CN103843658A - Wheat breeding improvement pedigree selection method - Google Patents
Wheat breeding improvement pedigree selection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103843658A CN103843658A CN201410063322.0A CN201410063322A CN103843658A CN 103843658 A CN103843658 A CN 103843658A CN 201410063322 A CN201410063322 A CN 201410063322A CN 103843658 A CN103843658 A CN 103843658A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wheat breeding improvement pedigree selection method which is mainly characterized by spike selection and bunch planting, wherein plant selection is changed into spike selection and singe-row bunch planting is changed into bunch planting. The method greatly enlarges population of all hybrid generations, extends the scale of evaluation nursery, and improves the breeding efficiency. Bunch planting increases the field sowing density of wheat, enhances the selection strength on stress tolerance and disease resistance, and improves the adaptability of wheat.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of wheat breeding, be specifically related to a kind of method that wheat breeding improvement pedigree is selected.
Background technology
Wheat breeding refers to that people are according to the wish of oneself, utilize gene recombination technology, by Gene Isolation, independent assortment or chain exchange, isolate merit or various merits are concentrated in together, there is object, in a planned way obtain the needed new variety of wheat of people.In breeding work, the selection of breeder to Wheat Hybrids, adopts traditional Pedigree selection method and hybrid selection traditionally.These methods adopt program request more, and floor space is large, and each generation population is restricted; Backlands district, Henan wheat fertility middle and later periods weather conditions are suitable, and powdery mildew occurs very light, cannot select mildew-resistance material; Early less for density of spot seeding, less to the selection pressure of Resistance of Wheat To Adversity (lodging etc.), disease resistance (powdery mildew, yellow rust etc.), cause selecting offspring's objective trait larger with the proterties difference that set objectives originally, affect Breeding Efficiency.Therefore, need the system of selection of a kind of wheat breeding improvement pedigree badly, to addressing the above problem, select colony thereby expand, increase selection pressure, improve Breeding Efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the system of selection of a kind of wheat breeding improvement pedigree.The method is to select fringe, cave district to plant as main feature: reelect strain for selecting fringe, change the plantation of single file program request Wei Xue district.The method has increased the each colony from generation to generation of hybrid greatly, has expanded the scale in qualification garden, has improved breeding efficiency.Bunch planting has increased thickness of sowing between wheat paddock, has strengthened selection intensity degeneration-resistant, disease resistance, has increased wheat adaptability.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
1F1, program request head progeny row.Seed shows Selection and Constitute according to field, and preliminary classification, receives head progeny row, and determine rank according to field rank and indoor species test.
2F2, the program request of precise spot-sowing machine.Individual plant is selected by combination in field.Each middle menu is selected good strains in the field for seed and is got 7 fringe threshings, species test.
3F3, the sowing of cave district.Every fringe kind one cave is a system, 0.40 × 0.40 meter of cave distance, and 25, every cave, every 5 caves become a line, furrow kind 5 row, in cave, seed does not scatter.In select fringe cave to select fringe, species test.
4F4, program request fringe.In F4 generation, is first selected head progeny row, therefrom selects fringe, threshing, species test after middle choosing.
5F5, program request fringe.F5 selects head progeny row and single fringe, after threshing species test head progeny row, rises up into qualification garden after species test, and corresponding head progeny row retains single fringe and rises up into F6.
6F6, program request fringe; The qualification of program request head progeny row community, same F5 is selected in head progeny row and single ear selection.
7F7, program request fringe; Program request head progeny row community product ratio; The breeding of light seeding head progeny row.The high person of cell production participates in preliminary experiment.
The feature of such scheme:
1, to select fringe, bunch planting etc. as main feature, F3 system number has been increased more than 4 times, expanded type from generation to generation, ensured the newtype frequency of occurrences.Select fringe identical with roguing reliability, but select fringe more convenient, can increase selected system number.
2, cave district thickness of sowing is large, the proterties that some should not be showed in the time of light seeding, and as resistance, disease resistance is showed, and has increased selection pressure, has alleviated seed selection pressure.
3, increased and in qualification garden, selected system number.
The effect of such scheme:
1, reelect strain for selecting fringe.So both reduced workload, can be added to exponentially again menu strain and system number, and expanded and select coverage rate.Increase selected number and also for strengthening, the selection pressure of seed has been created to condition, thereby improved selection effect.
2, reform planting patterns.This reform has greatly reduced the floor space of each system, with the comparison of 1.6 meter Chang Hang district, cave district take up an area only and the former 1/5.Therefore,, in original land area, implant system number can be multiplied.
3, expand qualification garden.Increase the system number of participating in the experiment, be conducive to select the strain that yield potentiality is higher.Yield traits is subject to controlled by multiple genes, and early generation is selected poor effect, usually runs into the similar but situation that yield potentiality is different of some system appearance in seed selection.So not as strictly selecting at segregative generation the qualitative character that other heritability is higher, multiselect stays system, until determine strain in qualification garden.
4, increase selection pressure, improved breeding efficiency.Fringe cave plantation is that 25 seeds are not scattered kind to one, and planting density is large, is conducive to various diseases (bar rust, powdery mildew etc.) and some resistance (resistant to lodging etc.) and shows, and has increased selection pressure, has alleviated seed selection pressure.
The present invention specifically provides the system of selection of a kind of wheat breeding improvement pedigree, to select fringe, cave district to plant as main feature, it is characterized in that:
F1, program request head progeny row; Seed shows Selection and Constitute according to field, and preliminary classification, receives head progeny row, and determine rank according to field rank and indoor species test;
F2, the program request of precise spot-sowing machine; Individual plant is selected by combination in field, the fringe threshing of selecting good strains in the field for seed of each middle menu, species test;
F3, the sowing of cave district; Every fringe kind one cave is a system, and in cave, seed does not scatter; In select fringe cave to select fringe, species test;
F4, program request fringe; In F4 generation, is first selected head progeny row, therefrom selects fringe, threshing, species test after middle choosing;
F5, program request fringe; F5 selects head progeny row and single fringe, after threshing species test head progeny row, rises up into qualification garden after species test, and corresponding head progeny row retains single fringe and rises up into F6;
F6, program request fringe; The qualification of program request head progeny row community, same F5 is selected in head progeny row and single ear selection;
F7, program request fringe; Program request head progeny row community product ratio; The breeding of light seeding head progeny row; The high person of cell production participates in preliminary experiment.
In said method, in F2, each middle menu is selected good strains in the field for seed and is got 7 fringe threshings.
In said method, in F3,0.40 × 0.40 meter of cave distance, 25, every cave, every 5 caves become a line, furrow kind 7 row.
In said method, F1: 1. every row's 100 row, row is respectively 0.6 meter, 0.5 meter, 06 meter, 0.5 meter with row central gangway width ... interval; 2. 0.6 meter of wide passageway is aisle, and mid-March, at the high sense of 0.5 meter Kuan Bei road medium sowing bar rust material, is inoculated bar rust Mixed Microbes and the high sense of bar rust material in Wei Bei road, 0.5 meter wide passageway; 3. treat to observe May material stripe rust resisting ability, susceptible material is directly eliminated.
F2: 1. every row's 180 row, row is respectively 0 meter, 1 meter, 0 meter, 1 meter with row central gangway width ... interval; 2. 1 meter of wide passageway is aisle, and mid-March, at the high sense of 0 meter Bei road medium sowing bar rust material, is inoculated bar rust Mixed Microbes and the high sense of bar rust material in Wei Bei road, 0 meter wide passageway; 3. treat late May observation material stripe rust resisting ability, susceptible material is directly eliminated.
F3: 1. every row's 84 row, row is respectively 0.6 meter with row central gangway width; 2. every the high sense of row's sowing bar rust material, inoculate bar rust Mixed Microbes and the high sense of bar rust material mid-March; 3. treat late May observation material stripe rust resisting ability, susceptible material is directly eliminated.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is improvement pedigree system of selection schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is fringe cave method field planting figure.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Close according to breeding objective and parent's assembly principle combo.
F1: 1. by combination program request, 1.5 meters of long two row of row.2. select head progeny row according to breeding objective, consider property in great numbers, plant height, disease resistance, resistance, in conjunction with falling, field F1 is divided into four grade: I, II, III, IV grade by Huang.I grade head progeny row all retains, and II grade retains 3/4, III grade reservation, 1/2, IV grade and eliminates.3. species test after threshing, presses seed size, plumpness, quality when species test, in conjunction with field rank, F1 seed is divided into 1,2,3 class combinations again.
F2: 1. by combination program request, according to general 12,24,36 row of planting of F1 generation species test result.18 meters of every row are long, and line-spacing is 25 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 15 centimetres.General 36 row of planting of 1 class combination, general 24 row of planting of 2 class combination, general 12 row of planting of 3 class combination.2. select individual plant according to breeding objective, consider property in great numbers, plant height, fringe type, the Huang that falls, disease resistance, resistance etc.3. the each individual plant of threshing stays 7 fringes, and when species test, according to seed size, plumpness, quality, general individual plant stays 5 tassels, 25 of every fringes.
F3: 1., by the plantation of combination cave district, every fringe kind one cave is a system, 0.40 meter × 0.40 meter of cave distance, 25, every cave, every 5 caves become a line, and 1.6 meters of row are long, square formation of furrow kind 5 behavior.In cave, seed does not scatter.2. first choose fringe cave according to breeding objective, fringe cave selects to consider property in great numbers, plant height, disease resistance, resistance, the Huang etc. that falls, more therefrom selects fringe.In cave, select fringe, generally select square fringe, 7-8 tassel generally selected in every cave.3. species test after threshing, when species test, according to seed size, plumpness, quality, every fringe stays 30.
F4: 1. program request, according to the every fringe kind of F3 species test result a line, long 1 meter of row, 30 of every row.2. first choose head progeny row according to breeding objective, fringe cave selects to consider property in great numbers, plant height, disease resistance, resistance, the Huang etc. that falls, more therefrom selects in head progeny row and select fringe, generally selects square fringe, and every row generally selects 7-8 tassel.3. species test after threshing, when species test, according to seed size, plumpness, quality, every fringe stays 35.
F5: 1. program request fringe, according to the every fringe kind of F4 species test result a line, long 1.5 meters of row, 35 of every row.2. select head progeny row and single fringe according to breeding objective, head progeny row selects to consider property in great numbers, plant height, disease resistance, resistance, the Huang etc. that falls, and fringe is generally selected square fringe, and every row generally selects 7-8 tassel.3. receive fringe, cut head progeny row, species test head progeny row after threshing, according to seed size, plumpness, quality, remains head progeny row and rises up into qualification garden participation field test when species test.4. the corresponding head progeny row species test list fringe that retains, general each head progeny row retains 5 single fringes.
F6: 1. program request fringe, according to the every fringe kind of F5 species test result a line, long 1.5 meters of row, 35 of every row; Plant planter program request head progeny row, each community 6 row, 8.3 meters of row are long, 25 centimetres of line-spacings, approximately 1.5 centimetres of spacing in the rows.2. field, community is selected mainly to show as foundation with output, plant type, ripe phase, resistance; Select corresponding F6 head progeny row, Dan Sui according to the performance of field, community.Same F5 is selected in head progeny row and single ear selection.3. zoom in district, fringe, head progeny row.In conjunction with cell production species test community seed, when species test, according to seed size, plumpness, quality, correspondence remains head progeny row upgrading and participates in comparation and assessment; Single fringe rises up into F7.
F7: 1. program request fringe, according to the every fringe kind of F6 species test result a line, long 1.5 meters of row, 35 of every row; Plant planter program request head progeny row, each community 6 row, 8.3 meters of row are long, 25 centimetres of line-spacings, approximately 1.5 centimetres of spacing in the rows; The head progeny row of having outstanding performance is bred in the light seeding of precise spot-sowing machine, and each head progeny row is generally broadcast 12 row, and 18 meters of row are long, 25 centimetres of line-spacings, the about 10-15 centimetre of spacing in the rows; 2. field, community is selected mainly to show as foundation with output, plant type, ripe phase, resistance; Select corresponding F7 head progeny row, Dan Sui according to the performance of field, community.Same F6 is selected in head progeny row and single ear selection.3. zoom in district, light seeding breeding, fringe, head progeny row.Cell production is high, and the seed that Pass Test requires is participated in preliminary experiment.
Traditional F 2 generation threshing mode is that species test is also carried out taking individual plant as unit taking individual plant as unit threshing.This method is taking single fringe as unit threshing, and 1 individual plant selects 7 fringes, has increased selection coverage rate, has strengthened the pressure to seed selection, has overcome the shortcoming of only paying attention to field selection and ignore indoor selection.
Traditional F 3 planting patternss are head progeny row plantation, and harvesting approach is for cutting head progeny row.This method is embodied as bunch planting plantation, receives single fringe.Bunch planting plantation has reduced the floor space of each system greatly, and plantation floor space in cave district, only for 1/5 of head progeny row plantation, has been saved floor space greatly; Cave district plantation is that 25 seeds are not let go kind on a point, and planting density is large especially, and lodging resistance, mildew-resistance, stripe rust resisting and some other proterties that should not show under light seeding condition that can identification systems, have strengthened degeneration-resistant selectivity; Plantation harvesting approach in cave district is menu fringe, selects fringe cave generally to select 7 tassels in each, has reduced workload, has strengthened the selection pressure to seed.
Traditional F 4 generation seed selection mode is for cutting head progeny row, species test head progeny row.This method seed selection mode is menu fringe, species test list fringe.Menu fringe, compared with selecting head progeny row, is exactly the most directly to select fringe convenient, increases selected system number.Select fringe to strengthen the pressure that seed is selected simultaneously, overcome the shortcoming of only paying attention to field selection and ignore indoor selection.
Traditional F 5, F6 seed selection mode are selected head progeny row, species test head progeny row.This method F5, F6 select head progeny row for seed selection mode, simultaneously menu fringe.The qualification of head progeny row kind community, single fringe plantation head progeny row.Menu fringe has ensured system purity.
Embodiment 2
Close according to breeding objective and parent's assembly principle combo.
F1: 1. every row's 100 row.Row is respectively 0.6 meter, 0.5 meter, 06 meter, 0.5 meter with row central gangway width ... interval.2. 0.6 meter of wide passageway is aisle, and mid-March, at the high sense of 0.5 meter Kuan Bei road medium sowing bar rust material, is inoculated bar rust Mixed Microbes and the high sense of bar rust material in Wei Bei road, 0.5 meter wide passageway.3. treat to observe May material stripe rust resisting ability, susceptible material is directly eliminated.
F2: 1. every row's 180 row.Row is respectively 0 meter, 1 meter, 0 meter, 1 meter with row central gangway width ... interval.2. 1 meter of wide passageway is aisle, and mid-March, at the high sense of 0 meter Bei road medium sowing bar rust bar rust material, is inoculated bar rust Mixed Microbes and the high sense of bar rust material in Wei Bei road, 0 meter wide passageway.3. treat late May observation material stripe rust resisting ability, susceptible material is directly eliminated.
F3: 1. every row's 84 row.Row is respectively 0.6 meter with row central gangway width.2. every the high sense of row's sowing bar rust material, inoculate the high sense of bar rust material mid-March.3. treat late May observation material stripe rust resisting ability, susceptible material is directly eliminated.
The other the same as in Example 1.
To the disease resistance of wheat lines, the qualification of resistance, some is to show by natural occurrence, and some shows by increasing planting density, and some shows its morbidity by people's work post inoculation bacterial classification.This method for bunch planting dense planting, mode such as inoculation bacterial classification etc., makes being showed of material disease resistance, resistance and proterties that some cannot show under light seeding condition by F3, has increased selection pressure, has alleviated seed selection pressure.
Although the present invention is described in detail above to have used general explanation and specific embodiment, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a wheat breeding improvement pedigree system of selection, to select fringe, cave district to plant as main feature, is characterized in that:
F1, program request head progeny row; Seed shows Selection and Constitute according to field, and preliminary classification, receives head progeny row, and determine rank according to field rank and indoor species test;
F2, the program request of precise spot-sowing machine; Individual plant is selected by combination in field, the fringe threshing of selecting good strains in the field for seed of each middle menu, species test;
F3, the sowing of cave district; Every fringe kind one cave is a system, and in cave, seed does not scatter; In select fringe cave to select fringe, species test;
F4, program request fringe; In F4 generation, is first selected head progeny row, therefrom selects fringe, threshing, species test after middle choosing;
F5, program request fringe; F5 selects head progeny row and single fringe, after threshing species test head progeny row, rises up into qualification garden after species test, and corresponding head progeny row retains single fringe and rises up into F6;
F6, program request fringe; The qualification of program request head progeny row community, same F5 is selected in head progeny row and single ear selection;
F7, program request fringe; Program request head progeny row community product ratio; The breeding of light seeding head progeny row; The high person of cell production participates in preliminary experiment.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in F2, each middle menu is selected good strains in the field for seed and got 7 fringe threshings.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in F3, and 0.40 × 0.40 meter of cave distance, 25, every cave, every 5 caves become a line, furrow kind 5 row.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
F1: 1. every row's 100 row, row is respectively 0.6 meter, 0.5 meter, 06 meter, 0.5 meter with row central gangway width ... interval; 2. 0.6 meter of wide passageway is aisle, and mid-March is inoculated at the high sense of 0.5 meter Kuan Bei road medium sowing bar rust material that bar rust Mixed Microbes and bar rust are high feels material in Wei Bei road, 0.5 meter wide passageway; 3. treat to observe May material stripe rust resisting ability, susceptible material is directly eliminated.
5. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
F2: 1. every row's 180 row, row is respectively 0 meter, 1 meter, 0 meter, 1 meter with row central gangway width ... interval; 2. 1 meter of wide passageway is aisle, and mid-March, at the high sense of 0 meter Bei road medium sowing bar rust material, is inoculated bar rust Mixed Microbes and the high sense of bar rust material in Wei Bei road, 0 meter wide passageway; 3. treat late May observation material stripe rust resisting ability, susceptible material is directly eliminated.
6. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
F3: 1. every row's 84 row, row is respectively 0.6 meter with row central gangway width; 2. every the high sense of row's sowing bar rust material, inoculate bar rust Mixed Microbes and the high sense of bar rust material mid-March; 3. treat late May observation material stripe rust resisting ability, susceptible material is directly eliminated.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105684890A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-22 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Improved crop breeding individual plant selection method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102265784A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2011-12-07 | 商洛学院 | Method for breeding dry farming breed commercial wheat 5226 in mountainous area |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102265784A (en) * | 2011-06-07 | 2011-12-07 | 商洛学院 | Method for breeding dry farming breed commercial wheat 5226 in mountainous area |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 赵虹等: "播种方式对不同类型小麦品种产量性状的影响", 《华北农学报》, vol. 15, no. 2, 31 December 2000 (2000-12-31), pages 100 - 105 * |
| 鲍思敬等: ""改良系谱法"在小麦育种上的应用", 《麦类作物学报》, no. 4, 20 July 1994 (1994-07-20), pages 34 - 36 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105684890A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-22 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Improved crop breeding individual plant selection method |
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