CN103430761A - Method for increasing seedling survival rate of mucuna sempervirens - Google Patents
Method for increasing seedling survival rate of mucuna sempervirens Download PDFInfo
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- CN103430761A CN103430761A CN2013104128315A CN201310412831A CN103430761A CN 103430761 A CN103430761 A CN 103430761A CN 2013104128315 A CN2013104128315 A CN 2013104128315A CN 201310412831 A CN201310412831 A CN 201310412831A CN 103430761 A CN103430761 A CN 103430761A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for increasing the seedling survival rate of mucuna sempervirens, belonging to the field of plant breeding. The method comprises the steps of collecting seeds in the last ten-day period of October, storing in sand at normal temperature; soaking the seeds in clear water, selecting the seeds sinking to the bottom, removing seeds floating on the water; soaking the seeds selected through cleaning; soaking for 2h by using 0.5 percent potassium permanganate; forming a hole in the just middle part of the hilum on the side surface of each seed by splitting; flatly laying the treated seeds on a wet cotton gauge for carrying out seed stratification; peeling seed coats of the germinated seeds; when the seeds are sown, setting up an overshadowing shed in a sowing land. According to the method, the seeds are germinated through steps of seed soaking, disinfecting, cleaning, germination accelerating and the like, thus the germination period is shortened, and the purposes of aligning and strengthening of seedlings, high bud ratio and high survival rate of transplanting are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the breeding plant field, in particular to a kind of method that improves evergreen mucuna stem sowing survival rate.
Background technology
Evergreen mucuna stem, be the evergreen wooden large liana of pulse family Mucuna, and cane is sturdy, more than stem length can reach 30m.The pinniform trifoliolate leaf, alternate, keratin, terminal leaflet ovum shape ellipse, the adnation leaflet is tiltedly avette, full edge.The florescence 4-5 month, spend large butterfly, darkviolet.Being suitable for seeking connections with building, enclosure wall, abrupt slope, crag etc. and locating growth, is the good liane of vertical greening.
Along with the development of China's vertical greening cause, day by day vigorous to the demand of good Climbing Plant.But at present the whole nation only has some enterprises of only a few to carry out the breeding work of Climbing Plant, it is required that its output far away can not satisfying the market.Evergreen mucuna stem is evergreen with its four seasons, it is numerous and beautiful to spend, and rapidly, covering the advantage such as close becomes one of first-selected plant of vertical greening in growth.At present conventional seed propagation method bud ratio is often below 20%, and generally needs, more than 3 months, waste a large amount of human and material resources and time from being seeded into to sprout, and seriously restricted the extensive use of these fine tree species.
Existing evergreen mucuna stem has the modes such as wet Tibetan, directly sowing, refrigeration.Find that according to retrieval He Zheng Die discloses evergreen mucuna stem seed propagation technology in 2004 in its Master's thesis " the seedling breeding technology of evergreen mucuna stem and raw material application study ", comprise the following steps: the seed of evergreen mucuna stem is germinateed after adopting, average germination percentage is 40.56%, and high germination rate is 60%.After storage, there is utmost point significant difference in the germination rate of different storage modes, and the germination rate that wherein normal temperature sand is hidden is the highest, and average germination percentage is 22.22%; The germination rate of refrigeration is minimum, and average germination percentage is 3.33%.After broken to evergreen mucuna stem seed shelling in the normal temperature storage is processed, germinateed, germination rate is up to 60%.This experimental implementation is extensive, and the evergreen mucuna stem large-scale production is lacked to concrete operation step, and germination rate is the highest 60%, and easily makes the mildew and rot phenomenon of generation rhizome after evergreen mucuna stem is sprouted, and final transplanting survival rate will be lower than 60%.
Xie Yueying etc. disclose the sowing test of Zhejiang paohwashanica Mucuna at " Chinese herbal medicine " the 9th phase the 30th volume in 1999, paohwashanica Mucuna and evergreen mucuna stem all belong to the Mucuna plant, but be not same kind, so this experiment have certain reference to the sowing of evergreen mucuna stem.This experiment adopts direct type of seeding, and half a year, seed was not sprouted, and adopted mechanical germination accelerating method, and seed germination rate is up to 87%.But this experiment operation at normal temperatures, seed is relatively long to the time that can transplant from sprouting, and because operating procedure is extensive, large-scale production is lacked to the concrete operations directive significance, and the survival rate after transplanting will be lower than 87%.
In sum, the amount reproduction of evergreen mucuna stem has extremely important economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits, therefore existing evergreen mucuna stem type of seeding is innovated, and improves the sowing survival rate, seems particularly important.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention is innovated by the evergreen mucuna stem seeding technique to traditional, has obtained the propagation method that can guarantee its high-servival rate.By implementation and operation, the inventive method can significantly improve evergreen mucuna stem sowing survival rate, solve for a long time evergreen mucuna stem sprout difficulty, survive low problem.
Based on this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of applicable evergreen mucuna stem large-scale production, with low cost, simple and easy to do, be easy to the seed propagation method of promoting.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, the inventor sows the mode of flow process by emphasis, has creatively proposed a kind of method that improves evergreen mucuna stem sowing survival rate, and the method is carried out according to the following steps:
1) mid or late October evergreen mucuna stem seed maturity gather, by seed and fine sand mixed room temperature storage, keep sand humidity 70-80%;
2) 2-3 month spring in next year, seed is taken out and cleans 2-3 time, select the seed sunk under water, reject the seed that swims in the water surface;
3) will clean the water logging kind of 60-70 ℃ for seed after selecting, soak time is 48-60 hour, take design temperature during immersion as initial temperature, lets alone at room temperature naturally coolingly, within every 24 hours, changes 25-30 ℃ of clear water one time;
4) within 2 hours, carry out disinfection with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate immersion seed, then with clear water, rinse seed 2-3 time;
5) with pocket knife, at the position, middle (opposite end of radicle and plumule) of the side of the seed hilum, along brown or black ventral suture place, cut open, openning length is about the 1/3-2/3 of ventral suture length, just to scratch kind of a skin, is advisable, and does not hurt embryo;
6) in indoor humidity, be more than 80%, in the space of room temperature 20-30 ℃, the wet cotton gauze of orlop tiling one deck, cotton gauze thickness is advisable with 1-2cm, seed on wet cotton gauze after the processing of tiling one deck, then cover the wet cotton gauze of one deck thereon, then the seed after one deck processing of tiling, carry out by that analogy the lamination vernalization of banking up, finally cover moisturizing with the layer 2-3 plastic film again;
7) observe the humidity of cotton gauze every day, dry water, about 7-10 days seed sprouting;
8), after seed germination, if within 3-5 days, have no new seed germination continuously, stop the germination rate statistics;
9) the kind skin of the seed sprouted is peelled off, the seed after then processing moves in ground plants;
10) should be fertile soil, well-drained sandy loam or peat soil to sowing, before seedling grows to 30cm, set up the shed that shelters from heat or light, be beneficial to its growth.
Preferably, the method for above-mentioned raising evergreen mucuna stem sowing survival rate, in wherein said step 1), the volume ratio of seed and fine sand is 1:3-5.
Preferably, the method for above-mentioned raising evergreen mucuna stem sowing survival rate, move into the seed after processing in ground and plant in wherein said step 9), and thickness of earth covering is 2-5cm.
Compared with prior art, the evergreen mucuna stem type of seeding the present invention relates to has following technique effect and significant progressive:
(1) method provided by the invention is than traditional direct sowing, increased room temperature sand and hidden after moisturizing, high temperature vernalization, potassium permanganate sterilization, mechanical treatment vernalization, lamination vernalization, germination the steps such as the processing of sheltering from heat or light, and contributes to improve germination rate and transplanting survival rate.
(2) method specified in more detail provided by the invention the collecting time of seed, room temperature sand hide moisturizing, clean screening, the steps such as high temperature vernalization, potassium permanganate sterilization, mechanical treatment vernalization, lamination vernalization, the processing of shading after germinateing, sow survival rate for the guarantee evergreen mucuna stem measure of instructing be provided.
(3) in method provided by the invention, additional materials used is drawn materials conveniently.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below by embodiment.The method that it should be understood that the embodiment of the present invention is only used for illustrating the present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention, under design prerequisite of the present invention, simple modifications of the present invention is all belonged to the scope of protection of present invention.
Embodiment 1
In October, 2012, carry out the sowing test of evergreen mucuna stem, 100, every group of experiment seed, set 5 repetitions.
1) mid or late October evergreen mucuna stem seed maturity gather, by seed and fine sand mixed room temperature storage, keep sand humidity 70-80%;
2) late Febuary in next year, seed is taken out and cleans 2 times, select the seed sunk under water, reject the seed that swims in the water surface;
3) will clean the water logging kind of 60 ± 2 ℃ for seed after selecting, soak time is 48 hours, take 60 ± 2 ℃ during immersion as initial temperature, lets alone at room temperature naturally coolingly, within every 24 hours, changes 25 ± 2 ℃ of clear water one time;
4) within 2 hours, carry out disinfection with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate immersion seed, then with clear water, rinse seed 2 times;
5) cut a mouth at the position, middle (opposite end of radicle and plumule) of the side of the seed hilum along brown or black ventral suture place with pocket knife, openning length is about 1/3 of ventral suture length, just to scratch kind of a skin, is advisable, and does not hurt embryo;
6) in indoor humidity, be more than 80%, in the space of room temperature 20-30 ℃, the wet cotton gauze of orlop tiling one deck, cotton gauze thickness is with 1cm, seed on wet cotton gauze after the processing of tiling one deck, then cover the wet cotton gauze of one deck thereon, then the seed after one deck processing of tiling, carry out by that analogy the lamination vernalization of banking up, finally cover moisturizings with 2 layers of plastic film again;
7) observe the humidity of cotton gauze every day, dry water, about 10 days seed germinations;
8) after seed germination, within continuous 5 days, have no new seed germination, stop the germination rate statistics;
9) the kind skin of the seed sprouted is peelled off, the seed after then processing moves in ground plants, and thickness of earth covering is 2-3cm;
10) should be fertile soil, well-drained sandy loam or peat soil to sowing, before seedling grows to 30cm, set up the shed that shelters from heat or light, be beneficial to its growth.
Embodiment 2
In October, 2012, carry out the sowing test of evergreen mucuna stem, 100, every group of experiment seed, set 5 repetitions.
1) mid or late October evergreen mucuna stem seed maturity gather, by seed and fine sand mixed room temperature storage, keep sand humidity 70-80%;
2) next year late Febuary-early March, seed take out is cleaned 2 times, select the seed sunk under water, reject the seed that swims in the water surface;
3) will clean the water logging kind of 70 ± 2 ℃ for seed after selecting, soak time is 48 hours, take 70 ± 2 ℃ during immersion as initial temperature, lets alone at room temperature naturally coolingly, within every 24 hours, changes 25 ± 2 ℃ of clear water one time;
4) within 2 hours, carry out disinfection with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate immersion seed, then with clear water, rinse seed 2 times;
5) cut a mouth at the position, middle (opposite end of radicle and plumule) of the side of the seed hilum along brown or black ventral suture place with pocket knife, openning length is about 1/2 of ventral suture length, just to scratch kind of a skin, is advisable, and does not hurt embryo;
6) in indoor humidity, be 80%, in the space of room temperature 20-30 ℃, the wet cotton gauze of orlop tiling one deck, cotton gauze thickness is with 2cm, seed on wet cotton gauze after the processing of tiling one deck, then cover the wet cotton gauze of one deck thereon, then the seed after one deck processing of tiling, carry out by that analogy the lamination vernalization of banking up, finally cover moisturizings with 3 layers of plastic film again;
7) observe the humidity of cotton gauze every day, dry water, about 8 days seed germinations;
8) after seed germination, have no for three days on end new seed germination, stop the germination rate statistics;
9) the kind skin of the seed sprouted is peelled off, the seed after then processing moves in ground plants, and thickness of earth covering is 3-4cm;
10) should be fertile soil, well-drained sandy loam or peat soil to sowing, before seedling grows to 30cm, set up the shed that shelters from heat or light, be beneficial to its growth.
Embodiment 3
In October, 2012, carry out the sowing test of evergreen mucuna stem, 100, every group of experiment seed, set 5 repetitions.
1) mid or late October evergreen mucuna stem seed maturity gather, by seed and fine sand mixed room temperature storage, keep sand humidity 70-80%;
2) next year late Febuary-early March, seed take out is cleaned 2 times, select the seed sunk under water, reject the seed that swims in the water surface;
3) will clean the water logging kind of 70 ± 2 ℃ for seed after selecting, soak time is 60 hours, take 70 ± 2 ℃ during immersion as initial temperature, lets alone at room temperature naturally coolingly, within every 24 hours, changes 30 ± 2 ℃ of clear water one time;
4) within 2 hours, carry out disinfection with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate immersion seed, then with clear water, rinse seed 2 times;
5) cut a mouth at the position, middle (opposite end of radicle and plumule) of the side of the seed hilum along brown or black ventral suture place with pocket knife, openning length is about 2/3 of ventral suture length, just to scratch kind of a skin, is advisable, and does not hurt embryo;
6) in indoor humidity, be 80%, in the space of room temperature 20-30 ℃, the wet cotton gauze of orlop tiling one deck, cotton gauze thickness is with 2cm, seed on wet cotton gauze after the processing of tiling one deck, then cover the wet cotton gauze of one deck thereon, then the seed after one deck processing of tiling, carry out by that analogy the lamination vernalization of banking up, finally cover moisturizings with 3 layers of plastic film again;
7) observe the humidity of cotton gauze every day, dry water, about 7 days seed germinations;
8) after seed germination, have no for three days on end new seed germination, stop the germination rate statistics;
9) the kind skin of the seed sprouted is peelled off, the seed after then processing moves in ground plants, and thickness of earth covering is 4-5cm;
10) should be fertile soil, well-drained sandy loam or peat soil to sowing, before seedling grows to 30cm, set up the shed that shelters from heat or light, be beneficial to its growth.
The evergreen mucuna stem that the type of seeding of employing above-described embodiment 1-3 obtains sprouts, and the time is short, survival rate is high, emerge neat, young plant is healthy and strong, and germination rate can reach 90%-95%.
The comparative example 1
In early March, 2013, carry out the sowing test of evergreen mucuna stem, and 100, every group of experiment seed, set 5 repetitions.To directly be seeded in the container that fills Nutrition Soil without the evergreen mucuna stem seed of any measure.Normal management, begin to see that about mid or late July seed is unearthed at ordinary times, and survival rate is at 3-25%.
The comparative example 2
He Zheng Die discloses evergreen mucuna stem seed propagation technology in 2004 in its Master's thesis " the seedling breeding technology of evergreen mucuna stem and raw material application study ".
Divide three groups and carry out the percentage of seedgermination determination test:
First group: directly carry out the mensuration of percentage of seedgermination after collection, minute 45 ℃, 60 ℃, 75 ℃ immersion treatment, totally 3 samples.
Second group: different storage modes (normal temperature storage, refrigeration, sand are hidden) are stored the germination rate of seed after three months and are measured, and divide equally 45 ℃, 60 ℃, 75 ℃ immersion treatment, totally 9 samples.
The 3rd group: the seed of getting normal temperature storage grinds off after kind of skin the mensuration of carrying out germination rate, minute 45 ℃, 60 ℃, 75 ℃ immersion treatment, totally 3 samples.
The seed soak time is 48 hours, take design temperature during immersion as initial temperature, lets alone at room temperature naturally coolingly, and each sample all repeats 3 times, gets 20, seed at every turn.
Result of the test: while adopting the soaking temperature of 75 ℃ after seed collection, germination rate is the highest, and average germination percentage is 22.33%, is up to 60%; Percentage of seedgermination after the refrigeration storage is minimum, between 0-10%; The average germination percentage that the room temperature sand of take is hidden seed is 22.22%, is up to 35%; Germination rate average out to 30.55% after mill breaks in the seed coat, be up to 40%.
While adopting the soaking temperature of 75 ℃ after this test seed collection, germination rate is up to 60%, but this mode after planting, and nursery stock will experience the winter low temperature freeze injury, causes a large amount of nursery stock death.This test undeclared seed sprouting required time.
The comparative example 3
Xie Yueying etc. disclose the sowing test of Zhejiang paohwashanica Mucuna at " Chinese herbal medicine " the 9th phase the 30th volume in 1999.Paohwashanica Mucuna and evergreen mucuna stem all belong to the Mucuna plant, but are not same kinds.
This test is broken in the seed coat by mill, and normal temperature sand is hidden, and the highest bud ratio of seed is 87%, and the method has certain reference to this experiment, but in practical operation, the method is more extensive, and concrete industrialization production is lacked to certain measure of instructing.This test does not have specified in more detail how to grind to break in the seed coat, and easily plumule and the radicle of injury seed in operation, affect percentage of seedgermination, the problem such as latter rotten of sprouting.
Claims (3)
1. a method that improves evergreen mucuna stem sowing survival rate, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) mid or late October evergreen mucuna stem seed maturity gather, by seed and fine sand mixed room temperature storage, keep sand humidity 70-80%;
2) 2-3 month spring in next year, seed is taken out and cleans 2-3 time, select the seed sunk under water, reject the seed that swims in the water surface;
3) will clean the water logging kind of 60-70 ℃ for seed after selecting, soak time is 48-60 hour, take design temperature during immersion as initial temperature, lets alone at room temperature naturally coolingly, within every 24 hours, changes 25-30 ℃ of clear water one time;
4) within 2 hours, carry out disinfection with 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate immersion seed, then with clear water, rinse seed 2-3 time;
5) with pocket knife, at the position, middle of the side of the seed hilum, along brown or black ventral suture place, cut open, openning length is about the 1/3-2/3 of ventral suture length, just to scratch kind of a skin, is advisable, and does not hurt embryo;
6) indoor humidity is more than 80%, in the space of room temperature 20-30 ℃, the wet cotton gauze of orlop tiling one deck, cotton gauze thickness is advisable with 1-2cm, seed on wet cotton gauze after the processing of tiling one deck, then cover the wet cotton gauze of one deck thereon, then the seed after one deck processing of tiling, carry out by that analogy the lamination vernalization of banking up, finally cover moisturizing with the layer 2-3 plastic film again;
7) observe the humidity of cotton gauze every day, dry water, about 7-10 days seed sprouting;
8), after seed germination, if within 3-5 days, have no new seed germination continuously, stop the germination rate statistics;
9) the kind skin of the seed sprouted is peelled off, the seed after then processing moves in ground plants;
10) should be fertile soil, well-drained sandy loam or peat soil to sowing, before seedling grows to 30cm, set up the shed that shelters from heat or light, be beneficial to its growth.
2. raising evergreen mucuna stem according to claim 1 is sowed the method for survival rate, and it is characterized in that: in described step 1), the volume ratio of seed and fine sand is 1:3-5.
3. raising evergreen mucuna stem according to claim 1 is sowed the method for survival rate, it is characterized in that: the seed after processing in described step 9) moves in ground plants, and thickness of earth covering is 2-5cm.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104770302A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-15 | 福建农林大学 | Rapid propagating method for mucuna sempervirens |
| CN104871782A (en) * | 2015-05-24 | 2015-09-02 | 益阳市银丰园林景观有限公司 | Rapid seed propagation method for ilex purpurea |
| CN104938088A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-30 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for promoting germination of caulis sinomenii seeds |
| CN109565998A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-05 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A method of promote Antigonon leptopus seed to sprout |
| CN113303155A (en) * | 2021-05-03 | 2021-08-27 | 福建农林大学 | Method for dibbling and culturing young container seedlings by using bamboo and cypress seeds |
| CN113597951A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-05 | 天津绿茵景观生态建设股份有限公司 | Sowing method for Mucuna sempervirens in southwest region |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104770302A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-15 | 福建农林大学 | Rapid propagating method for mucuna sempervirens |
| CN104871782A (en) * | 2015-05-24 | 2015-09-02 | 益阳市银丰园林景观有限公司 | Rapid seed propagation method for ilex purpurea |
| CN104938088A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-30 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for promoting germination of caulis sinomenii seeds |
| CN104938088B (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2017-01-18 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for promoting germination of caulis sinomenii seeds |
| CN109565998A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-05 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A method of promote Antigonon leptopus seed to sprout |
| CN109565998B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2021-04-27 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for promoting germination of coralline sinensis seeds |
| CN113303155A (en) * | 2021-05-03 | 2021-08-27 | 福建农林大学 | Method for dibbling and culturing young container seedlings by using bamboo and cypress seeds |
| CN113597951A (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2021-11-05 | 天津绿茵景观生态建设股份有限公司 | Sowing method for Mucuna sempervirens in southwest region |
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