CN105394328A - Bee feed containing defatted tenebrio molitor powder and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Bee feed containing defatted tenebrio molitor powder and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105394328A CN105394328A CN201510907334.1A CN201510907334A CN105394328A CN 105394328 A CN105394328 A CN 105394328A CN 201510907334 A CN201510907334 A CN 201510907334A CN 105394328 A CN105394328 A CN 105394328A
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Abstract
Bee feed containing defatted tenebrio molitor powder is provided. The feed is prepared from 10 parts by weight of dry powder, 1-3 parts by weight of honey and 7-9 parts by weight of white granulated sugar. The dry powder is prepared by mixing 15-25% of natural pollen, 25-45% of defatted tenebrio molitor powder, 3-9% of mulberry fruit freeze-dried powder, 25-45% of wheat germ, 2-4% of beer yeast powder and 0.10-0.35% of a mildew preventive. A preparing method includes defatting tenebrio molitor powder, freeze-drying and smashing mulberry fruit, drying the wheat germ in sun, smashing the wheat germ, mixing with the pollen, the beer yeast powder and the mildew preventive to prepare the dry-powder feed for bees, fully stirring the prepared dry-powder feed, water and the honey, filling bee honeycombs with the mixture to prepare powdered honeycombs and putting the powdered honeycombs into a hive to be eaten by bees, or kneading the tenebrio molitor powder feed into balls, putting the balls onto beams of honeycombs and allowing the balls to be collected by worker bees. The bee feed is high in protein content and is liable to absorb by bees. The cost of raw materials of the feed is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fodder, be specifically related to degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Occurring in nature, bee gathering nectar and pollen are as natural feed, and nectar provides the sufficient energy, as nutrients such as protein, lipid, vitamin, mineral matters for honeybee.The total protein content average out to 24.65% of pollen.In pollen, the content of lipoid material is 1%-2%, on average accounts for the 4%-6.7% of pollen dry weight, is the main source of lipid material needed for honeybee.In environment, numerous period in honeybee spring and the scarce pollen area of part summer and autumn, honeybee lacks this main protein source of pollen, growing of honeybee will be affected, cause queen to lay eggs and worker bee to educate sub-ability to reduce, bee colony group gesture sharply declines, and even whole bee colony is withered away.At mating period, proteinaceous nutrient directly will affect body weight and soma's protein content of emergence worker bee.
When lacking sweet powder source in the external world, man-made feeds of must feeding are solved, and beekeeper's feed of apiculture normally adds white sugar with pollen, or add with pollen and defatted soy flour, corn flour feed that white sugar mixes and to feed honeybee.Pollen and defatted soy flour provide proteinaceous nutrient for honeybee, are the protein feeds of honeybee.Sugar is the sugared feed of honeybee.
Protein is the material base of all life, is the important component part of cell.Organizer official rank is all participated in forming by protein.The main component of functional mass in protein or honeybee body.Need large energy supply in honeybee metabolic processes, when human body energy is under-supply, protein can supplying energy, maintains the normal activities of honeybee.Honeybee is the same with other animals, needs to take in the nutriments such as protein, carbohydrate, lipid, vitamin, mineral matter and water to meet needed for daily life.Dietary protein level directly affects honeybee body protein content and honeybee body weight.Protein is the basic composition raw material of bee larva body, participates in repairing and the renewal of tissue, provides energy if desired.Protein feeds is considered to the important means improving bee rearing administrative skill.Honeybee egg development is need a large amount of protein supplies in the process of larva, and queen to lay eggs, the growth of worker bee body of gland and the enforcement of function, all can not lack protein.Lacked protein in food, dead larvae, young honeybee depauperation and lose value, because not obtaining sufficient royal jelly, spawning rate declines or stops production queen bee, worker bee can not normally bleeding, secrete wax etc.Occurring in nature worker bee eats protein food, and the protein transduction stored in body is moved to hypopharyngeal gland, and generate royal jelly to feed larva, protein accounts for 50% of royal jelly dry weight.In royal jelly, multiple bioactive ingredients is also all relevant with protein.Worker bee larvae feeds royal jelly early stage, and the later stage changes the honeybee feed of feeding and being made up of worker bee hypopharyngeal gland secretion, honey and pollen; The protein source of queen bee nit is royal jelly, and queen bee nit all needs sufficient royal jelly supply in whole growth course.Drone larvae eats royal jelly equally early stage, changes the honeybee feed of food honey and pollen composition afterwards.
Honeybee all be unable to do without protein feeds all one's life.Yellow meal worm is all complete metamorphosis in honeybee, and its physiology Middle nutrition composition has many similarities, nutrition constituent ratio commonly use now pollen, that soy meal feed is formed is more reasonable, more easily absorbed by honeybee.From nutritive value, feed contg. animal protein is higher than vegetable protein feed and single-cell protein.(as soybean, soya-bean cake etc., because the vitamin that contains and fat can not be digested and assimilated, honeybee is easy to get " bulky belly "; ) genetically engineered soybean proportion in bean product is more and more higher now, although do not have genetically engineered soybean powder to grow disadvantageous relevant report to honeybee, transgenic product can by bee product as bee honey and royal jelly etc. enters the food chain of people.In order to avoid being mixed into transgenic material, substituting defatted soy flour with degreasing yellow meal worm powder, malt flour, beer yeast powder mixing assembly feed is ideal chose.
Yellow meal worm formal name used at school: TenebriomolitorLinne, another name: tenebrio molitor, Cabot's Tragopan, be commonly called as bread worm.Belong to Arthropoda, Insecta, coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, mealworm belongs to.Its whole growth and breeding process has ovum phase, larval phase, pupa time, adult stage four-stage, belongs to complete metamorphosis.Yellow meal worm has a very wide distribution, aboundresources, be the more comprehensive insect feedstuff of amino acid content, yellow meal worm contains higher protein, the protein content of Yellow meal worm larva and adult is respectively 55% and 62%, also containing nutriments such as fat, carbohydrate, inorganic salts, vitamins.The protein content of cadmium yellow mealworm is higher than egg, milk, tussah chrysalis and pig, beef or mutton, very nearly the same with fish protein content.The protein content of yellow meal worm dry powder is between 48%-54%, it is excellent animal protein, containing 17 seed amino acids (tryptophan undetermined) in Yellow meal worm larva body, A wide selection of colours and designs, composition rationally, containing each seed amino acid needed for honeybee, what bee larva growth needs were more has leucine, isoleucine and valine etc.This three seed amino acids content of yellow meal worm is all very high.Yellow meal worm Mineral element content is very abundant, and especially Zn content is high, also containing many trace elements.The wherein content of potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus high and trace elements iron, copper, zinc, manganese, selenium, the vitamin B1 of yellow meal worm, the content of B2, E, D are also higher.
Honeybee can not manufacture whole amino acid, mostly obtains proteins from one's food, after digestion, resolve into each seed amino acid, then by Ribosome biogenesis oneself protein matter.What bee larva growth needs were more has leucine, isoleucine and valine etc.In pollen or man-made feeds, the content of protein also has impact to the worker bee life-span.The Feed Energy that protein level is higher improves worker bee survival rate, extends the worker bee life-span.When feed protein is not enough, bee larva is easily abandoned by worker bee.
The total protein content average out to 24.65% of pollen.Do not reach the desirable level of 30% ~ 35% far away, yellow mealworm protein content is high and cultivation is easy, is valuable animal protein source.Increase dietary protein level with yellow meal worm powder as honeybee forage additive, to the physique of honeybee, strong and reproductive capacity improves a lot.
Mineral matter is that bee larva grows indispensable nutrition, and mineral matter is combined with enzyme, makes enzyme activation help metabolism, if mineral deficiency, enzyme cannot normally work metabolism activity.Vitamin maintains honeybee to grow necessary active material, though consumption is little, effect greatly, once lack, will cause honeybee body physiological disorders, the movable stopping such as glandular development and secretion.Water soluble vitamin is that honeybee normal growth grows requisite nutriment, and larva normal development needs B family vitamin.Vitamin can strengthen the nurture ability of bee colony, cultivates strong group, thus improves the production performance (mainly royal jelly output) of bee colony.In the normal feed resource of honeybee, usually can there is a certain biostearin lack phenomenon.Therefore, the appropriate material added containing A wide selection of colours and designs vitamin, has certain facilitation to raising royal jelly output and swarm breeding.Vitamin A and E can strengthen the immunologic function of honeybee.Vitamin C contributes to extending bee life.In diet, add vitamin C, bee life can be made to extend 15.6%.Honeybee body can not self synthetic vitamin, so must by food supply, if honeybee lacks certain vitamin or certain vitamin undersupply, can cause metabolism disorder, growth retardation, reproductive capacity and viability decline, and disease also occurs thereupon.Mulberries, brewer's yeast, wheat embryo all contain abundant vitamin and mineral matter.
Yeast is also more satisfactory honeybee feed, and it can supplement still unascertained trophic factor, vitamin and main nutrient.In pollen substitute, comparatively ideal yeast is brewer's yeast.Brewer's yeast belongs to high-grade protein source, crude protein content 52%-53%.Dry beer yeast contains the zymosan of 25%-30%, mainly glucan and mannosan.Analysis of Polysaccharide From Saccharomyces Cerevisiae has antivirus action, containing abundant B family vitamin, amino acid, mineral matter and UGF.The content of brewer's yeast mineral is also quite abundant, every kilogram of phosphorous 1290mg, potassium 2000mg, calcium 80mg, magnesium 20mg, iron 21mg.
Plumule is the root of wheat life, is that wheat Middle nutrition is worth the highest part.Wheat embryo is the elite extracted from good quality wheat grain, is rich in proteins,vitamins,minerals, amino acid.It is the nutriment of a kind of high protein, homovitamin E, low-heat, low fat, low cholesterol.Mineral matter etc. is planted containing vitamin B complex, vitamin D, unrighted acid, nucleic acid, folic acid, n-octacosanol and calcium, iron, zinc, selenium etc. more than 10, it is the supply source of ideal minor metallic element, " warehouse of natural VE ", reduced sugar containing 3%-4% in wheat malt, the solubility glue of 2%-4%, the cellulose of more than 10% and hemicellulose, the lipoid of 2%-3%, the amino acid of 1%-2% and polypeptide and a large amount of there are bioactive iron, zinc, selenium, calcium etc.Containing a large amount of A-amylase in Wheat Sprout Powder.Wheat comprehensive nutrition, every nutritive index all meets honeybee requirement, and be desirable honeybee feed, if wheat is made wheat-germ meal, then nutritive value is higher, and more honeybee liked.Containing the multiple nutrients material except vitamin C in wheat, the crude fiber content in wheat is extremely low, and Starch Conversion is become maltose and glucose, is is more easily digested and assimilated by honeybee, and honeybee can also be stimulated to take food.Therefore in feed, add malt flour contribute to the digestion of honeybee to food.
Mulberries contain a large amount of moisture content (80%-85%), also containing compositions such as crude fibre (0.91%), protein (0.38%), invert sugar (9.19%), free acid (1.86%), VB1 (0.053%), VB2 (0.02%), VC (1.02%), carrotene, rutin, myricetin, morin, rutin sophorin, tannin, anthocyanidin (being mainly Cyanidin), volatile oil, mineral matter and trace element, phosphatide, resveratrols.Wherein the content of trace element molybdenum is 4.6 μ g/kg, first of all kinds of fruits.With phosphatidylcholine content the highest (32.15%) in main phospholipid fraction, be secondly lysophosphatidyl choline (19.30%) and phosphatidyl-ethanolamine (15.91%).Containing 18 seed amino acids in mulberries.In addition in mulberry seed oil, unsaturated fatty acid content is 81.2% (linoleic acid).Containing multiple polyphenoils in mulberries, Determination of Polyphenols is 1.6mg/g ~ 3.7mg/g, and general flavone content is 2.4mg/g ~ 4.1mg/g, VC content is 1.3mg/g ~ 2.9mg/g.The content of mulberries oxidation resistance and its anthocyanin and total phenol is obvious correlation, containing many kinds of substance in mulberries, can effective scavenging free radicals, induction promotes the activity of antioxidase in body, thus improve the oxidation resistance of body, develop immunitypty: and can the average life span of significant prolongation fruit bat and maximum life span, improve the ability of circling in the air of fruit bat.The general principle of mulberries raising immunity may be the increment of its energy immune stimulatory cell, and the growth of Promote immunity system is the mode of very effective and safe raising immunity.Find to contain in every 100 grams of mulberries powder: 4.1mgVE, 43.3mg rutin, 15.7mg morin, 3.8mg Quercetin, 1.2mg myricetin, 6.3g linoleic acid, 18.7g dietary fiber.
Containing large quantity of moisture (80% ~ 85%) in fresh mulberries, in addition containing total reducing sugar (12% ~ 15%, wherein invert sugar is 9.19%), free acid (0.3% ~ 1.86%), vitamin B1 (0.053%), vitamin B2 (0.02%), vitamin C (1.02%, 22 ~ 39mg/100g), crude fibre (0.91%), crude protein (0.8% ~ 1.8%, wherein protein is 0.36%), carrotene, rutin, myricetin, morin, rutin, tannin, anthocyanidin (being mainly Cyanidin), volatile oil (is mainly Cineole and geraniol, phosphatide (mainly contains phosphatid ylcholine, lysophosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl-ethanolamine etc.), mineral matter (iron 20 ~ 30mg/100g, calcium 30 ~ 140mg/100g, potassium, phosphorus etc.) etc. composition.Main containing lipid and several amino acids in seed, aliphatic acid main in lipid has linoleic acid (79.37%), palmitic acid (8.57%), oleic acid (7.45%), stearic acid (3.96%), leukotrienes (0.61%), myristic acid, palmitoleic acid etc.Amino acid content is 0.8% ~ 1.5%, and its kind is asparatate, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline etc. 18 kinds.Adopt cryodesiccated method that the material in mulberries is concentrated, nutrient is able to intact preservation, uses also very convenient.
Because natural pollen price is high, source not enough, honeybee needs can not be met far away, therefore bee keeper commonly uses manual manufacture mixed feed, to reduce pollen consumption.The mixed feed of honeybee refers to the man-made feeds (also known as pollen substitute) through science processing preparation, partly or entirely substitute natural feed, to guarantee that honeybee grows and various nutraceutical supply needed for bee colony life. the main purpose of pollen substitute of feeding is the deficiency of proteins,vitamins,and minerals in supplementary honeybee forage, thus will select protein and the higher raw material of vitamin content.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage and preparation method thereof.Degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage raw material sources of the present invention are not only confined to the conventional feed such as honey, Bee Pollen, white granulated sugar, also have selected other raw materials such as degreasing yellow meal worm powder, mulberries freeze-dried powder, expand the source of honeybee forage, and also reduce feeding cost.
Degreasing yellow meal worm powder makes an addition to the problem that the technical task that will solve in honeybee forage is addition and whether degreasing, adopts the yellow meal worm in what growth period in addition, also has the problem of how degreasing, and the determination of yellow meal worm baking temperature and time.The technical task that will solve when adding mulberries is with fresh fruit, still selects dry fruit, and adopts the problem of what mode drying.
Potein deficiency or surplus all can cause adverse effect to hive gesture, also can cause the waste of feed.Note the protein supply level keeping bee colony suitable.Spring numerous phase feeding apis mellifera protein level is the feed of 31.8%, can obtain maximum total product amount.When dietary protein level is 30% ~ 35%, bee colony is the strongst.It is 25% ~ 45% the most applicable in bee protein matter feed, adding degreasing yellow meal worm powder amount through experiment.Why adopt the yellow meal worm powder through degreasing, this is because fatty too high levels in yellow meal worm, crude fat 28.90%-37.64%, pupa 26.80%-30.43%, adult 17.14%-19.27% in larva body.Should not digest under excess fat honeybee food, honeybee can be caused to rise belly and food refusal, after degreasing, solve this problem.The smell that yellow meal worm powder has it special, need add a certain amount of honey and hide yellow meal worm powder smell when preparing degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage.
Its adult of yellow meal worm defines distinctive chemical defense mechanisms in long-term struggle for existence process, and namely passage divides abdomen end defensive glands release of turning up to provide the poisonous secretion of penetrating odor.The whole growth and breeding process of yellow meal worm powder has ovum phase, larval phase, pupa time, adult stage four-stage, only in Yellow meal worm larva and pupa, do not detect this poisonous secretion, therefore this worm of application as selecting this 2 kinds of worm states during bee protein feed, thus guarantee its security as resource insect.When choice for use Yellow meal worm larva, suggestion adopts and grows more than 45 days.Cellulase now in bloom polypide just can reach peak.
The dry production method of traditional mulberries is gathered during fruit maturation, cleans, decontamination, dries or omit after steaming and dry or heated-air drying.The present invention adopts vacuum freeze drying.Method is advanced, the material in mulberries is concentrated, and nutrient is able to intact preservation, uses also very convenient.First by mulberries at-18 DEG C of precooling 1h, be then placed in freeze drier and carry out drying, temperature is-80 DEG C, vacuum 0.O1MPa.Cross 100 mesh sieves after pulverizing and obtain mulberry powder.
Beneficial effect
It is of the present invention that degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage has fragrant odour, protein content is high, comprehensive nutrition, the features such as material source is wide, honeybee is liked to eat, nutrition is easily absorbed by honeybee, the such feed of bee gathering can be built up health, and improves honeybee premunition, improves queen bee reproductive capacity, improve the output of royal jelly, honey, and this feed cost of raw material is low, reduces the cost of raising honeybee, obtained popularization.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage, is characterized in that, be made up of the component raw material of following weight portion: dry mash 10, honey 1-3, white granulated sugar 7-9.
Described dry mash is mixed by the raw material components of following weight percents: natural pollen 15%-25%, degreasing yellow meal worm powder 25%-45%, mulberries freeze-dried powder 3%-9%, wheat embryo 25-45%, beer yeast powder 2%-4%, mould inhibitor 0.10%-0.35%, mix, described mould inhibitor adopts citric acid or natrium citricum.
The preparation method of described degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A, dry mash preparation method:
(1) yellow meal worm is put into hot air drier, heated-air drying 3h-4h at 70 DEG C of-80 DEG C of temperature.
(2) the yellow meal worm be baked is cooled, put into pulverizer and pulverize, cross 100 mesh sieves.
(3) by the degreasing of yellow meal worm powder: take yellow meal worm powder in closed container, add normal hexane, 4L/kg, sealing, put into the thermostat water bath of 35 DEG C-40 DEG C, shake lixiviate 1.5h ~ 2h, takes out, carries out decompress filter by Vacuum filtration device, liquid after suction filtration is reloaded in the former container rinsed well, again filter residue is accurately shifted, 70 DEG C-80 DEG C oven dry, be degreasing yellow meal worm powder;
(4) mulberries freeze-dried powder preparation method: select the mulberries that 8 ripe, not damaged rots, clean after destemming, mulberries surface moisture is dried in draft chamber, first by mulberries at-18 DEG C of precooling 1h, then be placed in freeze drier and carry out drying, baking temperature is-80 DEG C, vacuum 0.O1MPa, pulverized 100 mesh sieves and obtain mulberry powder after freeze drying;
(5) malt flour preparation method; Wheat is eluriated impurity elimination, and soak after diel with clean water, through 24h ~ 36h vernalization under 30 DEG C of conditions, Fructus Hordei Germinatus is about 1cm, then Fructus Hordei Germinatus is dried grind powder malt flour;
(6) pollen is used ozone generator sterilizing, brewer's yeast is pulverized for subsequent use;
(7) by formula rate by pollen and degreasing yellow meal worm powder, mulberries freeze-dried powder, malt flour, beer yeast powder, that mould inhibitor is mixed and made into dry mash is for subsequent use;
B, allotment:
(1) first dry mash is put into clean basin, then pour the water of the 25%-35% of mixed powder gross weight into, stir, leave standstill 4h-5h, allow water suck fully in dry mash, obtain compound;
(2) in the mixed powder material soaked, admix honey by formula rate, stir, to cover the smell of yellow meal worm powder, then white granulated sugar is admixed by formula rate, and mix into loose powdery thoroughly, humidity is agglomerating for being pinched, and namely obtains degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage.
The feeding method of described degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage, it is characterized in that: the honeybee spleen of sky is lain in large plastic casing, the mixed feed mixed is poured into honeybee spleen, fill up each honeycomb, fill one side, then fill with another side, fill with spleen and leave standstill after 3 days-4 days with syrup brush spleen, hang over after brushing for bee gathering in case, or mixed fodder is kneaded be put on honeybee spleen beam and allow worker honeybees foraging activity eat.
Detailed description of the invention:
One, the formula of degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage:
By the proteinaceous benchmark that is not all of honeybee the strongst desired nutritional composition and different pollen institute to design artifical compound feed, feed ingredient and batching, using protein feeds as dry mash, the dry mash prepared is loaded in bag and seals sack, when feeding and honey and white granulated sugar in proportion (10: 2: 8) mix, make honeybee spleen or pinch agglomerating hello honeybee, wherein, dry mash is mixed by the raw material components of following weight percents: natural pollen 15%-25%, degreasing yellow meal worm powder 25%-45%, mulberries freeze-dried powder 3%-9%, wheat embryo 25%-45%, beer yeast powder 2%-4%, mould inhibitor 0.10%-0.35%, mix, each matter percentage sum 100%.
Embodiment 1: formula
Dry mash 500g, water 125 ~ 175g, honey 100g, white sugar 400g, empty honeybee spleen 1 ~ 1.5, the wherein composition of dry mash: natural pollen 20%, degreasing yellow meal worm powder 35%, mulberries freeze-dried powder 6%, wheat embryo 34.8%, beer yeast powder 4%, citric acid 0.2%
Preparation method:
1, degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage preparation method:
(1) degreasing yellow meal worm powder, mulberries freeze-dried powder, malt flour.Described in preparation method sees above.
(2) allocate: first pollen and degreasing yellow meal worm powder, mulberries freeze-dried powder, malt flour, beer yeast powder, mould inhibitor are mixed and made into dry mash and put into clean basin.Then pour appropriate water into, stir, allow water suck feed meal fully.
(3) feed meal will be made to soak and need leave standstill 5h.
(4) in the mixed feed meal soaked, admix honey by formula, stir, to cover yellow meal worm powder smell.
(5) in mixed feed meal, admix white granulated sugar by formula rate again, with scoop sugar and powder all clapped and brokenly mix evenly, mix any and to roll into a ball when all not having as well.
(6) fill with spleen: lie in large plastic casing by the honeybee spleen of sky, the mixed fodder scoop mixed is shoveled on honeybee spleen, and pollen can fall in each honeycomb, until when filling, with scoop, pollen is filled in nest hole, until fill up with whitewashing.Fill one side, then fill with another side, filling spleen with syrup brush spleen, hung in case for subsequent use after 3 days after brushing.Or mixed fodder kneaded to be put on honeybee spleen beam allow worker honeybees foraging activity eat.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage, fill a prescription as follows:
Dry mash 500g, water 125 ~ 175g, honey 100g, white sugar 400g, empty honeybee spleen 1 ~ 1.5, the wherein composition of dry mash: natural pollen 0%, degreasing yellow meal worm powder 45%, mulberries freeze-dried powder 6%, wheat embryo 44.8%, beer yeast powder 4%, natrium citricum 0.2%.
Embodiment 3:
Dry mash 500g, water 125 ~ 175g, honey 100g, white sugar 400g, empty honeybee spleen 1 ~ 1.5, the wherein composition of dry mash: natural pollen 0%, degreasing yellow meal worm powder 45%, mulberries freeze-dried powder 5%, Astragalus Root P.E are brown color or pale powder (Astragaloside IV, astragalus polyose) 1%, wheat embryo 44.8%, beer yeast powder 4%, natrium citricum 0.2%.
Preparation method, with embodiment 1, adopts when feeding and fills with spleen method, need empty honeybee spleen 1 ~ 1.5.
Annotation: honeybee spleen is also called honeycomb, and the nest stencil plate of honeybee is made, several plate objects are from below beehive top falls to, and its two sides arranges neat hexagonal cells, is referred to as honeycomb.Honey, pollen are stored in the lair of honeycomb by worker bee.They also polish lair with propolis, lay eggs wherein for queen bee.Empty honeybee spleen does not store honey, pollen, again without the honeycomb of honeybee little son.
1, palatability testing:
A group: the degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage of the present embodiment 1:
B group: common Bee Pollen (assorted pollen)
C group: commercially available honeybee forage (Main Ingredients and Appearance is defatted soy flour)
Result of the test:
Pie made by feed, and in same bee colony, on same frame beam, point three sections of equivalent place above Three feed respectively, and within second day, observe, A group and B group, all taken food completely by honeybee, the two indifference; And C group most by honeybee except abandoning at the bottom of case.Visible honeybee is liked taking food degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage of the present invention, shows degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage good palatability.After using the present invention, there is not the malaise symptoms such as diarrhoea in honeybee.
2, reproductive capacity and group's gesture measure:
1. the honeybee forage using the present embodiment 1 to prepare is fed honeybee 10 groups.
2. three groups of control groups respectively: often organize honeybee 3 groups.
Assorted pollen feed is used to feed honeybee a as a control group.
Commercially available honeybee forage (Main Ingredients and Appearance is defatted soy flour) is used to feed honeybee b as a control group.
The honeybee forage that adopts common white sugar to be raw material is used to feed honeybee c as a control group.
Result of the test:
In numerous season in spring, experiment bee colony organizes single spleen to carry out breeding in spring after bee colony survives the winter, and every case half sweet spleen adds a powder spleen, adds powder spleen by bee colony group gesture, and the honeybee spleen number that the honeybee in the beehive of inspection statistics climbs full honeybee frame represents that bee colony is strong and weak.Experiment duration 60 days.Experiment starts to start statistic in latter 20 days, and every 20 days thereafter statistics once.
The output of honey and weather, adolescence, the quantity of every group of honeybees and the ratio of sweet spleen and sub-spleen have much relations.Therefore can only calculate with number of times of extracting honey.Honeybee eats the present embodiment 1,2 degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage and control group a.Can gathering honey 6-7 time.Adopt control group b at the rape florescence in spring of the 3-4 month, can gathering honey 5 times.Common white sugar is adopted to be the honeybee forage of raw material, the rape florescence in spring, only can gathering honey 3-4 time.
Sub-spleen number: comprise capping and ovum worm spleen
As can be seen from table, this patent feed compared with assorted pollen feed, reproductive capacity and group's gesture increment very nearly the same; Compared with commercially available honeybee forage (being mainly defatted soy flour), the reproductive capacity of this patent Apis mellifera of feeding increases by 43.42%, and group's gesture increases by 44.45%; Compared with common white sugar, reproductive capacity increases by 117.00%, and group's gesture increases by 1.6 times.
Description of the invention and application are illustrative; not want by scope restriction of the present invention in the above-described embodiments; therefore; the present invention is not by the restriction of the present embodiment; anyly do not depart from function and structure principle of the present invention, the technical scheme adopting equivalent replacement to obtain is all in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. a degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage, is characterized in that, is made up of the component raw material of following weight portion: dry mash 10, honey 1-3, white granulated sugar 7-9, water are appropriate;
Described dry mash is mixed by the raw material components of following weight percents: natural pollen 15%-25%, degreasing yellow meal worm powder 25%-45%, mulberries freeze-dried powder 3%-9%, wheat embryo 25-45%, beer yeast powder 2%-4%, mould inhibitor 0.10%-0.35%, mix, described mould inhibitor adopts citric acid or natrium citricum.
2. the preparation method of degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A, dry mash preparation method:
(1) yellow meal worm is put into hot air drier, heated-air drying 3h-4h at 70 DEG C of-80 DEG C of temperature;
(2) the yellow meal worm be baked is cooled, put into pulverizer and pulverize, cross 100 mesh sieves;
(3) by the degreasing of yellow meal worm powder: take yellow meal worm powder in closed container, add normal hexane, 4L/kg, sealing, put into the thermostat water bath of 35 DEG C-40 DEG C, shake lixiviate 1.5h ~ 2h, takes out, carries out decompress filter by Vacuum filtration device, liquid after suction filtration is reloaded in the former container rinsed well, again filter residue is accurately shifted, 70 DEG C-80 DEG C oven dry, be degreasing yellow meal worm powder;
mulberries freeze-dried powder preparation method: select the mulberries that 8 ripe, not damaged rots, clean after destemming, mulberries surface moisture is dried in draft chamber, first by mulberries at-18 DEG C of precooling 1h, then be placed in freeze drier and carry out drying, baking temperature is-80 DEG C, vacuum 0.O1MPa, pulverized 100 mesh sieves and obtain mulberry powder after freeze drying;
(5) malt flour preparation method; Wheat is eluriated impurity elimination, and soak after diel with clean water, through 24h ~ 36h vernalization under 30 DEG C of conditions, Fructus Hordei Germinatus is about 1cm, then Fructus Hordei Germinatus is dried or dries grind powder malt flour;
(6) pollen is used ozone generator sterilizing, brewer's yeast is pulverized for subsequent use;
(7) by formula rate by pollen and degreasing yellow meal worm powder, mulberries freeze-dried powder, malt flour, beer yeast powder, that mould inhibitor is mixed and made into dry mash is for subsequent use;
B, allotment:
(1) first dry mash is put into clean basin, then pour the water of the 25%-35% of mixed powder gross weight into, stir, leave standstill 4h-5h, allow water suck fully in dry mash, obtain compound;
(2) in the mixed powder material soaked, admix honey by formula rate, stir, to cover the smell of yellow meal worm powder, then white granulated sugar is admixed by formula rate, and mix into loose powdery thoroughly, humidity is agglomerating for being pinched, and namely obtains degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage.
3. the feeding method of degreasing yellow meal worm powder honeybee forage as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the honeybee spleen of sky is lain in large plastic casing, the mixed feed mixed is poured into honeybee spleen, fill up each honeycomb, fill one side, then fill with another side, fill with spleen and leave standstill after 3 days-4 days with syrup brush spleen, hang over after brushing for bee gathering in case, or mixed fodder is kneaded be put on honeybee spleen beam and allow worker honeybees foraging activity eat.
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| CN107593622A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-19 | 孝感市鲁建农业开发有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Se-enriched honey |
| CN109892496A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-18 | 北京中京丰创科技有限公司 | A kind of honeybee forage composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN112189759A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-08 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Bee feed and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN103392938A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-20 | 山东农业大学 | Pollen substitute forage specially for honeybee breeding in spring and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106360157A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2017-02-01 | 广西田林县林子蚂蜂养殖科技有限公司 | Feed for wasp breeding |
| CN107593622A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-19 | 孝感市鲁建农业开发有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Se-enriched honey |
| CN109892496A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-18 | 北京中京丰创科技有限公司 | A kind of honeybee forage composition and preparation method thereof |
| CN112189759A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-08 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | Bee feed and preparation method and application thereof |
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