CN103489895B - 一种沟槽超结半导体装置 - Google Patents

一种沟槽超结半导体装置 Download PDF

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CN103489895B
CN103489895B CN201210203620.6A CN201210203620A CN103489895B CN 103489895 B CN103489895 B CN 103489895B CN 201210203620 A CN201210203620 A CN 201210203620A CN 103489895 B CN103489895 B CN 103489895B
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朱江
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Qingdao Huike Microelectronics Co ltd
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    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/86Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched
    • H01L29/861Diodes
    • H01L29/872Schottky diodes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
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    • H01L29/0611Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices
    • H01L29/0615Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by their shape; characterised by the shapes, relative sizes, or dispositions of the semiconductor regions ; characterised by the concentration or distribution of impurities within semiconductor regions characterised by particular constructional design considerations, e.g. for preventing surface leakage, for controlling electric field concentration or for internal isolations regions for preventing surface leakage or controlling electric field concentration for increasing or controlling the breakdown voltage of reverse biased devices by the doping profile or the shape or the arrangement of the PN junction, or with supplementary regions, e.g. junction termination extension [JTE]
    • H01L29/063Reduced surface field [RESURF] pn-junction structures
    • H01L29/0634Multiple reduced surface field (multi-RESURF) structures, e.g. double RESURF, charge compensation, cool, superjunction (SJ), 3D-RESURF, composite buffer (CB) structures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66007Multistep manufacturing processes
    • H01L29/66075Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
    • H01L29/66083Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by variation of the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to one or more of the electrodes carrying the current to be rectified, amplified, oscillated or switched, e.g. two-terminal devices
    • H01L29/6609Diodes
    • H01L29/66143Schottky diodes

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种沟槽超结半导体装置,将超结结构引入具有绝缘层隔离的沟槽中,同时在沟槽内上部设置了PN结,使得半导体装置具有单载流子导电功能,因此具有良好高频特性;本发明还提供了一种沟槽半导体装置的制备方法。

Description

一种沟槽超结半导体装置
技术领域
本发明涉及到一种沟槽超结半导体装置,本发明还涉及一种沟槽超结半导体装置的制备方法。本发明的半导体装置是制造功率整流器件的基本结构。
背景技术
功率半导体器件被大量使用在电源管理和电源应用上,功率半导体器件中最基本的结构为半导体结,半导体结包括了PN结和肖特基势垒结;降低半导体结的导通电阻和开启压降是功率半导体器件发展的重要趋势。
传统的高压单载流子半导体器件,其导通电阻随器件反向阻断电压的升高快速上升,使得器件具有较高的正向导通压降;为了解决此问题,人们提出过超结、界面电荷补偿等结构实现降低高压半导体器件的导通电阻。
发明内容
本发明针对上述问题提出,在超结结构基础上,提供一种沟槽超结半导体装置及其制备方法。
一种沟槽超结半导体装置,其特征在于:包括:衬底层,为半导体材料构成;漂移层,为第一导电半导体材料构成,位于衬底层之上;多个沟槽,沟槽位于漂移层中,沟槽侧壁有绝缘材料层,沟槽内下部设置有第二导电半导体材料,沟槽内上部设置有第一导电半导体材料;半导体结,为PN结或肖特基势垒结,位于沟槽之间漂移层表面。
一种沟槽超结半导体装置的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:在衬底层表面形成第一导电半导体材料层,然后在表面形成绝缘层;进行光刻腐蚀工艺去除表面部分绝缘层,然后刻蚀裸露半导体材料形成沟槽,沟槽内形成绝缘层,干法刻蚀绝缘材料;淀积第二导电半导体材料,进行反刻蚀,进行第一导电杂质掺杂扩散;淀积金属进行烧结形成肖特基势垒结,或者在沟槽之间漂移层表面进行第二导电杂质掺杂扩散。
当半导体装置接一定的正向偏压(假定第一导电半导体材料为N型半导体材料)时,导通电流主要从沟槽之间的漂移层表面半导体结流通,在沟槽内为反偏PN结,不参与正向电流的导通;如半导体结为肖特基势垒结或者半导体装置应用MOS器件(沟槽内上部第一导电半导体材料为栅极),半导体装置为单载流子导电,因此具有良好高频特性。
当半导体装置接一定的反向偏压时,沟槽内下部第二导电半导体材料与沟槽之间第一导电半导体材料在反向偏压下形成电荷补偿,可以提高半导体装置反向阻断能力。
另外本发明还提供了一种沟槽超结半导体装置的制备方法。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种沟槽超结肖特基半导体装置剖面示意图;
图2为本发明的一种沟槽超结肖特基半导体装置剖面示意图;
图3为本发明的一种沟槽超结肖特基半导体装置剖面示意图;
图4为本发明的一种沟槽超结MOS半导体装置剖面示意图。
其中,
1、衬底层;
2、二氧化硅;
3、第一导电半导体材料;
4、第二导电半导体材料;
5、多晶第一导电半导体材料;
6、肖特基势垒结;
7、漂移层;
8、体区;
9、源区;
10、上表面金属层;
11、下表面金属层。
具体实施方式
实施例1
图1为本发明的一种沟槽超结肖特基半导体装置剖面示意图,下面结合图1详细说明本发明的半导体装置。
一种沟槽超结肖特基半导体装置,包括:衬底层1,为N导电类型半导体硅材料,磷原子的掺杂浓度为1E19/CM3;第一导电半导体材料3,位于衬底层1之上,为N传导类型的半导体硅材料,磷原子的掺杂浓度为1E16/CM3;二氧化硅2,位于沟槽侧壁;第一导电半导体材料4,位于沟槽内下部,为P传导类型的半导体硅材料,磷原子的掺杂浓度为1E16/CM3,其上部为高浓度杂质掺杂的第一导电半导体材料3;肖特基势垒结6,位于沟槽之间的第一导电半导体材料3的表面。
其制作工艺包括如下步骤:
第一步,在衬底层1表面形成第一导电半导体材料层3,然后表面热氧化,形成二氧化硅;
第二步,进行光刻腐蚀工艺,半导体材料表面去除部分二氧化硅,然后刻蚀去除部分裸露半导体硅材料形成沟槽,沟槽内热氧化形成二氧化硅2,干法刻蚀;
第三步,在沟槽内淀积形成第二导电半导体材料层4,反刻蚀,进行磷注入退火掺杂;
第四步,干法刻蚀表面二氧化硅,淀积势垒金属,烧结形成肖特基势垒结6;
第五步,进行正背面金属化工艺,形成上表面金属层10和下表面金属层11,器件结构如图1所示。
图2为本发明的一种沟槽超结肖特基半导体装置的剖面图,是在图1基础上,将金属引入沟槽内,以此降低器件反向偏压时肖特基势垒结的表面电场强度。
图3为本发明的一种沟槽超结肖特基半导体装置的剖面图,是在图1基础上,将金属引入沟槽内,同时在沟槽侧壁上部表面设置了肖特基势垒结。
实施例2
图4示出了为本发明的一种沟槽超结MOS半导体装置剖面示意图,下面结合图4详细说明通过本发明的半导体装置制造功率MOSFET器件。
本发明的一种沟槽超结MOS半导体装置包括:衬底层1,为N导电类型半导体硅材料,磷原子掺杂浓度为1E19CM-3;漂移层7,位于衬底层1之上,为N传导类型的半导体硅材料,磷原子掺杂浓度为1E16CM-3,厚度为38um;体区8,位于漂移层7之上,为P传导类型的半导体材料,体区8的表面具有硼原子重掺杂接触区,体区8厚度为4um;源区9,临靠沟槽和体区8,为磷原子重掺杂N传导类型的半导体材料,源区9厚度为1.5um;二氧化硅2,为硅材料的氧化物,位于沟槽侧壁;第二导电半导体材料4,位于沟槽内下部,为P传导类型的半导体硅材料,磷原子掺杂浓度为1E16CM-3;多晶第一导电半导体材料5,位于沟槽上部为器件引入栅极。
本实施例的工艺制造流程如下:
第一步,在衬底层1上通过外延生产形成漂移层7;
第二步,在表面热氧化形成氧化层,在待形成沟槽区域表面去除氧化层;
第三步,进行硼扩散,形成体区8,然后进行磷扩散,形成源区9;
第四步,进行干法刻蚀,去除半导体材料,形成沟槽,沟槽内热氧化形成二氧化硅2,干法刻蚀;
第五步,在沟槽内淀积形成第二导电半导体材料4;
第六步,干法刻蚀,去除部分第二导电半导体材料4,在沟槽内淀积形成多晶第一导电半导体材料5,进行多晶第一导电半导体材料5反刻蚀;
第七步,在器件表面形成钝化层,然后去除器件表面部分钝化层,如图4所示。
然后在此基础上,淀积金属铝,然后反刻铝,为器件引出源极和栅极。通过背面金属化工艺为器件引出漏极。
通过上述实例阐述了本发明,同时也可以采用其它实例实现本发明,本发明不局限于上述具体实例,因此本发明由所附权利要求范围限定。

Claims (1)

1.一种沟槽超结半导体装置,其特征在于:包括:
衬底层,为半导体材料构成;
漂移层,为第一导电半导体材料构成,位于衬底层之上;
体区,位于漂移层之上,为第二导电半导体材料,体区表面具有重掺杂接触区;多个
沟槽,沟槽位于漂移层和体区中,沟槽侧壁全部设置有绝缘材料层,沟槽底部无绝缘材料层,沟槽内下部设置有第二导电半导体材料,沟槽底部第二导电半导体材料和漂移层接触,沟槽内上部设置有多晶第一导电半导体材料作为栅极;
源区,临靠沟槽和体区,为杂质重掺杂第一导电半导体材料;
半导体结,为PN结,位于沟槽之间漂移层表面,由漂移层半导体和体区构成。
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