CN103535323A - Livestock and poultry breeding mode - Google Patents
Livestock and poultry breeding mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a '+3-1' livestock and poultry breeding mode. Livestock and poultry are bred in a large scale in the breeding mode that lactic acid bacteria fermentation liquor and microbial fermented feed are fed, biological disinfectant is sprayed, and antibiotics are not added. A breeding method includes the following steps that a farm is disinfected by the biological disinfectant; 5-250ml of the lactic acid bacteria fermentation liquor is fed per day; the microbial fermented feed or mixed feed is fed per day, wherein the mixed feed is prepared from the microbial fermented feed and complete feed, and the weight of the microbial fermented feed accounts for 0-30% of the total weight of the mixed feed. The livestock and poultry are pigs or chicken, the pigs comprise sows, piglets, nursery pigs and lard pigs, and the chicken comprise broiler chicken and laying hens. The livestock and poultry are bred in the '+3-1' breeding mode, economic benefits, ecological benefits and social benefits are remarkable, and the '+3-1' livestock and poultry breeding mode can be popularized and applied.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to "+3-1 " aquaculture model of a kind of livestock and poultry, that is: by adding streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution, the microecological fermented forage of feeding, sprays biological disinfectant, does not add antibiotic aquaculture model livestock and poultry are carried out to large-scale breeding.
Background technology
Antibiotic is used the history of existing 50 years as feed addictive, add antibiotic in order to regulate gastrointestinal bacterial flora in daily ration, thereby improves breeding performonce fo animals and strengthen premunition.Research in recent years finds, antibiotic long-term abuse heavy damage the colony balance in animal intestinal, the microorganism total amount in enteron aisle is sharply reduced, intestinal mucosa attenuation, causes enteron aisle ulcer simultaneously, and autoimmune function is declined.The scholar of many countries confirms, long-term a large amount of antibiotic that use can make to exist in animal foodstuff drug-fast bacteria, as cooks improperly, and these drug-fast bacterias will pass to people by food chain, thereby have accelerated the generation of " superbacteria ".The restriction that international organization and developed country are used in animal feed antibiotic is more and more stricter, and particularly brigadier people is not used for animal with antibiotic.Some developed countries are also more and more stricter to the requirement of import antibiotic residues in animal-derived food, and the detection of antibiotic residue has become the important technology index of safety and sanitation in animal food trade and the technology barriers of constantly increasing.The quality safety of food and the mankind's health in antibiotic abuse and residual serious threat, and in edible animal, forbidding, limit the use of antibiotic feed additive has become world's common recognition, is trend of the times.
Antibiotic substitute products must can promote growth of animal, improve food conversion availability, improve immunity of organisms, effectively prevent disease.Streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution and microecological fermented forage, can effectively improve the growth performance of animal, and can strengthen animal resistance.Xue Heng equality (1994), successively to 4 pig farms, amounts to 600 piglets and carries out 6 tests, and composite bacteria preparation (lactic acid bacteria K, P and aerobic spore-bearing bacilli N42), as additive for feed for piglets, can significantly improve average daily gain and the prevention piglet white scour of piglet.Gold stake waits (2010) research to find to add the basic ration of lactobacillus-fermented feed, compare average daily gain and the average daily ingestion amount that can significantly improve pig, and feedstuff-meat ratio and the incidence of disease all decreases with control group, and the profit of large-scale pig farm is improved.Zhang Jian (2012) research finds to feed the porcine protein, amino acid content of lactic acid bacteria higher than control group, and cholesterol level, total plate count are lower than control group.Chen Fengmei etc. (2008) report, lactobacillus preparation can be treated the colibacillosis of chicken, also can improve food conversion ratio, and chicken weightening finish is also had to certain effect.Xu Jili etc. (2011) study discovery, and diet adds homology lactic acid bacteria all can improve broiler growth performance, immunity function and intestinal structure in various degree, and the action effect of same bacterial classification interpolation 1.0% is better than 0.2%.
The disinfectant that the sterilization of tradition animal or fowls farm will adapt according to selections such as the characteristic of the kind of the kind of pathogenic microorganism, sterilization objects, disinfectant and an interior sanitary condition and Disinfection Effect and disinfection costs.And what use is chemosterilant mostly, there is the characteristics such as toxicity, corrosivity, excitant, poor stability and easy firing.As formalin (aqueous solution of formaldehyde) has corrosivity, volatility is very strong, will give out strong pungent taste after uncork quickly.Formaldehyde is a kind of high excitant toxic gas, has inflammability and corrosivity.Acid iodide is irritant to eye, mucous membrane, skin and the upper respiratory tract, and combustion-supporting, contacts with combustibles sulphur, phosphorus, organic matter, reductant, and chemical reaction can occur, even burning.Chlorine-containing disinfectant, Peracetic acid, chlorine dioxide etc. have larger corrosivity to metallic article, and fabric is had to discoloration, apply water rinse or wipe examination with clear water, to alleviate the damage to article after sterilization.Some chlorine-containing disinfectant poor stability, the term of validity is only the several months, and the thimerosals such as Peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide can not be placed long-time after dilution.Peracetic acid has larger excitant.The excitant of the tincture of iodine is also larger.Preparation and should note personal protection while using disinfectant, should wear safety goggles, mouth mask and gloves when carried out spraying disinfection with disinfectants such as Peracetic acid.The poor stability of tradition disinfectant and have residually, during use, points for attention are loaded down with trivial details, will be with a large amount of scour without sediment motion waste water resources after some disinfectants are used.
The biological disinfectant that environment disinfected is used, is comprised of beneficial microbe lactic acid bacteria and metabolite, is rich in organic acid, little molecular biosciences peptide, bioactie agent etc.Can effectively suppress pathogenic microbe killing, reduce air pathogenic microorganisms quantity and pathogenicity in poultry house, reduce the pollution level of pernicious gas, be conducive to the health of breeding environment.Optimal culture environment, controls and pollutes from cultivation source, guarantees food security.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art; in order not use antibiotic in feed addictive; and prevent that traditional chemical sterilization method from bringing harm to people and animals; the invention provides the aquaculture model ("+3-1 " aquaculture model) of a kind of livestock and poultry; by adding streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution; the microecological fermented forage of feeding, sprays biological disinfectant, does not add antibiotic aquaculture model livestock and poultry are carried out to large-scale breeding.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
"+3-1 " aquaculture model of a kind of livestock and poultry, by the streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution of feeding, microecological fermented forage, spray biological disinfectant, do not add antibiotic aquaculture model livestock and poultry are carried out to large-scale breeding, described livestock and poultry are pig or chicken, pig comprises sow, piglet, child care piglet, big porker, and chicken comprises broiler and layer; Cultural method is as follows:
Plant adopts biological disinfectant sterilization, and disinfecting time is: before animal enters hurdle, once, animal enters behind hurdle, sterilizes weekly 2～4 times, while occurring if any infectious disease, can suitably increase sterilization number of times in sterilization.
The mode of feeding of described streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution is: the 5～250ml that feeds every day, specific as follows: sow: January in antenatal January to postpartum 250ml/d, other stages 150ml/d; Piglet: religion groove is to the rear 2 weeks 50ml/d of wean, child care piglet 100ml/d; Big porker: 100ml/d; Broiler chicken: 5ml/d; Laying hen: 5ml/d.
The mode of feeding of described microecological fermented forage is: according to the feeding time of livestock and poultry routine and scale of feeding feed microecological fermented forage or mixed feed, mixed feed be by microecological fermented forage and complete diet pellet (this complete diet pellet because of the target livestock and poultry of feeding different, but be all the conventional feed of this area, in test example, will provide purchase source and the formula of the concrete basic ration while feeding concrete livestock and poultry) formulated, wherein, microecological fermented forage accounts for 0～30% of mixed feed gross weight.
Described biological disinfectant is mixed and is formed by 95.2% lactobacillus preparation and 4.8% glacial acetic acid, and each component is percentage meter by weight, wherein, the preparation method of lactobacillus preparation is: lactic acid bacteria is dropped into and in fermentation tank, carries out anaerobic fermentation, 37 ℃ of temperature, detect pH, and pH≤4.5 o'clock stop fermentation; The component of fermentation medium consists of: 2% glucose, and 0.2% ammonium citrate, 0.5% acetic acid is received, 0.5% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05% manganese sulphate, 1.0% peptone, 1.0% beef extract, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.1% Tween-80, surplus is water, each component is percentage meter by weight.
Described streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution prepares by following preparation method: by lactic acid bacteria and fermentation medium and water, according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:9, (this ratio refers to the mass ratio of fermentation medium and water, the inoculum concentration of lactic acid bacteria is conventional inoculum concentration, 0.5%, v/v) drop in lactobacillus-fermented tank and carry out anaerobic fermentation, ferment to Lactic Acid from Fermentation Broth bacterium viable count>=10
9cfu/mL obtains (18～24 hours summers); The component of fermentation medium consists of: 2% glucose, and 0.2% ammonium citrate, 0.5% acetic acid is received, 0.5% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05% manganese sulphate, 1.0% peptone, 1.0% beef extract, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.1% Tween-80, surplus is water, each component is percentage meter by weight.
Described microecological fermented forage prepares by following preparation method: by 100kg streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution (said method prepares), 200kg water and 700kg complete diet pellet (this complete diet pellet because of the target livestock and poultry of feeding different, but be all the conventional feed of this area, in test example, will provide purchase source and the formula of the concrete basic ration while feeding concrete livestock and poultry) mix, then anaerobic fermentation 1～3 day (24 hours lower summers of normal temperature, fermented 2～3 days winters), intuitive judgment is held agglomerating, hand is loose while opening, can stop fermentation, viable count of lactobacillus>=10 in this fermented forage
9cfu/g.
Described lactic acid bacteria is the general bacterial classification of the routine of this area, and routine buys from the market, the present invention's bacterial classification used by Shandong Bora profit come biological Engineering stock Co., Ltd provide (article number: 61305, trade name: lactic acid bacteria fermenting agent).In addition, the lactic acid bacteria that biological disinfectant is used, lactic acid bacteria used when feeding, is identical bacterial classification.
In the present invention, described complete diet pellet, when the livestock and poultry of feeding are child care piglet, for being purchased from the granular nonreactive material (article number: Jiangxi raises careful (2008) 00063) of the special Industrial Co., Ltd. of Jiangxi Gree.When the livestock and poultry of feeding are growing and fattening pigs, it is the fattening pannage shown in table 5.When the livestock and poultry of feeding are laying hen, it is the egg feedstuff shown in table 8.
The present invention in order not use antibiotic in feed addictive; and prevent that traditional chemical sterilization method from bringing harm to people and animals; invented a kind of "+3-1 " aquaculture model; by adding streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution; the microecological fermented forage of feeding; spray biological disinfectant, do not add antibiotic aquaculture model and carry out large-scale breeding.
The present invention adds streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution to livestock and poultry, and the mankind can regulate gastrointestinal function by drinking Yoghourt, strengthen self resistance, and in like manner, livestock and poultry also can obtain following effect by drinking streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution:
(1) promote digesting and assimilating of feed: lactic acid bacteria can be decomposed protein, carbohydrate, the synthetic vitamin in feed, and fat is also had to faint capacity of decomposition, can significantly improve digestibility and the biological value of feed.
(2) maintain micro ecology of gastrointestinal tract balance: lactic acid bacteria is the intestines and stomach bacterium of being everlasting, livestock and poultry take after lactic acid bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria can produce a large amount of organic acids, hydrogen peroxide, enzyme, bacterial enzyme etc., suppress harmful bacteria breeding, promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, maintain gastrointestinal bacterial flora balance and normal physiological function.
(3) improve inside and outside environment: the converted product ammonia of protein, amine etc. have obvious toxic action to animal intestinal mucosa cells, the lactic acid bacteria organic acid that growth and breeding produces in enteron aisle, the materials such as bacteriocin, can suppress the growth of the putrefactivebacterias such as Escherichia coli, reduce the activity of urase, reduce the generation of above-mentioned substance, the concentration of ammonia in intestines is reduced, and reduce the excretion to the external world, improved the living environment of livestock and poultry.
(4) regulate immunity of organisms: Bacillus acidi lactici and Bifidobacterium be the phagocytosis of activating macrophage obviously, on the other hand due to can field planting in enteron aisle, suitable and natural active immunity.They can also stimulate peritoneal macrophages, produce interferon, promote cell division, produce antibody and cellular immunity etc., can strengthen the non-specific and specific immune response of body, improve the resistance against diseases of body.The present invention and lactobacillus-fermented complete sets of Techniques, move into plant by lactobacillus-fermented workshop, safe, efficient, the fresh streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution of supply livestock and poultry group.
The present invention is to the livestock and poultry microecological fermented forage of feeding, for the nutritional need feature of landrace, again optimize feed formula, focus on coarse-fibred absorption, remove the medication that keeps healthy in feed, then add according to different physiological stages and composite different probioticses combinations.Its feature and effect are as follows:
(1) improve the palatability of feed, reduce aquaculture cost: thick, green forage passes through the fermentation of microorganism, can produce certain sour fragrance, improves feed palatability, makes livestock and poultry like searching for food.And in feed, increase ratio thick, green forage, and can greatly save fine fodder, reduce feeding cost, improve the economic benefit of stock keeping fowl.
(2) improve efficiency of feed utilization, increase livestock and poultry body weight: microbial body contains the enzyme of the materials such as starch-splitting, protein, fat, some substance decomposition that are difficult to digested absorption in feed can be converted into and simply be easy to the material digested and assimilated, greatly improve the availability of feed.Meanwhile, in feed fermentation process, can produce a large amount of nutritious microbial bacteria body proteins and useful metabolite, improve the nutritive value of feed, make livestock and poultry eat rear weightening finish and accelerate.
(3) strengthen immunity of organisms: in fermented forage, containing the necessary protein of organism normal physiological function, vitamin B complex and enzyme, can promote only health of livestock and poultry, improve premunition.In fermented forage, there is a large amount of useful viable bacteria and metabolite thereof, can promote intestinal microecology balance, suppress the growth and breeding of harmful germ, improve immunity.The production technology of the present invention and microecological fermented forage is supporting.
The present invention carries out disinfection to scale animal or fowls farm by spraying biological disinfectant, and effect and the purposes of biological disinfectant are as follows:
(1) contain the lactic acid bacteria through specificity screening and domestication, can effectively suppress the growth and breeding of the harmful bacterias such as Escherichia coli, salmonella, staphylococcus aureus, create the good ecotope of poultry house, safety non-pollution.Be rich in organic acid, dilute 100 times after pH value can reach 3.0 left and right, can reduce in poultry house the harmful gas concentrations such as ammonia, reduce ight soil stink, improve poultry house air quality.
(2) while being sprayed onto poultry house, be suspended in air, can be attached to dust and harmful microbe surface, effectively suppress and reduce harmful microbe quantity in air.Be attached to the breeding facilities such as poultry house ground, tank, hopper, metope, just during surface, can effectively kill and suppress harmful microbe growth and breeding; And can suppress harmful microbe growth on feces of livestock and poultry, reduce the harm of ight soil secondary pollution.
(3) enter after livestock and poultry respiratory, to respiratory mucosa, without bad spread effect, and can suppress harmful microbe growth and breeding in respiratory tract, reduce the incidence of disease of livestock and birds respiratory disease.The easypro treasured of spray that the present invention sprays comes biological Engineering stock Co., Ltd to provide by Shandong Bora profit.
The present invention cultivates livestock and poultry by "+3-1 " aquaculture model, has following beneficial effect:
(1) economic benefit: regulating intestinal canal colony balance, improves human body immune function; Improve newborn animal survival rate and growth rate; Improve food conversion ratio, reduce aquaculture cost, improve cultivation income.
(2) ecological benefits: biological antiseptic; Microorganism fermentation, odorless, tasteless zero pollutes, zero-emission, Optimal culture environment; The utilization of resources, reduction farmland, structure science, effective ecological circulation system.
(3) social benefit: " Yoghourt " health care; Do not have an injection, medicine feed not; Control and pollute source, improve livestock and poultry meat, guarantee food security; Build green, high-quality animal product system, to consumer, provide no drug residue, pollution-free, healthy and safe green livestock and poultry meat.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
"+3-1 " aquaculture model of 1 one kinds of livestock and poultry of embodiment
"+3-1 " aquaculture model of a kind of livestock and poultry, by the streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution of feeding, microecological fermented forage, spray biological disinfectant, do not add antibiotic aquaculture model livestock and poultry are carried out to large-scale breeding, described livestock and poultry are pig or chicken, pig comprises sow, piglet, child care piglet, big porker, and chicken comprises broiler and layer; Cultural method is as follows:
Plant adopts biological disinfectant sterilization, and disinfecting time is: before animal enters hurdle, once, animal enters behind hurdle, sterilizes weekly 2～4 times, while occurring if any infectious disease, can suitably increase sterilization number of times in sterilization.
The mode of feeding of described streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution is: sow: January in antenatal January to postpartum 250ml/d, other stages 150ml/d; Piglet: religion groove is to the rear 2 weeks 50ml/d of wean, child care piglet 100ml/d; Big porker: 100ml/d; Broiler chicken: 5ml/d; Laying hen: 5ml/d.
The mode of feeding of described microecological fermented forage is: according to the feeding time of livestock and poultry routine and scale of feeding feed microecological fermented forage or mixed feed, mixed feed be by microecological fermented forage and complete diet pellet (this complete diet pellet because of the target livestock and poultry of feeding different, but be all the conventional feed of this area, in following concrete test example, all provided purchase source and the formula of concrete basic ration) formulated, wherein, microecological fermented forage accounts for 0～30% of mixed feed gross weight.
Described biological disinfectant is mixed and is formed by 95.2% lactobacillus preparation and 4.8% glacial acetic acid, and each component is percentage meter by weight, wherein, the preparation method of lactobacillus preparation is: lactic acid bacteria is dropped into and in fermentation tank, carries out anaerobic fermentation, 37 ℃ of temperature, detect solution pH value, and pH≤4.5 o'clock stop fermentation; The component of fermentation medium consists of: 2% glucose, and 0.2% ammonium citrate, 0.5% acetic acid is received, 0.5% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05% manganese sulphate, 1.0% peptone, 1.0% beef extract, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.1% Tween-80, surplus is water, each component is percentage meter by weight.
Described streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution prepares by following preparation method: lactic acid bacteria and fermentation medium and water are dropped in lactobacillus-fermented tank and carry out anaerobic fermentation according to the ratio of weight ratio 1:9, ferment to Lactic Acid from Fermentation Broth bacterium viable count>=10
9cfu/mL obtains (18～24 hours summers); The component of fermentation medium consists of: 2% glucose, and 0.2% ammonium citrate, 0.5% acetic acid is received, 0.5% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05% manganese sulphate, 1.0% peptone, 1.0% beef extract, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.1% Tween-80, surplus is water, each component is percentage meter by weight.
Described microecological fermented forage prepares by following preparation method: by 100kg streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution (said method prepares), 200kg water and 700kg complete diet pellet (this complete diet pellet because of the target livestock and poultry of feeding different, but be all the conventional feed of this area, in following concrete test example, purchase source and the formula of concrete basic ration have all been provided, this complete diet pellet is identical with the complete diet pellet in mixed feed) mix, then anaerobic fermentation 1～3 day (24 hours lower summers of normal temperature, fermented 2～3 days winters), intuitive judgment is held agglomerating, hand is loose while opening, can stop fermentation, viable count of lactobacillus>=10 in this fermented forage
9cfu/g.
Described lactic acid bacteria comes biological Engineering stock Co., Ltd to provide by Shandong Bora profit.
The application test of test example 1 "+3-1 " aquaculture model on child care piglet
1, test material
Experimental animal: get 40 of the healthy child care piglets that 32 ages in days, body weight are close, be divided into two groups, 20 every group, the former piglet cradling material of using of control group fed, by Jiangxi Gree, special Industrial Co., Ltd. provides.The experimental group mode of feeding is as follows.Test 6 days preliminary trial periods, just trying 31 days phases.
Feeding manner: the experimental group mixed feed that microecological fermented forage and granular nonreactive material (being purchased from the special Industrial Co., Ltd. of Jiangxi Gree) form of feeding between preliminary trial period, wherein, in mixed feed, the part by weight of microecological fermented forage increases gradually, until increase to 30%, as shown in table 1.The experimental group mixed feed that microecological fermented forage and granular nonreactive material form of feeding during just trying, in mixed feed, microecological fermented forage accounts for 30% of mixed feed gross weight.Whole duration of test experimental group is added streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution 100ml/d/ head.
Table 1 preliminary trial period experimental group daily ration forms variation (with air-dry restatement)
Feeding and management: according to normal operation sequence, piglet is carried out to feeding and management, two groups of all normal immunity.Experimental group nursery house enters pig the previous day, and to high bed, ground, air and the abundant spray disinfectant of biological disinfectant for insulation backing plate, piglet enters behind nursery, sterilizes weekly 3 times.Control group dilutes spray disinfectant by 1:500 acid iodide or 1:1000 sterilization prestige before entering pig, and every square metre of surperficial 100ml, enters pig after being dried again.Piglet proceeds to behind nursery, by 1:1000 sterilization prestige, dilutes spraying disinfection rear two days one time.
2, result of the test and analysis
2.1 liang of group piglet growth performances: as shown in table 2.
Table 2 liang group piglet growth performance comparison
| Pilot project | Experimental group | Control group |
| For an examination number | 20 | 20 |
| Just having a try and testing number of days | 31 | 31 |
| Initial total amount (kg) | 210 | 207 |
| Test last total amount (kg) | 538 | 512 |
| Total augment weight (kg) | 328 | 305 |
| Average every weightening finish (kg) | 16.4 | 15.25 |
| Every average weight gain every day (kg) | 0.529 | 0.491 |
| Total feed consumption (kg) | 520 | 492 |
| Feedstuff-meat ratio | 1.585：1 | 1.613：1 |
As can be seen from Table 2, average every weight gain of piglets shows as: experimental group exceeds 1.15kg than control group, and experimental group daily gain improves 7.01% than control group.Every day every average weight gain for experimental group than control group exceed 37.09 grams/(top margin of a page), experimental group every average weight gain every day improves 7.45% than control group.
Regulation according to this test site: 60 age in days piglet live-weights should reach 20kg just can proceed to growth house above.With the above-mentioned standard that is defined as, we can analyze two groups of body weight and all reach the needed age in days of 20kg.
The number of days that control group also needs: (20 * 20-207) ÷ 20 ÷ 0.491=19.62(days), now control group piglet age in days is 38+19.62=57.62 days, can shift to an earlier date 60-57.62=2.38 days and proceed to growth house.
The number of days that experimental group also needs: (20 * 20-210) ÷ 20 ÷ 0.529=17.96(days), now experimental group piglet age in days is 38+17.96=55.96 days, can shift to an earlier date 60-55.96=4.04 days and proceed to growth house.
Experimental group can shift to an earlier date 4.04-2.38=1.66 days compared with control group and proceed to growth house.Visible experimental group more can shorten the child care phase compared with control group, is conducive to shorten whole breeding cycle.
Microecological fermented forage contains a large amount of lactic acid bacterias and lactic acid, has greatly strengthened the palatability of feed, and this can find out from feed consumption total amount.Further analysis is known, and experimental group can improve feed intake ratio compared with control group can reach 5.69%, [(520-492)/492 * 100%].The feed intake that improves piglet is conducive to the gastral growth of piglet and is also conducive to the good growth of piglet better bring into play with production potential.
2.2 piglet white scour situations: as shown in table 3, continued 3.
Table 3 is just trying diarrhea statistical form every day phase
Continued 3 is just being tried diarrhea statistical form every day phase
From table 3, can calculate accumulative total diarrhea head number, experimental group is 28 times, and control group is 24 times, and it is many that the number of times of experimental group diarrhea is wanted.Also can find that experimental group diarrhea concentrates on 9-15 days, and control group relatively disperses simultaneously.
Analysis may need the regular hour with pernicious bacteria contention attachment site for probio enters after enteron aisle, the distribution that changes gut flora temporarily can affect intestinal environment and diarrhea (situations of 9-15 days), diarrhea piglet diarrhea after simple treatment will reduce or stop, once adhere to and growth and breeding but probio is stable, reach new fauna balance, diarrhea number of times reduces, and has shown good recovery situation (16-31 days situations) and upgrowth situation (2 liang of group growing states of associative list can be analyzed).
2.3 Economic and Efficiency Analysis: as shown in table 4
Table 4 economic cost accounting table
| Project | Control group | Experimental group |
| Treatment medical fee | 7.95 first | 7.42 first |
| Feed cost | 492kg * 3.05 yuan/kg=1500.6 unit | 520kg * 2.95 yuan/kg=1534 unit |
| Bacterial classification takes | 0 | 6.8 |
| Pig weightening finish benefit | 13.6 yuan/kg * 305kg=4148 unit | 13.6 yuan/kg * 328kg=4460.8 unit |
| Total benefit | 2439.45 first | 2912.58 first |
| Two groups of total benefits are poor | 0 | + 473.13 yuan |
Note: in September, 2007 is per ton former in 3050 yuan, piglet cradling material, and in September, 2007, granular nonreactive material per ton was 2950 yuan, and on October 30th, 2007, every kg live pig was 13.6 yuan.
As can be seen from Table 4, experimental group exceeds 473.13 yuan than control group total benefit, calculates known average every piglet and has more 23.66 yuan.The use of test explanation fermented forage, streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution and biological disinfectant, has reduced feeding cost, has increased economic benefit.
3, brief summary
From this piglets, can draw, "+3-1 " aquaculture model, improving feed intake, promotes growth, shortens breeding cycle, increases the aspects such as economic benefit and has played important function.In addition, in fermented forage, do not add any medicine, especially antibiotic, can ensure animal foodstuff safety, meet people's modern life needs, and really allow antibiotic get back in the object for the treatment of by a main trend that is Future Development yet.
The application test of test example 2 "+3-1 " aquaculture model in growing and fattening pigs
1, materials and methods
Experimental animal: select 56 of the approaching three way cross market pigs of age in days, be divided into 2 groups by its body weight and sex ratio, wherein experimental group is 33,23 of control groups, experimental group is 11 repetitions, each repeats 3 pigs, control group is 9 repetitions, and each repeats 2～3 pigs.
Test diet: with reference to NRC (1998) and China's growing and fattening pigs feeding standard preparation daily ration, as a control group.Feed formula for fattening pig is in Table 5.Premix is provided by Beijing “Dong Fu” company.
Raise in advance 7 days phases, formal test 30 days.Experimental group is fed the mixed feed of microecological fermented forage and fattening pannage composition between preliminary trial period, wherein, in mixed feed, the part by weight of microecological fermented forage increases gradually, until increase to 30%.The experimental group mixed feed that microecological fermented forage and fattening pannage form of feeding during just trying, wherein, in mixed feed, microecological fermented forage accounts for 30% of mixed feed gross weight.Whole duration of test experimental group is added streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution 100ml/d/ head.
Table 5. feed formula for fattening pig
| Formula | Ratio |
| Corn % | 64 |
| Dregs of beans % | 17 |
| Wheat bran % | 15 |
| Premix % | 4 |
Feeding and management: whole duration of test is established special messenger and fed, each group all gives identical feeding and management and environmental condition feeds intake at regular time and quantity, free choice feeding and drinking-water; Carry out routinely immunity inoculation and expelling parasite.Observe swinery situation every day and perform record.Experimental group is fattened to give up before pig and is sterilized once with biological disinfectant, and pig enters behind hurdle, sterilizes weekly 3 times.It is front to 10-20% limewash or the water sterilization of 20-30% ash for pig house that control group enters pig, enter after house, with 0.2%～0.3% Peracetic acid spraying disinfection, every cubic metre of space medication 20～40ml, also available 0.2% liquor natrii hypochloritis or 0.1% bromogeramine solution, sterilize weekly 1～2 time.
2, results and analysis
2.1 test pig body weight and Gain weights (in Table 6)
The conventional Analysis of Nutritive Composition of table 6.
| Pilot project | Experimental group | Control group |
| For an examination number | 33 | 23 |
| Average starting weight (jin) | 134.05 | 153.2 |
| Average end heavy (jin) | 186.41 | 202.09 |
| Average daily gain (jin) | 1.75 | 1.62 |
| Average feed consumption (jin) | 152.36 | 158.4 |
| Average weight gain (jin) | 52.36 | 48.89 |
| Feedstuff-meat ratio | 2.91：1 | 3.24：1 |
| Crude protein digestibility | 0.74 | 0.59 |
As seen from Table 6, the average daily gain of duration of test experimental group and control group is respectively 1.75 jin, 1.62 jin, and experimental group daily gain improves 8% than control group, and feed consumption reduces 3.8%, and feedstuff-meat ratio reduces by 10.19%.
2.2 duration of test pig intestinal microflora situations (in Table 7).
Microflora in table 7 ight soil
As shown in Table 7, test 10 days control group Escherichia coli and be significantly less than outside experimental group (P ﹤ 0.05), between other group, difference is not remarkable in each period.
3, conclusion
In sum, "+3-1 " aquaculture model is promoting growing-finishing pigs, and improving feed digestibility aspect has good effect.Also be improved gut flora, reduce the trend of Escherichia coli quantity.
The application test of test example 3 "+3-1 " aquaculture model on laying hen
1, materials and methods
Experimental animal: select laying hen 2600 plumages, age in days 430d, lays eggs the later stage, and average egg production is in 75% left and right.Laying hen is divided equally to two groups, experimental group and control group, average every group of 1300 plumages.
Test daily ration: with reference to NRC (1994) and China's layer breeding standard preparation daily ration, as a control group.Control group daily ration is in Table 8.Premix is provided by Shandong company of Tian Ju Development Co., Ltd.
Feed between the preliminary trial period mixed feed of the feedstuff composition shown in microecological fermented forage and table 12 of experimental group, wherein, in mixed feed, the part by weight of microecological fermented forage increases gradually, and first day is 0%, increases by 2% every day afterwards, until increase to 12%.Feed during just the trying mixed feed of the feedstuff composition shown in microecological fermented forage and table 12 of experimental group, wherein, in mixed feed, microecological fermented forage accounts for 12% of mixed feed gross weight.Raise in advance 7 days phases, just raising 5 week of phase.Whole duration of test experimental group is only added streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution 5ml/d/.
Table 8. contrast daily ration component and content (%)
| Corn | 40 |
| Wheat | 24 |
| Dregs of beans | 23 |
| Conch meal | 4 |
| Stone flour | 4 |
| Soybean lecithin | 2 |
| Premix | 5 |
Other trace element, AD
3, sodium selenite, electrolysis multidimensional, Vitality Source, probiotic, the spirit of increasing egg, saussurea involucrata powder, enzyme preparation etc., account for 2%.
Feeding and management: test laying hen adopts two ladders to raise in cages, and feeds and feeds by one day three times, freely drinks water, picks up the management such as egg, illumination, clear excrement and requires to carry out in strict accordance with cultivation factory.Record feeding volume every day, egg agent is sterilized once, enters number after chicken, egg size, soft (breaking) egg number, dead number hen house temperature, the humidity etc. of washing in a pan.Experimental group hen house is used biological disinfectant spray disinfectant before entering chicken, enters after chicken, sterilizes weekly 1 time.Control group enters before chicken, every cubic metre of space use formalin 28ml, the stifling 24h of water 14ml, potassium permanganate 14g, and hen house is closed and within 2 weeks, just can be entered above chicken production.Enter after chicken, with 0.1% Peracetic acid spraying disinfection, every cubic metre of space medication 20～40ml, sterilizes weekly 1 time.
2, result of the test
2.1 on the impact of laying hen feedstuff-egg ratio in Table 9.
The affect % of table 9 on feedstuff-egg ratio
| ? | 1 week | 2 weeks | 3 weeks | 4 weeks | 5 weeks | 6 weeks |
| Control group | 2.37 | 2.37 | 2.43 | 2.45 | 2.47 | 2.49 |
| Experimental group | 2.52 | 2.59 | 2.6 | 2.57 | 2.54 | 2.54 |
Along with the carrying out of test, each organizes feedstuff-egg ratio rising, and control group rising is the most obvious, is elevated to 2.49 during off-test, has raise 0.12; Experimental group first rises and then declines, and is finally 2.54, has raise 0.02.Aspect feedstuff-egg ratio, fermented forage group is compared with contrasting daily ration, and through the test of 5 weeks, it was not very greatly that front and back feedstuff-egg ratio changes, and has risen 0.02, and control group has risen 0.12, and front and back amplitude of variation surpasses experimental group greatly.
This explanation, the use of microecological fermented forage, streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution and biological disinfectant, can delay the speed that feedstuff-egg ratio declines, namely to extending the high feed conversion rate of laying hen, have certain effect, but because test laying hen is in the later stage of laying eggs, itself declines laying rate, so two groups of feedstuff-egg ratios all raise to some extent.We know, because breeding layer chicken surpasses 500～550 ages in days, laying rate, lower than below 70%, can have been eliminated substantially, if can maintain or extend higher feedstuff-egg ratio, can extend the service time of laying hen, reduce cost and drop into.
2.2 on the impact of laying rate of laying hen in Table 10.
The affect % of table 10 on laying rate
| ? | 1 week | 2 weeks | 3 weeks | 4 weeks | 5 weeks | 6 weeks |
| Control group | 77.53 | 77.27 | 76.6 | 75.5 | 75.1 | 72.4 |
| Experimental group | 72.28 | 72.14 | 71.56 | 71.4 | 70.3 | 70 |
Due to the problem of grouping, control group (77.5%) is than experimental group laying rate (72.3%) height, so control group starting point is just high.Through 5 all feeding, laying rate is all declining, and only fall is different.Control group has declined 5.1%, and experimental group has declined 2.3%.
From data analysis, the use of microecological fermented forage, streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution and biological disinfectant, the decrease speed that slows down laying rate that can be limited, maintains laying rate stabilization time, extends high laying period.
2.3 on the impact of soft (breaking) egg rate in Table 11.
The affect % of table 11 on soft (breaking) egg rate
| ? | 1 week | 2 weeks | 3 weeks | 4 weeks | 5 weeks | 6 weeks |
| Control group | 2.37 | 2.13 | 1.79 | 2.51 | 2.93 | 2.51 |
| Experimental group | 3.02 | 2.26 | 1.78 | 1.82 | 1.89 | 2.17 |
Along with the carrying out of test, all decline to some extent; The 3rd week, there is rising, now there is difference, control group raises the fastest, experimental group rising; To later stage, control group declines to a great extent again, and experimental group tends towards stability.Final control group soft (breaking) egg rate is 2.51%, has small size rising, and experimental group has declined 0.85%.
Analyze reason, the use of microecological fermented forage, streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution and biological disinfectant, has improved the nutrient health level of laying hen, has improved the resistivity of laying hen body, and this is reflected in soft (breaking) egg rate is exactly best performance.
The variation of 2.4 test laying hen Enteron Acidities
Test chicken is dissected, and the content of getting stomach, caecum carries out pH mensuration, result following (table 12):
The impact of table 12 on laying hen Enteron Acidity
| Digestive tract | Control group | Experimental group |
| Stomach | 5.27 | 4.76 |
| Caecum | 6.41 | 6.45 |
From table 12, we can find out, in laying hen stomach position, experimental group acidity is lower than control group, and difference is obvious.And in laying hen caecum, two groups of differences are not obvious.
So it seems, the use of microecological fermented forage, streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution and biological disinfectant, can obviously reduce overall acidity in stomach, makes the abundant acidifying of chyme, is beneficial to and digests and assimilates; To digestive tract caecum, pH does not have obvious effect.
3, conclusion
"+3-1 " aquaculture model can extend the egg-laying peak of laying hen, maintains laying hen in good state, extends the service time of laying hen, reduces cost and drops into; Improve the nutrition conversion ratio of feed, slow down the rising speed of feedstuff-egg ratio; The resistivity that strengthens laying hen body, the fluctuation of laying eggs that minimizing stress bring, reduces soft (breaking) egg rate; Obviously reduce the pH value of content in laying hen stomach, promote the acidifying of feed, for good basis is laid in intestinal digestion.
Claims (7)
1. "+3-1 " aquaculture model of livestock and poultry, is characterized in that: by the streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution of feeding, microecological fermented forage, spray biological disinfectant, do not add antibiotic aquaculture model livestock and poultry are carried out to large-scale breeding, cultural method is as follows:
Plant adopts biological disinfectant sterilization, and disinfecting time is: before animal enters hurdle, once, animal enters behind hurdle, sterilizes weekly 2～4 times in sterilization;
The mode of feeding of described streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution is: 5～250ml feeds every day;
The mode of feeding of described microecological fermented forage is: feed every day microecological fermented forage or mixed feed, and mixed feed is formulated by microecological fermented forage and complete diet pellet, wherein, microecological fermented forage accounts for 0～30% of mixed feed gross weight.
2. "+3-1 " aquaculture model of livestock and poultry according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described livestock and poultry are pig or chicken, and pig comprises sow, piglet, child care piglet, big porker, and chicken comprises broiler chicken, laying hen.
3. "+3-1 " aquaculture model of livestock and poultry according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: according to the difference of the target livestock and poultry of feeding, the mode of feeding of described streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution is: sow: January in antenatal January to postpartum 250ml/d, other stages 150ml/d; Piglet: religion groove is to the rear 2 weeks 50ml/d of wean, child care piglet 100ml/d; Big porker: 100ml/d; Broiler chicken: 5ml/d; Laying hen: 5ml/d.
4. "+3-1 " aquaculture model of livestock and poultry according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described biological disinfectant is mixed and formed by 95.2% lactobacillus preparation and 4.8% glacial acetic acid, and each component is percentage meter by weight.
5. "+3-1 " aquaculture model of livestock and poultry according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described lactobacillus preparation is: lactic acid bacteria is dropped in fermentation tank and carries out anaerobic fermentation, and 37 ℃ of temperature, detect pH, and pH≤4.5 o'clock stop fermentation; The component of fermentation medium consists of: 2% glucose, and 0.2% ammonium citrate, 0.5% acetic acid is received, 0.5% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05% manganese sulphate, 1.0% peptone, 1.0% beef extract, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.1% Tween-80, surplus is water, each component is percentage meter by weight.
6. "+3-1 " aquaculture model of livestock and poultry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution prepares by following preparation method: lactic acid bacteria, fermentation medium, water are dropped in lactobacillus-fermented tank and carries out anaerobic fermentation, ferment to Lactic Acid from Fermentation Broth bacterium viable count>=10
9cfu/mL and get final product; The component of fermentation medium consists of: 2% glucose, and 0.2% ammonium citrate, 0.5% acetic acid is received, 0.5% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05% manganese sulphate, 1.0% peptone, 1.0% beef extract, 0.5% yeast extract, 0.1% Tween-80, surplus is water, each component is percentage meter by weight.
7. according to "+3-1 " aquaculture model of the livestock and poultry described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterized in that: described microecological fermented forage prepares by following preparation method: 100kg streptococcus acidi lactici fermented solution, 200kg water and 700kg complete diet pellet are mixed, then anaerobic fermentation is 1～3 day, that intuitive judgment is held is agglomerating, hand is loose while opening, and can stop fermentation.
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