickle production container, adds subsequently the fermenting agent, 2% sucrose of 0.5 gram/kilogram, 1% salinity, airtight container; Control temperature at 25 ℃ of prior fermentations that carry out 30 hours, control subsequently temperature and carry out after fermentation in 20 hours at 15 ℃; Seal of vessel between whole yeast phase; After vegetables were removed in the complete separation of fermenting, remaining liq was pickled vegetable fermentation liquor.
Described fermenting agent is lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetic mixed bacteria.
(2) feed producing method is substantially with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
(1) a kind of soft pellet diet comprises that the raw material of following parts by weight forms:
30 parts, rice, 8 parts of popcorns, 6 parts of corns, 2 parts of steam fish meal, 7 parts, flour, 2 parts of dehulled soybean meals, 5 parts of whey powders, 5 parts of milk powder, 2 parts of sucrose, 1 part of trehalose, 1 part of HFCS, 20 parts of fermented bean dregs, 2 parts of glucose, 2 parts, soybean lecithin powder, 0.5 part of salt, 0.8 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.01 part of calcium formate, 0.2 part, amino acid, 0.1 part of complex enzyme, 0.3 part of B B-complex, 0.2 part of composite trace element; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: 1 part, ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of manganese sulfates, 1 part, zinc oxide, 6 parts of basic copper chlorides, 2 parts, copper sulphate, 1 part of sodium selenite, 1 part of cobalt chloride, 3 parts of calcium iodates.
Described whey powder is the preparation of roller drying technique, and wherein lactose is beta lactose (sugariness surpasses alpha-lactose);
Described complex enzyme parts by weight consist of: 5 parts, protease, 3 parts of amylase.
Described amino acid masses ratio is Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Dval=100:35:63:21:69.
Described B B-complex parts by weight form: 3-Hydroxyretinol part, Vitamin D5 part, 6 parts of vitamin Es.
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
By bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:2 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 8 times of weight water and control temperature to 70 ℃, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, in enzymolysis process, make the pH value of mixture be controlled at 6.5, after enzymolysis by hydrolysed mix, adding 1.5% glucose, 0.1% magnesium sulfate and 0.5% sodium sulphate, then in 121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 15-20min; To adding and mix the bacillus subtilis seed liquor in fermentation medium, inoculum concentration is 8%, and 30 ℃ of temperature, pH value are under 7 condition, cultivate after 15h the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor that adds hydrolysed mix quality 25% after holding temperature 18 ℃ of maintenances 5 hours.Then drying obtains the fermented bean dregs powder.
Described acid protease addition is 1% of bean cake powder quality, and the AMS addition is 0.05% of bean cake powder quality, and the trypsase addition is 0.4% of bean cake powder quality.
Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1-3; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor are mixed according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively.
The CICC20030 culture medium forms: peptone 5.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, NaCl5.0g, agar 15.0g, distilled water 1.0L, 3mg MnSO4H2O, pH7.0.Bacillus subtilis CICC20030 produces the strong bacterial strain of alkali protease.
The CICC10063 culture medium forms: NaCl5.0g, beef extract 10.0g, dregs of beans 20g, peptone 10.0g, distilled water 1.0L, pH7.2.CICC10063 produces protease.
In the fermented bean dregs powder, contain activated bacillus subtilis, the bacillus subtilis number of viable contained in every gram fermented bean dregs powder is 4 * 10 8Individual.
Described pickled vegetable fermentation liquor is after pickle fermentation, to remove the fermented liquid of pickles gained; Pickled vegetable fermentation liquor for after the old liquid fermented vegetable of traditional pickles, separate after vegetables obtain or adopt lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycete or its fermented by mixed bacterium vegetables after obtain.
Pickled vegetable fermentation liquor separates the acquisition pickled vegetable fermentation liquor after adopting the traditional zymotic method to make pickles.
(2) feed producing method is substantially with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
Feeding effect checking: adopt the soft pellet diet of embodiment 2 preparations to do following demonstration test.
(1) test material
(1) test period: tested in May, 2012, last 14 days.
(2) test site: kind pig farm, Fengshan, Liaoning Province.
(3) experimental animal: select totally 160 of the long white three way cross certified milk piglets of Du Luoke * Da Bai *.
(4) test daily ration: control group and test group totally 2 processing are established in test, and each processes 8 repetitions.Experimental group is the soft pellet diet of the inventive example 1.The control group feed is that conventional market is sold the feed that contains the fermented bean dregs powder.
(2) test method
(1) experimental design
Single factor Random Design is adopted in this test, select 28 ages in days left and right wean pigs, average initial body weight be about the Du Luoke of 8.52 ± 0.72kg * length in vain * totally 160 of Da Bai three way cross healthy growth pigs, by the close principle similar with hereditary basis of body weight, be divided at random 2 processing, the two kinds of different daily rations of feeding respectively.Each processes 8 repetitions, 10 pigs of each repetition (circle), and male and female half and half, experimental period, be the rear the last fortnight of wean.14 days experimental periods, record feed intake, the weighing test is initial and end is heavy, and calculates daily gain, daily ingestion amount and material anharmonic ratio.
(2) feeding and management
Test pig is raised in closed pig house, on bed, raises the well-ventilated.Duration of test free choice feeding and drinking-water, without raising the phase in advance.By the pig farm conventional program carry out disinfection, expelling parasite and immunity.
(3) testing index
A. ration ingredient
Diet dry substance, thick protein, calcium and total phosphorus are measured with reference to the method that State Standard of the People's Republic of China GB/T6435-1986, GB/T6432-1994, GB/T6436-2002 and GB/T6437-2002 recommend respectively.
The daily ration sample is measured 15 seed amino acids and sulfur-containing amino acid by hydrochloric acid hydrolysis 24h with automatic amino acid analyzer (L-8800 of Hitachi, Japan) at 110 ℃ of lower 6mol/L hydrochloric acid hydrolysis 24h and 0 ℃ of lower performic oxidation 16h respectively; With 4mol/L NaOH, after hydrolysis 22h under 110 ℃, use high performance liquid chromatograph (Shimadzu LC-10A, Japan) to measure tryptophan.
B. growth performance
Respectively at each on-test and while finishing morning on an empty stomach individuality weigh, repetitions (circle) of take be the unit record feed consumption rate, calculates average daily gain, on average daily ingestion amount and feed increase weight and compare.
(4) statistical analysis
After test data is carried out preliminary treatment with Excel software, adopt general linear model (general linear model, GLM) the modeling statistics analysis (SAS, 2001) of SAS8.2.
(3) results and analysis
Two kinds of feeds contrast table to newborn piglet growth performance
? Control group one Test group
Starting weight (kg) 8.55±0.77 8.49±0.70
End heavy (kg) 12.02±0.54 13.05±0.35
Average daily gain (g/d) 247.86±55A 325.71±0.62B
Average daily ingestion amount (g/d) 405.36 485.25
Feed/weightening finish 1.64 1.49
Hair color marking (ten point system) 5.5 8.5
? ? ?
Result shows, the growth performance of control group and test group comprises feed intake, average daily gain, material anharmonic ratio, compares all and has clear improvement with control group: average daily gain improves 31.41%, and average daily ingestion amount improves 19.71%, and feedstuff-meat ratio reduces by 9.15%.The experimental group antibiotic dosage has reduced 65-80% than control group; Result of the test shows, feed of the present invention has obviously improved palatability and the feed intake of newborn piglet, has improved immunity and the general level of the health of newborn piglet.Thereby improve the income of raising pigs.

Claims (10)

1. soft pellet diet comprises that the raw material of following parts by weight forms:
Rice 30-45 part, popcorn 4-8 part, corn 2-6 part, steam fish meal 2-4 part, flour 4-7 part, dehulled soybean meal 2-4 part, whey powder 5-10 part, milk powder 3-5 part, sucrose 1-2 part, trehalose 0.5-1 part, HFCS 0.5-1 part, fermented bean dregs 13-20 part, glucose 2-3 part, soybean lecithin powder 1-2 part, salt 0.3-0.5 part, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.8-1.2 part, calcium formate 0.01-0.02 part, amino acid 0.2-0.5 part, complex enzyme 0.05-0.1 part, B B-complex 0.3-0.4 part, composite trace element 0.2-0.6 part; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: ferrous sulfate 1-3 part, manganese sulfate 2-4 part, zinc oxide 1-2 part, basic copper chloride 3-6 part, copper sulphate 1-2 part, sodium selenite 1-3 part, cobalt chloride 1-3 part, calcium iodate 2-3 part;
Described whey powder is the preparation of roller drying technique, and wherein lactose is beta lactose;
Described complex enzyme parts by weight consist of: protease 2-5 part, amylase 1-3 part;
Described amino acid masses ratio is Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Dval=100:35:63:21:69;
Described B B-complex parts by weight form: retinol1-3 part, calciferol-5 part, vitamin E 3-6 part.
2. a kind of soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises that the raw material of following parts by weight forms:
35 parts, rice, 6 parts of popcorns, 4 parts of corns, 3 parts of steam fish meal, 5 parts, flour, 3 parts of dehulled soybean meals, 8 parts of whey powders, 4 parts of milk powder, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of trehalose, 1 part of HFCS, 16 parts of fermented bean dregs, 2 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts, soybean lecithin powder, 0.4 part of salt, 1 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.01 part of calcium formate, 0.3 part, amino acid, 0.08 part of complex enzyme, 0.3 part of B B-complex, 0.4 part of composite trace element; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: 2 parts, ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of manganese sulfates, 1 part, zinc oxide, 5 parts of basic copper chlorides, 1 part, copper sulphate, 2 parts of sodium selenites, 2 parts of cobalt chlorides, 2 parts of calcium iodates.
3. a kind of soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows: by bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:1-2 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 5-8 times of weight water and control temperature to 50-70 ℃, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, in enzymolysis process, make the pH value of mixture be controlled at 5.5-6.5, after enzymolysis by the glucose that adds 1.5% in hydrolysed mix, 0.1% magnesium sulfate and 0.5% sodium sulphate, then in 121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 15-20min, in fermentation medium, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 4-8%, temperature 25-30 ℃, the pH value is under the condition of 5-7, cultivate after 15-25h the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor that adds hydrolysed mix quality 15-25% after holding temperature at 10-18 ℃, keep 5-12 hour, then drying obtains the fermented bean dregs powder.
4. a kind of soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, acid protease addition described in the preparation of fermented bean dregs is the 0.2-1% of bean cake powder quality, the AMS addition is the 0.01-0.05% of bean cake powder quality, and the trypsase addition is the 0.4-1% of bean cake powder quality.
5. a kind of soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1-3; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor are mixed according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively;
The CICC20030 culture medium forms: peptone 5.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, NaCl5.0g, agar 15.0g, distilled water 1.0L, 3mg MnSO4H2O, pH7.0;
The CICC10063 culture medium forms: NaCl5.0g, beef extract 10.0g, dregs of beans 20g, peptone 10.0g, distilled water 1.0L, pH7.2.
6. a kind of soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, pickled vegetable fermentation liquor adopts the method that is prepared as follows to obtain: vegetable cleaning, cutting, put into the pickle production container, add subsequently fermenting agent, the 0.5-2% sucrose of 0.01-1 gram/kilogram, the salinity of 0.5-2%, airtight container; Control temperature at 15-30 ℃ of prior fermentation that carries out 15-30 hour, control subsequently temperature and carry out after fermentation in 10-30 hour at 10-25 ℃; Seal of vessel between whole yeast phase; After vegetables were removed in the complete separation of fermenting, remaining liq was pickled vegetable fermentation liquor; Described fermenting agent is lactic acid bacteria or saccharomycete or the two mixed bacteria.
7. a method for preparing the arbitrary described soft pellet diet of claim 1-6, comprise the steps:
Whey powder, milk powder, sucrose, trehalose, soybean lecithin powder and calcium formate component, by after the proportioning feeding, are dissolved in HFCS, make composite syrup; By rice, corn, dehulled soybean meal and fermented bean dregs carry out after by the proportioning feeding just pulverizing; Ultramicro grinding is to mix after particle diameter 15 μ m together with other raw materials again, then sends into soft granulator and granulate, pulverization rate≤6%; Utilize syrup spray drip apparatus composite syrup evenly to be sprayed to the surface of particulate material, particle diameter 1-3mm; Finally by the weighed amount of automatic packing, be packaged as finished product.
8. the method for preparing soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows:
By bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:1-2 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 5-8 times of weight water and control temperature to 50-70 ℃, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, in enzymolysis process, make the pH value of mixture be controlled at 5.5-6.5, after enzymolysis by hydrolysed mix, adding 1.5% glucose, 0.1% magnesium sulfate and 0.5% sodium sulphate, then in 121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 15-20min; In fermentation medium, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 4-8%, temperature 25-30 ℃, the pH value is under the condition of 5-7, cultivate after 15-25h the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor that adds hydrolysed mix quality 15-25% after holding temperature at 10-18 ℃, keep 5-12 hour; Then drying obtains the fermented bean dregs powder;
Described acid protease addition is the 0.2-1% of bean cake powder quality, and the AMS addition is the 0.01-0.05% of bean cake powder quality, and the trypsase addition is the 0.4-1% of bean cake powder quality.
9. the method for preparing soft pellet diet as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1-3; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor are mixed according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively;
The CICC20030 culture medium forms: peptone 5.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, NaCl5.0g, agar 15.0g, distilled water 1.0L, 3mg MnSO4H2O, pH7.0;
The CICC10063 culture medium forms: NaCl5.0g, beef extract 10.0g, dregs of beans 20g, peptone 10.0g, distilled water 1.0L, pH7.2.
10. a method for preparing the arbitrary described soft pellet diet of claim 1-6, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Soft pellet diet comprises that the raw material of following parts by weight forms: 35 parts, rice, 6 parts of popcorns, 4 parts of corns, 3 parts of steam fish meal, 5 parts, flour, 3 parts of dehulled soybean meals, 8 parts of whey powders, 4 parts of milk powder, 1 part of sucrose, 1 part of trehalose, 1 part of HFCS, 16 parts of fermented bean dregs, 2 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts, soybean lecithin powder, 0.4 part of salt, 1 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.01 part of calcium formate, 0.3 part, amino acid, 0.08 part of complex enzyme, 0.3 part of B B-complex, 0.4 part of composite trace element; Described composite trace element parts by weight consist of: 2 parts, ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of manganese sulfates, 1 part, zinc oxide, 5 parts of basic copper chlorides, 1 part, copper sulphate, 2 parts of sodium selenites, 2 parts of cobalt chlorides, 2 parts of calcium iodates;
Whey powder, milk powder, sucrose, trehalose, soybean lecithin powder and calcium formate component, by after the proportioning feeding, are dissolved in HFCS, make composite syrup; By rice, corn, dehulled soybean meal and fermented bean dregs carry out after by the proportioning feeding just pulverizing; Ultramicro grinding is to mix after particle diameter 15 μ m together with other raw materials again, then sends into soft granulator and granulate, pulverization rate≤6%; Utilize syrup spray drip apparatus composite syrup evenly to be sprayed to the surface of particulate material, particle diameter 1-3mm; Finally by the weighed amount of automatic packing, be packaged as finished product;
Described whey powder is the preparation of roller drying technique, and wherein lactose is beta lactose;
Described complex enzyme parts by weight consist of: 4 parts, protease, amylase 2 part;
Described amino acid masses ratio is Dlys:Dmet:Dthr:Dtrp:Dval=100:35:63:21:69;
Described B B-complex parts by weight form: dehydroretinol part, cholecalciferol part, 5 parts of vitamin Es;
The preparation method of described fermented bean dregs is as follows: by bean cake powder and corn flour in mass ratio 15:2 mix, obtain mix powder, in mix powder, add 6 times of weight water and control temperature to 60 ℃, add acid protease and AMS and trypsase, enzymolysis 4h, in enzymolysis process, make the pH value of mixture be controlled at 6, after enzymolysis by hydrolysed mix, adding 1.5% glucose, 0.1% magnesium sulfate and 0.5% sodium sulphate, then in 121 ℃ of moist heat sterilization 20min; In fermentation medium, add mixing bacillus subtilis seed liquor, inoculum concentration is 5%, and 28 ℃ of temperature, pH value are under the condition of 5-7, after cultivating after 20h the pickled vegetable fermentation liquor that adds hydrolysed mix quality 20%, holding temperature kept 8 hours at 15 ℃, then the dry fermented bean dregs powder that obtains;
Described acid protease addition is 0.5% of bean cake powder quality, and the AMS addition is 0.03% of bean cake powder quality, and the trypsase addition is 0.8% of bean cake powder quality;
Bacillus subtilis strain is respectively CICC10063 and CICC20030; The volume ratio of described CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor is 5:1.5; CICC10063 and CICC20030 seed liquor are mixed according to volume ratio after cultivating respectively; The CICC20030 culture medium forms: peptone 5.0g, beef leaching thing 3.0g, NaCl5.0g, agar 15.0g, distilled water 1.0L, 3mg MnSO4H2O, pH7.0; The CICC10063 culture medium forms: NaCl5.0g, beef extract 10.0g, dregs of beans 20g, peptone 10.0g, distilled water 1.0L, pH7.2;
The preparation of bacillus subtilis seed liquor:
(1) first order seed is cultivated: by bacillus subtilis slant strains access 500 ml shake flasks, and 100 milliliters of culture medium loading amounts, 180 rev/mins of rotary shaking tables, 30 ℃ of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24 hours;
(2) secondary seed is cultivated: according in 500 milliliters of secondary seed shaking flasks of inoculum concentration access of 10%, condition of culture is identical with first order seed by first order seed;
(3) three grades of seed culture: secondary seed is accessed in 5000 milliliters of three grades of seed shaking flasks to 1000 milliliters of culture medium loading amounts, 100 rev/mins of rotary shaking tables, 30 ℃ of cultivation temperature, incubation time 24 hours with 10% inoculum concentration;
(4) first class seed pot is cultivated: three grades of seeds be take to 10% inoculum concentration access total measurement (volume) and be the first class seed pot of 150L, fermentation medium loading amount 100L, 28 ℃ of cultivation temperature, 100 rev/mins of mixing speeds, ventilation V/V1:0.5, tank pressure 0.05MPa, incubation time 24;
Pickled vegetable fermentation liquor adopts the method that is prepared as follows to obtain: vegetable cleaning, and cutting, put into the pickle production container, adds subsequently the fermenting agent, 2% sucrose of 0.5 gram/kilogram, 1% salinity, airtight container; Control temperature at 25 ℃ of prior fermentations that carry out 30 hours, control subsequently temperature and carry out after fermentation in 20 hours at 15 ℃; Seal of vessel between whole yeast phase; After vegetables were removed in the complete separation of fermenting, remaining liq was pickled vegetable fermentation liquor; Described fermenting agent is lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetic mixed bacteria.
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CN104206915A (en) * 2014-09-16 2014-12-17 唐山师范学院 Production method and application of additive for promoting growth of piglets
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