CN103548671A - Breeding method of bald white wheat - Google Patents
Breeding method of bald white wheat Download PDFInfo
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- CN103548671A CN103548671A CN201310525201.9A CN201310525201A CN103548671A CN 103548671 A CN103548671 A CN 103548671A CN 201310525201 A CN201310525201 A CN 201310525201A CN 103548671 A CN103548671 A CN 103548671A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wheat breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of bald white wheat. The breeding method comprises the following steps: 1, carrying out single cross, back cross, composite cross or multi-parent convergent cross on wheat, which has a bald or apex-awned character and a white character and serves as a female parent, to obtain F0 generation seeds; 2, planting the F0 generation seeds, and harvesting F1 generation seeds after ripening; 3, planting the F1 generation seeds, and selecting awn-free F2 generation seeds; 4, carrying out single-plant selection on the F2 generation seeds, and selecting awn-free and apex-awned F3 generation seeds; 5, carrying out indoor seed testing on the F3 generation seeds, and selecting white F4 generation seeds; and 6, planting the F4 generation seeds for multiple times until the strain is free of awns and has the stable white character to form a variety for production. The bald white wheat provided by the invention is developed in root system, strong in tillering capacity, high in formed wheat ears, large in grain, high in thousand seed weight, full in grain, easy to thresh, strong in lodging-resistance capability, stripe rust resistance, leaf rust resistance and powdery mildew resistance, and good in ripening and yellowing, and has rectangular wheat ears and white bran.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wheat breeding technical field, be specifically related to the breeding method of a kind of bare headed white wheat.
Background technology
Wheat belongs to important cereal crops.Government all pays much attention to seed selection and the production of new variety of wheat both at home and abroad, and it is being related to people's life and national grain security.The specificity of wheat breed has determined the region that it is promoted the use of.Geographical complicated due to China, ecological condition difference is large, and wheat easily infects various white powder, red mould, yellow rust etc., in order to ensure high yield, selects the improved seeds that disease resistance is strong of crucial importance.
Wheat is a kind of staple food crop of widely planting in the world, and the object that people plant wheat is not only and is met grain ration, but also in order to improve its quality.Shortage due to growth in the living standard and labour.In the Wheat Production of most of knob, the Sichuan Basin, common people like plantation shaven head (short, without awns) kind, and the one, be convenient to results, solve labor shortage problem; The 2nd, without the wheat husk of awns, can be processed into the feed of livestock and poultry, be of value to and save cost and increase farmers' income, peasant more needs high-yield disease resisting white skin shaven head of fine quality (short, without awns) kind.The bare headed white wheat that peasant produces can obtain the price higher than other type kind on market, improves Wheat Production and is worth, and obtains compared with high yield.Improve the crudy of flour and food simultaneously, improve peasant and consumer's living standard.And the upper bare headed white wheat kind that can use of production is at present few, can not meet at all and produce and masses' needs, carry out the breeding and application of white characteristic new variety of wheat of shaven head, tool is of great significance and wide application prospect.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the breeding method of a kind of bare headed white wheat.
In order to address the above problem, the breeding method of the present invention's shaven head white wheat, step is as follows:
1) using shaven head or tip awn proterties and have wheat that a white kernel Characters exists as female parent, employing single cross, backcross, multiple cross or how close convergent cross, obtain F
0for seed;
2) by F
0for seed plantation, ripe rear results F
1for seed;
3) by F
1for seed plantation, choose without awns F
2for seed;
4) by F
2for seed, carry out individual plant selection, choose without awns and tip awn F
3for seed;
5) by F
3for seed, carry out indoor species test, choose white grain F
4for seed;
6) by F
4through too much generation plantation, stable without the white kernel Characters of awns to this strain for seed, form kind, for the production of.
Parent of the present invention must have without awns or tip awn and white kernel Characters.Adopt single cross or multiple cross will see that proterties and breeding objective that parent possesses carry out Analysis deterrmination.If male parent and female parent contain the needed proterties of breeding objective, just can adopt single cross mode.If male parent and female parent only possess Part Traits or the needed specialized character in breeding objective, just need to carry out multiple cross or convergent cross.
White grain of the present invention and baldness shape are recessive character, in a generation, retain as far as possible more combination.Two generations and later from generation to generation plant as required individual plant and select, observe, record, results and species test.During threshing, by having awns and distinguishing threshing without awns (comprising short awns), during species test, by kernel seed coat colour, be divided into white skin kind and red skin kind.Without the white grain of awns, plant the emphasis of selecting and remain for the present invention; Comprehensive Traits is good plant and have the white grain kind of awns can make other breeding purposes without the red grain of awns selected, and also can in offspring's separation, carry out system and select bare headed white wheat kind.
The combination of planting without the white grain of awns that meets the middle choosing of breeding objective is directly selected, after proterties is stable, participated in various tests, until form kind, for the production of.If selected, without the white grain of awns, plant and only have Part Traits to meet the requirements, will using this as intermediate materials, allow it as one of parent, the general female parent of doing, the material that need to improve with Breeding objective, generally as male parent, hybridize, until cultivate, meet breeding objective and adapt to the improved seeds of planting under local ecological condition.
For improving the Breeding Efficiency of bare headed white wheat kind, shorten breeding cycle, Parent of the present invention possesses the needed important character of breeding objective.Other Crossing system preferably adopts parent centered by the intermediate materials with the most proterties of breeding objective oneself being bred as, repeatedly with intermediate materials, do maternal, to there is breeding objective, need the material of Ameliorative character to carry out taking turns or taking turns more hybridization as male parent, or cultivate a plurality of intermediate materials and carry out phase mutual cross, just can select quickly the bare headed white wheat new varieties that meet breeding objective.
The beneficial effect of the breeding method of the present invention's shaven head white wheat is:
The well developed root system of the present invention's shaven head white wheat, tillering ability is strong, Cheng Suigao; Seed is larger, and thousand kernel weight is higher, and grain grain is full, rectangle fringe, and white shell, maturation falls yellow good, easily threshing; Lodging tolerance, stripe rust resisting, leaf rust and powdery mildew ability are stronger.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but limitation of the present invention not, all any this areas of doing according to the disclosure of invention be equal to replacement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The breeding method of the bare headed white wheat kind Mianyang 92--330 of embodiment 1
A breeding method for bare headed white wheat, its concrete grammar is as follows:
1) selected self-fertile strain Mianyang 01821 to do maternal, selected self-fertile strain Mianyang 85-40 to make male parent, preparing hybrid combination: Mianyang 01821/ Mianyang 85-40.5 fringes of pollinating, results F
0for 86, seed.Wherein, Mianyang 01821, plant height 70-75cm, Sccded spikclct 18-20,45 left and right of mature grain number, thousand kernel weight 45-50g, more than Gao Keda 57g.The white shell of long awns, rectangle fringe, well developed root system, plant is short strong, have that stalk is short, plant height causes that short power is strong, precocious, resistant to lodging and resistance against diseases is strong, the outstanding features such as large grain is skin in vain, and Comprehensive Traits is good are the good wheat parent materials of short stem that can provide utilization in wheat breeding, its shortcoming is that tillering ability is not strong, the percentage of earbearing tiller is on the low side, and mature spike number is less, general 667m
2become fringe 180,000 left and right, be directly used in production output lower.Mianyang 85-40 is the systematic breeding strain of wheat Mianyang 11 number, shaven head (tip awn), and seed pale red, tillering ability is strong, and the percentage of earbearing tiller and mature spike number are higher, and number of productive ear can reach 25-28 ten thousand at Sichuan Mai Qu.Sccded spikclct is counted 17-19, and mature grain is counted 45-50 grain, thousand kernel weight 43-47g, and spindle-like fringe, plant height 95cm left and right, lodging tolerance is poor;
2) plantation F
0for seed 2 row, long 2 meters of row, 0.4 meter of line width, all F of ripe rear results
1for seed;
3) by F
1for seed, plant 30 row, row is long 2 meters, 0.4 meter of line width, trench digging single grain waved sowing, every row determine Basic Seedling 22 strains, for retaining more genetic germplasm, does not carry out individual plant selection, between harvest time by plant height with have or not awns to carry out categorizing selection and collection, choose without awns F
2for seed;
4) by F
2for seed, carry out individual plant selection, in this test, the white grain of shaven head individual plant, the white grain of the shaven head individual plant that particularly meets breeding objective is focal selection and perpetual object in this process.F
2middle selection without Grain in Ear son to look its scale as far as possible multiple, 40 row have been planted in this test, the same step 3) of implantation methods.The seed of all the other classifications can plant as required 10～30 capable not etc.F
2start, emphasis carries out individual plant selection, and according to breeding objective, applicable plant and leaf shape is carried out in field, tillering ability, plant height, disease resistance, tassel size, small ear fecundity, selects without awns and tip awn individual plant, and classifies, numbers, hangs label, chooses without awns and tip awn F after maturation
3for seed;
5) by F
3for seed, carry out indoor species test, whether this test emphasis be take seed is white grain; Quality better is bad, generally according to correlation seed cutin degree, just eliminates; Whether seed size meets the requirements; Seed color and luster quality; Whether seed is full as investigating index.The selected strain that upgrades to, not selected carrying out he use.Selected each single-strain planting 3 row of individual plant, the same step 3) of method, growth and development stage is observed record by breeding objective, and individual plant is selected to be undertaken by step 4) method.To meeting the strain registration that breeding objective and proterties are stable, list, three row all results, threshing, solarization are hidden.The strain that field observation and indoor species test all meet this requirement of experiment escalates into strain, chooses white grain F
4for seed;
6) by F
4for seed, through repeatedly plantation, choose F
5generation, F
6for seed.F
5in this test, for strain, survey and produce test, F
6it in this test, is variety test of lines.F
5do not establish repetition, area is 7 square metres; The satisfactory variety comparative test that enters of output and feature.F
6generation is by F
5the strain of upgrading is carried out randomized arrangement, repeats for three times, and area is the statistical analysis test of 14 square metres.The test method in this two generation is all carried out with reference to traditional breeding method.In this combination, the white grain of shaven head strain is participated in variety comparative test, and its code name is decided to be Mianyang 92-330.Its principal character characteristic: the white grain of shaven head, seed is larger, and thousand kernel weight is higher, and grain grain is full, rectangle fringe, white shell, maturation falls yellow good, easily threshing; Stripe rust resisting, leaf rust and powdery mildew ability are stronger; Plant height 90cm left and right, spike length 11cm left and right, Sccded spikclct 19-21, mature grain is counted 47-55 grain, thousand kernel weight 44-50g, community is surveyed and is produced every mu of 445-480kg, volume increase 13.5-19.8%.For continue separated strain strain all can repeating step 4 to the method for step 6, until choose meet this method needs kind for this reason.Kind Mianyang 92-330 of this test seed selection is in mountain area, Sichuan Province and knob plantation, and about plant plant height 80cm, lodging tolerance is strong; This kind fringe capacity is large.This kind Mianyang 92-330 plants 667m in Shaanxi
2can reach 300,000 fringes, per mu yield is more than 500kg, and high yield field can reach 600kg.
The breeding method in the bare headed white wheat kind of embodiment 2 Mianyang No. 31 (former code name Mianyang 96-329)
A breeding method for bare headed white wheat, its concrete grammar is as follows:
In this experiment, hybrid combination is: Mianyang 81-5/ becomes raw 81-24//river to plant 89-076, and its Method of selecting progeny is with example 1.Mianyang 81-5, after name Mianyang No. 20; Become raw 81-24, after name river and educate No. 9; The strain that Mianyang 81-5/ becomes raw 81-24 to become system, become kind is more, and the strain code name of this combination is Mianyang 90-310.In this test, can regard interracial multiple cross as, also can regard the convergent cross mode of selecting intermediate materials to hybridize again of cultivating as.Mianyang 81-5 is the systematic breeding strain of Mianyang 11 number, and Mianyang 11 number is red grain kind, and Mianyang 81-5 is white grain seed, plant height 90cm left and right, spike length 11-13cm, Sccded spikclct 19-21, mature grain is counted 45-55 grain, thousand kernel weight 45-55g, every mu of effective fringe 21-24 ten thousand.Plant and leaf shape is good, and resistance against diseases is strong, and seed machined surface whitewash cleanliness is good, and seed is bright and clean, and commodity value is high.The resistance to fertility of this kind a little less than, easily lodge.Becoming raw 81-24 is the filial generation that No. 5/NPFP is educated in river, and hereditary basis is complicated, has the edge blood relationships far away such as Triticum polonicum L; This kind energy late sowing is precocious, 187 days breeding times, plant height 85cm left and right, spike length 10-13cm, Sccded spikclct 19-23,50 left and right of mature grain number, thousand kernel weight 46-60g, effectively fringe 19-21 ten thousand; Plant root is flourishing, and cane is tough and tensile, and lodging tolerance is strong, high stripe rust resisting, and red grain, seed baking properties and steaming Zhu quality are good, and flour extraction reaches 74.4%, and Mianyang 11 flour extraction reaches 65.9%, becomes raw 81-24 higher by 8.5% than Mianyang 11 flour extraction.Take Mianyang 81-5 respectively as maternal, take raw 81-24 to hybridize as male parent, offspring carries out target selection and directed selection, successively cultivates many stable strains, as Mianyang 89-224, Mianyang 90-309, Mianyang 90-310 etc.Mianyang 89-224, Mianyang 90-309 by Sichuan Province's variety certification, name No. 27, Mianyang and Mianyang 26 respectively.Mianyang 90-310 utilizes as the intermediate materials in this test, this strain plant height 75-80cm, spike length 10-12cm, Sccded spikclct 19-21, mature grain is counted 44-50 grain, thousand kernel weight 45-48g, and the short garden of seed is full amber, cutin degree is high, cane is tough and tensile, and resistant to lodging strong with premunition, plant type is compact, leaf look dark green, good looking appearance.The disease-resistant material of introducing from Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Province is identified through this locality, having screened river plants 89-076 and makes male parent, this parent's plant height 90cm left and right, spike length 10-11cm, Sccded spikclct 17-21, mature grain is counted 42-48, thousand kernel weight 43-47g, the white grain of short awns, stripe rust resisting and leaf rust ability are strong, powdery mildew is also had to certain resistance, and plant and leaf shape is comparatively loose.Preparing hybrid combination: 89-076 is planted in 90-310/ river, Mianyang, offspring carries out orientation and selects, and has strengthened and has selected pressure, meticulously selects through 4 generations, has formed and has comparatively stablized strain Mianyang 96-329.The white grain of this strain shaven head, white shell rectangle fringe, plant height 80cm left and right, spike length 10-12cm, Sccded spikclct 19-21, mature grain is counted 45-55 grain, thousand kernel weight 46-50g, every mu of effective fringe 24-27 Wan， community is surveyed to produce and is reached 525kg.Sichuan Province's large area is produced general per mu yield 400-450kg, by Sichuan Province's variety certification, names Mianyang No. 31.This kind well developed root system, tillering ability is strong, Cheng Suigao, plant is short strong, and lodging tolerance is strong especially, high stripe rust resisting and leaf rust, plant good looking appearance, the maturation Yellow that falls is good.
Claims (5)
1. a breeding method for bare headed white wheat, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) using shaven head or tip awn proterties and have wheat that a white kernel Characters exists as female parent, employing single cross, backcross, multiple cross or how close convergent cross, obtain F
0for seed;
2) by F
0for seed plantation, ripe rear results F
1for seed;
3) by F
1for seed plantation, choose without awns F
2for seed;
4) by F
2for seed, carry out individual plant selection, choose without awns and tip awn F
3for seed;
5) by F
3for seed, carry out indoor species test, choose white grain F
4for seed;
6) by F
4through too much generation plantation, stable without the white kernel Characters of awns to this strain for seed, form kind, for the production of.
2. the breeding method of bare headed white wheat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by step 2) middle plantation F
0for seed 2 row, long 2 meters of row, 0.4 meter of line width.
3. the breeding method of bare headed white wheat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by F in step 3)
1generation plantation 30 row, long 2 meters of row, 0.4 meter of line width, trench digging single grain waved sowing, every row determine Basic Seedling 22 strains, between harvest time by plant height with have or not awns to carry out categorizing selection and collection.
4. the breeding method of bare headed white wheat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by F in step 4)
2for seed, carry out individual plant selection, applicable plant and leaf shape is carried out in field, tillering ability, and plant height, disease resistance, tassel size, small ear fecundity, selects without awns and tip awn individual plant, and classifies, numbers, hangs label.
5. the breeding method of bare headed white wheat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, by F in step 5)
3the individual plant of selecting carries out indoor species test, threshing, solarization Tibetan, selects white grain, full seed F
4for seed.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107646667A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-02-02 | 安徽国盛农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of breeding of high yield wheat resistant to lodging and cultural method |
| CN111742836A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-09 | 甘肃省农业科学院经济作物与啤酒原料研究所（甘肃省农业科学院中药材研究所） | Breeding method of hooked mango barley |
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| US4143486A (en) * | 1977-09-15 | 1979-03-13 | Research Corporation | Hybrid wheat |
| CN102138518A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2011-08-03 | 西南科技大学 | Wheat breeding method |
| CN102265784A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2011-12-07 | 商洛学院 | Method for breeding dry farming breed commercial wheat 5226 in mountainous area |
| CN103039354A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-17 | 俞海 | Spring wheat breeding method |
-
2013
- 2013-10-30 CN CN201310525201.9A patent/CN103548671A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4143486A (en) * | 1977-09-15 | 1979-03-13 | Research Corporation | Hybrid wheat |
| CN102138518A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2011-08-03 | 西南科技大学 | Wheat breeding method |
| CN102265784A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2011-12-07 | 商洛学院 | Method for breeding dry farming breed commercial wheat 5226 in mountainous area |
| CN103039354A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-17 | 俞海 | Spring wheat breeding method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 李生荣等: ""高产抗病矮秆小麦新品种绵阳31"", 《作物杂志》, no. 3, 31 December 2003 (2003-12-31) * |
| 罗新青等: ""春小麦新品种民和853选育报告"", 《甘肃农业科技》, no. 2, 31 December 1999 (1999-12-31), pages 13 - 14 * |
| 许明喜: ""高产优质小麦品种绵阳92-330特征特性及栽培技术"", 《现代种业》, no. 1, 31 December 2002 (2002-12-31) * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107646667A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2018-02-02 | 安徽国盛农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of breeding of high yield wheat resistant to lodging and cultural method |
| CN111742836A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-09 | 甘肃省农业科学院经济作物与啤酒原料研究所（甘肃省农业科学院中药材研究所） | Breeding method of hooked mango barley |
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Application publication date: 20140205 |