CN103597978A - High-yield cultivation method for open-field peppers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield cultivation method for open-field peppers and relates to the technical field of crop planting. The method comprises the steps of 1) fine soil preparation, 2) variety selection, 3) rational close planting, 4) intertillage reinforcing, 5) timely draining of field accumulated water, 6) formula fertilization, 7) chemical regulation, 8) comprehensive control of insect disease prevention and 9) timely harvesting. According to the high-yield cultivation method, the cultivated peppers are high in yield, good in quality, small in pesticide residue amount and safe and reliable to eat; the cultivation method is simple, costs are low, and economic benefits are good.

Description

Open country red pepper high-yield cultivation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of open country red pepper high-yield cultivation method.

Background technology

Capsicum, is again chilly, hot pepper, spicy, peppery angle, long and thin hot pepper etc., is a kind of Solanaceae capsicum plants.Capsicum is 1 year or herbaceos perennial.Fruit is taper shape or Long Circle conventionally, is green during prematurity, becomes cerise, yellow or purple after maturation, the most common with redness.The fruit of capsicum has pungent because pericarp contains capsaicine.Can improve a poor appetite.In capsicum, ascorbic content occupies first in vegetables, originates in Mexico, imports at the end of the Ming Dynasty China into.

Capsicum fertility is just germination period, and vernalization is unearthed for after planting general about 5～8 days, about 15 days, occurs rough leaf, to bud, appears for Seedling Stage.It is flowering stage that the first flower fringe is sat main to door green pepper.After bearing fruit to pulling up seedlings as fruiting period.The suitable temperature of capsicum is between 15～34 degree.Seed sprouting preference temperature 25～30 degree, germinate and need 5～7 days, and while spending lower than 15 degree or higher than 35, seed does not germinate.Require seedling stage temperature higher, spend daytimes 25～30, and nights 15～18, degree was best, and seedling is not low temperature resistant, note cold-proof.If capsicum can be caused fruit drop when 35 spend.Capsicum requires strict to condition moisture content, it i.e. not drought-enduring also intolerant to waterlogging, likes dryer and comfortableer air conditions.The output that how to improve capsicum is problem to be solved by this invention.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of method simple, the open country red pepper high-yield cultivation method that output is high.

Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions:

An open country red pepper high-yield cultivation method, comprises the steps,

1) meticulous whole ground

Plantation capsicum should select that soil layer is deep, draining good, the plantation of the soil of better-than-average fertility, can not with eggplant, tomato, potato, tobacco continuous cropping, should carry out 2-3 crop rotation, before winter, milpa was carried out to winter irrigation, ridge is shone in deep ploughing, after late March soil thaws in conjunction with site preparation and fertilization, every mu of organic fertilizer 3000-5000 kilogram;

2) kind is selected

Select high yield, disease-resistant variety, precious red F1, Tianjin red No. 2 or agriculture flower bud No. 23;

3) rational close planting

Early April overlay film, take size row plantation, wide row space 80cm, little line-spacing 40cm, then hole pressing is watered sufficient water apart from 25cm is dazzling, directly sowing, earthing 0.5cm, mu seeding quantity 100-110g was emerged by the end of April at the beginning of 5 months, two strains, every mu of 1-1.2 ten thousand strains are stayed in every cave;

4) strengthen intertillage

After capsicum emerges, timely shallow intertillage once, promote root growth, before plant envelope row, then intertillage once, and intertillage is carried out in conjunction with weeding and ridging;

5) get rid of in time field ponding

Capsicum belongs to shallow root system crop, and neither drought-enduring, also intolerant to waterlogging, will drain the water away in time after rain, and keep soil moisture even;

6) rational application of fertilizers

Every mu of bottom application diammonium phosphate 25kg, potassium sulfate 7.5kg, manganese sulphate 2-3kg, zinc sulphate 1-2kg; Every mu of initial bloom stage imposes urea 20-25kg; The plot of easy early ageing of later stage, every mu sprays 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150-200g, and spray in 5-7 days once, connects and sprays 2-3 time;

7) chemical regulation

In chilli seedling and two periods of initial bloom stage, use growth regulator 30ml for every mu, be watered 15kg even spraying;

8) integrated control damage by disease and insect

1. prevent and treat oriental tobacco budworm, beet armyworm, in capsicum flowering stage, every mu of use 20% Rynaxypyr 10ml or 5.7% emamectin benzoate water agent 20ml, be watered 15kg spraying;

2. prevent and treat virus disease, every mu of use 20% acetamiprid wettable powder 30-40ml or 60% imidacloprid suspending agent 10-20ml, be watered 15-30kg spraying;

3. prevent and treat capsicum epidemic disease, at chilli seedling, every mu of use 1% Shen piperazine mycin suspending agent 30ml is watered 15kg spraying, within 7-10 days, sprays once continuous spraying 2-3 time;

4. prevent and treat anthracnose, at capsicum initial bloom stage, every mu of use 43% tebuconazole suspension concentrates 6-12ml or 25% prochloraz missible oil 70-100g, be watered 15-30kg spraying, spray in 7-10 days once, continuous spraying 3-4 time;

5. prevent and treat soft rot, at fruiting period, with 600 times of liquid spraying preventions of 78% nitro humus acid copper wetting powder;

9) gather in the crops in good time

In 9 months, pluck fresh capsicum in batches and sell the last ten-days period, requires the fresh capsicum that picks,, the anosis green pepper of fruit look scarlet, Wu Qingding, without rotten green pepper.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the yield of hot pepper of the present invention's cultivation is high, quality better, persticide residue is little, and edible safety is reliable, and cultivation method is simple, and cost is low, good in economic efficiency.

Embodiment

For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.

An open country red pepper high-yield cultivation method, comprises the steps,

1) meticulous whole ground

Plantation capsicum should select that soil layer is deep, draining good, the plantation of the soil of better-than-average fertility, can not with eggplant, tomato, potato, tobacco continuous cropping, should carry out 2-3 crop rotation, before winter, milpa was carried out to winter irrigation, ridge is shone in deep ploughing, after late March soil thaws in conjunction with site preparation and fertilization, every mu of organic fertilizer 3000-5000 kilogram;

2) kind is selected

Select high yield, disease-resistant variety, precious red F1, Tianjin red No. 2 or agriculture flower bud No. 23;

3) rational close planting

Early April overlay film, take size row plantation, wide row space 80cm, little line-spacing 40cm, then hole pressing is watered sufficient water apart from 25cm is dazzling, directly sowing, earthing 0.5cm, mu seeding quantity 100-110g was emerged by the end of April at the beginning of 5 months, two strains, every mu of 1-1.2 ten thousand strains are stayed in every cave;

4) strengthen intertillage

After capsicum emerges, timely shallow intertillage once, promote root growth, before plant envelope row, then intertillage once, and intertillage is carried out in conjunction with weeding and ridging;

5) get rid of in time field ponding

Capsicum belongs to shallow root system crop, and neither drought-enduring, also intolerant to waterlogging, will drain the water away in time after rain, and keep soil moisture even;

6) rational application of fertilizers

Every mu of bottom application diammonium phosphate 25kg, potassium sulfate 7.5kg, manganese sulphate 2-3kg, zinc sulphate 1-2kg; Every mu of initial bloom stage imposes urea 20-25kg; The plot of easy early ageing of later stage, every mu sprays 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150-200g, and spray in 5-7 days once, connects and sprays 2-3 time;

7) chemical regulation

In chilli seedling and two periods of initial bloom stage, use growth regulator 30ml for every mu, be watered 15kg even spraying;

8) integrated control damage by disease and insect

1. prevent and treat oriental tobacco budworm, beet armyworm, in capsicum flowering stage, every mu of use 20% Rynaxypyr 10ml or 5.7% emamectin benzoate water agent 20ml, be watered 15kg spraying;

2. prevent and treat virus disease, every mu of use 20% acetamiprid wettable powder 30-40ml or 60% imidacloprid suspending agent 10-20ml, be watered 15-30kg spraying;

3. prevent and treat capsicum epidemic disease, at chilli seedling, every mu of use 1% Shen piperazine mycin suspending agent 30ml is watered 15kg spraying, within 7-10 days, sprays once continuous spraying 2-3 time;

4. prevent and treat anthracnose, at capsicum initial bloom stage, every mu of use 43% tebuconazole suspension concentrates 6-12ml or 25% prochloraz missible oil 70-100g, be watered 15-30kg spraying, spray in 7-10 days once, continuous spraying 3-4 time;

5. prevent and treat soft rot, at fruiting period, with 600 times of liquid spraying preventions of 78% nitro humus acid copper wetting powder;

9) gather in the crops in good time

In 9 months, pluck fresh capsicum in batches and sell the last ten-days period, requires the fresh capsicum that picks,, the anosis green pepper of fruit look scarlet, Wu Qingding, without rotten green pepper.

More than show and described basic principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and specification, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (1)

1. an open country red pepper high-yield cultivation method, is characterized in that: method step is as follows,

1) meticulous whole ground

Plantation capsicum should select that soil layer is deep, draining good, the plantation of the soil of better-than-average fertility, can not with eggplant, tomato, potato, tobacco continuous cropping, should carry out 2-3 crop rotation, before winter, milpa was carried out to winter irrigation, ridge is shone in deep ploughing, after late March soil thaws in conjunction with site preparation and fertilization, every mu of organic fertilizer 3000-5000 kilogram;

2) kind is selected

Select high yield, disease-resistant variety, precious red F1, Tianjin red No. 2 or agriculture flower bud No. 23;

3) rational close planting

Early April overlay film, take size row plantation, wide row space 80cm, little line-spacing 40cm, then hole pressing is watered sufficient water apart from 25cm is dazzling, directly sowing, earthing 0.5cm, mu seeding quantity 100-110g was emerged by the end of April at the beginning of 5 months, two strains, every mu of 1-1.2 ten thousand strains are stayed in every cave;

4) strengthen intertillage

After capsicum emerges, timely shallow intertillage once, promote root growth, before plant envelope row, then intertillage once, and intertillage is carried out in conjunction with weeding and ridging;

5) get rid of in time field ponding

Capsicum belongs to shallow root system crop, and neither drought-enduring, also intolerant to waterlogging, will drain the water away in time after rain, and keep soil moisture even;

6) rational application of fertilizers

Every mu of bottom application diammonium phosphate 25kg, potassium sulfate 7.5kg, manganese sulphate 2-3kg, zinc sulphate 1-2kg; Every mu of initial bloom stage imposes urea 20-25kg; The plot of easy early ageing of later stage, every mu sprays 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150-200g, and spray in 5-7 days once, connects and sprays 2-3 time;

7) chemical regulation

In chilli seedling and two periods of initial bloom stage, use growth regulator 30ml for every mu, be watered 15kg even spraying;

8) integrated control damage by disease and insect

1. prevent and treat oriental tobacco budworm, beet armyworm, in capsicum flowering stage, every mu of use 20% Rynaxypyr 10ml or 5.7% emamectin benzoate water agent 20ml, be watered 15kg spraying;

2. prevent and treat virus disease, every mu of use 20% acetamiprid wettable powder 30-40ml or 60% imidacloprid suspending agent 10-20ml, be watered 15-30kg spraying;

3. prevent and treat capsicum epidemic disease, at chilli seedling, every mu of use 1% Shen piperazine mycin suspending agent 30ml is watered 15kg spraying, within 7-10 days, sprays once continuous spraying 2-3 time;

4. prevent and treat anthracnose, at capsicum initial bloom stage, every mu of use 43% tebuconazole suspension concentrates 6-12ml or 25% prochloraz missible oil 70-100g, be watered 15-30kg spraying, spray in 7-10 days once, continuous spraying 3-4 time;

5. prevent and treat soft rot, at fruiting period, with 600 times of liquid spraying preventions of 78% nitro humus acid copper wetting powder;

9) gather in the crops in good time

In 9 months, pluck fresh capsicum in batches and sell the last ten-days period, requires the fresh capsicum that picks,, the anosis green pepper of fruit look scarlet, Wu Qingding, without rotten green pepper.