CN103733009A - 由磷酸盐混凝土制成的间隔式电阻炉 - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
- F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/14—Supports for linings
- F27D1/145—Assembling elements
- F27D1/147—Assembling elements for bricks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
- F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D1/10—Monolithic linings; Supports therefor
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Abstract
本发明涉及机械工程中热工程单元的衬里和顶层的结构，并可以用于建造冶金建造热工程、石油加工和石化工业的工业炉，以及用于制造建筑材料和其他工业领域中。本发明的目的是制造一种具有低能耗、以及减小炉的重量和总尺寸的高耐火衬里的电阻炉。炉衬里的所有组件都使用了由高耐火不导电材料磷酸盐混凝土制成的块构成，并被用于作为承重构件。所述的构件用于操作温度高达1000℃的电阻炉中。本发明的技术效果包括增加了电阻炉的耐火衬里强度并减少了炉的电能源损耗、重量和总尺寸。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及机械工程中热工程单元的衬里和顶层的结构设计，可用于建造冶金建造、热工程、石油加工和石化工业的工业炉，以及可用于建筑材料的制造和其他行业分支中。
背景技术
苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟专利No. 1354020（IPC F27D 11/02）公开了如下的方案：固体陶瓷材料块通过支架固定在电阻炉中的炉壳上。孔安装在所述块的孔中，块由柔软的纤维绝缘材料。将固体陶瓷材料块放在尖锐的钩上。中间支承，例如，陶瓷管，铺设在平行于炉壳壁的块与块之间，采用夹子将钩子与中间支承相连接。加热元件被挂在挂钩，将电炉打开。
上述的电炉的缺点如下：结构强度不足导致使用附加结构件以及存在金属紧固件，这些导致热分流。
俄罗斯联邦专利No. 2218531（IPC 7 F27D1/08，热工程单元衬底的抗热性混凝土面板）是本发明最接近的现有技术。耐火混凝土面板包括一混凝土层以及内嵌加强网的混凝土预埋件安装面板中，其中在上基层设有一个纵向的孔以及在下基层设有一纵向的突起，其中，在上基层的孔与下基层的突出相嵌合，反之亦然。
上述的结构的缺点是面板含有加强网作为混凝土预埋件在耐火混凝土体中，从而导致在表面形成了热分流以及提供了在热转移时混凝土的断裂应力。一整块面板的应用使隔离绝热层的厚度大量增加，这就意味着炉外尺寸增大。
发明内容
本发明的目的是获得一种具有低能耗，以及减小炉的重量和总尺寸的高耐火衬里的电阻炉。
技术效果是增加了电阻炉的耐火衬里的强度并减少了炉的电能源损耗、重量和总尺寸。
间隔式电阻炉由耐火磷酸盐混凝土制成，含有互相连接的块与框架。
整体式保温块包括两个彼此对角错型、并相互连接的方形元件，而所有的块侧面排布成一个阶梯以及形成互锁连接。
在整体式保温块中有两个圆形孔以及两个窄的矩形孔。
间隔盘位于一个整体式保温块的表面，使两个整体式保温块之间形成空隙。
热单元包括一个具有可安装螺栓的孔的单块方形元件。每个螺栓将一个带有内部和外部保温砌块的热块固定安装到外部结构钢炉框架上。
炉顶包括一系列的整体式保温中央块以及两行整体式保温支撑块，其中，底端一行连接到一个在内上缘上为半圆柱形表面的整体式保温块上。
整体式保温支撑块的端部为半圆柱形，并与一形成在整体式保温中央块端部的半圆柱形凹槽连接。整体式保温支撑块的侧边制成阶梯形状并形成互锁连接。安装螺栓设于整体保温中央单元中。它们位于所述块的外表面、并用于安装到外部结构钢炉框架上。
炉底包括两行通过互锁连接结构相互连接的整体式保温块、以及一排热单元。每个螺栓将一个热单元和两个整体式保温块固定到外部金属底架上。
图1为一保温块示意图；
图2为间隔式炉壁的结构示意图；
图3为间隔式炉顶的示意图；
图4为炉底的示意图；
图5为间隔式炉结构的全视图。
一整体式保温块1（图1）包括两个彼此对角错型的正方形元件，而所有的块侧面排布成一个阶梯2、并形成互锁连接。
它们之间连接的不透气性，一方面是通过增加互锁连接的连接面、另一方面是通过增加连接边缘的表面粗糙度来维持的。这使得在单元连接部缺少对流以及散射的能量降低，从而使能量损耗减少。
两个圆形孔3和两个窄纵向孔4设于整体式保温块1中。
间隔盘5（图2）位于整体式保温块1的表面，使两个整体式保温块1之间形成空隙。
主要的绝热材料是在两块整体式保温块1之间的一层空气阱。间隔盘5在整体式保温块1之间提供了一个隔热空气层，并绝缘圆形孔3的功能，安装螺栓6和热单位8电流端子7固定在绝缘圆形孔中，以为安装螺栓6和电流端子7提供不透气性。
热单位8包括一整体式方形元件，它含有用于安装螺栓6的两个圆孔9。
炉顶（图3）包括一系列的整体式保温中心块10以及两行的整体式保温支撑块11，其中，底端一行连接一个内上缘为半圆柱形表面12的整体式保温块1。
整体式保温支撑块11包括半圆柱形端部13、并与整体保温中心块10的半圆柱形凹槽14、以及在整体保温支撑块底11的半圆柱形突起15相连。整体式保温支撑块11的侧边排布成阶梯16并形成互锁连接。
整体式保温中心块10的两端设有半圆形凹槽14，用于连接两行整体式保温支撑块11，并且侧边17形成阶梯以与另一侧边相连接。
整体式中心绝缘块10设有内置螺栓18，固定于所述块的外表面，用于与外部结构钢炉框架安装连接。
炉顶块通过半圆形突起和凹槽连接，扩大了连接表面，增加它们的不透气性，并产生了炉顶的柔性，在不降低连接密度的前提下降低了整个炉顶的热膨胀性。
一方面，安装螺栓不是热分流器，因为螺纹金属螺栓被耐火隔热磷酸盐绝缘，所述螺栓由此制成；另一方面，安装螺栓在热块中提供了一个密集气密的连接。
炉底部衬里的结构（图4）包括两行互相连接的整体式保温块1以及一行通过安装螺栓6安装在外部金属架的热块8。间隔盘没有在这个炉底结构中使用。这个炉底的耐压强度不低于50MPa。
所要保护的炉结构中，炉衬里的所有组件都使用了由高耐火不导电磷酸盐混凝土制成的整体式块构成，并且被用于作为承重构件。所述的组件用于操作温度高达1000℃的电阻炉中。
所述的块的表面粗糙度不小于0.63，从而确保与产生的离子键能紧密连接，并避免了作为溶液或耐火软线的密封材料的使用。
工业应用
本发明可用于建造冶金、热工程、石油加工以及石化工业中的工业炉，还可以用于制造建筑材料和其他工业领域中。
Claims (1)
1.一种由耐火磷酸盐混凝土制成的间隔式电阻炉，包括互连块和框架，一整体式保温块包括两个彼此对角错型的方形元件，因此所有的块侧面排布成一个阶梯以及形成互锁连接；
在整体式保温块中有两个圆形孔以及两个窄纵向孔，间隔盘位于整体式保温块的表面，使两块整体式保温块之间形成空隙；
热单元包括一用于安装螺栓的孔的整体式方形元件，每个螺栓将一个具有内部和外部保温砌块的热块固定安装到外部结构钢炉框架上；
炉顶包括一系列的整体式保温中央块以及两行整体式保温支撑块，底端的一行连接内上边缘为半圆柱形的整体式保温块，整体式保温支撑块的端部为半圆柱形、并连接整体式保温中央块边缘形成的半圆柱形凹槽，整体式保温支撑块的侧面排成阶梯并形成互锁连接；
安装螺栓设于整体式保温中央块中，并位于块的表面，用于安装到外部结构钢炉框架上，
炉底包括两行通过互锁结构互相连接的整体式保温块、以及一行通过螺栓安装固定在外部金属底部框架的热单元。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| RU2011124269 | 2011-06-15 | ||
| RU2011124269/02A RU2478176C2 (ru) | 2011-06-15 | 2011-06-15 | Камерная печь сопротивления из фосфатных бетонов |
| PCT/RU2012/000457 WO2012173524A1 (ru) | 2011-06-15 | 2012-06-13 | Камерная печь сопротивления из фосфатных бетонов |
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| CN103733009A true CN103733009A (zh) | 2014-04-16 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US20140208997A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2722626A4 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN103733009B (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2478176C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2012173524A1 (zh) |
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| SU1290051A1 (ru) * | 1985-06-18 | 1987-02-15 | Московский вечерний металлургический институт | Футеровка стен печей с внутренней рекуперацией и фасонный кирпич |
| DE4039601A1 (de) * | 1990-12-12 | 1992-06-17 | Sorg Gmbh & Co Kg | Schmelzwanne fuer glas-wannenoefen mit palisadensteinen und betriebsverfahren hierfuer |
| BR9204800A (pt) * | 1991-04-24 | 1993-07-27 | Gossler Kg Oscar | Revestimento termoprotetor e modulo para o mesmo |
-
2011
- 2011-06-15 RU RU2011124269/02A patent/RU2478176C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2012
- 2012-06-13 WO PCT/RU2012/000457 patent/WO2012173524A1/ru active Application Filing
- 2012-06-13 US US14/125,942 patent/US20140208997A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2012-06-13 EP EP12800184.9A patent/EP2722626A4/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-06-13 CN CN201280029014.5A patent/CN103733009B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| NZ196312A (en) * | 1980-02-21 | 1985-02-28 | Elkem As | Pre-fabricated lining units for electric furnaces:anchoring hooks cast into lining |
| EP0196432A1 (de) * | 1985-03-01 | 1986-10-08 | MAN Gutehoffnungshütte Aktiengesellschaft | Lichtbogenofen |
| SU1354020A1 (ru) * | 1986-01-03 | 1987-11-23 | Отделение Всесоюзного Научно-Исследовательского Института Электротермического Оборудования В Г.Харькове | Электропечь сопротивлени |
| RU2049297C1 (ru) * | 1991-08-09 | 1995-11-27 | Дойче Фоест-Альпине Индустрианлагенбау ГмбХ | Футеровка электродуговой печи постоянного тока |
| RU2218531C1 (ru) * | 2002-08-19 | 2003-12-10 | Зиганшин Рим Шайхайдарович | Панель из жаростойкого бетона для футеровки теплотехнических агрегатов |
| JP4659777B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-13 | 2011-03-30 | 新日鉄エンジニアリング株式会社 | 炉床の耐火断熱レンガを用いた構築方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103733009B (zh) | 2016-05-11 |
| EP2722626A4 (de) | 2015-06-03 |
| RU2478176C2 (ru) | 2013-03-27 |
| US20140208997A1 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
| WO2012173524A1 (ru) | 2012-12-20 |
| EP2722626A1 (de) | 2014-04-23 |
| RU2011124269A (ru) | 2012-12-20 |
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