CN103427336B - 用于内燃机的火花塞 - Google Patents

用于内燃机的火花塞 Download PDF

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CN103427336B
CN103427336B CN201310179167.4A CN201310179167A CN103427336B CN 103427336 B CN103427336 B CN 103427336B CN 201310179167 A CN201310179167 A CN 201310179167A CN 103427336 B CN103427336 B CN 103427336B
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electrode
building
central electrode
spark plug
ignition gap
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CN103427336A (zh
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B.迪伦达姆
I.维尔克
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
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MAN Diesel and Turbo SE
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01TSPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/32Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by features of the earthed electrode
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01TSPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02Details
    • H01T13/14Means for self-cleaning
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01TSPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H01T13/467Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in parallel connection
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/01Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens
    • B60R25/04Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles operating on vehicle systems or fittings, e.g. on doors, seats or windscreens operating on the propulsion system, e.g. engine or drive motor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01MLUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M1/00Pressure lubrication
    • F01M1/18Indicating or safety devices
    • F01M1/20Indicating or safety devices concerning lubricant pressure
    • F01M1/22Indicating or safety devices concerning lubricant pressure rendering machines or engines inoperative or idling on pressure failure
    • F01M1/26Indicating or safety devices concerning lubricant pressure rendering machines or engines inoperative or idling on pressure failure acting on engine ignition system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D17/00Controlling engines by cutting out individual cylinders; Rendering engines inoperative or idling
    • F02D17/04Controlling engines by cutting out individual cylinders; Rendering engines inoperative or idling rendering engines inoperative or idling, e.g. caused by abnormal conditions
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P7/00Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices
    • F02P7/02Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices of distributors
    • F02P7/021Mechanical distributors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P7/00Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices
    • F02P7/06Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices of circuit-makers or -breakers, or pick-up devices adapted to sense particular points of the timing cycle
    • F02P7/063Mechanical pick-up devices, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. contact-breakers
    • F02P7/0632Mechanical pick-up devices, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. contact-breakers with rotary contacts

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  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的火花塞(10),所述火花塞具有中心电极(11)和沿径向方向围绕所述中心电极(11)布置的搭铁电极(12),其中在所述中心电极(11)与所述搭铁电极(12)之间形成环形的点火间隙(13),以用于通过在所述中心电极(11)与所述搭铁电极(12)之间形成的电点火火花点燃燃料混合物,并且其中如此设计所述搭铁电极(12),即能够在重力的影响下将到达所述搭铁电极(12)的区域中的颗粒从所述点火间隙(13)中导出。

Description

用于内燃机的火花塞
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按权利要求1的前序部分所述的、用于内燃机的火花塞。此外本发明还涉及一种内燃机。
背景技术
火花塞用于电点燃在内燃机中待燃烧的燃料混合物。在火花塞的所谓的中心电极(Mittelelektrode)与所谓的搭铁电极(Masseelektrode)之间形成点火间隙(Zündspalt),在所述点火间隙中为了点燃燃料混合物能够形成电点火火花。
对于火花塞而言,原则上区分为具有钩形的搭铁电极的火花塞和具有环形的搭铁电极的火花塞。文献DE102008061242A1公开了一种具有火花塞的内燃机,所述火花塞的搭铁电极构造为钩形,其中点火间隙沿中心电极的轴向方向看轴向地在中心电极的端部与钩形的搭铁电极的端部之间延伸。由文献DE10145944A1已知一种具有环形的搭铁电极的火花塞,其中点火间隙在中心电极与搭铁电极之间沿径向方向围绕中心电极延伸。
本发明涉及一种点火电极,所述点火电极在中心电极与沿径向方向围绕中心电极布置的搭铁电极之间具有围绕中心电极延伸的、环形的点火间隙,在所述点火间隙中为了点燃燃料混合物能够形成电点火火花。
虽然在内燃机中待燃烧的燃料混合物在导入到燃烧室中之前经过过滤,但仍然存在以下可能性,即污染颗粒到达燃烧室中、尤其到达火花塞的区域中并且积聚在中心电极和搭铁电极之间的点火间隙中。
于是,当颗粒积聚在中心电极与搭铁电极之间的点火间隙中时,会造成电极之间的短路,则从而不再能够形成点火火花。在这种情况下就则不再能够点燃燃料混合物。
发明内容
据此本发明的任务在于,提供一种用于内燃机的新型火花塞以及一种具有这种火花塞的内燃机。
该任务通过根据权利要求1所述的、用于内燃机的火花塞解决。
根据本发明如此设计所述搭铁电极,即能够在重力的影响下将到达所述搭铁电极的区域中的颗粒从所述点火间隙中导出。在此,通过本发明提供了一种火花塞,如此设计所述火花塞的、沿径向方向围绕中心电极布置的搭铁电极,即能够在重力的影响下将到达所述搭铁电极的区域中的颗粒从所述点火间隙中导出。由此避免了到达所述搭铁电极的区域中的颗粒积聚在所述点火间隙中,从而避免了短路并且能够保证安全地点燃燃料混合物。
所述搭铁电极优选具有沿所述中心电极的轴向方向延伸的区段和沿所述中心电极的径向方向延伸的区段,其中在所述中心电极与所述搭铁电极的沿径向方向延伸的区段之间形成点火间隙,并且其中在沿所述中心电极的径向方向延伸的区段的上表面处如此设计所述搭铁电极,即所述表面随着与所述点火间隙的间距的增加而斜坡形地从上向下延伸。所述搭铁电极的这种设计方案是特别简单的并且能够可靠地避免颗粒积聚在所述点火间隙中。
按照本发明的有利的改进方案,在沿所述中心电极的径向方向延伸的区段的上表面处构造有凹部。所述凹部优选与用于燃料混合物的、穿过所述搭铁电极的通孔相邻地构造,也就是沿所述中心电极的径向方向看,以与所述通孔相对较小的径向间距并且以与所述点火间隙相对较大的径向间距构造在所述通孔与所述点火间隙之间。所述搭铁电极的这种设计方案是特别优选的,以在重力的影响下使得颗粒远离所述点火间隙。
在权利要求7中规定了根据本发明的内燃机。
附图说明
本发明的优选的改进方案由从属权利要求和以下说明给出。根据附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明,但并不局限于此。在此:
图1示出根据本发明的火花塞的示意图;
图2示出根据图1所示的火花塞的细节示图。
附图标记列表
10火花塞
11中心电极
12搭铁电极
13点火间隙
14区段
15区段
16通孔
17表面
18凹部。
具体实施方式
图1和图2示出了火花塞10的一种优选的实施例的示意性的细节示图,其中火花塞10具有中心电极11和沿径向方向围绕中心电极11布置的搭铁电极12。搭铁电极12在此优选设计为环形并且构造为环形电极。
在中心电极11与搭铁电极12之间形成环形的点火间隙13,其中为了点燃燃料混合物能够在中心电极11与搭铁电极12之间形成电点火火花。
搭铁电极12在此根据图1和图2具有沿中心电极11的轴向方向延伸的第一区段14和沿中心电极11的径向方向延伸的第二区段15,其中在中心电极11与搭铁电极12的、沿径向方向延伸的第二区段15的自由端部之间形成环形的点火间隙13。
将用于待点燃的燃料混合物的通孔16设置到搭铁电极12中,以将燃料混合物引导到点火间隙13的区域中。
为了避免尽管经过过滤仍然能够存在于燃料混合物中的污染颗粒积聚在点火间隙13的区域中,如此设计搭铁电极12,即能够在重力的影响下将到达搭铁电极12的区域中或者到达点火间隙13的区域中的颗粒从点火间隙13中导出或者排出。
为此在示出的实施例中,在沿中心电极11的径向方向延伸的区段15的上表面17上如此设计搭铁电极12,即所述上表面17随着与所述点火间隙13的间距的增加而斜坡形地从上向下延伸,也就是在构造凹部(Senke)18的情况下,其中凹部18以径向的间距环形地围绕点火间隙13延伸。
凹部18在此构造在搭铁电极的、沿中心电极11的轴向方向延伸的第一区段14与搭铁电极12的、沿中心电极11的径向方向延伸的第二区段15之间的过渡区域中,也就是与通孔16相邻,其中沿中心电极11的径向方向看,凹部18定位在通孔16与点火间隙13之间,也就是与所述点火间隙13具有相对较大的径向间距并且与通孔16具有相对较小的径向间距。
通过本发明能够安全且可靠地实现,在利用重力的影响的情况下将到达火花塞10的搭铁电极12的区域中的颗粒从点火间隙13中导出,从而使得所述颗粒不能够积聚在点火间隙13的区域中。由此,能够避免中心电极11与搭铁电极12之间的短路并且保证安全地点燃燃料混合物。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于内燃机的火花塞,所述火花塞具有中心电极(11)和沿径向方向围绕所述中心电极(11)布置的搭铁电极(12),其中在所述中心电极(11)与所述搭铁电极(12)之间形成环形的点火间隙(13),以用于通过在所述中心电极(11)与所述搭铁电极(12)之间形成的电点火火花点燃燃料混合物,其特征在于,如此设计所述搭铁电极(12),即能够在重力的影响下将到达所述搭铁电极(12)的区域中的颗粒从所述点火间隙(13)中导出,其中所述搭铁电极(12)具有沿所述中心电极的轴向方向延伸的区段(14)和沿所述中心电极的径向方向延伸的区段(15),其中在所述中心电极(11)与所述搭铁电极的、沿径向方向延伸的区段(15)之间形成点火间隙(13),并且其中在沿所述中心电极的径向方向延伸的区段(15)的上表面(17)处如此设计所述搭铁电极,即所述表面随着与所述点火间隙的间距的增加而斜坡形地从上向下延伸,其中在沿所述中心电极的径向方向延伸的区段(15)的上表面(17)处构造有凹部(18),并且其中所述凹部(18)与用于燃料混合物的、穿过所述搭铁电极(12)的通孔(16)相邻地构造,也就是沿所述中心电极(11)的径向方向看,以与所述通孔(16)相对较小的径向间距并且以与所述点火间隙(13)相对较大的径向间距构造在所述通孔(16)与所述点火间隙(13)之间。
2.按照权利要求1所述的火花塞,其特征在于,所述凹部(18)以径向的间距环形地围绕着所述点火间隙(13)。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的火花塞,其特征在于,所述凹部(18)构造在所述搭铁电极(12)的、沿所述中心电极的轴向方向延伸的区段(14)与所述搭铁电极(12)的、沿所述中心电极的径向方向延伸的区段(15)之间的过渡区域中。
4.一种用于燃烧由气态的燃料和空气组成的燃料混合物的内燃机、即汽油燃气发动机,其特征在于至少一个按权利要求1至3中任一项所述的火花塞。
CN201310179167.4A 2012-05-15 2013-05-15 用于内燃机的火花塞 Expired - Fee Related CN103427336B (zh)

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CN103762503A (zh) * 2013-12-25 2014-04-30 柳州正菱集团有限公司 火花塞
CN103746293A (zh) * 2013-12-25 2014-04-23 柳州正菱集团有限公司 火花塞
DE102017221137A1 (de) 2017-11-27 2019-05-29 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zündkerze
DE102018110571A1 (de) * 2018-05-03 2019-11-07 Man Energy Solutions Se Zündkerze für eine Brennkraftmaschine
DE102018110580A1 (de) 2018-05-03 2019-11-07 Man Energy Solutions Se Zündkerze für eine Brennkraftmaschine

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DE102012208069A1 (de) 2013-11-21
US9450382B2 (en) 2016-09-20
KR20130127941A (ko) 2013-11-25
KR101981339B1 (ko) 2019-05-22
JP6116348B2 (ja) 2017-04-19
US20130312692A1 (en) 2013-11-28
FI125699B (en) 2016-01-15
FI20135484A (fi) 2013-11-16
CN103427336A (zh) 2013-12-04

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