CN102265784A - Method for breeding dry farming breed commercial wheat 5226 in mountainous area - Google Patents
Method for breeding dry farming breed commercial wheat 5226 in mountainous area Download PDFInfo
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- CN102265784A CN102265784A CN 201110150353 CN201110150353A CN102265784A CN 102265784 A CN102265784 A CN 102265784A CN 201110150353 CN201110150353 CN 201110150353 CN 201110150353 A CN201110150353 A CN 201110150353A CN 102265784 A CN102265784 A CN 102265784A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding dry farming breed commercial wheat 5226 in a mountainous area, and the method comprises the following steps: selecting commercial wheat 8928 as a female parent and a plant 8788 as a male parent for hybridizing, wherein a combination number is 97(5); processing an offspring with a pedigree method to obtain two plant systems of 97(5)-22-6-1 and 97(5)-22-6-2, wherein 97(5)-22-6-1 and 97(5)-22-6-2 have almost same character and characteristics of weak winterness plant height being 85cm, white grains, good quality, disease resistance, drought and coldness resistance and good mature appearance; and subjecting 97(5)-22-6-1 to region experiments, breeding and plant experimenting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mating system of mountain area dry farming kind merchant wheat 5226, belong to the wheat breeding technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, world food gross yield breach strengthens, and according to statistics: 2002～2003 annual world wheat gross yields are 56,872 ten thousand tons, and 59,781 ten thousand tons of global consumption figures are than increasing by 6,000,000 tons last year, 3,100 ten thousand tons of breach.8,929 ten thousand tons of China's 2002～2003 annual wheat gross yields, 2004 and wheat gross yield in 2005 increase by 6.32% and 5.04% on year-on-year basis respectively, but breach is still very big, and the same period, the wheat import volume reached 3821.2 ten thousand tons, and therefore, the wheat price goes up year by year.At the high-end market good quality wheat dog-eat-dog of grain trade, good quality wheat outlet by beautiful, add, state such as Australia monopolizes for a long time.In order to alleviate market pressure, alleviate imbalance between supply and demand, various countries go out the huge fund support breeding high grade wheat new varieties as preferred option.After the last century the nineties, along with the further increasing and the good quality wheat import volume of China's degree of opening are soaring year by year, R﹠D institutions at different levels have been gradually by having abandoned the breeding pattern of heavy quality of only heavy output, on the breeding of new variety of the various and tailored version of the purposes that turns to yield and quality to lay equal stress on rapidly.
Shanglou is positioned at the southeast, Shaanxi Province, and the wheat district belongs to the area that intersects in the Yellow River and Huai He River winter wheat district and middle and lower reach of Yangtze River winter wheat district, and the long-term cultivated area of wheat is stabilized in more than 1,300,000 mu.Because be located in zone of transition, the especially Shanglou in two barley districts, China north and south and the sloping plateau ground of peripheral provinces and regions, ground, non-irrigated level ground ecological condition complexity, the problem that exists on the Wheat Production is more.
The one, lack muscle, adaptable new variety of wheat in the high-quality.Shaanxi Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences has cultivated Qin wheat No. 1, Chinese Academy of Sciences northwest plant cultivate lay down for a short time No. 6, lay down 107 for a short time, lay down 22 for a short time, the kinds such as 15 of laying down for a short time, these kinds have all been brought into play positive role on the Wheat Production of Shanglou, but it is, all little in Shanglou cultivated area owing to the adaptability reason.At present, No. 8, new Lip river and Qin wheat were promoted more than 30 year for No. 9, and the deterioration of variety phenomenon is very serious.
The 2nd, disease is serious, and resistance is poor.Shangluo Prefecture's geographical environment complexity, the microclimate type is many, is the prone areas of wheat diseases, and yellow rust, powdery mildew all have comparatively serious generation in many places, cause heavy losses to Wheat Production; And wheat growth rainfall in season distributed pole imbalance, in the early stage of wheat growth, rainfall is less, arid is coerced into wheat and is grown in earlier stage and sustain damage, the rainy weather of harvest season easily causes lodging and seed head sprouting again, has a strong impact on the raising of output and the improvement of quality.Therefore, local area requires relatively stricter to kind, and adventive is difficult to adapt to the climatic environment in Shanglou, and often improved seeds are difficult to show the characteristic of the distinctive high yield and high quality of its kind in Shanglou.
The 3rd, good traditional font is unsound, and variety hybriding degradation is serious.After liberation, the good traditional font of China's seed system several times changes, and the good traditional font of three grades of former Soviet Union system is still adopted in present most of areas.Because general planting is of poor benefits, the stock breeding expense is big, and is serious for kind of problem with grain, and technical force of seed operating unit is limited in addition, often because of reasons such as genetic drift cause deterioration of variety, makes the production capacity of kind be difficult to obtain performance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the mating system that a kind of mountain area dry farming kind merchant wheat 5226 is provided at the deficiencies in the prior art, adopts following mating system:
The mating system of a kind of mountain area dry farming kind merchant wheat 5226 selects merchant wheat 8928 to do female parent, plants 8788 and does paternal hybrid, and combination number is 97 (5), and the offspring takes pedigree method to handle; F1: individual plant program request 1 row.Selected; F2: 2000 of program requests, in segregation population, select plant height 85cm, 105 of the good individual plants of no awns, disease-resistant, full seed, the Huang that falls; F3: the high 85cm of roguing from 105 plants, no awns, full seed, yellow 38 good, the disease-resistant strains that fall are; F4: select 21 plant height 85cm from 38 strain systems, no awns, full seed, yellow good, the disease-resistant strain that falls are; F5: the high 85cm of roguing in 21 plants, no awns, full seed, it is yellow good to fall, disease-resistant and stable, 10 consistent major cliques divide system's results, be respectively 97 (5)-22-6-1 to 97 (5)-22-6-10, relatively small plot experiment is participated in the back, the selected strain approval test that rises up into of F5, wherein 97 (5)-22-6-1 and 97 (5)-22-6-2, two strains are selected, 97 (5)-22-6-1, two strains of 97 (5)-22-6-2 are proterties, characteristic is basic identical, weak winter habit plant height 85CM, white grain, quality better, disease-resistant, drought-enduring cold-resistant, it is yellow good to fall, wherein 97 (5)-22-6-1 participate in district's examination, and numerous kind, plant experimentally, obtain merchant wheat 5226 new varieties.
New seed selection kind merchant wheat 5226, have cold-resistant, drought-enduring, barren-resistant, disease-resistant, high yield, stable yields, quality better, characteristics such as disease-resistant, every index all is better than original kind, large tracts of land is promoted merchant wheat 5226, to improve " many, random, assorted " problems in the Wheat Production of south, Shan, optimize and improve the wheat planting structure, improve per unit area yield, promote increasing peasant income.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Breeding objective:
Seed selection suit Qu Chuan road, South Asia, Shan, non-irrigated plateau and mountain region, in high fertility water bar, plant height 80-85 centimetre, output 350-400 kilogram, adaptability is strong, disease resistance is strong, cold-resistant, drought-enduring, resistant to lodging, stable high yield, high-quality, weak winter habit new variety of wheat that the comprehensive agronomy proterties is good
Parental source and seed selection process:
Merchant wheat 8928 is the wheat breed of my institute's seed selection, this kind be weak spring habit, in full, the high yield of ripe, king-rod, disease-resistant drought resisting, the big grain of grain, fall when ripe yellow good.Its shortcoming is that the sterile phenomenon in top is arranged on a small quantity.Plant 8788 be my institute from Chinese Academy of Sciences's northwest material that plant research is introduced (having begun demonstration at present promotes), major advantage be plant type good, in short bar, mid-early maturity, yielding ability is good, disease-resistant but it is yellow relatively poor to fall.It is to carry out systematic breeding under the dry farming condition that its offspring's plantation and individual plant are selected always, and promptly the individual plant major clique is selected.
Merchant wheat 8928 was cooked female parent in 1997, planted 8788 and did paternal hybrid.Combination number is 97 (5).The offspring takes pedigree method to handle.
1997-1998 year, F1; Individual plant program request 1 row.Selected.
1998-1999 year, F2; Plant height 85cm is selected in 2000 of program requests in segregation population, 105 of the good individual plants of no awns, disease-resistant, full seed, the Huang that falls.
1999-2000 year, F3; The high 85cm of roguing from 105 plants, no awns, full seed, yellow 38 good, the disease-resistant strains that fall are.
2000-2001 year, F4; Select 21 plant height 85cm from 38 strain systems, no awns, full seed, yellow good, the disease-resistant strain that falls are.
2001-2002 year, F5; The high 85cm of roguing in 21 plants, no awns, full seed, yellow 10 good, disease-resistant and stable, the consistent major cliques that fall divide system's results, are respectively 97 (5)-22-6-1 to 97 (5)-22-6-10, and relatively small plot experiment is participated in the back.
2002-2003 year enters the strain comparative experiments, and experiment is located at sloping nonirrigated farmland, and totally 7 of the strains of participating in the experiment 15 are contrast to lay down for a short time, and all the other 6 product are 97 (5)-22-6-1～6.Check variety lays down 15 for a short time, 300 kilograms of average yield per mus, 412 kilograms of 5226-1 average yield per mus.15 volume increase 34% of laying down than for a short time, 386 kilograms of 5226-2 average yield per mus, comparison is according to 15 volume increase 28.6% of laying down for a short time.97 (5)-22-6-1 rank first of experiment, and disease-resistant drought-enduring cold-resistant, and king-rod does not have awns, and the comprehensive agronomy The Characters is better.Therefore 97 (5)-22-6-1 directly participate in district's examination.
Annotate: 97-(5)-22-6-1,97 representative hybridization times, (5) representative combination sequence number, 22-6-1 represent individual plant.97 (5)-22-6-1 are strain systems that seed selection has been carried out 5 years.
2004-2005 year; 97 (5)-22-6-1 are called for short 5226, and application is also participated in Shangluo City wheat breed regional test.
Continue in 2005-2006 year to participate in the Shangluo City regional test and carry out production test.
District over the years test result:
2004-2005 year Shangluo City regional test result: 4 experimental tests, 4 volume increase, 386.2 kilograms of average yield per mus, comparison belongs to first of 7 kinds according to 15 (332.3 kilograms/mu) volume increase 16.2% of laying down for a short time.
2005-2006 year Shangluo City regional test result: 4 experimental tests, 3 volume increase, 394 kilograms of average yield per mus, comparison occupies the 3rd according to 15 (385.4 kilograms/mu) volume increase 2.2% of laying down for a short time.
Experimental tests in 2 years 8,7 volume increase, 390.1 kilograms of average yield per mus, comparison is higher than contrast according to 7 the pilot per mu yields of 15 (358.9 kilograms/mu) volume increase 8.7%, two annual of laying down for a short time, and amount of increase in production (sees Table 1) between 2.2-23.2%
Table 1 merchant wheat regional test result in 5,226 two
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the mating system of a mountain area dry farming kind merchant wheat 5226 is characterized in that, selects merchant wheat 8928 to do female parent, plants 8788 and does paternal hybrid, and combination number is 97 (5), and the offspring takes pedigree method to handle; F1: individual plant program request 1 row is selected; F2: 2000 of program requests, in segregation population, select plant height 85cm, 105 of the good individual plants of no awns, disease-resistant, full seed, the Huang that falls; F3: the high 85cm of roguing from 105 plants, no awns, full seed, yellow 38 good, the disease-resistant strains that fall are; F4: select 21 plant height 85cm from 38 strain systems, no awns, full seed, yellow good, the disease-resistant strain that falls are; F5: the high 85cm of roguing in 21 plants, no awns, full seed, it is yellow good to fall, disease-resistant and stable, 10 consistent major cliques divide system's results, be respectively 97 (5)-22-6-1 to 97 (5)-22-6-10, relatively small plot experiment is participated in the back, the selected strain approval test that rises up into of F5, wherein 97 (5)-22-6-1 and 97 (5)-22-6-2, two strains are selected, 97 (5)-22-6-1, two strains of 97 (5)-22-6-2 are proterties, characteristic is basic identical, weak winter habit plant height 85CM, white grain, quality better, disease-resistant, drought-enduring cold-resistant, it is yellow good to fall, wherein 97 (5)-22-6-1 participate in district's examination, and numerous kind, plant experimentally.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103548671A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-05 | 西南科技大学 | Breeding method of bald white wheat |
| CN103843658A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-11 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Wheat breeding improvement pedigree selection method |
| CN113317194A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-31 | 盐城师范学院 | Breeding method of dwarf barley and large barley |
-
2011
- 2011-06-07 CN CN 201110150353 patent/CN102265784A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《干旱地区农业研究》 20081231 于浩世等 抗逆高产优质小麦品种商麦5226的选育 76-79 1 第26卷, 第3期 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103548671A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-05 | 西南科技大学 | Breeding method of bald white wheat |
| CN103843658A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-06-11 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Wheat breeding improvement pedigree selection method |
| CN103843658B (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2016-05-25 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | The system of selection of a kind of wheat breeding improvement pedigree |
| CN113317194A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-31 | 盐城师范学院 | Breeding method of dwarf barley and large barley |
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Application publication date: 20111207 |