CN103392938A - Pollen substitute forage specially for honeybee breeding in spring and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pollen substitute forage specially for honeybee breeding in spring and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103392938A CN103392938A CN201310337733XA CN201310337733A CN103392938A CN 103392938 A CN103392938 A CN 103392938A CN 201310337733X A CN201310337733X A CN 201310337733XA CN 201310337733 A CN201310337733 A CN 201310337733A CN 103392938 A CN103392938 A CN 103392938A
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Abstract
The invention provides pollen substitute forage specially for honeybee breeding in spring and a preparation method thereof. The pollen substitute forage comprises defatted soybean powder, corn flour, beer yeast powder, white sugar, carrot powder, composite vitamins, calcium, phosphorus and the like. In the case of under-supply of natural pollen, defatted soybean powder, corn flour, beer yeast powder, white sugar, vitamins, minerals, an antioxidant and the like are processed into the pollen substitute forage specially for honeybee breeding in spring by processes according to a certain ratio. The pollen substitute forage satisfies nutritional requirements of honeybee colony breeding in spring and colony development. Compared with soybean powder or corn protein powder, the pollen substitute forage has more balanced and better feeding effects, can replace natural pollen, and can solve the problems of strong supply seasonality, high price and easy honeybee disease infectivity of natural pollen.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to numerous special-purpose seville orange flower powder feed of a kind of honeybee spring and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Numerous main purpose of honeybee spring is that make to survive the winter group's gesture of rear bee colony is recovered rapidly and develops, during the honeybee spring is numerous, need the nutrients such as protein, carbohydrate, lipid, minerals and vitamins, the nutritional need that increases rapidly to meet bee colony queen to lay eggs, larva healthy development, group's gesture.Under nature, pollen and nectar are the natural feeds of honeybee.Due to the spring numerous during the external world often lack the powder source, if bee farm pollen was stocked deficiency or worried that commercially available pollen carries pathogenic microorganism this moment, just must rely on and manually prepare seville orange flower powder feed and solved.In recent years, in beekeeping, the use of seville orange flower powder feed is tending towards normalization, and use amount is and increases progressively trend.At present, the main deficiency that the seville orange flower powder feed of beekeeper's autogamy exists is that hypotrophy valency and palatability are poor, is in particular in:
1) soy meal, corn protein powder are the primary raw materials of beekeeper's autogamy seville orange flower powder feed, and due to the unicity of material composition, soy meal contains ANFs in addition, and feeding effect is undesirable, and a little less than causing group gesture, collection power reduces, and production performance is not good.
2) due to the having less understanding of honeybee nutritional need, during beekeeper's autogamy seville orange flower powder feed, lack feeding standard and instruct, the proportioning of the feed ingredients such as the trophic level of less consideration feed, especially proteins,vitamins,and minerals is random large.
3) not enough to honeybee digestive characteristic understanding, the seville orange flower powder feed particle diameter of beekeeper's autogamy is often larger, and the digestibility of feed is poor, and generally do not add antioxidant, cause seville orange flower powder feed palatability poor, apt to deteriorate, be unfavorable for bee gathering, directly affect honeybee health.
4) the processing processing of honeybee forage raw material and processing technology and the parameter of honeybee forage are lacked to system research, cause raw material selection and process unreasonable.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides numerous special-purpose seville orange flower powder feed of a kind of honeybee spring and preparation method thereof.In the situation that natural pollen is under-supply, defatted soy flour, corn flour, beer yeast powder, white granulated sugar, vitamin, mineral matter, antioxidant etc. are made to numerous special-purpose seville orange flower powder feed of honeybee spring in ratio of the present invention and technique, can guarantee the nutritional need of swarm breeding in spring, the development of group's gesture.Than single soy meal or corn protein powder, its nutritional labeling is more balanced, and feeding effect is more desirable, can substitute natural pollen fully, and overcome the natural pollen supply seasonal strong, price is high, the shortcoming of infectivity honeybee disease.
Numerous special-purpose seville orange flower powder feed of a kind of honeybee spring, its component and content are by weight:
Defatted soy flour 27.02%-36.89%, corn flour 24.31%-35.98%, beer yeast powder 5.50%-5.60%, white granulated sugar 30%, carrot meal 1.9%-2.45%, B B-complex 0.30%-0.35%, calcium phosphorus 0.30-0.35%, phytase 0.05%-0.10%, antioxidant 0.01%-0.015% and mould inhibitor 0.10%-0.35%.Each component percentages sum is 100%.
Described defatted soy flour is that the high quality soybean dregs of rice of gross protein value 45.0%-47.0% process through expanded, Crushing of Ultrafine;
Described corn flour is that carbohydrate content is that the high-grade maize of 70.7%-72.4% processes through expanded, Crushing of Ultrafine;
Described beer yeast powder is that the quality beer dusty yeast of gross protein value 52.0%-53.0% processes through Crushing of Ultrafine;
Described B B-complex is the vitamin of various needs, makes to contain in every kilogram of pollen feed: V
A5000IU, V
B15.4mg, V
B26mg, V
C265.4mg, V
E240mg, V
D2000IU, V
B67mg, folic acid 20mg, nicotinic acid 18mg, inositol 318mg.
Described calcium and phosphorus, come from calcium carbonate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate and calcium dihydrogen phosphate etc., is the feed grade mineral prods that meets national standard.
Described antioxidant is ethoxyquinoline (EMQ) or dibutyl hydroxy toluene (BHT) or butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA) etc.
Described mould inhibitor is for selecting citric acid or natrium citricum.
In numerous special-purpose seville orange flower powder feed of the honeybee spring of utilizing the present invention to prepare, crude protein level is 25%-30%, and the crude fat level is 1%-4%, can be 16.3-17.4MJ/Kg, on total calcium content, is limited to 0.21%, and total phosphorus content reaches 0.49%.
The present invention, for coordinating the suitable raw material of honeybee forage screening, in strict accordance with the feed formulation principle, improves it and coordinates technique, improves its preparation level, make meet numerous Stage Nutrition needs of honeybee spring feed with supplementary powder source.Both avoid the beekeeper to buy the easy pathophorous risk of commercially available pollen, solved again the problems such as the nutrition that the single raw material of bee feeding is caused is unbalanced, palatability is poor.
Main feature of the present invention: be to prepare seville orange flower powder feed balanced in nutrition according to numerous phase nutritional need of honeybee spring, take defatted soy flour, white granulated sugar, corn flour etc. as main feedstuff, press suitable proportion and add various vitamin, mineral matter etc., adopt expanded, ultramicro grinding, the technique such as mix step by step, modulation processes.
That the feedstuff wide material sources that the present invention is selected, the feed product of making have is balanced in nutrition, good palatability, easy to digest, be difficult for the characteristics such as corrupt.
The preparation method of numerous special-purpose seville orange flower powder feed of a kind of honeybee spring comprises the following steps:
1) expanded by defatted soy flour and maize raw material through high temperature puffing, to eliminate the adverse effect of ANFs in raw material, improve digestibility.
2) Crushing of Ultrafine carries out Crushing of Ultrafine by expanded defatted soy flour, popcorn and beer yeast powder, utilizes the turbine micronizer to pulverize, and it is optimum fineness that material is crossed the 80-130 mesh sieve.
3) mix according to each component ratio in the pollen feed, take corn flour as carrier, according to the first little rear large order of each constituent content, add one by one, stir.
The present invention selects defatted soy flour and beer yeast powder etc. as major protein raw material formula feed, can eliminate the impact that in whole soya-bean powder, excess fat and ANFs are digested and assimilated feed, and high-quality protein can be provided again, strengthens the palatability of feed; Corn flour, as one of carbohydrate raw material of the present invention and premix carrier, can improve the feed smell, has the food calling effect, and is stable as the carrier proterties; Select white granulated sugar, increase feed sugariness and energy level, strengthen the food calling effect; The interpolation of carrot meal has the effect that promotes digestion and replenishing vitamins, mineral matter; Selecting phytase, antioxidant BHT and mould inhibitor is all to commonly use, easily purchase the feed grade additive, suitably interpolation can be improving efficiency of feed utilization, prevent feed oxide and go mouldy aspect play good effect; Add calcium carbonate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate and calcium dihydrogen phosphate etc. and can supplement calcium, P elements with proper proportion.
Compared with the prior art the present invention, has following features and advantage:
1. the present invention is fully formulated according to the nutritional need in numerous period in honeybee spring, and its trophic level is better than existing honeybee diet, and the while, the protein content of feed of the present invention was at 25-30% higher than the protein content of the 20-25% of rape pollen commonly used.
2. the present invention is being better than existing feed aspect smell, form.Existing honeybee forage is searched for food with the beany flavor impact owing to mostly using soy meal, and the present invention sticks with paste fragrance owing to adopting bulking process to produce, and can increase palatability; Adopt the turbine Crushing of Ultrafine, feed is better than existing honeybee forage aspect fineness.
3. preparation technology of the present invention is simple, and is easy to operate.In process of production, the processing of high temperature puffing to raw material, eliminated ANFs, avoided after the bee gathering occurring the situation of diarrhoea, improved efficiency of feed utilization.
4. the present invention utilizes the conventional raw materials such as defatted soy flour, corn flour, white granulated sugar, B B-complex, is mixed with the seville orange flower powder feed that can meet numerous nutritional need of honeybee spring, and market prospects are wide, have good economic benefit.
Below by instantiation explanation characteristics of the present invention.
The specific embodiment:
Described phytase is to select phytase commonly used in present feed industry.
Described B B-complex is commercially available to be obtained.
Described white granulated sugar: select high quality white granulated sugar commonly used in food industry, purity is more than 99%.
Embodiment 1:
Table 1 formula forms
Using method:
The feed that 1) will mix is according to Si Liao ︰ Bai Sha Tang ︰ honey=2 ︰ 3 ︰ 1(weight ratios) ratio mix, then add appropriate warm water and coordinate evenly, add the amount of warm water so that the said mixture coagulation forming is got final product.Finally the feed sealing is preserved.
While 2) feeding, above-mentioned feed is placed in to the frame beam with the pie of suitable size, on it, covers preservative film to keep feed humidity, for honeybee, search for food.Between feed period, bee colony is freely adopted water.The forage volume of placing so that honeybee in 3-5 days, searched for food and be advisable.
Embodiment 2
The present invention is developed by national honeybee industrial technology system nutrition and feed post expert team, and on behalf of test, test situation is as follows through compbined test station, Jinzhong City:
Process of the test:
Use honeybee forage prepared by the present invention feed 15 groups of honeybees totally 37 spleens as test group, use the rape pollen feed feed 15 groups of honeybees totally 39 spleens as a control group, carry out check experiment.The rape pollen feed is prepared according to the ratio of 1 part of 2 parts of pollen, 3 parts of white granulated sugars and honey.
Test is numerous since the spring in 2012, and according to preliminary experiment, the method for taking every 5 days weighing clouts and adding appropriate feed is measured feed intake, during also add up that the hive gesture changes and eclosion rate etc. reacts the index of bee colony growth performance and health status.
Numerous special feed 2213 grams of (March 10) the honeybee spring of feeding for the first time, surplus material is 99 grams, feed intake is 2114 grams; 2453 grams of feeding for the second time, surplus material 134 grams, 2319 grams of searching for food; 2508 grams are fed in examination for the third time, and surplus material is 90 grams, actual 2418 grams of searching for food; The 4th 2819 grams of feeding, surplus material 278 grams, 2541 grams of searching for food, the after this large powder delivery of elm, therefore stop feeding.
Rape pollen control group test method is identical with feeding and management and test group.(March 10) 2703 grams of feeding, remain material 496 grams, feed intake 2207 grams for the first time; 2444 grams of feeding for the second time, surplus material 204 grams, 2240 grams of searching for food; 2563 grams of feeding for the third time, surplus material 61 grams, 2502 grams of searching for food; The 4th 2994 grams of feeding, surplus material 125 grams, actual 2869 grams of searching for food.
Results and analysis:
By statistics, 15 groups of 37 spleens of test group, 9482 grams of searching for food for 4 times, average spleen honeybee 256.2 grams of searching for food, 4 total feed intake 9818 grams of 15 groups of 39 spleens of control group, average spleen feed intake is 251.7 grams.
15 groups of 37 spleens of test group were fed latter 30 days, and group's gesture reaches 86 spleens, increases by 2.32 times.
15 groups of 39 spleens of control group were fed latter 30 days, and group's gesture reaches 90 spleens, increases by 2.31 times.
3000 honeybee ovum of test group mark, finally successfully sprout wings and 2804 honeybees, eclosion rate 93.47%.
3000 honeybee ovum of control group mark, finally successfully sprout wings and 2831 honeybees, eclosion rate 94.36%
Conclusion:
1, palatability of the present invention obviously strengthens than beekeeper's autogamy in former years feed, with regard to feed intake, and numerous special-purpose seville orange flower powder feed of honeybee spring and pollen control group no significant difference; Simultaneously, after using the present invention, the malaise symptoms such as diarrhoea do not appear in honeybee.
2, the cost of honeybee spring numerous seville orange flower powder feed obviously reduces than the cost of pollen, and has avoided the risk because of honeybee diseases such as the commercially available pollen infection chalk diseases of feeding, thereby reaches the purpose of Fast-propagation honeybee in early spring, increase group gesture.
Claims (1)
1. numerous special-purpose seville orange flower powder feed of honeybee spring is characterized in that each component and content are by weight:
Defatted soy flour 27.02%-36.89%, corn flour 24.31%-35.98%, beer yeast powder 5.50%-5.60%, white granulated sugar 30%, carrot meal 1.9%-2.45%, B B-complex 0.30%-0.35%, phytase 0.05%-0.10%, calcium phosphorus 0.30-0.35%, antioxidant 0.01%-0.015% and mould inhibitor 0.10%-0.35%; Each component percentages sum is 100%;
Described calcium phosphorus is calcium carbonate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate or calcium dihydrogen phosphate;
Described antioxidant is ethoxyquinoline EMQ or dibutyl hydroxy toluene BHT or butylated hydroxy anisole BHA;
Described mould inhibitor is citric acid or natrium citricum.
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| CN201310337733XA CN103392938A (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2013-08-05 | Pollen substitute forage specially for honeybee breeding in spring and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103621834A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏江大源生态生物科技有限公司 | Bee compound feed |
| CN105394328A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-16 | 安徽省农业科学院蚕桑研究所 | Bee feed containing defatted tenebrio molitor powder and preparing method thereof |
| CN105558316A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-05-11 | 安徽省农业科学院蚕桑研究所 | Degreased and deodorized silkworm chrysalis meal bee feed and preparation method of degreased and deodorized silkworm chrysalis meal honey feed |
| CN106360157A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-01 | 广西田林县林子蚂蜂养殖科技有限公司 | Feed for wasp breeding |
| CN107095086A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-08-29 | 安徽博蜂生物科技有限公司 | A kind of honeybee forage biological products and its preparation technology |
| CN107712483A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-02-23 | 安徽省甘泉养蜂专业合作社 | A kind of Chinese honeybee feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN108617595A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-10-09 | 安徽勤蜂堂蜂业有限公司 | A kind of breeding technique of honeybee |
| CN108617594A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-10-09 | 安徽勤蜂堂蜂业有限公司 | A kind of production method of pure fragrance of a flower honey |
| CN109549027A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-02 | 贵州务川永惠蜂业科技有限公司 | Middle bee fuel and preparation method thereof |
| CN110074285A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-02 | 安徽省农业科学院蚕桑研究所 | It is a kind of easily to absorb high nutrition honeybee forage and preparation method thereof |
| CN110200174A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-06 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of production method of artificial bee bread pollen spleen |
| CN112189759A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-08 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Bee feed and preparation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103621834A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏江大源生态生物科技有限公司 | Bee compound feed |
| CN105394328A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-16 | 安徽省农业科学院蚕桑研究所 | Bee feed containing defatted tenebrio molitor powder and preparing method thereof |
| CN105558316A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-05-11 | 安徽省农业科学院蚕桑研究所 | Degreased and deodorized silkworm chrysalis meal bee feed and preparation method of degreased and deodorized silkworm chrysalis meal honey feed |
| CN106360157A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-01 | 广西田林县林子蚂蜂养殖科技有限公司 | Feed for wasp breeding |
| CN107095086A (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2017-08-29 | 安徽博蜂生物科技有限公司 | A kind of honeybee forage biological products and its preparation technology |
| CN107712483A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-02-23 | 安徽省甘泉养蜂专业合作社 | A kind of Chinese honeybee feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN108617595A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-10-09 | 安徽勤蜂堂蜂业有限公司 | A kind of breeding technique of honeybee |
| CN108617594A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-10-09 | 安徽勤蜂堂蜂业有限公司 | A kind of production method of pure fragrance of a flower honey |
| CN109549027A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-04-02 | 贵州务川永惠蜂业科技有限公司 | Middle bee fuel and preparation method thereof |
| CN110074285A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-02 | 安徽省农业科学院蚕桑研究所 | It is a kind of easily to absorb high nutrition honeybee forage and preparation method thereof |
| CN110200174A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-09-06 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of production method of artificial bee bread pollen spleen |
| CN112189759A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-08 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Bee feed and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20131120 |