CN103492219B - 扭矩控制装置以及非接触充电系统 - Google Patents
扭矩控制装置以及非接触充电系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103492219B CN103492219B CN201280019589.9A CN201280019589A CN103492219B CN 103492219 B CN103492219 B CN 103492219B CN 201280019589 A CN201280019589 A CN 201280019589A CN 103492219 B CN103492219 B CN 103492219B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 220
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 104
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000009790 rate-determining step (RDS) Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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Abstract
本发明提供一种扭矩控制装置,其在车辆停车时容易进行车辆的位置与规定的停车位置的位置配合。本发明的扭矩控制装置具备:加速踏板开度检测单元,其检测加速踏板开度;扭矩设定单元,其根据由加速踏板开度检测单元检测出的加速踏板开度,设定驱动车辆(100)的扭矩;扭矩控制单元,其根据车辆(100)的位置相对于规定的停车位置的相对位置来对由扭矩设定单元所设定的扭矩进行校正,使得根据校正后的扭矩来驱动车辆(100)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及扭矩控制装置以及非接触充电系统。
背景技术
已知一种非接触供电装置,具备供电线圈与受电线圈,供电线圈与受电线圈隔着隔开规定的距离形成的间隙彼此相向配置,并且分别是规定的口径和形状,成为在供电时上下相等对称的相同构造,其中,作为受电侧的电动汽车具备充电用控制器、电池,通过从该供电线圈向受电线圈供电来对电池进行充电(专利文献1)。
但是,存在以下的问题,即在将车辆停车在用于充电的停车位时,难以使车辆侧的受电线圈与地上侧的供电线圈位置配合。
本发明要解决的问题在于:提供一种扭矩控制装置,其在车辆停车时,容易进行车辆的位置与规定的停车位置的位置配合。
专利文献1:日本特开2008-288889号公报
发明内容
本发明通过根据车辆位置相对于规定的停车位置的相对位置来校正扭矩,使得以校正后的扭矩来驱动该车辆,从而解决上述问题。
根据本发明,在车辆接近规定的停车位置时,对扭矩进行校正,由此容易通过驾驶操作进行车辆的细致移动,作为其结果能够容易地进行规定的停车位置与车辆位置的位置配合。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施方式的非接触充电系统的框图。
图2a是表示图1的初级线圈与次级线圈相向的状态的俯视图和立体图。
图2b是表示图1的初级线圈与次级线圈相向的状态的俯视图和立体图,是表示与X轴方向偏离的情况的图。
图3是包含在图1的非接触充电系统的车辆中的扭矩控制装置的框图。
图4是图3的扭矩控制装置的扭矩图,是表示扭矩(T)相对于车速(Vsp)的特性的图表。
图5是表示图3的扭矩控制装置的扭矩校正部的校正系数(K)相对于受电线圈与输电线圈16之间的距离(L)的特性的图表。
图6是表示图3的扭矩控制装置的控制步骤的流程图。
图7是在本发明的其他实施方式的非接触充电系统中车辆的停车位的说明图。
图8是表示其他实施方式的扭矩控制装置的扭矩校正部的校正系数(K)相对于受电线圈与输电线圈16之间的距离(L)的特性的图表。
具体实施方式
以下,根据附图说明本发明的实施方式。
图1是本发明的一个实施方式的具备包含扭矩控制装置的车辆和充电装置100的非接触充电系统的框图。此外,本例子的扭矩控制装置安装在电动汽车中,但也可以是混合车辆等车辆。
如图1所示,本例子的非接触充电系统是以下的系统,即具备作为车辆侧的单元的车辆200、作为地上侧单元的充电装置100,从设置于供电站等的充电装置100非接触地供给电力,对设置于车辆200的电池21进行充电。
充电装置100具备交流电源11、变换器12、充电控制部13、位置检测部14、通信部15、输送线圈16。充电装置100被设置在车辆200停车的停车位,是在车辆200停车在规定的停车位置时通过线圈之间的非接触供电而供给电力的地上侧的单元。
变换器12是用于将从交流电源11输送的交流电力变换为高频的交流电力而向输电线圈16输送的电力变换装置。通信部15在与车辆200侧的通信部25之间通过无线进行通信,进行信息的收发。通信部15例如向通信部25发送表示开始从充电装置100的电力供给的信号,或者从车辆200侧从通信部25接收表示希望从充电装置100接收电力的信号。位置检测部14相对于设置在充电装置100的输电线圈16的设置位置,周期地检测要停车在规定的停车位置的车辆200的受电线圈26的位置。位置检测部14例如发送红外线信号或超声波信号等信号,根据该信号的变化而检测位置。
充电控制部13通过控制变换器12、位置检测部14和通信部15,来控制充电装置100。充电控制部13控制变换器12,来控制从输电线圈16向受电线圈26输出的电力等。充电控制部13从通信部15向通信部25发送与充电有关的控制信号,控制位置检测部14,检测受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置。
输电线圈16被设置在具有本例子的非接触充电系统的停车位。在非接触充电系统中的具备车辆200侧单元的车辆停车在规定的停车位置时,输电线圈16位于受电线圈26的下部,与受电线圈26保持距离地确定位置。输电线圈16是与停车位的表面平行的圆形形状的线圈。
车辆200具备电池21、变换器22、充电控制部23、整流电路24、通信部25、受电线圈26、逆变器27、马达28以及EV控制器30。受电线圈26设置在车辆200的底面(Chassis)等后方的车轮之间。另外,在该车辆200停车在规定的停车位置时,受电线圈26处于输电线圈16的上部,与输电线圈16保持距离地确定位置。受电线圈26是与停车位的表面平行的圆形形状的线圈。整流电路24将通过受电线圈26接收的交流电力整流为直流电力。变换器22是将通过整流电路24整流后的直流电力变换为适合于电池21的充电的直流电力的DC-DC变换器。另外变换器22包含接线箱(未图示),该接线箱具有用于将电池21、成为充电电路的变换器22、整流电路24以及受电线圈26切断的开关,该接线箱被充电控制部23控制。
电池21是通过将多个二次电池连接起来而构成的,成为车辆200的电力源。逆变器27是根据EV控制器30的开关控制以及基于驾驶员的加速踏板操作的扭矩指令值,将从电池21输出的直流电力变换为交流电力并向马达28供给的控制电路。马达28例如由三相的交流电动机构成,为用于驱动车辆200的驱动源。
通信部25通过无线与地上侧的通信部15进行通信,进行信息的收发。充电控制部23在充电时控制电池21、变换器22、整流电路24以及通信部25。另外充电控制部23通过CAN通信网与EV控制器30连接,进行控制信号的收发。另外,充电控制部23经由通信部15和通信部25,与充电控制部13进行与充电有关的控制信号的收发,控制本例子的非接触充电系统。充电控制部23在充电时,控制包含在变换器22中的接线箱,使得从受电线圈26通过整流电路24、变换器22到电池21导通,将从输电线圈16输送的电力供给到电池21,由此对电池21进行充电。EV控制器30是控制车辆200整体的控制部,为了驱动车辆200而设定扭矩,或者向充电控制部23发送用于开始充电的信号。
接着,使用图2a和图2b,说明输电线圈16的位置与受电线圈26的位置的位置偏离与本例子的非接触充电系统的供电效率之间的关系。图2a和图2b是表示输电线圈16与受电线圈26相向的状态的俯视图(a)、立体图(b)、(c)。在图2a和图2b中,X轴和Y轴表示输电线圈16与受电线圈26的平面方向,Z轴表示高度方向。
在本例子的非接触充电系统中,在输电线圈16与受电线圈26之间,通过电磁感应作用而在非接触状态下进行高频电力的送电和受电。换言之,在向输电线圈16施加电压时,在输电线圈16与受电线圈26之间产生磁耦合,从输电线圈16向受电线圈26供给电力。在这样的非接触充电中,从输电线圈16向受电线圈26供电的效率(供电效率)依存于输电线圈16与受电线圈26之间的耦合系数。
现在,在如图2a所示,在作为平面方向的X轴、Y轴方向上,车辆200停车到停车位使得受电线圈26与输电线圈16配合的情况下,受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置在平面方向上为同一位置,从受电线圈26到输电线圈16的距离变得最短。在该情况下,受电线圈26与输电线圈16之间的距离短,耦合系数最高,因此供电效率高。
另一方面,根据驾驶员的技能,有时如图2b所示,在受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置在平面方向上偏离的状态下车辆200停车。在图2b所示的例子中,受电线圈26的位置相对于输电线圈16的位置在X轴方向上偏离XL的量,在Y轴方向上偏离YL的量,平面方向上的输电线圈16与受电线圈26之间的距离为L。在该情况下,受电线圈26的位置相对于输电线圈16的位置偏离距离L的量,因此,耦合系数与图2a的耦合系数相比变小,供电效率变低。
即,在本例子的非接触充电系统中,在使车辆200停车时,减小受电线圈26与输电线圈16的位置偏离在供电效率方面是重要的,因此如以下详细说明的那样,在车辆200停车时,向车辆200安装在车辆200停车时容易进行受电线圈26与输电线圈16的位置配合的扭矩控制装置。
接着,使用图3~图5说明本例子的扭矩控制装置。图3是本例子的扭矩控制装置的框图,图4是扭矩图31,是扭矩(T)相对于车速(Vsp)的特性。图5表示校正系数(K)相对于受电线圈26与输电线圈16之间的距离(L)的特性。
如图3所示,扭矩控制装置具备扭矩图31、扭矩校正部32、加速踏板开度传感器33、车速传感器34、电池21、逆变器27、以及马达28。加速踏板开度传感器33是用于检测由驾驶员操作的加速踏板的开度(AP)的传感器。车速传感器34是用于检测车辆200的行驶速度(Vsp)的传感器。
扭矩图31和扭矩校正部32是EV控制器30的一部分,根据加速踏板开度(AP)和车速(Vsp)设定向逆变器27的扭矩指令值(`*)。在扭矩图31中,作为对应图而预先存储有图4所示那样的、加速踏板开度(AP)以及车速(Vsp)与扭矩(T)之间的对应关系。EV控制器30参照由加速踏板开度传感器33检测出的加速踏板开度(AP)以及由车速传感器34检测出的车速(Vsp)、该对应图来设定扭矩(T)。此外,在图4中,加速踏板开度(AP)最小时的扭矩特性表示蠕动(creep)的扭矩特性。
扭矩校正部32与受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置对应地校正扭矩(T)。经由通信部15和通信部25将由位置检测部14检测出的受电线圈26的位置信息发送到EV控制器30,由此由车辆200侧检测受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置。扭矩的校正系数(A)是预先设定的系数,如图5所示,是根据受电线圈26与输电线圈16在平面方向上的距离(L)确定的。在受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离(L)比预先设定的距离(Lc)长的情况下,校正系数(K)设定为1.0,在受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离(L)为预先设定的距离(Lc)以下的情况下,校正系数(K)设定为0.3。另外,扭矩校正部32将校正系数(K)乘以扭矩(T)来校正扭矩(T)。即,扭矩校正部32在受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离(L)比距离(Lc)长的情况下,不校正扭矩(T),在受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离(L)为距离(Lc)以下的情况下,进行校正。另外,EV控制器30将来自扭矩校正部32的输出扭矩作为扭矩指令值(T*)输入到逆变器27。逆变器27控制马达28使得与从EV控制器30输入的扭矩指令值一致。
接着,使用图1和图3~图5说明本例子的扭矩控制装置的控制内容。首先,车辆200为了通过本例子的非接触充电系统进行充电,在接近规定的停车位置时,EV控制器30控制通信部25,向充电装置100发送表示为了充电而停车的信号。在通过通信部15接收到该信号时,充电控制部13识别为了充电而车辆200接近规定的停车位置的情况,启动位置检测部14,周期地检测受电线圈26的位置。充电控制部23通过通信部15向车辆200侧发送由位置检测部14检测出的受电线圈26的位置信息。
EV控制器30根据从通信部15发送的受电线圈26的位置信息,检测受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的设置位置的相对位置。由于周期地发送位置信息,所以EV控制器30在车辆200的驱动过程中能够识别受电线圈26与输电线圈16以哪种程度地接近。另外,EV控制器30根据受电线圈26的位置信息,计算平面方向上的受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离(L)。
在车辆200的驱动过程中,EV控制器30根据车速和加速踏板开度,参照扭矩图31的对应图,设定扭矩(T)。在距离(L)比距离(Lc)大的情况下,受电线圈26的位置处于从输电线圈16的位置分离的位置,因此扭矩校正部32不校正扭矩(T),将该扭矩(T)设为扭矩指令值(T*)。在车辆200进一步接近规定的停车位置,距离(L)成为距离(Ls)以下的情况下,EV控制器30判定为受电线圈26的位置接近了输电线圈16的位置,通过扭矩校正部32校正扭矩(T),将比校正前的扭矩小的扭矩设为扭矩指令值(T*)。
即对于距离(L)比距离(Ls)长的情况和距离(L)为距离(Ls)以下的情况,在加速踏板开度(AP)相同时,在距离(L)为距离(Ls)以下的情况下马达28的驱动扭矩小。由此,在受电线圈26接近输电线圈16而距离(L)为距离(Ls)以下时,与加速踏板的踩踏量对应的车辆200的驱动扭矩小,因此能够提高车辆200的操作性,能够容易地进行输电线圈16相对于受电线圈26的位置配合。另外,换言之,本例子在受电线圈26接近输电线圈16而距离(L)成为距离(Ls)以下时,相对于加速踏板的踩踏量而加速踏板增益变小,减缓了加速踏板的响应性,因此能够提高车辆200的操作性,能够容易地进行输电线圈16相对于受电线圈26的位置配合。
另外,在利用蠕动而将车辆200停车在规定的停车位置的情况下,对于马达28的驱动扭矩,在距离(L)成为距离(Ls)以下时,将比距离(L)比距离(Ls)长的情况下的蠕动的扭矩小的扭矩设为扭矩指令值(T*)。由此,在受电线圈26接近输电线圈16而距离(L)成为距离(Ls)以下时,相对于蠕动时的扭矩的车辆200的驱动扭矩变小,因此能够提高车辆200的操作性,能够容易地进行输电线圈16相对于受电线圈26的位置配合。
接着,使用图6说明本例子的扭矩控制装置的控制步骤。图6是表示本例子的扭矩控制装置的控制步骤的流程图。此外,以规定的周期重复进行图6所示的步骤。
在步骤S1中,EV控制器30通过加速踏板开度传感器33检测加速踏板开度(AP),通过车速传感器34检测车速(Vsp)。在步骤S2中,EV控制器30根据检测出的加速踏板开度(AP)和车速(Vsp),参照存储在扭矩图31中的对应图,设定扭矩(T)。
在步骤S3中,EV控制器30判定车辆200是否接近了安装有本例子的非接触充电系统的停车位。对于该判定,既可以通过安装在车辆200的GPS功能根据车辆200的位置信息和该停车位的位置信息来判定,也可以根据由乘员发出的表示接近该停车位而将车辆200进行停车的操作来判定。然后,在判定为车辆200接近了该停车位的情况下,EV控制器30从通信部25向充电装置100发送表示车辆200接近了停车位的信号,充电控制部13通过通信部15接收该信号,通过位置检测部14检测受电线圈26的位置,从通信部15向车辆200发送受电线圈26的位置信息。然后,EV控制器30通过通信部25接收包含该位置信息的信号,检测受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置(步骤S4)。
在步骤S5中,EV控制器30根据受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置计算输电线圈16与受电线圈26的距离(L),对该距离(L)和预先设定的距离(Lc)进行比较。在距离(L)为距离(Lc)以下的情况下,EV控制器30对通过步骤S2设定的扭矩(T)进行校正。具体地说,EV控制器30通过将该扭矩(T)乘以图5所示那样的与距离(L)对应地设定的校正系数(K=0.3),来校正扭矩(T)。然后,在步骤S7中,EV控制器30将在步骤S6中校正后的扭矩作为扭矩指令值(T*)输入到逆变器27,控制马达28而驱动车辆200。
返回到步骤S3,在判定为车辆200没有接近该停车位的情况下,EV控制器30不进行步骤S4~步骤S6那样的线圈的位置检测、扭矩校正,转移到步骤S7。然后,在步骤S7中,EV控制器30将在步骤S2中设定的扭矩作为扭矩指令值(T*)输入到逆变器27,控制马达28而驱动车辆200。
返回到步骤S5,在距离(L)比距离(Lc)大的情况下,不进行步骤S6那样的扭矩校正,转移到步骤S7。然后,在步骤S7中,EV控制器30将在步骤S2中设定的扭矩作为扭矩指令值(T*)输入到逆变器27,控制马达28而驱动车辆200。
如上述那样,本例子根据受电线圈26的位置相对于输电线圈16的位置的相对位置,来对与加速踏板开度对应地设定的扭矩(T)进行校正,根据校正后的扭矩驱动车辆200。由此,当受电线圈26的位置与输电线圈16的位置接近时,对与加速踏板开度对应的扭矩进行校正使得驾驶员容易停车,由此能够容易地进行输电线圈16与受电线圈26的位置配合。
另外,本例子在输电线圈16与受电线圈26的距离(L)比规定的距离(Ls)短的情况下,对根据加速踏板开度设定的扭矩(T)进行校正,以校正后的扭矩来驱动车辆200。由此,在受电线圈26的位置与输电线圈16的位置接近时,对扭矩进行校正使得加速踏板的响应性变缓,因此停车位置的精度提高使得输电线圈16与受电线圈26的位置偏离减小,能够容易地进行输电线圈16与受电线圈26的位置配合。
另外,在本例子的非接触充电系统中,在车辆驱动过程中,在地上侧检测受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置,将包含检测出的位置的信号发送到车辆200侧,在车辆200侧根据包含在该信号中的该相对位置而校正扭矩来驱动车辆200,在车辆200停车后从地上侧的输电线圈16非接触地供给电力,通过车辆200侧的受电线圈26接收电力,对安装在车辆200的电池21进行充电。由此,当受电线圈26的位置与输电线圈16的位置接近时,对与加速踏板开度对应的扭矩进行校正使得驾驶员容易停车,因此能够容易地进行受电线圈26与输电线圈16的位置配合。另外,在停车后的充电中,输电线圈16与受电线圈26的位置偏离小,因此能够提高供电效率,能够谋求缩短充电时间。
此外,位置检测部14也可以通过拍摄车辆200的受电线圈26并分析拍摄图像,来检测受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置。另外,位置检测部14也可以在地上侧或车辆200侧的任意一方设置发送电波的发送用天线,在地上侧或车辆200侧的任意另一方设置接收电波的接收用天线,根据这些天线之间的电波的收发信号,检测受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置。另外,位置检测部14也可以通过从GPS系统取得车辆200的位置信息,来检测受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置。另外,位置检测部14也可以设置在车辆200。
另外,本例子的扭矩控制装置的扭矩校正不限于车辆200前进时的扭矩校正,也包含车辆200后退时的扭矩校正。
另外,本例子为了减小输电线圈16与受电线圈26的位置偏离,通过位置检测部14检测受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置,但也可以检测车辆200的位置相对于规定的停车位置的相对位置。即,上述的输电线圈16的位置与该规定的停车位置对应,上述的受电线圈26的位置与该车辆200的位置对应。
另外,本例子的扭矩控制装置不限于具备非接触充电系统的车辆200,也可以安装在具备车辆200的停车支持系统的车辆200。这时,位置检测部14检测车辆200位置相对于规定的停车位置的相对位置,EV控制器30与检测出的该相对位置对应地校正扭矩即可。
另外,位置检测部14也可以设置于车辆侧,检测输电线圈16的位置,由此检测受电线圈26相对于输电线圈16的相对位置。
另外,本例子的扭矩控制装置在使车辆停车时校正马达28的驱动扭矩,但也可以在使发动机驱动而车辆停车的情况下,与上述同样地校正发动机的扭矩。
上述的EV控制器30中的包含扭矩图31的控制部相当于本发明的“扭矩设定单元”,EV控制器30中的包含扭矩图31的控制部和逆变器27相当于本发明的“扭矩控制单元”,交流电源11、变换器12以及充电控制部13相当于“充电器”,位置检测部14相当于“位置检测单元”。
图7是本发明的其他实施方式涉及的包含扭矩控制装置的车辆200的停车位的说明图。在本例子中,对受电线圈26与输电线圈16之间的距离(L)的校正系数(K)的特性与上述第一实施方式不同。除此以外的结构与上述第一实施方式相同,因此引用其记载。
以下,使用图7和图8说明发明的其他实施方式的扭矩控制装置。图8表示针对受电线圈26与输电线圈16之间的距离(L)的校正系数(K)的特性。如图7所示,在设置地上侧的充电装置100的停车位300的地上,设置有输电线圈16。本例子的车辆200向图7的箭头的方向前进,停车到规定的停车位置。在此,将X轴设为车辆200的车宽方向,将Y设为车辆200的停车时的行进方向,将X轴和Y轴的交点设为输电线圈16的中心点。另外,对于Y轴的正负的符号,相对于输电线圈的中心点,将向停车位300的出入库口的方向(图7的上方)延伸的距离设为正的方向,相对于输电线圈的中心点,将向与停车位300的出入库口相反一侧的方向(图7的下方)延伸的距离设为负的方向。
EV控制器30根据从位置检测部14发送的受电线圈26的位置信息,计算停车位300的平面方向中的车辆200停车时的行进方向上的受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离(L)。然后,EV控制器30根据车速和加速踏板开度,参照扭矩图31的对应图设定扭矩(T),通过扭矩校正部32使用校正系数(K),与距离(L)对应地校正所设定的扭矩(T)。
对于由扭矩校正部32设定的校正系数(K),如图8所示,在受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离(L)比预先设定的距离(Y2)长的情况,或比预先设定的距离(-Y2)长的情况下,将校正系数(K)设定为1.0。另外,在受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离(L)比预先设定的距离(Y1)短的情况,或比预先设定的距离(-Y1)短的情况下,将校正系数(K)设定为0.3。另外,在受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离(L)为距离(Y1)以上并且距离(Y2)以下的情况下,校正系数(K)在从0.3到1.0的范围中与距离的增加成比例地增加。在受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离(L)为距离(-Y1)以上并且距离(-Y2)以下的情况下,校正系数(K)在从0.3到1.0的范围中与距离的减少成比例地减少。
由此,在距离(L)比距离(Y2)长的情况下,受电线圈26的位置处于从输电线圈16的位置分离的位置,因此EV控制器30不通过扭矩校正部32校正扭矩(T),而将扭矩(T)设为扭矩指令值(T*)。在车辆200进一步接近输电线圈16,距离(L)成为距离(Y2)以下时,EV控制器30随着距离(L)变短而减小校正系数(K),对扭矩(T)进行校正使得逐渐减小扭矩指令值(T*)。进而,在受电线圈26的位置接近输电线圈16的位置,距离(L)成为距离(Y1)以下时,EV控制器30将校正系数设为固定的值(K=0.3)而对扭矩(T)进行校正。
另外,在本例子中,在受电线圈26超过输电线圈16的位置而将车辆200停车,驱动车辆200使得受电线圈26的位置返回到输电线圈16的位置时,也进行以上那样的扭矩控制。即,在距离(L)比距离(-Y2)大的情况下,受电线圈26的位置从输电线圈16的位置相当远地分离,因此EV控制器30不通过扭矩校正部32对扭矩进行校正,而将扭矩(T)设为扭矩指令值(T*)。然后,在受电线圈26逐渐接近输电线圈16,距离(L)成为(-Y2)以下时,EV控制器30随着距离(L)减小,而减小校正系数(K),对扭矩(T)进行校正使得逐渐减小扭矩指令值(T*)。进而,在受电线圈26的位置接近输电线圈16的位置,距离(L)成为距离(-Y1)以下时,EV控制器30将校正系数设为固定的值(K=0.3)而对扭矩(T)进行校正。
如上述那样,本例子在输电线圈16的位置与受电线圈26的位置在车辆200停车时的行进方向上的距离比规定的距离(Y2或-Y2)越短,则进行校正使扭矩(T)越短。由此,在受电线圈26的位置与输电线圈16的位置接近时,逐渐校正扭矩使得加速踏板的响应性逐渐变缓,因此输电线圈16的位置与受电线圈26的位置偏离减小,停车的位置的精度提高,能够容易地进行输电线圈16与受电线圈26的位置配合。
此外,本例子的扭矩控制装置在受电线圈26的位置与输电线圈16的位置之间计算车辆200停车时的行进方向(图7的Y轴方向)的成分作为距离(L)而进行上述的扭矩控制,但也可以计算车辆200的车宽方向(图7的X轴方向)的成分作为距离(L)而进行上述的扭矩控制。另外,EV控制器30也可以在受电线圈26的位置与输电线圈16的位置之间计算停车位的平面方向上的距离作为距离(L)而进行上述的扭矩控制。进而,EV控制器30还可以不只是停车位的平面方向的成分,而还包含与停车位的平面方向垂直的方向(图2a和图2b的Z方向)的成分地,将受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离(L)设为距离(L),进行上述的扭矩控制。
另外,本例子的扭矩控制装置也可以随着相对于受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离(L)变得比规定的距离短的时刻的经过时间,逐渐最大校正系数(K),而进行校正使得扭矩(T)变小。在将车辆200向规定的停车位置驱动的情况下,随着时间的经过而受电线圈26与输电线圈16的距离变短,因此在本例子中,预先将规定的距离设定为阈值,与相对于距离(L)变得比该规定的距离短的时刻的经过时间对应地对扭矩(T)进行校正。由此,在受电线圈26的位置与输电线圈16的位置接近时,对扭矩进行校正使得加速踏板的响应性变缓,因此停车的位置的精度提高使得受电线圈26与输电线圈16的位置偏离减小,能够容易地进行受电线圈26与输电线圈16的位置配合。
Claims (7)
1.一种扭矩控制装置,具备:
受电线圈,其至少通过磁耦合而非接触地接收来自输电线圈的电力;
加速踏板开度检测单元,其检测加速踏板开度;
扭矩设定单元,其基于由上述加速踏板开度检测单元检测出的加速踏板开度,来设定驱动车辆的扭矩;以及
扭矩控制单元,其当上述车辆的位置接近规定的停车位置且平面方向上的上述受电线圈与上述输电线圈的距离为规定的距离以下时,以与加速踏板的踩踏量对应的车辆的驱动扭矩相对地变小的方式对由上述扭矩设定单元设定的扭矩进行校正,并以校正后的扭矩来驱动车辆,
其中,上述规定的停车位置对应于上述输电线圈的位置,上述车辆的位置对应于上述受电线圈的位置。
2.一种扭矩控制装置,其特征在于,具备
加速踏板开度检测单元,其检测加速踏板开度;
扭矩设定单元,其基于由上述加速踏板开度检测单元检测出的加速踏板开度,来设定驱动车辆的扭矩;以及
扭矩控制单元,其基于使上述车辆的位置接近规定的停车位置地将上述车辆停车的操作,在上述车辆的位置与上述规定的停车位置的距离为规定的距离以下时,以与加速踏板的踩踏量对应的车辆的驱动扭矩相对地变小的方式对由上述扭矩设定单元设定的扭矩进行校正,并以校正后的扭矩来驱动车辆。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的扭矩控制装置,其特征在于,
上述扭矩控制单元以如下方式进行校正:上述规定的停车位置与上述车辆的位置在上述车辆停车时的行进方向上的距离比规定的距离越短,则使由上述扭矩设定单元设定的扭矩越小。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的扭矩控制装置,其特征在于,
上述扭矩控制单元以如下方式进行校正:上述规定的停车位置与上述车辆的位置的距离比规定的距离越短,则使由上述扭矩设定单元设定的扭矩越小。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的扭矩控制装置,其特征在于,
上述扭矩控制单元以如下方式进行校正:随着从上述规定的停车位置与上述车辆的位置的距离变得比规定的距离短的时刻起的经过时间,使由上述扭矩设定单元设定的扭矩减小。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的扭矩控制装置,其特征在于,
还具备位置检测单元,该位置检测单元检测上述车辆的位置相对于上述规定的停车位置的相对位置。
7.一种非接触充电系统,其在设置于车辆的受电线圈与设置于地上侧的充电装置的输电线圈之间至少通过磁耦合而非接触地供电,其中,
上述充电装置具备:充电器,其向上述输电线圈供给电力;位置检测单元,其检测上述受电线圈相对于上述输电线圈的相对位置;发送单元,其发送包含由上述位置检测单元检测出的位置的信号,
上述车辆具备:电池,利用由上述受电线圈接收的电力对该电池充电;加速踏板开度检测单元,其检测加速踏板开度;扭矩设定单元,其基于由上述加速踏板开度检测单元检测出的加速踏板开度,来设定驱动上述车辆的扭矩;接收单元,其接收从上述发送单元发送的信号;扭矩控制单元,其根据由上述接收单元接收到的信号来检测上述受电线圈的位置相对于上述输电线圈的位置的相对位置,当上述受电线圈的位置接近上述输电线圈的位置且平面方向上的上述受电线圈与上述输电线圈的距离为规定的距离以下时,以与加速踏板的踩踏量对应的车辆的驱动扭矩相对地变小的方式对由上述扭矩设定单元设定的扭矩进行校正,并以校正后的扭矩来驱动上述车辆。
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