CN103539533B - Preparation method of organic fertilizer for reducing empty rate of Chinese chestnuts - Google Patents
Preparation method of organic fertilizer for reducing empty rate of Chinese chestnuts Download PDFInfo
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- CN103539533B CN103539533B CN201310466245.9A CN201310466245A CN103539533B CN 103539533 B CN103539533 B CN 103539533B CN 201310466245 A CN201310466245 A CN 201310466245A CN 103539533 B CN103539533 B CN 103539533B
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- 235000006667 Aleurites moluccana Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 235000018244 Castanea mollissima Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 240000004957 Castanea mollissima Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- YGBGWFLNLDFCQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron zinc Chemical compound [B].[Zn] YGBGWFLNLDFCQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 abstract 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a series organic fertilizer for reducing the empty rate of Chinese chestnuts. Poultry excrement and wormcast are used as main materials, and a certain quantity of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and boron nutrients are coordinated with the main material to prepare the special fertilizer for Chinese chestnuts. The fertilizer is capable of obviously reducing the empty rate of Chinese chestnuts and the spider mite infection rate of chestnut trees and promoting the root development of chestnut trees. According to the nutrient demands of Chinese chestnuts in different growth periods, the catering type series special fertilizer for Chinese chestnuts is formed, the problem of unscientific fertilization of Chinese chestnuts is solved, and the problems that unscientifically treated poultry excrement is capable of polluting the environment and nutrient sources are wasted are synchronously solved. Compared with conventional fertilization, the application of the series special organic fertilizer for Chinese chestnuts enables the empty rate of Chinese chestnuts to be reduced by more than 60% and the yield of Chinese chestnuts to be increased by more than 30%, and can achieve the remarkable synergism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic fertilizer improving the dry fruit such as Chinese chestnut, walnut yield and quality, particularly a kind of preparation method reducing the organic fertilizer of Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate.
Background technology
The land occupation condition that high-quality Chinese chestnut produces is Hills And Low Mountains, Chinese chestnut is best in quality in Jingdone district, this regional soil matrix mostly is the comparatively loose parent rock such as leaf gneiss, grouan, soil mostly is gravel matter leaching dynamics, soil physical and chemical property is loosing soil but gravel concentration is high, permeability is good but soil fertility is low, and especially the soil organism is low, causes that soil supplying nutrient capability is low, water-retention fertilizer is poor.For a long time traditional Chinese chestnut produce in the extensive management of clay fertilizer water, along with introducing a fine variety and planting culture technology popularization application of new variety in recent years, highlight the subject matter that Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut becomes restriction Chinese chestnut output at present, therefore the technical problem that applies fertilizers scientifically of High Yield for Chinese Chestnut high-quality urgently to be resolved hurrily, production more needs the Chinese chestnut technology of applying fertilizers scientifically is turned materially serial pantry formula Chinese chestnut special fertilizer.For this reason, find a kind of Chinese chestnut organic fertilizer special that there is reduction Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate, meet High Yield for Chinese Chestnut high-quality nutrient demand,, water-retention fertilizer low with the soil fertility progressively improving Chestnut Orchard, reduce or avoid the problems such as Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut, this has significant economic implications to Chinese chestnut good quality and high output.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method reducing the organic fertilizer of Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this.Utilize the materials such as cow dung, wormcast, brown coal (humic acid), coordinate a certain amount of big or middle, micronutrient element, prepare a kind of Chinese chestnut organic fertilizer special with the significantly empty fluffy rate of reduction Chinese chestnut tree, red spider susceptible gene, raising Chestnut Orchard soil fertility and water-retention fertilizer.
Concrete, the preparation method of the organic fertilizer of reduction Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) cattle manure
The fresh cow dung cleared out in cattle farm is dried in the air water content 65% ~ 75%, according to 0.1% ~ 0.7% inoculation enzymatic microorganism of mixture fresh weight, one deck cow dung one deck bacterium powder, builds heap fermentation, starts to turn over buttress when there is mycelia in stacking after mixing, control heap body core temperature and be no more than 65 DEG C, general summer, 2 ~ 3d turned over once, spring and autumn 4 ~ 10d once, the time of compost fermentation is fixed with temperature, control at 10 ~ 45d, north of china in winter need cover the insulation of the thing such as black plastic or corn stalk.The decomposed cow dung organic content obtained is generally at 30% ~ 37.5%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2the total amount of O is 3% ~ 4%;
(2) wormcast is prepared
With decomposed cow dung feed earthworm produce wormcast, bank up ground point selection tree in the ranks or ground, cool place (avoiding direct sunlight), decomposed cow dung heap slivering buttress, advise high × upper wide: the bar buttress (just to carry earthworm and to feed in raw material) of lower wide (cm)=60 ~ 100 × 80 ~ 100:100 ~ 150 cm, 0.1 ~ 0.5kg earthworm (Eisenia foetida) is inoculated by the long 100cm of buttress, in buttress, temperature controls 20 ~ 25 DEG C (temperature ranges 5 ~ 30 DEG C), treat that cow dung becomes small-particle state, when color becomes brownish black by brown, cow dung changes into wormcast substantially, earthworm is separated with wormcast.General cow dung earthworm of feeding is converted into the time 30 ~ 45d of wormcast, and the north needs covered plastic cloth or maize straw insulation after mid-November, in buttress, temperature is lower than earthworm hibernation when 5 DEG C, and Second Year temperature in spring comes into play after ging up.The wormcast organic content 30% ~ 37.5%, N, P obtained
2o
5, K
2the total amount of O is 3% ~ 4%;
(3) mix
By step (1) gained decomposed cow dung, step (2) gained wormcast moisture is cool to 25% ~ 35% respectively, by decomposed cow dung, wormcast, brown coal are by following mass ratio mixing, cow dung: wormcast: brown coal=(0.8 ~ 1.2): (0.8 ~ 1.2): (0.3 ~ 0.6), obtain mixing organic materials, then organic materials and N P and K zinc boron mixed fertilizer will be mixed in mass ratio (8 ~ 9.5): (0.5 ~ 1.5) mixes, wherein, urea is added in finished product organic fertilizer per ton, diammonium phosphate, each 10 ~ 20 kg of potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate 5 ~ 10 kg, borax 2 ~ 6 kg, thus be reduced the organic fertilizer of Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate.
Gained finished product organic fertilizer reaches the organic fertilizer quality standard of NY_525-2012, organic content>=45% in organic fertilizer, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total amount>=5.0%, pH about 7.5, moisture content≤30%.
The beneficial effect that the present invention obtains is as follows: the present invention, according to Chinese chestnut uptake characters, Chestnut Orchard soil supplying nutrient capability and the quantitative effect of N P and K zinc boron on Chinese chestnut, prepares series " pantry formula " Chinese chestnut organic fertilizer special.Both solved during current Chinese chestnut produces the problem that do not apply fertilizers scientifically, solve feces of livestock and poultry not scientific disposal, contaminate environment also wastes the problems such as nutrients resource simultaneously.Compare with habits fertilization, use serial Chinese chestnut organic fertilizer special of the present invention, Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate reduces by more than 60%, and Chinese chestnut output increases by more than 30%, and cost-saving synergistic is remarkable.
Embodiment
Following examples are for illustration of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 one kinds reduces the preparation of the organic fertilizer of Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate, comprises the following steps:
(1) cattle manure
The fresh cow dung cleared out in cattle farm is dried in the air water content 65% ~ 75%, according to 0.3% inoculation enzymatic microorganism of mixture fresh weight, one deck cow dung one deck bacterium powder, heap fermentation is built after mixing, start to turn over buttress when there is mycelia in stacking, control heap body core temperature and be no more than 65 DEG C, summer, 2 ~ 3d turned over once, and fermentation time is at about 10d.The decomposed cow dung organic content obtained is generally at 30% ~ 37.5%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2the total amount of O is 3% ~ 4%;
(2) wormcast is prepared
With decomposed cow dung feed earthworm produce wormcast, bank up ground point selection tree in the ranks or ground, cool place (avoiding direct sunlight), decomposed cow dung heap slivering buttress, advise high × upper wide: the bar buttress (just to carry earthworm and to feed in raw material) of lower wide (cm)=60 ~ 100 × 80 ~ 100:100 ~ 150 cm, 0.3kg earthworm (Eisenia foetida) is inoculated by the long 100cm of buttress, in buttress, temperature controls at about 25 DEG C, treat that cow dung becomes small-particle state, when color becomes brownish black by brown, cow dung changes into wormcast substantially, is separated by earthworm with wormcast.Cow dung earthworm of feeding is converted into time about the 30d of wormcast.The wormcast organic content 30% ~ 37.5%, N, P obtained
2o
5, K
2the total amount of O is 3 ~ 4%;
(3) mix
By step (1) gained decomposed cow dung, step (2) gained wormcast moisture is cool to 25% ~ 35%, by decomposed cow dung, wormcast, brown coal are by following mass ratio mixing, cow dung: wormcast: brown coal=(0.8 ~ 1.2): (0.8 ~ 1.2): (0.3 ~ 0.6), obtain mixing organic materials, then organic materials and N P and K zinc boron mixed fertilizer will be mixed in mass ratio (8 ~ 9.5): (0.5 ~ 1.5) mixes, wherein, urea is added in finished product fertilizers per ton, diammonium phosphate, each 10 ~ 20 kg of potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate 5 ~ 10 kg, borax 2 ~ 6 kg, thus be reduced the finished product organic fertilizer of Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate.
Gained finished product organic fertilizer reaches the organic fertilizer quality standard of NY_525-2012, organic content>=45% in organic fertilizer, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total amount>=5.0%, pH about 7.5, moisture content≤30%.
Embodiment 2 one kinds reduces the preparation of the organic fertilizer (base manure) of Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate, comprises the following steps:
(1) cattle manure
The fresh cow dung cleared out in cattle farm is dried in the air water content 65% ~ 75%, according to 0.1% ~ 0.7% inoculation enzymatic microorganism of mixture fresh weight, one deck cow dung one deck bacterium powder, builds heap fermentation, starts to turn over buttress when there is mycelia in stacking after mixing, control heap body core temperature and be no more than 65 DEG C, general summer, 2 ~ 3d turned over once, spring and autumn 4 ~ 10d once, the time of compost fermentation is fixed with temperature, control at 10 ~ 45d, north of china in winter need cover the insulation of the thing such as black plastic or corn stalk.The decomposed cow dung organic content obtained is generally at 30% ~ 37.5%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2the total amount of O is 3% ~ 4%;
(2) wormcast is prepared
With decomposed cow dung feed earthworm produce wormcast, bank up ground point selection tree in the ranks or ground, cool place (avoiding direct sunlight), decomposed cow dung heap slivering buttress, advise high × upper wide: the bar buttress (just to carry earthworm and to feed in raw material) of lower wide (cm)=60 ~ 100 × 80 ~ 100:100 ~ 150 cm, 0.1 ~ 0.5kg earthworm (Eisenia foetida) is inoculated by the long 100cm of buttress, in buttress, temperature controls 20 ~ 25 DEG C (temperature ranges 5 ~ 30 DEG C), treat that cow dung becomes small-particle state, when color becomes brownish black by brown, cow dung changes into wormcast substantially, earthworm is separated with wormcast.General cow dung earthworm of feeding is converted into the time 30 ~ 45d of wormcast, and the north needs covered plastic cloth or maize straw insulation after mid-November, in buttress, temperature is lower than earthworm hibernation when 5 DEG C, and Second Year temperature in spring comes into play after ging up.The wormcast organic content 30% ~ 37.5%, N, P obtained
2o
5, K
2the total amount of O is 3% ~ 4%;
(3) mix
Step (1) gained decomposed cow dung, step (2) gained wormcast moisture is cool to 25% ~ 35%, by decomposed cow dung, wormcast, brown coal by following mass ratio mixing, cow dung: wormcast: brown coal=1:1:0.5, obtain mixing organic materials, then will mix organic materials and N P and K zinc boron mixed fertilizer in mass ratio 9.5:0.5 mix, wherein, urea 10kg, diammonium phosphate 15kg, each 14kg of potassium sulfate is added in finished product fertilizers per ton, zinc sulfate 6 kg, borax 5kg, thus be reduced the organic fertilizer of Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate.
Gained finished product organic fertilizer reaches the organic fertilizer quality standard of NY_525-2012, organic content>=45% of organic fertilizer, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total amount>=5.0%, pH about 7.5, moisture content≤30%.
Embodiment 3 one kinds reduces the preparation of the organic fertilizer (base manure) of Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate, comprises the following steps:
(1) cattle manure
The fresh cow dung cleared out in cattle farm is dried in the air water content 65% ~ 75%, according to 0.1% ~ 0.7% inoculation enzymatic microorganism of mixture fresh weight, one deck cow dung one deck bacterium powder, builds heap fermentation, starts to turn over buttress when there is mycelia in stacking after mixing, control heap body core temperature and be no more than 65 DEG C, general summer, 2 ~ 3d turned over once, spring and autumn 4 ~ 10d once, the time of compost fermentation is fixed with temperature, control at 10 ~ 45d, north of china in winter need cover the insulation of the thing such as black plastic or corn stalk.The decomposed cow dung organic content obtained is generally at 30% ~ 37.5%, N+P
2o
5+ K
2the total amount of O is 3% ~ 4%;
(2) wormcast is prepared
With decomposed cow dung feed earthworm produce wormcast, bank up ground point selection tree in the ranks or ground, cool place (avoiding direct sunlight), decomposed cow dung heap slivering buttress, advise high × upper wide: the bar buttress (just to carry earthworm and to feed in raw material) of lower wide (cm)=60 ~ 100 × 80 ~ 100:100 ~ 150 cm, 0.1 ~ 0.5kg earthworm (Eisenia foetida) is inoculated by the long 100cm of buttress, in buttress, temperature controls 20 ~ 25 DEG C (temperature ranges 5 ~ 30 DEG C), treat that cow dung becomes small-particle state, when color becomes brownish black by brown, cow dung changes into wormcast substantially, earthworm is separated with wormcast.General cow dung earthworm of feeding is converted into the time 30 ~ 45d of wormcast, and the north needs covered plastic cloth or maize straw insulation after mid-November, in buttress, temperature is lower than earthworm hibernation when 5 DEG C, and Second Year temperature in spring comes into play after ging up.The wormcast organic content 30% ~ 37.5%, N, P obtained
2o
5, K
2the total amount of O is 3% ~ 4%;
(3) mix
Step (1) gained decomposed cow dung, step (2) gained wormcast moisture is cool to 25% ~ 35%, by decomposed cow dung, wormcast, brown coal by following mass ratio mixing, cow dung: wormcast: brown coal=1:1:0.5, obtain mixing organic materials, then will mix organic materials and N P and K zinc boron mixed fertilizer in mass ratio 9.7:0.3 mix, wherein, add urea, each 15 kg of potassium sulfate in finished product fertilizers per ton, thus be reduced the organic fertilizer of Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate.
Gained finished product organic fertilizer reaches the organic fertilizer quality standard of NY_525-2012, organic content>=45% in organic fertilizer, N+P
2o
5+ K
2o total amount>=5.0%, pH about 7.5, moisture content≤30%.
Claims (1)
1. reduce a preparation method for the organic fertilizer of Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) cattle manure
The fresh cow dung cleared out in cattle farm is dried in the air water content 65% ~ 75%, according to 0.1% ~ 0.7% inoculation enzymatic microorganism of mixture fresh weight, one deck cow dung one deck bacterium powder, build heap fermentation after mixing, start to turn over buttress when there is mycelia in stacking, control heap body core temperature and be no more than 65 DEG C, general summer, 2 ~ 3d turned over once, spring and autumn 4 ~ 10d once, time of compost fermentation is fixed with temperature, controls at 10 ~ 45d;
(2) wormcast is prepared
With decomposed cow dung feed earthworm produce wormcast, ground point selection of banking up is set in the ranks or shady and cool ground, avoid direct sunlight, decomposed cow dung heap slivering buttress, inoculate 0.1 ~ 0.5kg earthworm by the long 100cm of buttress, in buttress, temperature controls at 5 ~ 30 DEG C, 30 ~ 45d, cow dung becomes small-particle state, and color becomes brownish black by brown, is separated by earthworm with wormcast;
(3) mix
Step (1) gained decomposed cow dung, step (2) gained wormcast moisture is cool to 25% ~ 35% respectively, by decomposed cow dung, wormcast, brown coal by following mass ratio mixing, cow dung: wormcast: brown coal=(0.8 ~ 1.2): (0.8 ~ 1.2): (0.3 ~ 0.6), obtain mixing organic materials, then organic materials and N P and K zinc boron mixed fertilizer will be mixed in mass ratio (8 ~ 9.5): (0.5 ~ 1.5) mixes, be reduced the organic fertilizer finished product of Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate, the urea added in the organic fertilizer finished product of wherein, reduction Empty Fruit of Chinese Chestnut rate per ton,
Each 10 ~ 20 kg of diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate 5 ~ 10 kg, borax 2 ~ 6 kg.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104098375A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-10-15 | 安徽红三星磷复肥有限责任公司 | Fertilizer special for chestnuts and preparation method thereof |
| CN106554219A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-04-05 | 河北农业大学 | A kind of preventing and treating Cold region apple Fructus Mali pumilae iron-deficient yellowtop fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105541489A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-05-04 | 河北农业大学 | Preparation method for organic fertilizer for preventing and treating secondary salinization of solar greenhouse vegetable field |
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| CN106588198A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-04-26 | 吴仁召 | Organic fertilizer dedicated for castanea mollissima, and preparation method of organic fertilizer |
| CN106747802A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-31 | 吴仁召 | Chinese chestnut special fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107417356A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-12-01 | 河北农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of with the solving continuous cropping strawberry combined type organic fertilizer of soil swelling-shrinkage |
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Effective date of registration: 20240510 Address after: Building B10, Tongji Science and Technology Park (Phase I), Jiyang Haiyu Expressway, Jiyang District, Sanya City, Hainan Province, 572022 Patentee after: Hedao Holding Group Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: Yu Ling Temple Street 071001 No. 289 Hebei city of Baoding Province Patentee before: AGRICULTURAL University OF HEBEI Country or region before: China |