CN111919678B - Application of mepiquat chloride in increasing content of hyperin in abelmoschus manihot - Google Patents
Application of mepiquat chloride in increasing content of hyperin in abelmoschus manihot Download PDFInfo
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- CN111919678B CN111919678B CN201910717990.3A CN201910717990A CN111919678B CN 111919678 B CN111919678 B CN 111919678B CN 201910717990 A CN201910717990 A CN 201910717990A CN 111919678 B CN111919678 B CN 111919678B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
Abstract
The invention relates to application of mepiquat chloride in improving the content of hyperin in flower of abelmoschus manihot, wherein the content of the hyperin is scientifically improved by spraying the mepiquat chloride in a first growth period, a second growth period and a third growth period singly or in a combined manner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of Chinese medicinal material cultivation, and belongs to the field of Chinese medicinal material cultivation.
Background
Abelmoschus Manihot is dry flower of Abelmoschus Manihot (L.) Medic of Abelmoschus of Malvaceae, is recorded in Jiayouben, is widely distributed and has abundant resources, and is recorded in Ben compendium of materia Medica: the flowers have sweet, cold, smooth and nontoxic smell, are mainly used for treating urinary stranguria and hastening the growth of the patients, are used for treating patients with malignant sores and pus for a long time and are healed after being applied for powder, are the main medicines for sores, eliminate gangrene swelling, soak oil and spread soup for fire injury and the like. Researches prove that the abelmoschus manihot extract has the effects of reducing proteinuria, reducing erythronuria, reducing tubulointerstitial lesion, eliminating oxygen radicals, improving erythrocyte immunoadhesion, promoting the transfer and removal of a human Circulating Immune Complex (CIC), regulating cellular immune function and inhibiting the humoral immune reaction degree, so that the human Circulating Immune Complex (CIC) -mediated renal injury is reduced, the renal function is improved, and the aim of treating chronic nephritis (CKD) is fulfilled.
Mepiquat chloride is a novel plant growth regulator, has a delaying effect on the vegetative growth of plants, can be absorbed by plant leaves and roots and conducted to the whole plants, and reduces the activity of gibberellin in the plants, thereby inhibiting cell elongation, weakening the growth vigor of terminal buds, controlling the longitudinal and transverse growth of the plants, shortening the internodes of the plants, ensuring compact plant types, deep and thick leaf colors, reducing the leaf areas, enhancing the synthesis of chlorophyll and the like. The mepiquat chloride can improve the stability of cell membranes and increase the stress resistance of plants.
At present, researches on the content of plant flavone by mepiquat chloride are reported, but the researches are not deep, for example, the influence of mepiquat chloride serving as a plant growth regulator on the content of active ingredients of scutellaria baicalensis is reported, after the mepiquat chloride is sprayed, the fresh weight of roots is obviously increased, the contents of scutelloside and total flavone in the roots are obviously increased, but the contents of scutellarin and wogonin are obviously reduced. Thus, mepiquat chloride can increase the content of certain specific flavone components in certain medicinal plants, but can reduce the content of other flavone components obviously. It is not clear that mepiquat chloride affects the content of flavone components or hyperin components in plants.
Hyperin, also known as quercetin-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside. The aglycone is quercetin, the glycosyl is galactopyranose, and the O atom at position 3 of the quercetin is connected with the glycosyl by a beta glycosidic bond. Hyperin is widely distributed, mainly exists in various plants, such as fruits and whole plants of Hypericaceae, Rosaceae, Campanulaceae, Labiatae, Ericaceae, Malvaceae, Guttiferae, Leguminosae, and Celastraceae, and has various physiological activities of resisting inflammation, relieving spasm, promoting urination, relieving cough, lowering blood pressure, reducing cholesterol, assimilating protein, relieving local and central pain, and protecting heart and cerebral vessels, and is an important natural product.
In the first part of the 2010 edition of the Chinese pharmacopoeia, the content of hyperin in the flower of abelmoschus manihot is definitely specified, and the content of hyperin in the flower of abelmoschus manihot is not less than O.50% calculated according to a dry product, so that a method for improving the content of hyperin in the flower of abelmoschus manihot is required to be developed to improve the medicinal value of the plant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to application of mepiquat chloride in adjusting the plant height and yield of a medicinal plant abelmoschus manihot and the content of hyperin extracted from the medicinal plant abelmoschus manihot.
The invention provides application of mepiquat chloride in increasing the content of hyperin in flower of abelmoschus manihot, and further provides a method for increasing the content of hyperin in flower of abelmoschus manihot, wherein the mepiquat chloride is applied to the flower of abelmoschus manihot.
The invention provides a planting method of abelmoschus manihot, which is realized by spraying mepiquat chloride on the leaf surfaces of the abelmoschus manihot.
The time of use of mepiquat chloride for abelmoschus manihot is preferably in the third growth phase, further the time of use of mepiquat chloride for abelmoschus manihot comprises the first growth phase or the second growth phase, or further the time of use of abelmoschus manihot comprises the third growth phase and the first growth phase and the second growth phase, administered simultaneously in three flowering phases.
Wherein mepiquat chloride is applied to the foliage of Abelmoschus manihot. The mepiquat chloride is sprayed for 0.5-8 g/mu in the first growth period, 1-10 g/mu in the second growth period and 2-12 g/mu in the third growth period, preferably 0.75-4 g/mu in the first growth period, 4-6 g/mu in the second growth period and 2-8 g/mu in the third growth period, more preferably 2-4 g/mu in the first growth period, 4-6 g/mu in the second growth period and 5-8 g/mu in the third growth period, and still more preferably 3 g/mu in the first growth period, 5 g/mu in the second growth period and 7 g/mu in the third growth period.
The invention further provides the application of mepiquat chloride in adjusting the height of an abelmoschus manihot plant and improving the yield of the abelmoschus manihot. In the planting process of the abelmoschus manihot, the balance of vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the abelmoschus manihot is still a key problem, if the abelmoschus manihot is not controlled in time, the plant height in the middle and later periods of plant growth is higher (higher than 2m), the mu yield of flowers is not high, and the picking of the flowers is inconvenient. By applying mepiquat chloride, the plant height can be controlled, the flower acre yield can be improved, the fresh flowers can be picked conveniently, the production cost of medicinal materials is reduced, and meanwhile, the content of hyperin in the flower of abelmoschus manihot is obviously improved.
Definition of the long developmental stage of abelmoschus manihot peanuts: the leaf blade of 50% of plants in the whole field is defined as the true leaf period, the first growth period when the height of 50% of plants in the whole field is 40-50cm, the second growth period when the height of 50% of plants in the whole field is 60-70cm, and the third growth period when the height of 50% of plants in the whole field is 85-95 cm. Bud appearing in 50% of plants in the whole field is defined as bud period; the flowering of 10% of plants in the whole field is defined as the initial flowering period; full-field 50% of plants have 5-6 lateral branches that flower (about 10-12 on average for Abelmoschus manihot) and are defined as full-bloom.
When the mepiquat chloride is applied, 10000 times of solution of mepiquat chloride can be prepared by water, wherein 1g of mepiquat chloride is mixed with 100g of water to form 100 times of solution.
The invention can obviously improve the content of hyperin in the flower of abelmoschus manihot by applying mepiquat chloride in the third growth period.
Detailed Description
Example 1 effect of spraying mepiquat chloride at a certain concentration on hyperin content of sunset abelmoschus flowers in true leaf stage.
1) Test conditions;
1.1 test area environment: the soil is sandy loam, the terrain is flat, and the ditch is unobstructed;
1.2 plant row spacing (adopting large and small rows for planting): the large row spacing is 1.4m, the small row spacing is 0.9m, and the plant spacing is 0.7 m.
1.3 spray time (the following time is defined as the spray establishing time only) and dose:
spraying mepiquat chloride plant growth regulator in 5-6 leaves at a rate of 1.5 g/mu, and spraying at 4 pm.
1.4 preparation of solution of mepiquat chloride
Concentration: aqueous mepiquat chloride solution 10000 times, wherein the times of the solution is water quality/medicine quality, for example: 1g of mepiquat chloride and 100g of water in 100 times of the solution;
1.5 detection of hyperin content: in full-bloom stage, 20 normal flowers are selected from each test area, dried at 85 ℃ and then measured for content, and the content of hyperin is measured.
The results show that the average hyperin content in the dried flowers is 1.14%. The evaluation content of the mepiquat chloride is not obviously different from that of the mepiquat chloride which is not sprayed.
Example 2
The influence of spraying mepiquat chloride with a certain concentration in the first growth period, the second growth period and the third growth period singly or in combination on the plant height, the flower yield and the hyperin content of the flower of abelmoschus manihot.
(1) Test conditions;
1.1 test area environment: the soil is sandy loam, the terrain is flat, and the ditch is unobstructed;
1.2 plant row spacing (adopting large and small rows for planting): the large row spacing is 1.4m, the small row spacing is 0.9m, and the plant spacing is 0.7 m.
1.3 spray time (the following time is defined as the spray establishing time only) and dose:
when the plant height is 30-40cm, spraying one-time phosphorus-potassium leaf fertilizer after 4 pm on sunny days, wherein the dosage is as follows: 30 g of water is added into each mu for spraying; spraying once again after 10 days, wherein the dosage is as follows: adding water 30 jin for spraying 45 g per mu; spraying mepiquat chloride plant growth regulator, wherein 3 g/mu is sprayed in the first growth period, 5 g/mu is sprayed in the second growth period, 7 g/mu is sprayed in the third growth period, and the spraying time is set at 4 pm later.
The mepiquat chloride spray application protocol for each test group is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 mepiquat chloride spray application protocol
1.4 preparation of solution of mepiquat chloride
Concentration: aqueous mepiquat chloride solution 10000 times, wherein the times of the solution is water quality/medicine quality, for example: 100 times of solution is 1g of mepiquat chloride and 100g of water;
1.5 detection of flower yield: and starting flower collection 1 day after the initial flowering, starting flower collection at about 6 am every day, weighing every cell (20 plants are collected in each cell, and all plants are collected in a control area), and converting the weight of the fresh flowers into the weight of the dry flowers.
1.6 detection of plant height: and randomly selecting 20 plants from all the areas to be tested, measuring the plant height once before spraying, measuring the plant height once again one week after spraying, and observing the growth vigor of the plants and the influence of mepiquat chloride on the plant height.
(2) Plant height of 7 days before and after first-life long-term spraying
TABLE 2-1 comparison of plant height (cm) of plants 7 days before and after first-life-span spray application
| Measures taken | Before spraying | Plant height after 7 days | Variation in plant height |
| Control | 42.6 | 48.1 | 5.5 |
| First life cycle | 41.5 | 43.7 | 2.2 |
The results show that spraying mepiquat chloride in the first life period has obvious influence on the plant height.
(3) Plant height of 7 days before and after spraying in the second growth period
The plant height comparison data of the plants 7 days before and after spraying mepiquat chloride in the second growth period of each test group are shown in the following table:
TABLE 2-2 plant height comparison of plants 7 days before and after spraying at the second growth stage
| Measures taken | Before spraying | Plant height after 7 days | Variation in plant height |
| Control | 64.5 | 73.3 | 8.8 |
| Second growth period | 63.6 | 70.7 | 7.1 |
| First and second growth periods | 64.5 | 71.3 | 6.8 |
Wherein, the 'first and second growth periods' in the measures represent that mepiquat chloride spraying is carried out in the first growth period and the second growth period.
(3) Plant height of 7 days before and after spraying in the third growth period
The plant height comparison data of the plants 7 days before and after spraying mepiquat chloride in the third growth period in each test group are shown in the following table:
TABLE 2-3 plant height comparison of plants 7 days before and after the third growth period of spraying
The results show that spraying mepiquat chloride in the third growth period has a great influence on the change of plant height.
(IV) changes in sunflower yield
The effect of spraying mepiquat chloride on the yield of sunset abelmoschus flowers is shown in the following table:
TABLE 5 Effect of spraying mepiquat chloride on Abelmoschus manihot flower yield
| Serial number | Spraying period | Mu yield (kg) |
| 1 | First life cycle | 900.6 |
| 2 | Second growth period | 921.4 |
| 3 | Third growth period | 998.5 |
| 4 | First and second growth periods | 930.5 |
| 5 | First and third growing periods | 1001.9 |
| 6 | Second and third growing periods | 1007.6 |
| 7 | First, second and third growth periods | 1011.3 |
| 8 | Control | 892.0 |
The results show that:
1. single factor, the positive effect of spraying mepiquat chloride in the third growth period on the yield is most obvious.
2. Two-factor interaction: overall, two-phase spraying enables higher yields than single spraying.
(V) variation of hyperin content in Abelmoschus manihot
The effect of spraying mepiquat chloride at different periods on the content of fresh flower hyperoside is shown in the following table:
TABLE 3 influence of spraying mepiquat chloride at different periods on fresh flower hyperoside content
And (4) conclusion:
1. from yield factors, mepiquat chloride is sprayed once in each of the first growth period, the second growth period and the third growth period, so that the highest yield of flowers can be brought;
2. from the aspect of the content of the hyperin, the mepiquat chloride can help to increase the content by about 14 to 17 percent when sprayed in the third growth period (alone or in combination with other two growth periods);
3. in conclusion, the yield can be increased remarkably compared with the control by spraying mepiquat chloride once in the first growth period (3 g/mu), the second growth period (5 g/mu) and the third growth period (7 g/mu).
In conclusion, the spraying of mepiquat chloride in the regulation of the plant height and yield of the medicinal plant abelmoschus manihot and the content of hyperin extracted from the medicinal plant abelmoschus manihot has a great influence on the plant height in the first growth period and the second growth period. From the yield factor, mepiquat chloride is sprayed once in the first growth period, the second growth period and the third growth period respectively, so that higher flower yield can be brought. From the hyperin content, spraying mepiquat chloride in the third growth period (alone or in combination with the other two periods) can help flowers increase the hyperin content by 14% -17%. Comprehensively, the mepiquat chloride is sprayed once in the first growing period (3 g/mu), the second growing period (5 g/mu) and the third growing period (7 g/mu), so that a better flower yield effect can be obtained. In practical use, it is preferable to spray mepiquat chloride in the third growth period in consideration of the effect on the pesticide residue, the content of other components, and the like.
Claims (5)
1. A planting method for improving the hyperin content in abelmoschus manihot is characterized in that mepiquat chloride is applied to the abelmoschus manihot in one or more of a first growing period, a second growing period and a third growing period, wherein the dosage of the mepiquat chloride is 0.5-8 g/mu sprayed in the first growing period, 1-10 g/mu sprayed in the second growing period and 2-12 g/mu sprayed in the third growing period, wherein the first growing period is defined when 50% of the total field is 40-50cm in height, the second growing period is defined when 50% of the total field is 60-70cm in height, and the third growing period is defined when 50% of the total field is 85-95cm in height.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein mepiquat chloride is applied to foliage of abelmoschus manihot.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mepiquat chloride is applied in an amount of 0.75-4 g/acre for the first growth period, 4-8 g/acre for the second growth period, and 2-8 g/acre for the third growth period.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mepiquat chloride is applied in an amount of 2-4 g/acre for the first growth period, 4-6 g/acre for the second growth period, and 5-8 g/acre for the third growth period.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mepiquat chloride is applied at a rate of 3 g/acre for the first growth period, 5 g/acre for the second growth period, and 7 g/acre for the third growth period.
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Address after: No.1 Suzhong Road, Jiangyan District, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province 225500 Patentee after: Suzhong Pharmaceutical Group Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Jiangsu Modern Medicinal plant planting Co., Ltd Address before: No.1 Suzhong Road, Jiangyan District, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province 225500 Patentee before: JIANGSU SUZHONG PHARMACEUTICAL GROUP Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: Jiangsu Modern Medicinal plant planting Co., Ltd |