CN103081665A

CN103081665A - High-yield pepper cultivation method

Info

Publication number: CN103081665A
Application number: CN 201110337712
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹云霞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-10-28
Filing date: 2011-10-28
Publication date: 2013-05-08

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a high-yield pepper cultivation method. The method is characterized by performing secondary transplanting for pepper plants in a pepper growth period, namely in a process from sowing to harvesting, wherein secondary transplanting of the pepper plants refers to that primary transplanting is performed after pepper sowing and outgrowing of plants, and then secondary transplanting is performed after the plants subjected to primary transplanting grow for a period of time. The method has the advantages that growth period of twice transplanted pepper plants is 15-20 days longer than that pepper plants subjected to one-time transplanting, effective accumulative temperature is increased by 300-400 DEG C, more pepper flower and pepper are obtained, flowering time and fruiting time are prolonged to enable pepper enlarging period and mature period to be prolonged, and various indicators of maturing rate, yield, quality and the like of pepper are all improved significantly.

Description

A kind of red pepper high-yield cultivation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the proportion of crop planting technical field, be specifically related to a kind of red pepper high-yield cultivation method.

Background technology

Capsicum is again chilly, hot pepper, spicy, peppery angle, long and thin hot pepper etc., is a kind of Solanaceae capsicum plants.Capsicum is 1 year or herbaceos perennial.The fruit cause and effect skin of capsicum contains capsaicine and pungent is arranged.Can improve a poor appetite.In capsicum, ascorbic content occupies first in vegetables.The capsicum appetite-stimulating indigestion-relieving, capsicum can promote digestive juice secretion, improves a poor appetite.Capsicum can be warmed up stomach and be dispeled cold, and the symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhoea, stomach-ache occur if meet to tremble with fear, and can suitably eat a little capsicums.Capsicum can stimulate circulation, and certain property of medicine is arranged, " except the wind sweating, row phlegm, dehumidifying." explain with modern medicine, can stimulate circulation exactly, improve be afraid of cold, frostbite, vascular headache.All there is the custom of edible capsicum all parts of the country.

Gansu is that the edible large of capsicum economized, and is also the large province of pepper planting, and Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science is through for many years experiment seed selection, turn out Gansu Province green pepper series, its feature: precocity, sow to 92 days early flowering seasons, sow to 128 days receipts phases Chinese olive beginning, growth potential is medium, several 32.3 of per plant, single fruit weight 33.8 grams, fruit erietiform, long 22 centimetres of fruit, 2.8 centimetres of fruit shoulder breadths, thick 0.31 centimetre of meat, the fruit look green, the little wrinkle of fruit face is distinguished the flavor of peppery.Determination of Vitamin C 10.4%, best in quality, low temperature resistant few photograph, anti-epidemic disease.This kind is planted at greenhouse by solar heat, stubble late October in early spring～early November sowing, January last ten-days period～early Febuary field planting; Survive the winter batch the late August～the early September sowing, the late October～the early November field planting, every mu of seeding quantity 50～75 grams, planting pit are apart from 0.4 meter, 0.8 meter of row spacing, 0.5 meter of furrow width, the ridge is high 0.20～0.25 meter, 2 strains of every cave.Carry out the multiple spot test in the ground greenhouse by solar heats such as Wuwei, silver, Pingliang, Lanzhou and Yongdeng, mu is total produces average 3999.3 kilograms, than the large goat's horn volume increase 36.2% of contrast.By adopting transplantation technique, can artificially create in less place the condition of pepper seedling growth, realize sowing in advance, concentrate and cultivate seedling, when temperature raises, pepper plant is transplanted to the land for growing field crops, can extend the breeding time of capsicum, improve output, quality and the benefit of capsicum.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to give full play to by providing a kind of the advantage that capsicum is transplanted, improve the new cultivation method of capsicum productivity effect.

For achieving the above object, the cultivation scheme of the present invention's employing is as follows:

A kind of red pepper high-yield cultivation method is characterized in that within the breeding time of capsicum, namely from the process that is seeded into results, pepper plant was carried out twice transplanting.

Twice transplanting of described pepper plant, one refers to once transplant after plant is sowed and grown to capsicum, transplants rear plant regeneration after long a period of time, more once transplants.Two refer to first capsicum be sowed in less artificial greenhouse, when plant grows 2～4 leaves, it are transplanted in larger artificial greenhouse, when plant grows 6～8 leaves, then are transplanted to large field.Three refer to detain little shed in late Febuary in booth, and early March is sowed in little shed, when April, rice shoot was seen 2～4 leaves in-20 days on the 10th, then are transplanted to booth in little shed, are transplanted to the land for growing field crops when rice shoot is seen 6～8 leaves until mid-May.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: twice transplanting capsicum extended 15～20 days than the capsicum of once transplanting breeding time, obtain 300～400 ℃ of effective accumulated temperature more, spending of capsicum is many, fruit is many, and bloom, the time all extends relatively as a result, impel fruit expanding period and maturing stage to extend, the indices such as the ripening rate of capsicum, maturing rate, Yield and quality are logical the raising significantly.

Embodiment

Example one illustrates in conjunction with pepper planting base, suburb, Lanzhou planting experiment.

(1) experiment situation

1. the selection of kind is take Longjiao No.2, Longjiao No.3, Gansu Province green pepper No. 5, Longjiao No.6 as the experiment kind.

2, experimental technique: transplant as control group, take the secondary transplanting as experimental group take traditional raise seedling in greenhouse.Under the identical prerequisite of same kind, same plot, seeding quantity, adopt respectively common transplanting and secondary to transplant two kinds of plantation modes and compare test, emphasis compares for indices such as flowering time, the time of bearing fruit, mean fruit weight, per mu yield, yield rate, the ratio of first-grade products, damage by disease and insect degree.

(2). experimental data.Because its each kind experimental result reaches unanimity, only be introduced as an example of Longjiao No.6 example.

Date of seeding contrast statistical form (1)

Find out secondary transplanting Zao 5～30 days than the whole ground brooder time of common transplanting, early 11～22 days button canopy time, germination time early 10～25 days from table (1).

Transplanting time contrast statistical form (2)

Find out from table (2), secondary was transplanted than 10～25 days in advance common transplanting sowing time, and seedling-growing time 15～30 days in advance extended seedling age long 15～30 days at nursery stage than common seedling raising manners, for high yield is laid good basis.

Transplant root leaf state contrast statistical form (3)

Can find out from table (3), secondary is transplanted and can be promoted root system development than common transplanting, and when transplanting the land for growing field crops, fibrous root is many 5～10, and root is sturdy, and true leaf can be how 4.

Growing stage contrast statistical form (4)

Can find out from table (4), secondary is transplanted than common transplanting flowering time 10～25 days in advance, the time advance 15～30 days of bearing fruit.

Contrast statistical form (5) breeding time

Can find out from table (5) table, secondary is transplanted and is extended 15-20 days the length of time than common transplanted seedling, and extended 10～25 days whole breeding time, obtains 300～400 ℃ of effective accumulated temperature more.

Plant state contrast statistical form (6) when moving into the land for growing field crops

Showing (6) can find out, when transplanting the land for growing field crops, secondary is transplanted than the short 5 centimeters left and right of Gansu Province pepper plant of common transplanting, and basal part of stem increases thick 0.3 centimetre, and stem table color is dark.

Yield comparison statistical form (7)

Table (7) can find out, secondary is transplanted than common the transplantings capsicum individual plant number of bearing fruit and Duoed 5, and the many 4g of mean fruit weight are with the mu 4000 strains calculating of keeping a full stand of seedings, more than can increasing production 104kg/ mu.If carry out spread, by 60% conversion, average yield is expected to improve 62.4kg/ mu with above-mentioned experimental data.

Product quality contrast statistical form (8)

Can find out from (table 8), it is identical with common transplanting mu strain number that secondary is transplanted, and yield rate is high by 10%, and the ratio of first-grade products is high by 12%, and defect rate descends 5 percentage points.

Plant state contrast statistical form (9) during results

Can find out from table (9), during results secondary transplant shorter 10 centimeters than common transplanting plant, thick 0.2～0.3 centimeter of stem.

Anti-epidemic disease ability contrast statistical form (10)

Can find out from table (10), it is stronger than common transplanting bacteria resistance tikka disease performance that secondary is transplanted, and just can control disease with inferior medicine, on output without impact.And common transplanting just can be controlled disease with 2-3 medicine, has increased the mu input cost, and controlling bad meeting directly affects output.The time of transplanting the shooting stage make Gansu Province green pepper, bud stage, flowering stage, fruiting period due to secondary has all shifted to an earlier date 15-20 days, and in the early and middle ten days damage by disease and insect high-incidence season in July, capsicum has entered result and contained the phase, and diseases and insect pests resistance obviously improves.

Disease-resistant performance contrast table (11)

Can find out from table (11), the capsicum antifungal activity brown spot performance that secondary is transplanted is strong, and the medication number of times is few, on output without impact.And due to illness the capsicum of common transplanting can do harm to and cause fallen flowers, shedding, decayed fruit phenomenon, directly affects output.

Study by experiment effect of the present invention:

(1) twice transplanting capsicum extended 1520 days than the capsicum of once transplanting breeding time, secondary transplanting Zao 5～30 days than the whole ground brooder time of common transplanting, 11～22 days morning of button canopy time, germination time early 10～25 days.

(2) transplant than 10～25 days in advance common transplantings sowing time for twice time, and seedling-growing time 15～30 days in advance extended seedling age long 15～30 days at nursery stage than common seedling raising manners, and when transplanting the land for growing field crops, fibrous root is how 5～10, and root is sturdy, and true leaf can be how 4.

(3) twice secondary are transplanted than common transplanting flowering time 10～25 days in advance, the time advance 15～30 days of bearing fruit, and the seedling age phase extends 15-20 days, and extended 10～25 days whole breeding time, obtains 300～400 ℃ of effective accumulated temperature more.

(4) twice transplanting are than the short 5 centimeters left and right of Gansu Province pepper plant of common transplanting, and basal part of stem increases thick 0.3 centimetre, and stem table color is dark.Individual plant many 5 of the number of bearing fruit, the many 4g of mean fruit weight calculate with mu 4000 strains of keeping a full stand of seedings, more than can increasing production 104kg/ mu.If carry out spread, by 60% conversion, average yield is expected to improve 62.4kg/ mu with above-mentioned experimental data.

(5) twice transplanting are identical with common transplanting mu strain number, and yield rate is high by 10%, and the ratio of first-grade products is high by 12%, and defect rate descends 5 percentage points.During results, plant is short 10 centimeters, thick 0.2～0.3 centimeter of stem.

(6) twice transplanting are stronger than common transplanting bacteria resistance tikka disease performance, just can control disease with time medicine, on output without impact.And common transplanting just can be controlled disease with 2-3 medicine, has increased the mu input cost, and controlling bad meeting directly affects output.The time of transplanting the shooting stage make Gansu Province green pepper, bud stage, flowering stage, fruiting period due to secondary has all shifted to an earlier date 15-20 days, and in the early and middle ten days damage by disease and insect high-incidence season in July, capsicum has entered result and contained the phase, and diseases and insect pests resistance obviously improves.Antifungal activity brown spot performance is strong, and the medication number of times is few, on output without impact.

Claims

1. a red pepper high-yield cultivation method, is characterized in that: within the breeding time of capsicum, namely from the process that is seeded into results, pepper plant is carried out secondary transplant; The secondary of described pepper plant is transplanted, and refers to transplant for the first time after plant is sowed and grown to capsicum, transplants rear plant regeneration after long a period of time, then transplants for the second time.

2. a kind of red pepper high-yield cultivation method according to claim 1, the secondary that it is characterized in that pepper plant is transplanted, refer to that first will justify eggplant sows in less artificial greenhouse, when plant grows 2～4 leaves, it is transplanted in larger artificial greenhouse, when plant grows 6～8 leaves, then transplant.

3. a kind of red pepper high-yield cultivation method according to claim 1, the secondary that it is characterized in that pepper plant is transplanted, refer to detain in booth in late Febuary little shed, early March is sowed in little shed, during April 10～20, be transplanted to booth in little shed, be transplanted to again large field when mid-May.