CN103704104A - Fragrant-flowered garlic cultivation technique - Google Patents

Fragrant-flowered garlic cultivation technique Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103704104A
CN103704104A CN201310709628.4A CN201310709628A CN103704104A CN 103704104 A CN103704104 A CN 103704104A CN 201310709628 A CN201310709628 A CN 201310709628A CN 103704104 A CN103704104 A CN 103704104A
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Prior art keywords
leek
field planting
planting
nutrient solution
matrix
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CN201310709628.4A
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CN103704104B (en
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郭玲娟
赵文鑫
曾祥伟
刁洪胜
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Shandong Xincheng Modern Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable planting, in particular to a fragrant-flowered garlic cultivation technique. The cultivation technique comprises the following steps of seedling cultivating and field planting, and the seedling cultivating comprises the following steps of preparing a seedbed, selecting a variety, adopting a drilling method, and keeping a matrix wet before seedling emerging and after the seedling emerging. The field planting comprises the following steps of preparing a field planting groove, conducting processing before seedling planting, and adopting a soilless cultivation method. The plant diseases and insect pests of fragrant-flowered garlic roots are completely eradicated, it is completely guaranteed that the population density of bradysia odoriphaga in the whole growing period is 0, a small part of rootstocks are placed in a small-type field planting cup with small ceramsites, upright ventilation and upper portion growth of plants are conveniently supported, picking is convenient, the traditional single-layer planting mode is broken through, the space utilization rate is improved, nutrient solutions between the upper layer and the lower upper circularly flow, the dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solutions is greatly increased, the uniformity of the nutrient solutions is improved, the optimal root environment is provided for the fragrant-flowered garlic root systems, and the roots can conveniently absorb elements in the nutrient solutions.

Description

A kind of leek culture technique
Technical field
The present invention relates to growing vegetables technical field, more specifically a kind of leek culture technique.
Background technology
Leek belongs to Liliaceae allium perennial root plant, originates in China.It is nutritious, and blade, flower tongue and fragrant-flowered garlic are spent equal edible, contain abundant vitamin, mineral matter, carbohydrate and protein.Meanwhile, the leek volatile oil containing, main component is that sulfur-containing compound has special pungent fragrance, can improve a poor appetite, enhance metabolism and enterogastric peristalsis, has certain health-care effect and medical value.In leek production process, tend to be subject to causing harm of damage by disease and insect, especially the primary pest of fragrant-flowered garlic maggot harm leek, becomes the principal element that restriction leek is developed., there is very large problem defect in following several method.
The main agricultural chemicals that adopts is filled with the multiple prophylactico-therapeutic measuress such as root, sugar-vinegar liquid trapping adult, castor oil acid nicotine, crop rotation at present, and often residue of pesticide are larger, need repeatedly frequent dispenser, have very large food security hidden danger; Also be subject to the impact of environment and facilities and equipment condition, prophylactico-therapeutic measures lags behind, and it is very passive to produce; And time-consuming whole effect is not good, can not be from the harm of the root disease and pest of basic solution leek, and also current planting type leek edible part is less, and average edible height is 20-25cm.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is for above deficiency, and a kind of leek culture technique that can avoid leek root disease and pest is completely provided.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A leek culture technique, comprises the following steps: grows seedlings and field planting,
Described growing seedlings comprises the steps:
(1) prepare in seedbed: select the more smooth place of a slice, lay the thick matrix of 10cm, irrigate, guarantee that substrate temperature is at 10 ℃-15 ℃;
(2) kind is selected: select the good leek kind of stooling;
(3) adopt the method for drilling: seed is sprinkled in the little seed furrow of left and right of dark 1-2cm, and then covers by matrix;
(4) keep matrix moistening before emerging: water content of substrate is controlled at 75%-85%; Day temperature 20-25 ℃, nocturnal temperature 10-15 ℃;
(5) after emerging: day temperature 20-25 ℃, night 10-13 ℃; Matrix see dry see wet, air humidity 40%-60%; Seedling age 45-60 days;
Described field planting comprises the steps:
(1) field planting groove is prepared: field planting groove is placed on cultivating stand, and carrying the previous day is 1.5 buffer solution by putting into EC in field planting groove, field planting groove depth 20cm, and the buffer solution degree of depth is 15cm;
(2) seedling pre-treatment: first the leek seedling taking out is wiped out to part root system to 1cm from matrix; Then be put in clear water and clean, remove remaining matrix; Cut top greenery, apart from root, upwards remain the height of 2cm;
(3) on field planting plate, field planting hole plant spacing is 10 * 10cm, planting cup of every hole field planting, and every 10 strain leek pugil field planting, to planting cup, are then put into little haydite and are passed into nutrient solution and cultivate.
Above-mentioned matrix is vermiculite.
In above-mentioned kind selection, the kind of leek is snow fragrant-flowered garlic 791 and/or Hanzhong winter fragrant-flowered garlic.
Above-mentioned cultivating stand is double-deck cultivating stand, the long 20-35 rice of cultivating stand, and the spacing of every row cultivating stand is 0.8-1 rice, cultivating stand is divided into two-layer up and down, 1 meter of width, two interlamellar spacings are 90cm, and lower floor is apart from ground 10cm, and this mode is multi-layer solid cultivation mode.
Above-mentioned nutrient solution comprises following index:
The nutrient solution source of manure requires: leek water planting special fertilizer;
Water supply standard: EC is less than 0.02mS/cm, PH is 6.5-7.5, content of mineral substances meets the pure water of agricultural water requirement;
Compounding: direct configuration effort liquid, by leek water planting special fertilizer preliminarily solubilised, carrying out secondary dilution, is directly made into working solution, for leek soilless culture;
Nutrient solution EC value: between the EC value 1.5-3.5 of leek whole breeding time, the main difference of leek and the difference of breeding time and determine, integral body is followed the low EC of high temperature, the principle of the high EC of low temperature;
Liquid PH value: PH maintains between 5.2-6.8, and PH is too high with phosphoric acid or nitric acid debugging, otherwise debugs with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide;
The use of nutrient solution: nutrient solution recycles, water on cultivating stand upper strata, through lower floor's backwater, remains between the interior nutrient solution EC1.5-3.5 of nutrition liquid pool; Nutrient solution is circulated throughout rear sterilization 2 hours for every 24 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, adopt Soilless Culture Methods, fundamentally avoided leek root disease and pest survival environment, the generation of having stopped leek root disease and pest, has solved food-safety problem, and the insect density that guarantees fragrant-flowered garlic maggot whole breeding time is completely 0.
2, most of root growth, in nutrient solution liquid layer, provides moisture, nutrient, oxygen by nutrient solution for it; Small part rhizome is deployed in the small-sized planting cup by built-in little haydite, is convenient to support the upright ventilated and top growth of plant, and plucks conveniently, has reduced to pluck consuming.
3, break conventional monolayers cropping pattern, made full use of plantation space, improved space availability ratio;
4, the nutrient solution between levels circulates in process, not only greatly increased the dissolved oxygen amount in nutrient solution, and improved the homogeneity of nutrient solution, for leek root system provides a best root environment, be more beneficial to root for the absorption of various elements in nutrient solution.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention, but therefore do not limit the present invention.
1, grow seedlings.Adopt vermiculite seedbed seedling raising manners.
1. prepare in seedbed.Select the more smooth place of a slice, lay the thick matrix of 10cm (vermiculite), irrigate, guarantee that substrate temperature is at 12 ℃;
2. kind is selected.Water planting leek stooling is poor, selects weak winter variety snow fragrant-flowered garlic 791 and 2 kinds of Hanzhong winter fragrant-flowered garlic;
3. adopt the method for drilling, seed is sprinkled in the little seed furrow of left and right of dark 1-2cm, and then covers with vermiculite;
4. before emerging, keep vermiculite moistening, water content of substrate is controlled at 80%; 23 ℃ of day temperatures, 13 ℃ of nocturnal temperatures;
5. after emerging, 23 ℃ of day temperatures, 11 ℃ of nights; Matrix see dry see wet, air humidity 50%; Seedling age 50 days.
2, field planting
1. field planting groove is prepared: field planting groove is placed on cultivating stand, cultivating stand is double-deck cultivating stand, width 1m, upper and lower two interlamellar spacings are 90cm, and lower floor is apart from ground 10cm, the long 20-35 rice of cultivating stand, the spacing of every row cultivating stand is 1 meter, carrying the previous day is 1.5 buffer solution by putting into EC in field planting groove, field planting groove depth 20cm, and the buffer solution degree of depth is 15cm;
2. seedling pre-treatment: first the leek seedling taking out is wiped out to part root system to 1cm from vermiculite; Subsequently, be put in clear water and clean, remove remaining vermiculite; Then, cut top greenery, apart from root, upwards remain the height of 2cm;
3. on field planting plate, field planting hole plant spacing is 10 * 10cm, planting cup of every hole field planting, and every 10 strain leek pugil field planting, to planting cup, are then put into little haydite;
3, nutrient management
1. the nutrient solution source of manure requires: leek water planting special fertilizer, and interior, B fertile two pouches fertile by A form, and buy from the north, The Big Red Gate, Beijing Chemical Co., Ltd.;
2. water supply standard.Purified pure water, EC is less than 0.02mS/cm, and PH is 7, and content of mineral substances meets agricultural water requirement.
3. compounding.Directly configuration effort liquid, by leek water planting special fertilizer preliminarily solubilised, carrying out secondary dilution, is directly made into working solution, for leek soilless culture.
4. EC value is determined according to the difference of the difference of leek and breeding time.Between the EC value 1.5-3.5 of leek whole breeding time, integral body is followed the low EC of high temperature, the principle of the high EC of low temperature.
5. pH value.PH maintains between 5.2-6.8, if PH is too high with phosphoric acid or nitric acid debugging, otherwise debugs with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
4, detect in real time
Regularly random sampling, Real-Time Monitoring, Monday inspection.Result shows, whole breeding time, the insect density of fragrant-flowered garlic maggot was 0, had fundamentally avoided leek root disease and pest survival environment, and the generation of having stopped leek root disease and pest, has solved food-safety problem, and the average edible height of leek of the present invention is 35-40cm.

Claims (6)

1. a leek culture technique, comprises the following steps: grows seedlings and field planting,
Described growing seedlings comprises the steps:
(1) prepare in seedbed: select the more smooth place of a slice, lay the thick matrix of 10cm, irrigate, guarantee that substrate temperature is at 10 ℃-15 ℃;
(2) kind is selected: select the good leek kind of stooling;
(3) adopt the method for drilling: seed is sprinkled in the little seed furrow of left and right of dark 1-2cm, and then covers by matrix;
(4) keep matrix moistening before emerging: water content of substrate is controlled at 75%-85%; Day temperature 20-25 ℃, nocturnal temperature 10-15 ℃;
(5) after emerging: day temperature 20-25 ℃, night 10-13 ℃; Matrix see dry see wet, air humidity 40%-60%; Seedling age 45-60 days;
Described field planting comprises the steps:
(1) field planting groove is prepared: field planting groove is placed on cultivating stand, and carrying the previous day is 1.5 buffer solution by putting into EC in field planting groove, field planting groove depth 20cm, and the buffer solution degree of depth is 15cm;
(2) seedling pre-treatment: first the leek seedling taking out is wiped out to part root system to 1cm from matrix; Then be put in clear water and clean, remove remaining matrix; Cut top greenery, apart from root, upwards remain the height of 2cm;
(3) on field planting plate, field planting hole plant spacing is 10 * 10cm, planting cup of every hole field planting, and every 10 strain leek pugil field planting, to planting cup, are then put into little haydite and are passed into nutrient solution and cultivate.
2. a kind of leek culture technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described matrix is vermiculite.
3. a kind of leek culture technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in the substrate temperature described in preparation process of growing seedlings be 12 ℃.
4. a kind of leek culture technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described kind selection, the kind of leek is snow fragrant-flowered garlic 791 and/or Hanzhong winter fragrant-flowered garlic.
5. a kind of leek culture technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cultivating stand is double-deck cultivating stand, the long 20-35 rice of cultivating stand, the spacing of every row cultivating stand is 0.8-1 rice, and cultivating stand is divided into two-layer up and down, width 1m, two interlamellar spacings are 90cm, and lower floor is apart from ground 10cm.
6. a kind of leek culture technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described nutrient solution comprises following index:
The nutrient solution source of manure requires: leek water planting special fertilizer;
Water supply standard: EC is less than 0.02mS/cm, PH is 6.5-7.5, content of mineral substances meets the pure water of agricultural water requirement;
Compounding: direct configuration effort liquid, by leek water planting special fertilizer preliminarily solubilised, carrying out secondary dilution, is directly made into working solution, for leek soilless culture;
Nutrient solution EC value: between the EC value 1.5-3.5 of leek whole breeding time;
Liquid PH value: PH maintains between 5.2-6.8, and PH is too high with phosphoric acid or nitric acid debugging, otherwise debugs with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide;
The use of nutrient solution: nutrient solution recycles, water on cultivating stand upper strata, through lower floor's backwater, remains between the interior nutrient solution EC1.5-3.5 of nutrition liquid pool; Nutrient solution is circulated throughout rear sterilization 2 hours for every 24 hours.
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Cited By (11)

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CN104813812A (en) * 2015-05-05 2015-08-05 柳州三农科技有限公司 Harvesting method for improving yield of Chinese chives
CN105359761A (en) * 2014-08-26 2016-03-02 贵州雷之源生态农业开发有限公司 Method for culturing leek
CN105900662A (en) * 2016-05-12 2016-08-31 山东理工大学 Soilless half-hydroponic planting method of organic Chinese chives
CN106359042A (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-02-01 四川新生启航农业科技有限公司 Cultivation method of hotbed chives or Chinese chives
CN106478265A (en) * 2016-10-20 2017-03-08 山东鑫诚现代农业科技有限责任公司 A kind of nuisanceless water planting leek nutrient solution
CN106489517A (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-03-15 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 A kind of Small plastic shed Folium Allii tuberosi cultivation and insulation harvesting method
CN106508397A (en) * 2016-11-15 2017-03-22 覃杨 Method for open-air soil-less leek cultivation on roof
CN107155841A (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-09-15 蚌埠市乔峰农业蔬菜专业合作社 A kind of water planting propagation method of leek
CN107969313A (en) * 2016-10-24 2018-05-01 梁小琼 A kind of soilless culture method of leek
CN112075332A (en) * 2020-09-22 2020-12-15 肖建中 Cultivation method of hydroponic Chinese chives
CN113924960A (en) * 2021-10-11 2022-01-14 石家庄市农林科学研究院 Chinese chive water culture process

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105359761A (en) * 2014-08-26 2016-03-02 贵州雷之源生态农业开发有限公司 Method for culturing leek
CN104813812A (en) * 2015-05-05 2015-08-05 柳州三农科技有限公司 Harvesting method for improving yield of Chinese chives
CN105900662A (en) * 2016-05-12 2016-08-31 山东理工大学 Soilless half-hydroponic planting method of organic Chinese chives
CN106359042A (en) * 2016-08-26 2017-02-01 四川新生启航农业科技有限公司 Cultivation method of hotbed chives or Chinese chives
CN106478265A (en) * 2016-10-20 2017-03-08 山东鑫诚现代农业科技有限责任公司 A kind of nuisanceless water planting leek nutrient solution
CN107969313A (en) * 2016-10-24 2018-05-01 梁小琼 A kind of soilless culture method of leek
CN106508397A (en) * 2016-11-15 2017-03-22 覃杨 Method for open-air soil-less leek cultivation on roof
CN106489517A (en) * 2017-01-10 2017-03-15 山东省农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 A kind of Small plastic shed Folium Allii tuberosi cultivation and insulation harvesting method
CN107155841A (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-09-15 蚌埠市乔峰农业蔬菜专业合作社 A kind of water planting propagation method of leek
CN112075332A (en) * 2020-09-22 2020-12-15 肖建中 Cultivation method of hydroponic Chinese chives
CN113924960A (en) * 2021-10-11 2022-01-14 石家庄市农林科学研究院 Chinese chive water culture process
CN113924960B (en) * 2021-10-11 2022-09-06 石家庄市农林科学研究院 Chinese chive water culture process

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