CN102835301A - Breeding, seed-producing and cultivating method for sorghum coeno-species Jiza 130 - Google Patents
Breeding, seed-producing and cultivating method for sorghum coeno-species Jiza 130 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102835301A CN102835301A CN2012100221880A CN201210022188A CN102835301A CN 102835301 A CN102835301 A CN 102835301A CN 2012100221880 A CN2012100221880 A CN 2012100221880A CN 201210022188 A CN201210022188 A CN 201210022188A CN 102835301 A CN102835301 A CN 102835301A
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Abstract
The invention provides a breeding, seed-producing and cultivating method for sorghum coeno-species Jiza 130. According to the breeding of the sorghum variety, the optional sterile line Ji2055A is taken as a female parent, the extrinsic restoring line 0-30 is taken as a male parent, and the yield, gallotannic acid and qualitative character selection is respectively carried out on the generational planting of the obtained coeno-species, so that the good new variety for eating and brewing, which is high in yield, high in resistance, wide in adaptability, good in quality, and good in mouthfeel, can be obtained. The sorghum is cultivated and grown by virtue of the preparation and application of a soil conditioner, the preparation and application of a base fertilizer, the preparation and application of a leaf fertilizer, and the after-ripening treatment of the sorghum clusters. Compared with reference materials, the sorghum obtained by the sorghum variety breeding and cultivating method provided by the invention is lower in gallotannic acid content, and higher in protein, starch and microelement content. The processed sorghum rice has the characteristics of being free from bitter and astringent, full-bodied in rice fragrance, and free from gastrointestinal discomfort reaction after being eaten.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop hybrid superiority and utilize technical field, relate in particular to a kind of seed selection, the production of hybrid seeds and cultivation method of sorghum hybrid.
Background technology
Sorghum grass tree section sorghum, annual vegetation.The property happiness warm, drought resisting, waterlogging, by proterties and purposes can be divided into grain sorghum, sugar use Chinese sorghum, class such as broom sorghum.China cultivation is wider, serve as at most with the various places, northeast, and grain is edible, make wine (liquor made from sorghum) or make happy sugar.Chinese sorghum is the northern people's a staple food in the past always, the Along with people's growth in the living standard, and it is main that the purposes of Chinese sorghum changes into wine brewing gradually.Yet in recent years because the change of people's diet structure; Sorghum rice is got back on people's the dining table as a kind of distinctive coarse food grain again, and sorghum rice just has the good reputation of " essences of five cereals ", " length of hundred paddy " from ancient times, not only is of high nutritive value; Make various food; And can be used as medicine, various disease conditions such as treatment indigestion, Chinese sorghum food is especially to the diabetic advantageous particularly.Chinese sorghum is drought-enduring, waterlogging, impoverishment tolerant can be planted on the soil away from industrial pollution, thereby produces organic sorghum rice.
China Chinese sorghum was and long-pending relatively stable in recent years, and it is more frequent that the mountain takes place in drought, floods, and especially northern shortage of water resources is outstanding day by day, ploughed and reduced, and population increases, and people also will more and more pay attention to stablizing grain-production.Therefore, Chinese sorghum has the value of its existence as drought resisting, waterlogging-resistant stable yields crop, and the Chinese sorghum plantation possibly shifted to the arid area continuing.To reduce kind of grain and the adjustment of long-pending further enforcement agricultural structure, key is to give prominence to " excellent " word.So the Chinese sorghum breeding objective is stressed high-quality, high yield and how anti-.Natural conditions are relatively poor relatively, working condition is general, and drought, floods take place frequently and alkali is prone to the waterlogging district, should suitably enlarge the Chinese sorghum plantation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to provide a kind of sorghum hybrid lucky assorted 130 seed selection, the production of hybrid seeds and new method for cultivating.
The object of the invention can be realized through following technical proposal:
Lucky 2055A is a female parent with free male sterile line, and drawing recovery in addition is that 0-30 is a male parent, and maternal lucky 2055A is to be maternal with 314B, is male parent with 871300B, and precocious strain of short stem is selected in artificial hybridization in the offspring, form with the transformation of nucleus substitution method; Male parent 0-30 introduces, and through plantation for many years, has adapted to local working condition, from the offspring, selects elite plant strain simultaneously and gets.This recovery system all recovers A1 and A2 type kytoplasm, and coordinate force is high.
The concrete grammar of nucleus substitution method is: being maternal with 314B, is male parent with 871300B, in generation thereafter, selects the high prior bagging of individual plant of sterile plant rate; Backcross with male parent respectively, form with handing over strain system, therefrom select the high strain system of sterile plant rate again after under the seed kind of backcrossing; In middle roguing system, select sterile degree high with phenotype seemingly father's individual plant carry out bagging; And continue to backcross with former male parent, pass through 4-5 generation, the phenotype of main proterties has also resembled male parent; So just become a new male sterile line, the male parent of continuous backcross just becomes the maintenance line of this male sterile line accordingly.
This crossbreed phenology proterties: emerge to ripe about 121 days, need >=10 ℃ active accumulated temperature 2450-2550 ℃, ripe crossbreed in the genus; Tree characteristics: seedling and bud scale are green, well developed root system, and about plant height 178cm, 19 leaves, the stem stalk is more sturdy; Fringe portion proterties: spike length 25.9cm, in tight fringe, spindle, the heavy 87.0g of fringe grain shell rate 5.3%; Grain characters: seed is oval, the orange red grain of red shell, thousand kernel weight 30.6g; Quality trait: crude protein content 10.06%, thick starch 76.14%, tannin 0.15%, lysine 0.28%, the high % of vitreousness; The resistance performance: this crossbreed wide adaptability, resistant to lodging, anti-aphid, leaf mould resistant.Identified the 2 annual incidences of disease 0.85% with No. 3 biological strains inoculations of head smut bacterium in continuous 2 years through national Chinese sorghum improvement center.
During sterile line propagation, the sowing same period, A and B ratio 4 ﹕ 1; During thinning, A between elder generation, B between the back; The A 15 Zhu/㎡ that keep a full stand of seedings, the B 20 Zhu/㎡ that keep a full stand of seedings early receive in good time.
During the production of hybrid seeds, father and mother's one's own profession ratio is 1 : 6-8, and parents' interval sowing is broadcast male parent earlier, treats to broadcast when male parent is emerged two leaves female parent.It is 12 strains/m2 that male parent is kept a full stand of seedings, the female parent 18-20 Zhu/㎡ that keeps a full stand of seedings; Before seedling stage, shooting stage, initial bloom stage and results, in time remove Type B strain and other assorted strain, early receive in good time, anti-grain mildew.
This crossbreed all can be planted at the soil of general fertility, and precocious district seedtime is that the first tenday period of a month in May are to mid-May.Execute about farmyard manure 3000kg for every mu and make base fertilizer; Two ammoniums or composite fertilizer's 20kg/ mu are made seed manure; 15-25kg/ mu urea topdresses, and imposes at the jointing initial stage.Sowing depth 2.5-3.0cm, planting density 11-12 ten thousand strain/hectares are broadcast the back and are noted suppression, soil moisture conservation, gather in the crops in cured ripe latter stage.
The lucky 2055A of the parental combination male sterile line that the present invention adopts; Drawing recovery in addition is 0-30 and 314B; 871300B is all open at non-patent literature, belongs to common commercially available strain, and unit of the present invention is for guaranteeing that the public can normally obtain implementing; Provide free granting to prove, belonged to the situation that does not need preservation to the public.Cross method of the present invention cultivation step does not have openly in prior art, adopts method of the present invention can repeat to implement, and screening obtains the purpose kind.
Embodiment
Lucky 2055A is a female parent with free male sterile line, and drawing recovery in addition is that 0-30 is a male parent, and maternal lucky 2055A is to be maternal with 314B, is male parent with 871300B, and precocious strain of short stem is selected in artificial hybridization in the offspring, form with the transformation of nucleus substitution method; Male parent 0-30 introduces, and through plantation for many years, has adapted to local working condition, from the offspring, selects elite plant strain simultaneously and gets.This recovery system all recovers A1 and A2 type kytoplasm, and coordinate force is high.
This crossbreed can be western in Songyuan City, Baicheng, Changchun, the area, Siping City in Jilin Province, Heilongjiang Province's I accumulated temperature band, the plantation of ground such as the east in the Inner Mongol and the Hetao area.During sterile line propagation, the sowing same period, A and B ratio 4 ﹕ 1; During thinning, A between elder generation, B between the back; The A 15 Zhu/㎡ that keep a full stand of seedings, the B 20 Zhu/㎡ that keep a full stand of seedings early receive in good time.
During the production of hybrid seeds, father and mother's one's own profession ratio is 1 : 6-8, and parents' interval sowing is broadcast male parent earlier, treats to broadcast when male parent is emerged two leaves female parent.It is 12 strains/m2 that male parent is kept a full stand of seedings, the female parent 18-20 Zhu/㎡ that keeps a full stand of seedings; Before seedling stage, shooting stage, initial bloom stage and results, in time remove Type B strain and other assorted strain, early receive in good time, anti-grain mildew.
During this crossbreed plantation, precocious district seedtime is that the first tenday period of a month in May are to mid-May.Execute about farmyard manure 300kg for every mu and make base fertilizer; Two ammoniums or composite fertilizer's 20kg/ mu are made seed manure; 15-25kg/ mu urea topdresses, and imposes at the jointing initial stage.Sowing depth 2.5-3.0cm, planting density 11-12 ten thousand strain/hectares are broadcast the back and are noted suppression, soil moisture conservation, gather in the crops in cured ripe latter stage, and this crossbreed is compared with contrast, and output increases significantly:
1, output comparative test in the institute
2008 annual production comparative tests, hectare output 10256 ㎏, comparison is according to Ao's assorted No. 1 (8234.6 ㎏/hectare) raising the output 24.55%, than four assorted 25 (9425.3 ㎏/hectares) raising the output 8.81%.
2, precocious group district's examination (seeing table 1)
661.9 kilograms of national average yield per mus in 2010 occupy the 1st, and comparison is according to assorted No. 1 raising the output 19.6% of an Ao, and comparison is according to two or four assorted 25 raising the output 8.0%; With contrast one ratio, 7 points all increase production, with contrast two ratios, and 6 some raising the output, the underproduction of 1 point.
614.8 kilograms of national average yield per mus in 2009 occupy the 1st, and comparison is according to assorted No. 1 raising the output 21.1% of an Ao, and comparison is according to two or four assorted 25 raising the output 10.8%; With contrast one ratio, 6 points all increase production, and with contrast two ratios, 6 points all increase production.
638.4 kilograms of Liang Nian district examination average yield per mus occupy the 1st, and comparison is according to assorted No. 1 raising the output 20.3% of an Ao, and comparison is according to two or four assorted No. 25 raising the output 9.4%.
3, precocious group production test (seeing attached list 1)
Participated in national Chinese sorghum spring sowing precocity group production test in 2010,585.6 kilograms of national average yield per mus occupy the 2nd, and comparison is mixed according to an Ao and increased production 19.4% No. 1, and comparison increases production 4.5% according to 24 assorted 25; With contrast one ratio, 6 points all increase production, with contrast two ratios, and 4 some raising the output, the underproduction of 2 points.
Claims (8)
1. seed selection, the production of hybrid seeds and the cultivation method of a sorghum hybrid Ji assorted 130 comprise the seed selection parent, and preparation assorted excellent combination, the production of hybrid seeds and cultivation is characterized in that: lucky 2055A is a female parent with free male sterile line, and drawing recovery in addition is that 0-30 is a male parent, the preparing hybrid kind.
2. a kind of sorghum hybrid as claimed in claim 1 lucky assorted 130 seed selection, the production of hybrid seeds and cultivation method is characterized in that: maternal lucky 2055A is to be maternal with 314B, is male parent with 871300B; Precocious strain of short stem is selected in artificial hybridization in the offspring, form with the transformation of nucleus substitution method; Recovery is 0-30, through plantation for many years, has adapted to local working condition; From the offspring, select elite plant strain simultaneously and must A1 and A2 type kytoplasm all be recovered, and the coordinate force height.
3. a kind of sorghum hybrid as claimed in claim 1 lucky assorted 130 seed selection, the production of hybrid seeds and cultivation method, it is characterized in that: the concrete grammar of nucleus substitution method is: being maternal with 314B, is male parent with 871300B; In generation thereafter, select the high prior bagging of individual plant of sterile plant rate; Backcross with male parent respectively, form with handing over strain system, therefrom select the high strain system of sterile plant rate again after under the seed kind of backcrossing; In middle roguing system, select sterile degree high with phenotype seemingly father's individual plant carry out bagging; And continue to backcross with former male parent, pass through 4-5 generation, the phenotype of main proterties has also resembled male parent; So just become a new male sterile line, the male parent of continuous backcross just becomes the maintenance line of this male sterile line accordingly.
4. a kind of sorghum hybrid as claimed in claim 1 lucky assorted 130 seed selection, the production of hybrid seeds and cultivation method is characterized in that: during sterile line propagation, and the sowing same period, A and B ratio 4 ﹕ 1; During thinning, A between elder generation, B between the back; The A 15 Zhu/㎡ that keep a full stand of seedings, the B 20 Zhu/㎡ that keep a full stand of seedings early receive in good time.
5. a kind of sorghum hybrid as claimed in claim 1 lucky assorted 130 seed selection, the production of hybrid seeds and cultivation method, it is characterized in that: during the production of hybrid seeds, father and mother's one's own profession ratio is 1 ﹕ 6-8; Parents' interval sowing; Broadcast male parent earlier, treat to broadcast when male parent is emerged two leaves female parent, it is 12 strains/m that male parent is kept a full stand of seedings
2, the female parent 18-20 Zhu/㎡ that keeps a full stand of seedings; Before seedling stage, shooting stage, initial bloom stage and results, in time remove Type B strain and other assorted strain, early receive in good time, anti-grain mildew.
6. a kind of sorghum hybrid as claimed in claim 1 lucky assorted 130 seed selection, the production of hybrid seeds and cultivation method; It is characterized in that: this crossbreed all can be planted at the soil of general fertility; Precocious district seedtime be the first tenday period of a month in May to mid-May, execute farmyard manure 300-400kg for every mu and make base fertilizer; Two ammoniums or composite fertilizer's 20-30kg/ mu are made seed manure; 15-25kg/ mu urea topdresses, imposes at the jointing initial stage, and sowing depth 2.5-3.0cm, planting density 11-12 ten thousand strain/hectares are broadcast the back and are noted suppression, soil moisture conservation, gather in the crops in cured ripe latter stage.
7. the sorghum hybrid that makes according to the described method of claim 1 is characterized in that: emerge to ripe about 121 days, need >=10 ℃ active accumulated temperature 2450-2550 ℃, seedling and bud scale are green, well developed root system, and about plant height 178cm, 19 leaves, the stem stalk is more sturdy; Spike length 25.9cm, in tight fringe, spindle, the heavy 87.0g of fringe grain shell rate 5.3%; Seed is oval, the orange red grain of red shell, thousand kernel weight 30.6g; Crude protein content 10.06%, thick starch 76.14%, tannin 0.15%, lysine 0.28%.
8. the sorghum hybrid that makes according to the described method of claim 1 is characterized in that: this crossbreed wide adaptability, and resistant to lodging, anti-aphid, leaf mould resistant, 585.6 ~ 661.9 kilograms of average yield per mus.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN103907530A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-09 | 河北省农林科学院谷子研究所 | Method for breeding aphid-resistant sorghum |
| CN104106353A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-22 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Male and female parent planting method for increasing yield of hybrid soybean seeds |
| CN104782473A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-07-22 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Method for breeding sorghum sterile line ji 1230A by backcross introgression method |
| CN107046993A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-08-18 | 湖南中际农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of sorghum |
| CN107372100A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-11-24 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | A kind of method of Sorghum Hybrid breeding |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104106353A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-22 | 吉林省农业科学院 | Male and female parent planting method for increasing yield of hybrid soybean seeds |
| CN104106353B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2016-05-18 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of Parent implantation methods that improves hybrid soybean hybrid seed yield |
| CN103907530A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-07-09 | 河北省农林科学院谷子研究所 | Method for breeding aphid-resistant sorghum |
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| CN104782473B (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2017-05-31 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of method of utilization Backcross introgression method seed selection Chinese sorghum sterile line Ji 1230A |
| CN107046993A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-08-18 | 湖南中际农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of sorghum |
| CN107372100A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-11-24 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | A kind of method of Sorghum Hybrid breeding |
| CN107372100B (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-08-27 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | A kind of method of Sorghum Hybrid breeding |
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Application publication date: 20121226 |