CN103548774B - A kind of feeding method of the mobilism nutrition improving pig body Nutrition and Metabolism - Google Patents
A kind of feeding method of the mobilism nutrition improving pig body Nutrition and Metabolism Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses the feeding method of a kind of mobilism nutrition improving pig body Nutrition and Metabolism, step: A, selection raw material, the A daily ration of the trophic level of preparation respective stage；B, prepare crude protein, crude fat, the low B daily ration of Sal nutrient water pancake on this basis, B daily ration includes Semen Maydis, bean cake, Semen Tritici aestivi, Testa Tritici, corn DDGS, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, lysine 98, Oleum Glycines, sodium bicarbonate, Sal, wherein crude protein, crude fat, Sal, A and the B feedstuff of preparation；Feeding different daily rations in C, the morning and afternoon, feed A daily ration in the morning during 7:00-12:00；D, feed twice daily, the morning and afternoon scale of feeding be respectively the half of one day total amount。Easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle。Avoid the problems such as absorption antagonism between nutrient substance, effectively improve the pig body metabolism to nutrient substance and utilize；Reduce feeding cost, improve and produce performance and the price of deed；Harmful gas and the Excreta pollutions to environment such as pig house Ammonia in Air gas can be reduced。
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pig feed feeding program field, be more particularly to a kind of improve the body feeding method to the pig feed mobilism of the Absorption And Metabolism utilization ratio of nutrition, it is adaptable to the raising in the swine rearing in various stages, particularly trophophase and the stage stage of fattening。
Background technology
Rational feeding standard is the technical standard of actual raising work, is the important evidence instructing swinery to raise。The swine rearing standard having the greatest impact in the world is U.S. NRC, Britain ARC pig feed standard, is adopted by a lot of countries and regions and uses for reference。China has formally formulated " feeding standard of bacon hogs " in nineteen eighty-three, within 1987, State Standard Bureau formally promulgates " lean type growing-finishing pigs feeding standard ", country in 2004 promulgated again " swine rearing standard " (People's Republic of China's agricultural industry criteria swine rearing standard (NY/T65-2004)) (Lan Yunxian edits. animal feeding standard. publishing house of Southwestern Normal University, 2008)。But, for a long time, these feeding standards both domestic and external are all be the unified daily ration according to preparation with the demand of different phase pig, and namely in certain stage, each phase feeding is all the daily ration of same trophic level of these preparation of raw material。
Animal body absorbs nourishment from the external world material, in vivo oxidation Decomposition, gives off energy, and needs for various vital movements such as body growth growths。It is true that animal body is different at the nutritional need of the different time of a day。The animal digestion organ function at night declines, and basal metabolism is very low, if evening overfeeding, and eat into a large amount of foods containing protein and fat, it is not easy to digestion also affects the rest at night。Therefore, the nutrient substance searched for food does not obtain the maximized absorption of animal body and utilization, is also easy to produce the situation of overnutrition, causes the burden of internal organs, cause the phenomenon such as urinary nitrogen and ammonia rising。
Secondly, three major nutrient can be carried out oxidation Decomposition in vivo, uses as energy substance。But they energy supplies have sequencing, they according to saccharide, lipid, protein sequentially energized。Saccharide can be directly translated into protein and fat, and protein can also be directly translated into saccharide and fat。In the process so converted, also can loss of energy (Wang Jingyan/Zhu Shenggeng/Xu Changfa chief editor, " biochemistry " third edition, Higher Education Publishing House .2002)。
Furthermore, there is antagonism problem in the absorption of nutrient substance。Antagonism refers in Absorption And Metabolism process, owing to the quantitative proportion between two or more nutrient substance (such as calcium and phosphorus, calcium and zinc etc.) is improper, causes a kind of nutrient substance to stop the phenomenon of another kind of absorption of nutrient ingredients。The clearest and the most definite has amino acid whose absorption antagonism problem, the antagonism (print is met dragon and edited, " pig amino acid nutrient and metabolism " Science Press, 2008 years) having absorption between arginine and lysine clear and definite at present。
Therefore, what feed in one day that the mixed ration of unified standard can cause that alimentation utilizes is insufficient, and mutually converting and the extra consumption of the albumen that causes or energy matter between nutrient substance, not only the burden of animal body self is increased, also result in the huge waste of limited feed resource, cause the feed cost of unit livestock products, also ecological environment is caused severe contamination simultaneously。Therefore, how reducing low appetite nursing sow and employ too much soma, age of sucking, feedstuff should pass through the design of science to provide maximally effective nutrition。A kind of dynamic feeding method (Wu's letter improving pig feed utilization rate of patent of invention that inventor's early stage is declared, Deng. a kind of dynamic feeding method improving pig feed utilization rate, application number: 201310097752.X), the method proposes feasible dynamic feeding method first, but the method needs repeatedly to change feedstuff in one day, therefore, the method is made troubles to the operation of the group support animal of artificial feeding。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to there are provided the feeding method of a kind of mobilism nutrition improving pig body Nutrition and Metabolism, easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle, effectively improve the pig body metabolism to nutrient substance to utilize, improve pig feed utilization rate, no matter it is mechanization is fed or the mode of artificial feeding, all simple and easy to do, particularly to sow feed and feed very convenient dynamically。
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts techniques below measure:
The present invention provides feedstuff preparation and the feed mode thereof of a kind of easy raising efficiency of feed utilization, different with the demand of physiological function according to the nutrition of self in pig body one day, reasonably combined by by between nutrient substance between raw material, feed the daily ration of the nutrient levels such as different crude protein, crude fat, Sal, the morning and afternoon in the morning and afternoon containing absorbing the nutrition content of mutual antagonism and different functional additives。It is possible not only to improve the absorption and use efficiency of pig feed nutrition, also can reduce the oxidative damage of body, reduce the discharge of the harmful gass such as ammonia, it is achieved be efficiently cultivation, nuisanceless and reduce the purpose of aquaculture environmental pollution。The present invention is mainly reflected in the daily ration feeding different nutrition levels in a day, namely the daily ration that the nutrient levels such as crude protein, crude fat, Sal are relatively high is fed the morning, feed the daily ration that the nutrient levels such as crude protein, crude fat, Sal are relatively low afternoon, wherein the low about 5-30% of nutrient water pancake such as crude protein, crude fat, Sal；The morning is different with the selection of functional additive containing the nutrition content absorbing mutual antagonism with afternoon；The morning and afternoon scale of feeding be about respectively about the half of one day total amount。
The feeding method of a kind of mobilism nutrition improving pig body Nutrition and Metabolism, the steps include:
1, raw material is selected according to current Chinese feeding standard (2004), including Semen Maydis, bean cake, Semen Tritici aestivi, Testa Tritici, corn DDGS, fish flour, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, lysine 98, Oleum Glycines, sodium bicarbonate, Sal etc., premix is by copper, zinc, ferrum, manganese, iodine, aminoacid and commercially available vitamin etc. form, with reference to current conventional feeding standard national research council (NationalResearchCouncil, NRC) feeding standard (1998) delivered and Chinese Pigs feeding standard (2004), the A daily ration of the trophic level of preparation respective stage；
2, the feedstuff of preparation different nutrition levels and trophic level, prepare crude protein on this basis, crude fat, the B daily ration of the low about 5-30% of the nutrient water pancakes such as Sal, B daily ration includes Semen Maydis (0-65.0%), bean cake (0-15.0%), Semen Tritici aestivi (0-35.0%), Testa Tritici (0-15.0%), corn DDGS (0-15.0%), calcium hydrogen phosphate (0-1.5%), stone powder (0-1.5%), lysine 98(0-0.5%), arginine (0.01-0.6%), Oleum Glycines (0-1.5%), sodium bicarbonate (0-0.6%), Sal (0-0.3%) etc., wherein crude protein (10.0-20.0%), crude fat (3.0-3.8%), Sal (0.2-0.3%)。Described raw material is multinomial selection, the raw material of any selection is Semen Maydis, bean cake, Testa Tritici, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, lysine 98, Oleum Glycines, sodium bicarbonate, Sal raw material is added equal to 100% or Semen Maydis therein, bean cake, Semen Tritici aestivi, corn DDGS, stone powder, Oleum Glycines, the addition of Sal raw material are equal to 100%, any 4-6 or 3-5 or 5-7 or 6-10 or 4-11 kind raw material are added equal to 100%, because raw material is multinomial selection, can not all according to the most multinomial selection, which kind of raw material some recipe do not have be 0, and what some selections had does not select。A and the B feedstuff of preparation includes the shapes such as powder-material, particulate material, particle and liquid feed thereof。Wherein, the nutrient substance with mutual antagonism is respectively placed in A and B daily ration。
3, feed different daily rations respectively in the morning and afternoon and select to add the additive of various physiological functions, namely feeding A daily ration during 7:00-12:00 in the morning, functional additive alternative nucleotides (0.01-0.5%), curcumin (0.01-0.5%), quintessence oil (0.001-0.05%) etc. promote the material of body blood circulation；Feed B daily ration in the afternoon during 12:00-21:00, functional additive may select oligochitosan (0.01-1.5%), γ-aminobutyric acid (0.01-0.5%) etc. and promotes that body calmness improves the material of sleep；
4, feeding frequency is reduced to twice every day, or the practical situation according to column home and pig number feeds twice or three times, the morning and afternoon scale of feeding be about respectively (morning and afternoon each 50%) about the half of one day total amount, scale of feeding is roughly equal to about the 5% of every pig body weight altogether, adjusts in appropriate amount according to the feed intake of early stage。
Feedstuff and the trophic level of different nutrition levels prepared by table 1
*Note: (1) premix is made up of copper, zinc, ferrum, manganese, iodine, aminoacid and commercially available vitamin etc. and carrier；
(2) A ration premix compound adds nucleotide, quintessence oil, curcumin etc. selectively and promotes functional additive of body blood circulation；Containing oligochitosan, γ-aminobutyric acid, cellulose etc., B daily ration promotes that body calmness improves functional additive of sleep。
The present invention is compared with prior art, simple, it is easy to operation, has the following advantages and effect:
1, in one day, the absorption of nutrient substance and the different of utilization are changed according to pig body, dynamically feed, organism metabolism ability can be promoted, can reasonably meet again the needs of pig different time Stage Nutrition material, make feedstuff Middle nutrition thing utilization rate improve；
2, avoid the problems such as absorption antagonism between nutrient substance, improve the absorption of nutrient substance, improve and produce performance and the price of deed, reduce feeding cost；
3, harmful gas and the Excreta pollutions to indoor and outdoor surroundings such as pig house Ammonia in Air gas can be reduced。
Adopting the feed mode of present embodiment, the feeding experiment that inventor does is it is shown that test group grower pigs of the present invention is under the basis that feed intake is close, and relatively matched group average daily gain improves 4.51-12.17%；The harmful gas 5.20-28.39% such as pig house Ammonia in Air gas can be reduced。
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
A kind of feeding method of the mobilism nutrition improving pig body Nutrition and Metabolism, this be the present invention for raising the feed mode in the 40kg-70kg stage stage of fattening, the steps include:
1, raw material is selected according to current feeding standard, including Semen Maydis, bean cake, Semen Tritici aestivi, Testa Tritici, corn DDGS, oil bran, fish flour, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, lysine 98, Oleum Glycines, sodium bicarbonate, Sal etc., premix is by copper, zinc, ferrum, manganese, iodine, aminoacid and commercially available vitamin etc. form, with reference to current conventional feeding standard national research council (NationalResearchCouncil, NRC) feeding standard (1998) delivered and Chinese Pigs feeding standard (2004), the A1 daily ration (feed formulation of different nutrition levels and trophic level thereof refer to table 2) of the trophic level in preparation fattening of pig stage；The wherein nutrient such as crude protein (15.87%), crude fat (4.0%), lysine (0.89%), Sal (0.42%)。
2, the feedstuff of preparation different nutrition levels and trophic level, prepare crude protein on this basis, crude fat, the B1 daily ration of the low about 5-30% of the nutrient water pancakes such as Sal, including Semen Maydis (66.7%), bean cake (13.1%), corn DDGS (6.0%), oil bran (2.0%), Testa Tritici (8.5%), calcium hydrogen phosphate (1.1%), stone powder (0.9%), arginine (0.3%), sodium bicarbonate (0.1%), Sal (0.3%), premix (1.0%) etc., premix is by copper, zinc, ferrum, manganese, iodine, selenium, the arbitrary proportion such as aminoacid and commercially available vitamin forms, B1 diets of different nutrition level includes: crude protein (14.78%), crude fat (3.79%), lysine (0.68%), the nutrients (feed formulation of different nutrition levels and trophic level thereof refer to table 2) such as Sal (0.32%)。The above premixed feed of preparation includes the shapes such as powder-material, particulate material, particle and liquid feed thereof。
3, the morning and afternoon different daily rations is fed, the material lysine and arginine with antagonism are separately fed, select to add the additive of various physiological functions: namely feed A1 daily ration during 7:00-12:00 in the morning, add functional additive nucleotide (0.01%)；Feed B1 daily ration in the afternoon during 12:00-21:00, functional additive selects oligochitosan (0.02%)；
4, feeding frequency is reduced to twice every day, or the practical situation according to column home and pig number feeds more than twice, the morning and afternoon scale of feeding be about respectively that about the half of one day total amount, scale of feeding is roughly equal to about the 5% of every pig body weight altogether, adjust in appropriate amount according to the feed intake of early stage。
Feedstuff and the trophic level of different nutrition levels prepared by table 2
*Note: need to add copper sulfate 20mg, potassium iodate 0.24mg, ferrous sulfate 400mg, manganese sulfate 60mg in (1) every kg material, sodium selenite 0.50mg, zinc sulfate 200mg, choline 1.20g, 3-Hydroxyretinol 500IU, vitamin D1 50IU, vitamin E 40IU, vitamin K 0.6mg, vitamin B2 3.55mg, VB11 .0mg, vitamin B6 0.8mg, vitamin B12 10 μ g, biotin 0.3mg, available nicotinic acid 12mg, pantothenic acid 10mg, folic acid 1.2mg。
(2) A ration premix compound adds functional additive such as nucleotide, curcumin selectively；Containing functional additives such as oligochitosan, cellulose, probiotics in B daily ration。
Adopting the feedstuff of present embodiment, the feeding experiment that inventor does is it is shown that test group grower pigs of the present invention is under the basis that feed intake is close, and relatively matched group average daily gain improves 7.25%。
Embodiment 2:
A kind of feeding method of the mobilism nutrition improving pig body Nutrition and Metabolism, this be the present invention for raising the feed mode in the 50kg-80kg stage stage of fattening, the steps include:
1, raw material is selected according to current feeding standard, including Semen Maydis, bean cake, Semen Tritici aestivi, Testa Tritici, corn DDGS, oil bran, fish flour, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, lysine 98, Oleum Glycines, sodium bicarbonate, Sal etc., premix is by copper, zinc, ferrum, manganese, iodine, aminoacid and commercially available vitamin etc. form, with reference to current conventional feeding standard national research council (NationalResearchCouncil, NRC) feeding standard (1998) delivered and Chinese Pigs feeding standard (2004), the A1 daily ration (feed formulation of different nutrition levels and trophic level thereof refer to table 2) of the trophic level in preparation fattening of pig stage；The wherein nutrient such as crude protein (15.87%), crude fat (4.0%), lysine (0.89%), Sal (0.42%)。
2, the feedstuff of preparation different nutrition levels and trophic level, prepare crude protein on this basis, crude fat, the B1 daily ration of the low about 5-30% of the nutrient water pancakes such as Sal, including Semen Maydis (65.9%), bean cake (14.2%), corn DDGS (4.2%), oil bran (3.2%), Testa Tritici (8.8%), calcium hydrogen phosphate (1.1%), stone powder (0.9%), arginine (0.3%), sodium bicarbonate (0.1%), Sal (0.3%), premix (1.0%) etc. etc., premix is by copper, zinc, ferrum, manganese, iodine, selenium, aminoacid and commercially available vitamin etc. form, B1 diets of different nutrition level includes: crude protein (14.85%), crude fat (3.80%), lysine (0.76%), the nutrients (feed formulation of different nutrition levels and trophic level thereof refer to table 2) such as Sal (0.32%)。The above premixed feed of preparation includes the shapes such as powder-material, particulate material, particle and liquid feed thereof。
3, the morning and afternoon feed different daily rations, the material lysine and arginine with antagonism are separately fed: namely feed A1 daily ration during 7:00-12:00 in the morning, add functional additive quintessence oil (0.01%)；Feed B1 daily ration in the afternoon during 12:00-21:00, functional additive selects γ-aminobutyric acid (0.02%)；
4, feeding frequency is reduced to twice every day, or the practical situation according to column home and pig number feeds more than twice, the morning and afternoon scale of feeding be about respectively that about the half of one day total amount, scale of feeding is roughly equal to about the 5% of every pig body weight altogether, adjust in appropriate amount according to the feed intake of early stage。
Adopting the feedstuff of present embodiment, the feeding experiment that inventor does is it is shown that test group grower pigs of the present invention is under the basis that feed intake is close, and relatively matched group average daily gain improves 9.17%。Effectively improve the pig body metabolism utilization ratio to nutrient substance。
Claims (1)
1. improve a feeding method for the mobilism nutrition of pig body Nutrition and Metabolism, the steps include:
A, selection raw material, including Semen Maydis, bean cake, Semen Tritici aestivi, Testa Tritici, corn DDGS, fish flour, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, lysine 98, Oleum Glycines, sodium bicarbonate, Sal, premix is made up of copper, zinc, ferrum, manganese, iodine, aminoacid and vitamin, the A daily ration of the trophic level of preparation respective stage；
B, the feedstuff preparing different nutrition levels and trophic level; prepare the B daily ration of crude protein, crude fat, the low 5-30% of Sal nutrient water pancake on this basis; B daily ration includes Semen Maydis, bean cake, Semen Tritici aestivi, Testa Tritici, corn DDGS, calcium hydrogen phosphate, stone powder, lysine 98, arginine, Oleum Glycines, sodium bicarbonate, Sal; wherein crude protein 10.0-20.0%, crude fat 3.0-3.8%, Sal 0.2-0.35%; A and the B feedstuff of preparation is particle or liquid feed shape; wherein, the nutrient substance of mutual antagonism is respectively placed in A and B daily ration；
Feeding different daily rations in C, the morning and afternoon, feed A daily ration the morning during 7:00-12:00, functional additive alternative nucleotides 0.01-0.5%, curcumin 0.01-0.5%, quintessence oil 0.001-0.05% promote the material of body blood circulation；Feed B daily ration in the afternoon during 12:00-21:00, functional additive selects oligochitosan 0.01-1.5%, γ-aminobutyric acid 0.01-0.5% to promote the material of body calmness improvement sleep；
D, feeding frequency every day are twice, or the practical situation according to column home and pig number feeds twice or three times, the morning and afternoon scale of feeding be respectively the half of one day total amount: the morning and afternoon each 50%, scale of feeding is the 5% of every pig body weight altogether, is adjusted according to the feed intake of early stage。
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