CN103651617A - Plant extract for inducing tobacco to generate resistance to powdery mildew and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant diseases and insect pests green ecological prevention and control technology, and discloses a plant extract for inducing tobacco to generate the resistance to tobacco powdery mildew. The plant extract is a red onion extract. The plant extract also includes a Chinese honeylocust fruit extract and water. The weight ratio of red onion, Chinese honeylocust fruit and water in the plant extract is 1-10:2:2-10. The red onion extract is found to be capable of obviously inducing tobacco plants to generate the resistance to tobacco powdery mildew, so that the plant extract can guard and effectively prevent tobacco from being suffered from powdery mildew, can fundamentally inhibit tobacco powdery mildew to generate harm on tobacco, not only is safe to tobacco, but also is safe to people, animals and environment, and moreover has great economic significance and environmental-protection ecological value.

Description

A kind of evoking tobacco produces the plant extracts of powder mildew resistance and preparation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to plant pest green ecological Prevention Technique field, relate in particular to a kind of evoking tobacco and produce the plant extracts of powder mildew resistance and preparation method.

Background technology

Powdery Mildew in Tobacco is commonly called as " upper ash ", " frost occurs ", " upper nitre ".This disease mostly is the ripe Lao Ye of evil, from bottom to top development.Blade morbidity, is just rotund yellowish-brown stigma, and on rear spot, existing white powdery point, makes scab be blanket shape, and patch expands, and white powder is covered with whole blade, and the first chlorisis browning of sick leaf is rear withered.The tender stem of causing harm when serious, is also covered with white powder on sick stem.Thin as a piece of paper after sick leaf baking, the look brown of secretly becoming rusty, loses economic worth.All there is generation in China Ge Yan district, wherein general with south China, southwest and Central China Yan Qu, endangers also heavier.

Cause of disease is Powdery Mildew in Tobacco bacterium, belongs to Ascomycotina, gang pyrenomycetes, Erysiphales, Erysiphe.Seedling stage and strain phase all can occur.

Powdery Mildew in Tobacco by the tobacco powder spore bacterium of Deuteromycotina infect cause.It has condition to be included into two spore powdery mildews of Ascomycotina, but has condition seldom to find.Germ mycelia tool is separated, colourless.Conidiophore without condition is vertical with mycelia, thread, shorter, without branch, and approximately 80～120 * 12～14 microns of sizes, acroconidium.Conidium is concatenated, from top to bottom ripe, colourless in turn, unit cell, and cylindrical shape, size is 30～32 * 13～15 microns.22 ℃～28 ℃ of pathogen growth thermophilics.23 ℃～25 ℃ of conidia germination optimum temperatures, the suitableeest relative moisture 60%～80%.In relative moisture, below 20%, still have minority spore to sprout, but seldom can sprout in relative moisture 100% or water droplet.Germ belongs to obligate ectophyte, and all mycelium length is on host surface, with hapteron, stretches into and in epidermal cells of host, draws nutrient.There is physiological differentiation phenomenon in germ, has the biological strain of many different pathological forms, and they are widely different to different hosts' pathogenicity.Germ host range is wide, except tobacco, can also infect 100 various plants such as Curcurbitaceae, composite family.

The current method of preventing and treating mainly contains:

(1) select disease-resistant variety

(2) extract the pin leaf of catching an illness

The generation of powdery mildew is from the more ripe blade in cigarette strain bottom, spread from bottom to top, tobacco grower, in order reducing the loss, often to infect bottom the From The Immature Leaves of powdery mildew and adopts in advance roasting, greatly reduce field and infected pathogeny, to reducing state of an illness climbing, had fine inhibitory action.In bake process, directly enter drying muscle stage temperature after hanging Huang, avoided the brown reaction of fixation stage.Not low-lying land, continuous cropping plant cigarette; Regulation irrigation and drainage system, carries out high furrow zanjon cultivation, after rain, drains the water away in time; Rational application of fertilizers (N:P:K=1:2:3 or 1:2:2) sprays leaf nutritive agent in good time.

(3) chemical control

20% triadimefon can 1000～1500 times of liquid of wet-milling, 70% topsin+75% tpn can 1000～1500 times of liquid of wet-milling (1:1), 50% Tuzet can 600 times of liquid of wet-milling, and 40% triazolone carbendazim can 1000 times of liquid of wet-milling, 50% 800～1000 times of triazolone sulphur suspends liquid, or 45% triazolone tmtd can 800～1000 times of liquid of wet-milling, when plant envelope row, connect and spray 2～3 times, every 7～10 days once, alternately use, spray even spray foot.

(4) tie up and on bar, before a heatable brick bed, spray thiophanate methyl

Powdery mildew conidium germination maximum temperature is 32 ℃, and when during baking, flavescence temperature does not surpass 32 ℃, disease can continue development, and often 1 grade of sick leaf (lesion area accounts for leaf area below 5%) enters after barn, and scab still continues to expand, and is even covered with full leaf.Tie up on bar, before a heatable brick bed, sick foliar spray is executed to thiophanate methyl, the expansion that can effectively suppress scab spreads.

(5) vega ponding

Often cause field humidity large, be beneficial to disease popular, should take high ridging cultivation, often keep ditch unobstructed, get rid of in time field ponding.

(6) adopt in time roasting pin leaf

Improve field illumination, ventilation condition, reduce field humidity, reduce disease and spread.

Although more than the method for preventing and treating can be prevented and treated to a certain extent the generation of Powdery Mildew in Tobacco and spread, effect is not very desirable, and can not fundamentally stop the generation of Powdery Mildew in Tobacco.

Natural active matter in plant is to have bioactive natural treasure-house, have and can produce the secondary metabolite that surpasses 400,000 kinds, many metabolites have antibacterial activity, and there is the function that induction plant produces induction of resistance, and derive from nature, to people, animal safety, pollution-free, become the focus that current new type bactericide and induction of resistance agent are studied.In recent years, domestic and international many scholars had done deep investigation and research to antibacterial, the induction of resistance of some plants, and red green onion is the red allium of Iridaceae, is distributed widely in Guangxi, Yunnan.Property bitter, cool, bulb, herb can be used as medicine.

Plant has abundant natural activity compound, at present, more to the research of plant-based bacteriostat both at home and abroad.Bactericide derives from nature, safety, the pollution-free focus that has become current new type bactericide initiative research.Its structure type relates to the compounds such as terpene, alkaloids, flavonoids.But the research to the issuable induction of resistance of plant just just starts, the induction of resistance activity that red green onion produces on tobacco plant has been confirmed in this research invention for the first time.

Summary of the invention

The present invention finds that red Herba Alii fistulosi extract can produce powder mildew resistance by evoking tobacco plant, thereby avoids tobacco generation powdery mildew.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

It is red Herba Alii fistulosi extract to the plant extracts of powder mildew resistance that evoking tobacco of the present invention produces.

This plant extracts also comprises Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract and water.

In this plant extracts, the weight ratio of red green onion and Chinese honey locust is 1-10:2.

Preferred: 2-5:2.

More preferably: 3:2.

In this plant extracts, the weight ratio of red green onion, Chinese honey locust and water is 1-10:2:2-10.

Preferred: 2-5:2:3-7.

More preferably: 3:2:5.

The method of preparing plant extracts of the present invention is as follows:

(1) preparation of red Herba Alii fistulosi extract, dries red green onion complete stool, pulverizes, and with methyl alcohol, presses 1:5 lixiviate twice, filters, and filtrate is used Rotary Evaporators reduced pressure concentration below at 30 ℃, obtains medicinal extract, and low temperature saves backup;

(2) preparation of Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract, dries the fruit of Chinese honey locust, pulverizes, and with methyl alcohol, presses 1:5 lixiviate twice, filters, and filtrate is used Rotary Evaporators reduced pressure concentration below at 30 ℃, obtains medicinal extract, and low temperature saves backup;

(3) be mixed, the red Herba Alii fistulosi extract and the Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract that allow in use step (1) and step (2) prepare add water, by proportioning, mix and can use.

Good effect of the present invention is as follows:

The present invention finds that red Herba Alii fistulosi extract can evoking tobacco plant produces powder mildew resistance, so can prevent and prevent that tobacco from producing powdery mildew, can fundamentally solve the puzzlement of powdery mildew to tobacco, safety and environmental protection not only, and there is huge economic implications.

Embodiment

The following examples are to describe in further detail of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

1 Preparatory work of experiment

1.1 test strain

Cause of disease is Powdery Mildew in Tobacco

1.2 induction of resistance plant societys

Red green onion, Chinese honey locust.

1.3 instrument

Ultrasonic cleaner HS-10260D, Rotary Evaporators R-215 (

), electronic balance AL204-IC (plum Teller-Tuo benefit Instrument Ltd.), ultraviolet analysis instrument for three purposed WFH-203 (above Industrial Co., Ltd. of Nereid section), HPLC analyzer (Waters), superclean bench SW-CJ-IF (safe and sound company of Su Jing group manufactures), full-automatic high-pressure autoclave MLS-2420 (SANYO Electric Co, Ltd.), electro-heating standing-temperature cultivator DHP-360 (Beijing forever bright Medical Instruments factory).

The induction of resistance of 2 red Herba Alii fistulosi extracts is active

The extraction of 2.1 active substance of plant

Red green onion complete stool is dried, pulverize.Take 500g with methyl alcohol by 1:5 lixiviate twice, filter.Filtrate is used Rotary Evaporators reduced pressure concentration below at 30 ℃, obtains medicinal extract, and low temperature saves backup.

The fruit of Chinese honey locust is dried, pulverize.Take 500g with methyl alcohol by 1:5 lixiviate twice, filter.Filtrate is used Rotary Evaporators reduced pressure concentration below at 30 ℃, obtains medicinal extract, and low temperature saves backup.

2.2 induction of resistance determinations of activity

Laboratory adopts pot-culture method, and field directly sprays in vega tobacco plant.After working sample produces induction of resistance to tobacco plant, the inhibitory action to powdery mildew morbidity.

Laboratory pot-culture method: red green onion crude extract water is dissolved, be formulated as the sample solution of 20mg/mL, with pure water blank, each sample is established 3 repetitions.Use lesion area rate, calculate induction of resistance inhibiting rate (%), and data are carried out to statistical analysis.Be calculated as follows inhibiting rate:

The active effect (%) of induction of resistance=(contrast lesion area-processing lesion area)/contrast lesion area * 100

Positive control adopts 75% tpn wetting powder (WP): water dissolves, and is formulated as the positive control solution of 20mg/mL.

Field induction of resistance effect: red Herba Alii fistulosi extract, Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract and water are mixed according to the ratio of 1:2:7,3:2:5,5:2:3, spray in the tobacco plant of 13 leaves with sprayer, investigate the effect of induction of resistance after 10 days.

The active result of 2.3 induction of resistance

The measurement result in laboratory shows, red green onion has significantly to the active effect of the induction of resistance of Powdery Mildew in Tobacco.

Table 1: the induction of resistance active function of red Herba Alii fistulosi extract to Powdery Mildew in Tobacco

Note: in table, data are to repeat mean value 3 times.

2.4 induction of resistance field effects

Field test result shows, red green onion has significantly to the active effect of the induction of resistance of Powdery Mildew in Tobacco.Consider the factors such as cost, red green onion and the ratio of Chinese honey locust using that 3:2 mixes as the most applicable proportioning.

Table 2: the induction of resistance active function of plant extracts to Powdery Mildew in Tobacco

Note: in table, data are to repeat mean value 3 times.

Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is limited by claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (9)

1. evoking tobacco produces the plant extracts to powder mildew resistance, it is characterized in that: this plant extracts is red Herba Alii fistulosi extract.

2. as claim 1 plant extracts, it is characterized in that: this plant extracts also comprises Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract and water.

3. as claim 2 plant extracts, it is characterized in that: in this plant extracts, the weight ratio of red green onion and Chinese honey locust is 1-10:2.

4. as claim 2 plant extracts, it is characterized in that: in this plant extracts, the weight ratio of red green onion and Chinese honey locust is 2-5:2.

5. as claim 2 plant extracts, it is characterized in that: in this plant extracts, the weight ratio of red green onion and Chinese honey locust is 3:2.

6. as claim 2 plant extracts, it is characterized in that: in this plant extracts, the weight ratio of red green onion, Chinese honey locust and water is 1-10:2:2-10.

7. as claim 2 plant extracts, it is characterized in that: in this plant extracts, the weight ratio of red green onion, Chinese honey locust and water is 2-5:2:3-7.

8. as claim 2 plant extracts, it is characterized in that: in this plant extracts, the weight ratio of red green onion, Chinese honey locust and water is 3:2:5.

9. a method of preparing the plant extracts as described in claim 2-8 any one, is characterized in that: method is as follows:

(1) preparation of red Herba Alii fistulosi extract, dries red green onion complete stool, pulverizes, and with methyl alcohol, presses 1:5 lixiviate twice, filters, and filtrate is used Rotary Evaporators reduced pressure concentration below at 30 ℃, obtains medicinal extract, and low temperature saves backup;

(2) preparation of Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract, dries the fruit of Chinese honey locust, pulverizes, and with methyl alcohol, presses 1:5 lixiviate twice, filters, and filtrate is used Rotary Evaporators reduced pressure concentration below at 30 ℃, obtains medicinal extract, and low temperature saves backup;

(3) be mixed, the red Herba Alii fistulosi extract and the Fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis extract that allow in use step (1) and step (2) prepare add moisture, by proportioning, mix and can use.