CN103695866B - 采用简单化学气相沉积法制备Sb掺杂p型ZnO薄膜的方法 - Google Patents

采用简单化学气相沉积法制备Sb掺杂p型ZnO薄膜的方法 Download PDF

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CN103695866B
CN103695866B CN201310729355.XA CN201310729355A CN103695866B CN 103695866 B CN103695866 B CN 103695866B CN 201310729355 A CN201310729355 A CN 201310729355A CN 103695866 B CN103695866 B CN 103695866B
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CN103695866A (zh
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冯秋菊
刘洋
吕佳音
唐凯
李梦轲
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Jiangsu Xinhe Environmental Technology Co., Ltd
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Liaoning Normal University
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Abstract

本发明公开一种采用简单化学气相沉积法制备Sb掺杂p型ZnO薄膜的方法,是将锌源和锑源按质量比为5:1充分混合制成反应源材料,所述锌源为纯度至少为99.99%的固态Zn粉,所述锑源为纯度为99.999%的Sb2O3粉与纯度为99.99%的Sb粉的混合物,Sb2O3粉与Sb粉的质量比为2:1;将反应源材料及衬底放入石英舟内,衬底位于反应源材料下方1.5cm处,然后再将石英舟放入化学气相沉积系统生长室内的高温加热区,生长室内的压力为10Pa,生长温度为600℃,载气为流量300sccm的高纯氩气,氧气流量为20sccm,生长时间为30分钟;关闭氧气,保持氩气流量,生长温度降温至300℃以下后,即可取出制品。

Description

采用简单化学气相沉积法制备Sb掺杂p型ZnO薄膜的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种Sb掺杂生长p型ZnO薄膜的方法,属于半导体材料领域,尤其涉及一种可有效提高载流子浓度的采用简单化学气相沉积法制备Sb掺杂p型ZnO薄膜的方法。
背景技术
ZnO是一种新型的-族直接宽禁带半导体材料,室温下禁带宽度为3.37eV,激子束缚能相对较高(达60meV),为此,ZnO材料已成为短波长光电器件的理想候选材料之一,尤其是在蓝紫光发光二极管(LEDs)和激光器(LDs)等领域有着较好的应用前景和研发价值,ZnO薄膜是ZnO材料的主要品种之一,具体有n型和p型ZnO薄膜两种。由于ZnO是一种非故意掺杂的n型材料,对受主掺杂会产生很强的自补偿效应及受主杂质有限的固溶度或较深的受主能级,因此制备高质量的p型ZnO薄膜非常困难,极大的限制了ZnO基光电器件的开发应用。
目前p型ZnO的掺杂剂多采用族元素,如N、P、As及Sb等,而N是目前应用最多的掺杂剂。但是,由于N存在着在ZnO中固溶度比较低,受主能级深及激活率低等缺点,使得N掺杂的p型ZnO掺杂效率低;对于采用P、As及Sb作为ZnO受主掺杂剂,主要采用金属有机化学气相沉积法(MOCVD)来制备,因需要采用金属有机源,原材料较贵且设备复杂。
简单化学气相沉积方法因不采用金属有机源,具有设备简单、价格低廉、生产成本低等一些优势,已广泛用于低维材料的制备。2013年第5期《物理学报》公开了“CVD法制备p-ZnO薄膜/n-Si异质结发光二极管及其性能研究”,其中所公开的CVD法制备p-ZnO薄膜的方法如下:“首先将Si片分别放入丙酮和酒精中超声清洗,以去除表面的有机杂质,再用稀释的氢氟酸溶液去除衬底表面的氧化层,然后再用去离子水冲洗,并用N2吹干,迅速放入生长室。本实验采用高纯度Zn粉(99.999%),Sb2O3粉末(99.999%)和氧气分别作为源材料,将Zn粉和Sb2O3粉末充分混合后放入石英舟上,然后放入管式炉的中央,生长过程中用机械泵将生长室内的压力控制在10Pa左右,高纯氩气作为载气,流量控制在200sccm,生长过程中氧气流量在60sccm;生长温度控制在670℃,生长30min.此外,我们对制备出来的制品在800℃氧气氛下进行了退火处理以改善薄膜特性。”,所制备的p-ZnO薄膜的载流子浓度为9.56×1017cm-3,并没有达到理想状态。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决现有技术所存在的上述技术问题,提供一种可有效提高载流子浓度的采用简单化学气相沉积法制备Sb掺杂p型ZnO薄膜的方法。
本发明的技术解决方案是:一种采用简单化学气相沉积法制备Sb掺杂p型ZnO薄膜的方法,其特征在于按如下步骤进行:
a.将锌源和锑源按质量比为5:1充分混合制成反应源材料,所述锌源为纯度至少为99.99%的固态Zn粉,所述锑源为纯度为99.999%的Sb2O3粉与纯度为99.99%的Sb粉的混合物,Sb2O3粉与Sb粉的质量比为2:1;
b.将反应源材料及衬底放入石英舟内,衬底位于反应源材料下方1.5cm处,然后再将石英舟放入化学气相沉积系统生长室内的高温加热区,生长室内的压力为10Pa,生长温度为600℃,载气为流量300sccm的高纯氩气,氧气流量为20sccm,生长时间为30分钟;
c.关闭氧气,保持氩气流量,生长温度降温至300℃以下后,即可取出制品。
将所得制品在750℃的温度下氧气氛中进行退火,退火时间为10~90分钟。
本发明是以Sb2O3粉与Sb粉的混合物为锑源并以与现有技术所不同的锌源/锑源、生长温度、载气流量及氧气流量等为反应条件进行简单化学气相沉积,不但具有设备简单、价格低廉等优点,更主要的是改善了Sb掺杂p型ZnO薄膜的电学参数,将载流子浓度从现有的9.56×1017cm-3提高至1.761×1018cm-3,提高了一个数量级;退火温度由现有技术的800℃降为750℃,不仅节省了能耗,而且进一步提高p型ZnO的掺杂质量,其霍尔迁移率可达4cm2/V·s。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1扫描电子显微镜照片。
图2是本发明实施例2扫描电子显微镜照片。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
采用现有的简单化学气相沉积设备,如管式炉等。衬底采用氧化锌、氮化镓、蓝宝石、碳化硅、硅、砷化镓、磷化铟、氟化钙、石英、玻璃以及金属等均可,沉积反应前的清洗方法亦同现有技术,具体按如下步骤进行:
a.将锌源和锑源按质量比为5:1充分混合制成反应源材料,所述锌源为纯度至少为99.99%的固态Zn粉,所述锑源为纯度为99.999%的Sb2O3粉与纯度为99.99%的Sb粉的混合物,Sb2O3粉与Sb粉的质量比为2:1;
b.将反应源材料及衬底放入石英舟内,蓝宝石位于反应源材料下方1.5cm处,然后再将石英舟放入化学气相沉积系统生长室内的高温加热区,用机械泵将生长室内的压力控制为10Pa,生长温度为600℃,载气为流量300sccm的高纯氩气,氧气流量为20sccm,生长时间为30分钟;
c.关闭氧气,保持氩气流量,生长温度降温至300℃以下后,即可取出制品。
所得制品为在蓝宝石衬底上制备出Sb掺杂的ZnO薄膜。扫描电子显微镜
镜下图如图1所示:制品表面是由较大的块状单晶组成的膜状结构,单晶的尺寸、密度分布比较均匀;霍尔测量结果给出Sb掺杂ZnO薄膜呈p型导电性质,其载流子浓度为1.761×1018cm-3
实施例2:
基本方法同实施例1,与实施例1所不同的是将生长完的样品在750℃的温度下氧气氛中进行退火,退火时间为50分钟。
实施例2中退火后样品的扫描电子显微镜照片如图2所示,我们发现退火后样品的晶粒尺寸明显变大,并且晶界也变得不明显,进一步提高了p型ZnO的掺杂质量,其霍尔迁移率可达4cm2/V·s。

Claims (2)

1.一种采用简单化学气相沉积法制备Sb掺杂p型ZnO薄膜的方法,其特征在于按如下步骤进行:
a.将锌源和锑源按质量比为5:1充分混合制成反应源材料,所述锌源为纯度至少为99.99%的固态Zn粉,所述锑源为纯度为99.999%的Sb2O3粉与纯度为99.99%的Sb粉的混合物,Sb2O3粉与Sb粉的质量比为2:1;
b.将反应源材料及衬底放入石英舟内,衬底位于反应源材料下方1.5cm处,然后再将石英舟放入化学气相沉积系统生长室内的高温加热区,生长室内的压力为10Pa,生长温度为600℃,载气为流量300sccm的高纯氩气,氧气流量为20sccm,生长时间为30分钟;
c.关闭氧气,保持氩气流量,生长温度降温至300℃以下后,即可取出制品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的采用简单化学气相沉积法制备Sb掺杂p型ZnO薄膜的方法,其特征在于将所得制品在750℃的温度下氧气中进行退火,退火时间为10~90分钟。
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