CN1035506A - 三取代胺、其制备方法和含有该胺的药物组合物 - Google Patents

三取代胺、其制备方法和含有该胺的药物组合物 Download PDF

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CN1035506A
CN1035506A CN89101003A CN89101003A CN1035506A CN 1035506 A CN1035506 A CN 1035506A CN 89101003 A CN89101003 A CN 89101003A CN 89101003 A CN89101003 A CN 89101003A CN 1035506 A CN1035506 A CN 1035506A
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head
head track
connecting rod
straphanger
hanger device
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克里斯托斯·查克拉基迪斯
赫伯特·赖恩纳特
彼得·弗罗因德
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Roche Diagnostics GmbH
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Boehringer Mannheim GmbH
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Abstract

本发明提供通式(I)化合物和药理上可接受的盐及其旋光异构体，通式(I)为：其中R1，R2，R3，R4，R5，R6，X，Y和Z如说明书所定义。
本发明还提供了这些化合物和含有它们的药物组合物的制备方法，它们用于治疗心脏病和心循环病。

Description

本发明涉及到一种至少有一个临时面板的装置，该装置用于联合运运输的集装箱的敞开货区中。更具体地说，本发明涉及一种从集装箱顶板向其底板向下延伸的吊架装置，而该吊架又支撑着面板。
人们知道在运输业中，有的商品或产品不管其用途如何，在运输中只能承受一定的重量。例如，普通用于电子产品的船舶集装箱能承受的重量是有限的。此外，某些产品例如汽车，由于它们的尺寸和结构构的事实以及它们不是装在集装箱中用船运输的事实，不能一个放在另一个上直接地层叠堆放。同时，工业上的发展趋势，也使联合运输货物集装箱的尺寸变得越来越大。此外，运货车的双轮拖车尺寸的增加使拖车的标定的最大货物载重量也随之变化。因此，货物占有空间和重量极限的增加快于船运产品包括箱承载能力的增加。由于这一原因，为了不发生层叠堆放在底部的产品被压碎或造成某种损坏的危险，联合运输的集装箱只能装满二分之一甚至三分之一。
为了解决层叠堆放的问题，我们知道运输业中，实际上用不同的面板把联合运输的集装箱敞开的装货区域分割成开来，这样能有效地使用所有可利用的货仓而不会发生任何产品被压碎的危险。
这种系统多半采用临时面板，几乎不会遇到问题。然而在支撑面板的吊架方面会遇到一定的困难。显而易见，这些系统自然是临时性的，因此这些吊架必须能较快地、高效地进行装配，同时，对已有的联合运输的集装箱仅需稍加修改或不用修改就可使用。
由于顶轨在不同类型的联合运输的货物集装箱上是一种通用零件，面板吊架设法利用顶轨来支撑面板。在正常情况下，顶轨是货物集装箱的组成部分，在集装箱的两壁上离其顶部几英吋处，顶轨通常延伸一定的长度。顶轨不但有不同的形状，而且它与集装箱也有不同的连接方式，但有一个共同的特点是都有向货仓内部突起几英吋的凸缘或凸出部分。这样面板吊架包括某些与顶轨相配合的零件，而这部分零件沿货物集装箱的侧壁向下延伸。吊架还包括了其它便于支撑面板的零件。实际上，要把这种面板吊架中的每个吊架放在适当的位置上，这大致取决于所装运的负载及货物集装箱两个主要壁的长度。跨接件从一个壁延伸到另一个壁，底板放置在跨接件的上面。
然而如上所述，并不是没有困难的。例如，不论把什么夹紧装置装到与之相配合的顶轨上都必须考虑到：生产中应根据顶轨的厚度和吊架本身累计公差范围而变化。吊架一般只能由单独一个工人站在货物集装箱底板上进行装配。另外，从夹紧装置向下悬挂的悬吊带部分必须基本上与箱壁共同扩张。事实上这个问题的出现在于面板和支撑杆的长度是固定的，使支撑杆与一个箱壁上的悬吊带部分相配合，再横跨货仓与另一箱壁上的悬吊带部分相配合。通过对悬吊带部分的设计或作图，如果能造成它们伸长或离开箱壁弯曲，这将使悬吊带部分之间所确定的距离可以比支撑杆的长度少几英吋。为了完成装配，装配者一定要用力使这些零件就位，从而使吊架与箱壁共同扩张。显而易见，装配是困难的，但是拆开甚至会更困难，因为装配者不但要起拆开作用，而且要克服两个悬吊带部分的弹簧力作功。
所以，本发明的基本目的在于提供一种简单的、耐用的并相对便宜的吊架，该吊架可以快速连接并可移动。本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种吊架，当加在它上面的重量增加时，它对顶轨的夹固作用也增加。本发明还有一个目的在于提供一种吊架，不管是在加载情况下，还是在不加载情况下其结构将保持吊架和邻接的箱壁共同扩张，本发明还有一个目的在于提供一种吊架，作用在该吊架上的力不仅可以传递到顶轨上，而且又可以传递到货物集装箱的侧壁上。
本发明的垂直悬挂吊架与顶轨上面及联合运输的集装箱的壁配合为水平延伸的杆提供了一个支撑点。实际上，一组垂直悬挂的吊架沿着联合运输的集装箱的两个主要壁安排，在某些需要处，吊架之间装上支撑杆，再把面板铺在支撑杆上，以把普通敞开的装货区域分割开。由于所有的垂直延伸吊架结构相同，所以只要参考一种吊架，就能理解后面提到的所有这样的吊架。
垂直悬挂的吊架包括一个挂钩头或夹紧装置，它们有一个部分夹住顶轨的上部，还包括第一和第二箱壁的接触部分。在挂钩上用枢轴式悬挂一个连杆，它包括一个用来与顶轨下面配合的摩擦接触部分。该处同上面的挂钩头与顶轨的接触处直接相对，也就是说挂钩头和连杆在相对的边上用类似虎钳的方式夹紧了顶轨，使顶轨受压而不是受弯。吊挂带又铰接到连杆上，并从那里向下延伸，吊挂带体包括槽或类似的结构，它们与支撑杆配作依次支撑着面板。最重要的是，吊挂带体在使用时，通常与货物集装箱的壁共同扩张。操作时，一旦挂钩头装到顶轨的上面，并正对着箱的侧壁，允许连杆和吊挂带自由地悬挂。由于第一和第二铰接装置各自的位置，连杆的夹紧部分与顶轨的底面相接触，并允许吊挂带自由地向下延伸，吊挂带与货物集装箱的壁共同扩张。由于各零件的铰接的关系，使负载的重量不但传递到顶轨上，而且传递到货物集装箱的壁上。实际上利用负载的重量起着夹紧顶轨的作用。当负载增加时，顶轨上的夹紧作用也增加。最重要的是，无论吊挂带上有无负载，都将促使吊挂带保持与货物集装箱的壁沿同一加载方向共同扩张。同时，负载通常将以一定比例关系，部分地传递到顶轨上，部分地传递到货物集装箱的壁上。
本发明的其它性质将从下面的叙述中予以确定。
图1是夹持着顶轨的垂直悬挂吊架装置上面部分的透视图。
图2是说明本发明并表示出一个联合运输的集装箱其货区内部相互关系的透视图。该集装箱在相应的位置上有两根支撑杆。
图3是垂直延伸吊架的局部侧视图。
图4是从左向右看图3的正视图。
参考各图，主要是图1，它表示出了垂直延伸吊架10。正如图上表示的那样，吊架10挂在顶轨12上，顶轨12是联合运输的货物集装箱14的组成部分，它通常沿集装箱14的两侧壁延伸。只要顶轨12和集装箱14之间获得牢固的连接，其连接或结合的方式不是特别重要的。为了使垂直延伸吊架10与箱壁通常保持着共同扩张的关系，它们之间靠得很近。垂直延伸吊架10包括一个挂钩头16、一个连杆18和一个吊挂带20，这几种不同的零件通过第一铰接装置22和第二铰接装置24联结在一起。
正如图1和图4所示，挂钩16通常选用U形剖面，它包括第一和第二与顶轨上相接触部分或称凸起部分26和28及第一和第二与箱壁接触部分30和32（如图3和图4所示）。以上结构共同组成了挂钩的形式。实际上挂钩头16装在顶轨12的上面，所述的第一和第二凸起部分26和28在相离的两点处与顶轨的上表面接触。与此同时，第一和第二与箱壁接触部分30和32与货物集装箱的垂直壁相接触。
连杆18枢轴式连接到挂钩头16下面的挂钩腿36上，连杆18包括与顶轨下部接触的部分38。在优选实施例中，此接触部分38是由一个Y形叉的两臂38a和38b构成。在图4中显而易见，此接触部分38正是设计的关键所在。事实上叉子的两臂38a和38b总是在第一和第二凸起部分26、28相对的一面上，并在相离的两点处与顶轨12相接触。这样顶轨承受了很大的压力而弯力最小。
吊挂带20通过铰接装置24连接到Y形叉座40上吊挂带20包括端部42，它在优选实施例中是一个直角弯形部分，这部分形成了从略为弯曲的悬吊带部分44到铰接装置24的过渡，通常扁平的悬吊带部分44向下延伸并与货物集装箱的壁14共同扩张。从图2的实施例中显而易见，在悬吊带部分44的表面上开有槽46，很显然，只要悬吊带44上的连接装置能与支撑杆48上的相应的连接装置相匹配，可以采用任何一种类型的连接形式。
第二铰接装置24的变化如图3所示，图中连杆18和吊挂带20之间开了一个无效运动槽43。实际上连杆18和挂钩头16夹紧了顶轨12。无效运动槽43所提供的自由度可以用来消除连杆18和挂钩头16的震动。
从图1、图2和图3中可以看出，在挂钩头16和连杆18之间，类似于老虎钳的夹紧是一种凸轮关系。作用在吊挂带20上的重量越大，凸轮卡紧作用就越大，也就是凸轮表面将进一步向上移动。由于销轴位置和凸轮表面的关系，并不是所有的负载力都能转移到顶轨12上，连杆18和挂钩头16的凸轮作用将使第二与箱壁接触部分32对货物集装箱壁施加压力。如上所述，本发明的另一特殊优点是由于第一和第二铰接装置22和24的共同作用，吊挂带20至少是由于重力的作用而被连续加负载，使之平状在箱壁14上。而在先有技术的装置中，与顶轨的连接是由向货仓内伸出的带角度的吊挂带来实现的。事实上，只有在使吊挂带支撑箱壁的条件下，垂直悬挂的吊架才能固定到顶轨上。在安装临时面板时，先要把支撑杆的一端与货仓一侧的吊挂带装配好，安装者在完成装配工作前，要用力克服弹簧作用或两个吊挂带的杠杆作用。要说的另一个问题是在完成两边的装配之前，支撑杆的长度同货物集装箱的宽度要几乎一样。这样，吊挂带与箱壁必须是共同扩张。下面考虑的是垂直延伸吊架10的不同的零件其主要平面之间有着不同的关系。在这个优选实施例中，连杆18的主轴线与箱壁14的主平面之间形成一个准确的α角。
正如已描述的那样，显而易见，应用本发明的吊架装置10可很大程度忽略考虑顶轨的公差变化范围以及吊架本身装配后的累计公差简单地说在最初的无负载的情况下若吊架在公差变化范围的上限和/或顶轨较厚时，则连杆18主轴线和箱壁14的主轴线的夹角就大一些。另一方面，若吊架在公差变化范围的下限和/或顶轨较薄，则同一角度就要比最佳值小一些。然而在任何情况下，垂直悬挂的吊架能自身补偿，以适应于这些变化，并在负载下得到牢固的夹紧作用。当作用在顶轨和货物集装箱壁之间的负载按比例关系传递时，就能可靠地保持吊挂带与货物集装箱的壁共同扩张。
为了使人们在操作这一技术时能熟练掌握，本发明在细节上有十分详细的描述。说明书要求保护的那些权利，在下面的权利要求中陈述。
对本发明实施例中申请的独占权和特权也在下面给予限定。

Claims (10)

1、一种垂直悬挂的吊架装置，它用于包括壁和顶轨的联合运输的货物集装箱的普通敞开装货区域至少一个临时面板的安装，吊架装置包括：
一个装到顶轨上并与之接触的挂钩头；
一个枢轴式连接到所述的挂钩头上的连杆，在所述的挂钩头与所述的顶轨接触相对位置上，所述的连杆与所述的顶轨接触；
吊挂带通过销轴连接到所述的连杆上，并向下延伸与所述的联合运输的集装箱所述的壁的表面共同扩张，这样，当负载加到所述的吊挂带上时，所述的挂钩头与所述的连杆对所述的顶轨的夹紧力增加了。
2、根据权利要求1所述的垂直悬挂的吊架装置中，所述挂钩头包括具有U形剖面，并带有从这几向外凸起的第一和第二凸起部分，所述的连杆通常为Y形叉，它上面有相离的第一和第二与所述的顶轨相接触的壁。所述吊挂带铰接到一基座上并由基座支承。
3、根据权利要求2所述的垂直悬挂的吊架装置包括一个无效运动装置。
4、根据权利要求3所述的垂直悬挂的吊架装置，其中：
所述的上顶轨接触部分的第一和第二凸起在相离的两处夹紧顶轨。
所述的Y形叉的第一和第二臂在相离的两处夹紧顶轨。
5、一种垂直悬挂的吊架装置，其中一组吊架与联合运输的集装箱的顶轨和壁相配合，在普通的敞开装货区域中为至少一个临时面板的安装提供了支撑。一个单个的多面板吊架包括：
一个具有第一和第二顶轨上接触部分和具有第一和第二与箱壁接触部分的挂钩头;
一个具有顶轨下接触部分的连杆;
一个把所述的连杆枢轴式连接到所述的挂钩头上的第一铰接装置，在那儿所述的顶轨下接触部分和所述的第一和第二顶轨上接触部分对所述的顶轨施加了夹紧力;
一个吊挂带，它包括一个端部和一个用来与所述的临时面板连接的体部;
一个把所述的吊挂带端部枢轴式连接到所述的连杆的第二铰接装置，在那儿所述的体部向下延伸，通常与所述的壁共同扩张。
6、根据权利要求5所述的多面板吊架装置中包括一个无效运动装置。
7、根据权利要求5所述的多面板吊架装置中，所述的挂钩头上的所述的第一和第二顶轨上接触部分及所述的连杆上的顶轨下接触部分位于所述的顶轨相对的边上，所述的顶轨上为承受作用在吊挂带上的垂直负载至少有两个相离的区域受压。
8、根据权利要求7所述的多面板吊架装置中，所述的连杆有一个主轴线，所述的壁也有一个主轴线，两个所述的主轴线所形成的夹角是锐角。
9、根据权利要求8所述的多面板吊架装置，所述的吊挂带的端部包括一个补偿区域。
10、根据权利要求9所述的垂直悬挂的吊架装置，所述的第二铰接装置包括一个长槽。
CN89101003A 1988-02-27 1989-02-25 三取代胺、其制备方法和含有该胺的药物组合物 Pending CN1035506A (zh)

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