CN103460947A - Middle-to-later-period pumpkin cultivation method - Google Patents
Middle-to-later-period pumpkin cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103460947A CN103460947A CN 201310432431 CN201310432431A CN103460947A CN 103460947 A CN103460947 A CN 103460947A CN 201310432431 CN201310432431 CN 201310432431 CN 201310432431 A CN201310432431 A CN 201310432431A CN 103460947 A CN103460947 A CN 103460947A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a middle-to-later-period pumpkin cultivation method. The method is characterized in that (1) according to moisture, water controlling, square-cutting, displacement and seedling hoarding are performed in a seedling stage; (2) according to seeds and planting density, northern seeds which are small in quantity of bacteria, full, and high in cold resistance are selected; (3) the day temperature is 20 to 25 DEG C, the temperature of the first half of the night is 16 to 17 DEG C, and the temperature of the second half of the night is 6 to 10 DEG C; (4) according to gas, a carbon fertilizer is mainly applied to the field; (5) a purple polyethylene film is selected for overwintering, the film is high in light transmittance and heat preservation in a cold season, the yield of the films before April is high, and a green polyethylene film and a white polyethylene film are adopted in early spring and late autumn; (6) in order to realize lighting balance, the film is wiped, and a reflective curtain and a pendent lamp are hung on a rear wall for light supplementation in winter, and muddy water is poured to the house surface and is used for blocking light and cooling; (7) zinc and silicon are supplemented on the leaf surfaces so as to prevent virus diseases; (8) ecological insect prevention is realized by applying biological germ or a Chinese herbal medicine agent during digestion, and a poison bait is prepared by fried wheat bran, trichlorfon, sugar and vinegar in a proportion of 5:1:1:1 and is used for trapping and killing soil insects. The method is lower in early investment and better in later economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of field pumpkin cultivation, especially a kind of method of custard squash middle and later periods cultivation.
Background technology
Custom thinks, temperature height custard squash is looked soon, and plant is prosperous, and growing way is good.In fact, the temperature coca must be shallow, nourished and grew prosperous, must affect the knot melon, causes the excessive growth of custard squash seedling, changes melon, the viral disease of easily catching an illness.Do not focus on executing the carbon containing fertilizer such as cow dung, stalk, only focus on executing chicken manure, the often underproduction 50% left and right.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for a kind of custard squash middle and later periods cultivation, not only custard squash is looked soon, and plant is prosperous, and growing way is good, and the custard squash seedling avoids excessive growth, change melon, the easy viral disease of catching an illness, and correspondingly increases economic efficiency.
Technical scheme of the present invention is being:
The method of this custard squash middle and later periods cultivation consists of following steps:
1. moisture: control the displacement of water butt seedling stage and store up seedling; Control water restraining the growth of seedlings after field planting, the dark root of short bundle; Fruiting period waters little water, should select microspray irrigation, ground meet personally dry see wet, the wet control of control water control seedling, melon is urged in diseases prevention; Cultivate dark root and downgrade rice shoot; Prevent that arid freeze injury and ponding anoxic from macerating root and the dead seedling of catching an illness;
2. seed and planting density: the seed of selecting the north to produce, germ is few, full seed, cold resistance is strong; Seedling is strong, strong stress resistance, and output is high, shapeliness; Eliminate flat seed, broken seed and the seed that carries disease germs; The sparse branching priming leaf, ventilation and penetrating light, single plant yield is high, quality and profitable; Plant estate agent's 1100 strains for every 667 square metres, or beautiful 1600 strains of winter, or early blue or green 1800 strains; Winter survival in greenhouse cultivation should thin planting, and early spring, more the summer cultivation should be closeer; Sparse branching is dredged leaf, not sunshade mutually; Not crowded clump is long, and leaf is climing not to overgrow, and there is no invalid leaf and dead leaf; Prevent dense planting, strain is prosperous, disease is many, fruit yield is low;
3. temperature: day temperature keeps 20 ℃～25 ℃, 17 ℃～16 ℃ of before midnights, 6 ℃～10 ℃ of the time after midnight; Normal Pollination Fertilization, seedling is moderate, and melon is many and growth is fast; Guard against excess Temperature and excessive growth, change melon; Temperature is too low to be ossify seedling and is subject to freeze injury and catches an illness;
4. gas: Tian Wenzhu executes carbon element fertilizer (dry straw carbon containing 45%, cow dung carbon containing 26%, humic acid fertilizer carbon containing 30%～54%), produces carbonic acid gas under the useful microbial inoculum effects such as EM, CM, amount of increase in production 30%～80%; Prevent that ammonia, sulphur dioxide, anthracemia from catching an illness;
5. film: the stubble of surviving the winter should be selected polyethylene purple light film, this film cold season transparent heat insulating high, before April, output is high; Early spring, the autumns of prolonging two effect polyethylene green and white films; Day and night temperature is large, the plant root is dark, climing short, fruit is large, amount of increase in production is 25%～30%; Must guard against with the high temperature polychloroethylene film, in the cultivation of early spring, the autumn of prolonging, cover in the warm nature custard squash, in order to avoid burn blade or excessive growth; ;
6. illumination balance: wipe film, rear wall winter and hang Reflecting curtain and pendent lamp light filling sprinkle the muddy water cooling of being in the light summer on the canopy face; The custard squash suitable illumination is 10,000～40,000 to strangle, and area, south, Shanxi illuminance in 6～July is the strongest, is 100,000 to strangle; Increase production 34% left and right; Note be sure not excessive shading with sunshade net summer, in order to avoid climing excessive growth under the low light level; To take off the net light filling when light is weak;
7. diseases prevention: blade face zinc supplementation, silicon, in case the viral disease of curing the disease; Execute potassium, boron, with the control fungal disease; Spray copper, calcium element, with the control bacterial disease; The spray beneficial bacterium, to decompose and balanced nutrients, with bacterium gram bacterium; To slight disease copper sulphate and each 50 grams of soap, copper sulphate and each 50 grams of carbon ammonium for the moderate disease, for the severe disease, copper sulphate 50 grams, quicklime 40 grams, melt respectively, and the container of falling people, spray blade backs, effect excellence to 14 liters, water simultaneously; , coordinate to shorten the time of 15 ℃～21 ℃ of temperature simultaneously, control the germ genesis, wet down, the pre-disease prevention of anti-arid; The extra-nutrition preventable disease is antibacterial, improves plant resistance to environment stress; Complementary element is inexcessive, in order to avoid produce antagonism, or make permeability bad, and weak effect; Biological agent does not mix and uses with copper agent;
9. ecological insect protected: execute biological bacteria or herbal mediciment insect protected while macerating excrement; Make the period poison bait soil insect by frying fragrant wheat bran, chlorophos, sugar, vinegar in the 5:1:1:1 ratio; With the bulb adhesive film, catch and kill or the methods such as pharmacy fumigation, yellow plate trapping are eliminated in greenhouses and flown insect; Without worm, plant, without wound, be anosis viral disease; Protection earthworm and natural enemy, forbid watering chemical highly toxic pesticide with water.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
This invention is a kind of method of custard squash middle and later periods cultivation; Not only custard squash is looked soon, and plant is prosperous, and growing way is good, and the custard squash seedling is avoided excessive growth, changed melon, the viral disease of easily catching an illness, and correspondingly increases economic efficiency.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
Control the displacement of water butt [moisture] seedling stage and store up seedling; Control water restraining the growth of seedlings after field planting, the dark root of short bundle; Fruiting period waters little water, should select microspray irrigation, ground meet personally dry see wet, the wet control of control water control seedling, melon is urged in diseases prevention.Cultivate dark root and downgrade rice shoot.Prevent that arid freeze injury and ponding anoxic from macerating root and catching an illness dead seedling.
The seed that [seed and planting density] selects the north to produce, germ is few, full seed, cold resistance is strong.Seedling is strong, strong stress resistance, and output is high, shapeliness.Eliminate flat seed, broken seed and the seed that carries disease germs.The sparse branching priming leaf, ventilation and penetrating light, single plant yield is high, quality and profitable.Plant estate agent's 1100 strains for every 667 square metres, or beautiful 1600 strains of winter, or early blue or green 1800 strains.Winter survival in greenhouse cultivation should thin planting, and early spring, more the summer cultivation should be closeer.Sparse branching is dredged leaf, not sunshade mutually; Not crowded clump is long, and leaf is climing not to overgrow, and there is no invalid leaf and dead leaf.Prevent dense planting, strain is prosperous, disease is many, fruit yield is low.
[temperature] day temperature keeps 20 ℃～25 ℃, 17 ℃～16 ℃ of before midnights, 6 ℃～10 ℃ of the time after midnight.Normal Pollination Fertilization, seedling is moderate, and melon is many and growth is fast.Guard against excess Temperature and excessive growth, change melon; Temperature is too low to be ossify seedling and is subject to freeze injury and catches an illness.
[gas] Tian Wenzhu executes carbon element fertilizer (dry straw carbon containing 45%, cow dung carbon containing 26%, humic acid fertilizer carbon containing 30%～54%), produces carbonic acid gas under the useful microbial inoculum effects such as EM, CM, amount of increase in production 30%～80%.Prevent that ammonia, sulphur dioxide, anthracemia from catching an illness.
[film] survive the winter the stubble should select polyethylene purple light film, this film cold season transparent heat insulating high, before April, output is high; Early spring, the autumns of prolonging two effect polyethylene green and white films.Day and night temperature is large, the plant root is dark, climing short, fruit is large, amount of increase in production is 25%～30%.Must guard against with the high temperature polychloroethylene film, in the cultivation of early spring, the autumn of prolonging, cover in the warm nature custard squash, in order to avoid burn blade or excessive growth.[illumination balance] wiped film, rear wall winter and hung Reflecting curtain and pendent lamp light filling sprinkle the muddy water cooling of being in the light summer on the canopy face.The custard squash suitable illumination is 10,000～40,000 to strangle, and area, south, Shanxi illuminance in 6～July is the strongest, is 100,000 to strangle.Increase production 34% left and right.Note be sure not excessive shading with sunshade net summer, in order to avoid climing excessive growth under the low light level; To take off the net light filling when light is weak.
[diseases prevention] blade face zinc supplementation, silicon, in case the viral disease of curing the disease; Execute potassium, boron, with the control fungal disease; Spray copper, calcium element, with the control bacterial disease; The spray beneficial bacterium, to decompose and balanced nutrients, with bacterium gram bacterium.To slight disease copper sulphate and each 50 grams of soap, copper sulphate and each 50 grams of carbon ammonium for the moderate disease, for the severe disease, copper sulphate 50 grams, quicklime 40 grams, melt respectively, and the container of falling people, spray blade backs, effect excellence to 14 liters, water simultaneously; , coordinate to shorten the time of 15 ℃～21 ℃ of temperature simultaneously, control the germ genesis, wet down, the pre-disease prevention of anti-arid.The extra-nutrition preventable disease is antibacterial, improves plant resistance to environment stress.Complementary element is inexcessive, in order to avoid produce antagonism, or make permeability bad, and weak effect.Biological agent does not mix and uses with copper agent.
[ecological insect protected] executes biological bacteria or herbal mediciment insect protected while macerating excrement.Make the period poison bait soil insect by frying fragrant wheat bran, chlorophos, sugar, vinegar in the 5:1:1:1 ratio; With the bulb adhesive film, catch and kill or the methods such as pharmacy fumigation, yellow plate trapping are eliminated in greenhouses and flown insect.Without worm, plant, without wound, be anosis viral disease.Protection earthworm and natural enemy, forbid watering chemical highly toxic pesticide with water.
Claims (1)
1. the method for custard squash middle and later periods cultivation, its feature consists of following steps:
1. moisture: control the displacement of water butt seedling stage and store up seedling; Control water restraining the growth of seedlings after field planting, the dark root of short bundle; Fruiting period waters little water, should select microspray irrigation, ground meet personally dry see wet, the wet control of control water control seedling, melon is urged in diseases prevention; Cultivate dark root and downgrade rice shoot; Prevent that arid freeze injury and ponding anoxic from macerating root and the dead seedling of catching an illness;
2. seed and planting density: the seed of selecting the north to produce, germ is few, full seed, cold resistance is strong; Seedling is strong, strong stress resistance, and output is high, shapeliness; Eliminate flat seed, broken seed and the seed that carries disease germs; The sparse branching priming leaf, ventilation and penetrating light, single plant yield is high, quality and profitable; Plant estate agent's 1100 strains for every 667 square metres, or beautiful 1600 strains of winter, or early blue or green 1800 strains; Winter survival in greenhouse cultivation should thin planting, and early spring, more the summer cultivation should be closeer; Sparse branching is dredged leaf, not sunshade mutually; Not crowded clump is long, and leaf is climing not to overgrow, and there is no invalid leaf and dead leaf; Prevent dense planting, strain is prosperous, disease is many, fruit yield is low;
3. temperature: day temperature keeps 20 ℃～25 ℃, 17 ℃～16 ℃ of before midnights, 6 ℃～10 ℃ of the time after midnight; Normal Pollination Fertilization, seedling is moderate, and melon is many and growth is fast; Guard against excess Temperature and excessive growth, change melon; Temperature is too low to be ossify seedling and is subject to freeze injury and catches an illness;
4. gas: Tian Wenzhu executes carbon element fertilizer (dry straw carbon containing 45%, cow dung carbon containing 26%, humic acid fertilizer carbon containing 30%～54%), produces carbonic acid gas under the useful microbial inoculum effects such as EM, CM, amount of increase in production 30%～80%; Prevent that ammonia, sulphur dioxide, anthracemia from catching an illness;
5. film: the stubble of surviving the winter should be selected polyethylene purple light film, this film cold season transparent heat insulating high, before April, output is high; Early spring, the autumns of prolonging two effect polyethylene green and white films; Day and night temperature is large, the plant root is dark, climing short, fruit is large, amount of increase in production is 25%～30%; Must guard against with the high temperature polychloroethylene film, in the cultivation of early spring, the autumn of prolonging, cover in the warm nature custard squash, in order to avoid burn blade or excessive growth; ;
6. illumination balance: wipe film, rear wall winter and hang Reflecting curtain and pendent lamp light filling sprinkle the muddy water cooling of being in the light summer on the canopy face; The custard squash suitable illumination is 10,000～40,000 to strangle, and area, south, Shanxi illuminance in 6～July is the strongest, is 100,000 to strangle; Increase production 34% left and right; Note be sure not excessive shading with sunshade net summer, in order to avoid climing excessive growth under the low light level; To take off the net light filling when light is weak;
7. diseases prevention: blade face zinc supplementation, silicon, in case the viral disease of curing the disease; Execute potassium, boron, with the control fungal disease; Spray copper, calcium element, with the control bacterial disease; The spray beneficial bacterium, to decompose and balanced nutrients, with bacterium gram bacterium; To slight disease copper sulphate and each 50 grams of soap, copper sulphate and each 50 grams of carbon ammonium for the moderate disease, for the severe disease, copper sulphate 50 grams, quicklime 40 grams, melt respectively, and the container of falling people, spray blade backs, effect excellence to 14 liters, water simultaneously; , coordinate to shorten the time of 15 ℃～21 ℃ of temperature simultaneously, control the germ genesis, wet down, the pre-disease prevention of anti-arid; The extra-nutrition preventable disease is antibacterial, improves plant resistance to environment stress; Complementary element is inexcessive, in order to avoid produce antagonism, or make permeability bad, and weak effect; Biological agent does not mix and uses with copper agent;
9. ecological insect protected: execute biological bacteria or herbal mediciment insect protected while macerating excrement; Make the period poison bait soil insect by frying fragrant wheat bran, chlorophos, sugar, vinegar in the 5:1:1:1 ratio; With the bulb adhesive film, catch and kill or the methods such as pharmacy fumigation, yellow plate trapping are eliminated in greenhouses and flown insect; Without worm, plant, without wound, be anosis viral disease; Protection earthworm and natural enemy, forbid watering chemical highly toxic pesticide with water.
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| CN 201310432431 CN103460947A (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2013-09-23 | Middle-to-later-period pumpkin cultivation method |
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| CN 201310432431 CN103460947A (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2013-09-23 | Middle-to-later-period pumpkin cultivation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103798023A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-21 | 和县常久农业发展有限公司 | Method for growing cucurbita pepo |
| CN105557235A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-05-11 | 中国种子集团有限公司 | Method for producing organic Cucurbita pepo by using winter protected area |
-
2013
- 2013-09-23 CN CN 201310432431 patent/CN103460947A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103798023A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-21 | 和县常久农业发展有限公司 | Method for growing cucurbita pepo |
| CN103798023B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2016-06-08 | 和县常久农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Cucurbita pepo L. |
| CN105557235A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-05-11 | 中国种子集团有限公司 | Method for producing organic Cucurbita pepo by using winter protected area |
| CN105557235B (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2019-04-12 | 中国种子集团有限公司 | Utilize the method for the organic cucurbita pepo of winter Protected production |
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Application publication date: 20131225 |