CN103385386B - Artificial synthesized feed for proxenuslepigone moschler and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Artificial synthesized feed for proxenuslepigone moschler and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses artificial synthesized feed for proxenuslepigone moschler and a preparation method thereof. The feed adopts wheat bran and mushroom powder as main components and comprises whole meal flour, peptone, and other auxiliary materials. The proxenuslepigone moschler which is fed by the feed in a certain ratio has significantly improved survival rate, pupation rate, eclosion rate and single-female egg laying amount. The feed cannot be influenced by seasons and is free from pesticide or other residual components. In addition, the feed is prepared by a microwave oven with simple operation, the preparation amount can be controlled and the feed can be prepared when needed, thereby improving the feed utilization rate and solving a problem that too much feed is prepared for one time and needs to be stored in a refrigerator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial synthetic diet and preparation method thereof, be specifically related to a kind of synthetic diet on probation during for 2 of artificial propagations committee noctuid and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
2 committee noctuids (Proxenus lepigone Moschler) belong to Lepidoptera Lepidoptera Noctuidae Noctuidae, committee's Noctua.2 committee noctuids are as research and controlling object on corn, especially carry out the research work such as biology, chemical prevention, steriliation by irradiation, study its artificial synthetic diet and mass rearing reproduction technique, solve examination worm supply problem, to Maize Production, be very important, because 2 committee noctuids are new hair style insect, its captive breeding technology feed is also immature, available technology adopting maize leaves is as natural feed, but maize leaves is subject to the impact in season and remains agricultural chemicals, research and the preventing and controlling of 2 committee noctuids have so just been hindered.
Two select committee noctuid, and in field, mainly to take Wheat Straw, corn root be food, to cellulosic, be in great demand, in the disclosed technical scheme of Chinese patent publication No. CN102835596A and CN102919563A, all ignored 2 committee noctuids to cellulosic wilderness demand, the cellulose components adding in feed is less; Chinese patent publication No. CN102578432A discloses a kind of man-made feeds of 2 committee's exigua larvaes, in this feed using Amaranthus retroflexus leaf powder for 2 committee's exigua larvae feeds as primary raw material, and Amaranthus retroflexus is weeds in field, only be distributed in China small part area, and be subject to seasonal restriction, in most areas or the time be difficult to obtain, cause difficulty to 2 committee's exigua larvaes of raising, be not easy to implement, and the normal enrichment nitrate of this plant, larva is excessive may cause after edible poisoning.Chinese patent publication No. CN102630829A discloses a kind of 2 committee's exigua larvae feeds and preparation method thereof, in this feed, containing casein is a kind of albumen condensate, add to and in feed, feed 2 committee's exigua larvaes, be difficult for being digested and assimilated by 2 committee's exigua larvaes, affect the immunity of its larva; And adopt the mode of boiling when prepared by this feed, its weak point is that one time to produce is more, and unnecessary feed re-uses after refrigerator storage, be heated and easily produce a large amount of globules, cause the death of 2 committee's exigua larvaes very high.
Summary of the invention
For existing 2 deficiencies that committee's noctuid man-made feeds exist, the invention provides artificial synthetic diet of a kind of 2 committee noctuids and preparation method thereof, it is main component that this feed be take wheat bran powder, mushroom powder, with other auxiliary materials such as wholemeal, peptone, form, adopt the feed of certain proportioning to raise 2 committee noctuids, its survival rate, percentage of pupation, eclosion rate, single female egg laying amount all significantly improves; And feed can not be subject to the impact in season, can not contain the residual components such as agricultural chemicals yet; Meanwhile, this feed adopts micro-wave oven to be prepared, and simple to operate, amount of preparation is controlled, is used while allocating, and has improved efficiency of feed utilization, has solved the more problem that is stored in refrigerator of feed one time to produce.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
The artificial synthetic diet of a kind of 2 committee noctuids, its proportioning is counted by weight: wheat bran powder 25-35 part, wholemeal 8-14 part, mushroom powder 4-10 part, peptone 2-6 part, soy meal 4-8 part, corn flour 4-10 part, vitamin C 0.9-1.4 part, dusty yeast 3-9 part, formaldehyde 0.5-1 part, sorbic acid 0.5-1 part, agar powder 6-8 part.
Inventor finds after deliberation, contains multiple nutritional labeling in this feed, can meet the needs of 2 committee's noctuid growths completely.Because wheat bran powder contains abundant dietary fiber and B group vitamin, 2 growing of noctuid of committee are had to important function, reduced the autotomy phenomenon of 2 committee's exigua larvaes, therefore the consumption of wheat bran powder is limited to weight portion 25-35 part.
Described mushroom powder is the fresh mushroom without agricultural chemicals of buying, as mushroom, straw mushroom, flat mushroom and mushroom etc., preferred flat mushroom, its low price, be conveniently easy to get, after rinsing with clear water, control solid carbon dioxide divides, being placed on electric drying oven with forced convection 80 degree dries 24 hours, after oven dry, obtain mushroom dry, adopt again pulverizer by the dry grinds of mushroom, cross 160 mesh sieves, the mushroom powder obtaining is like this fine and smooth, the Impurity removal some can not being ground, make quality of the fodder better, put into drying bottle after finally mushroom powder is cool standby.Raw material of the present invention, except special instruction, is commercially available gained.
Because mushroom nutritional labeling is abundant, it is rich in high protein, low fat, each seed amino acid, mineral matter, the nutritional labeling such as vitamin and polysaccharide, and can promote well the absorption of larva to other food nutritions, therefore the quick healthy growth that is conducive to 2 committee noctuids, during concrete use, can adopt conventional use mushroom, as mushroom, straw mushroom, flat mushroom and mushroom etc., and in use, whole thalline of whole mushroom all can be processed into mushroom powder and use, reduced production cost, in use mushroom to take the weight of its dry weight be use standard, prevent in fresh mushroom moisture more and cause the deficiency of nutriment.If the content of mushroom powder is too low, or cause nutritional labeling not enough, and cause the development time of 2 committee noctuids to extend, lose weight, pupate, eclosion rate reduces; After the same consumption when mushroom is too high, can produce toxicity, thereby cause 2 committee's noctuids food poisonings and death, so the consumption of mushroom powder is 4-10 part.
Described peptone is rich in organonitrogen compound, also contains a large amount of vitamin and carbohydrate.Compare with protein, the molecular weight of described peptone is less, more easily by 2 committee noctuids, is digested and assimilated, and has improved the immunity of organisms of 2 committee noctuids; Described peptone is enough to provide sufficient nutriment for the growth and breeding of 2 committee noctuids, and after adding peptone in described feed and feeding 2 committee noctuids, its larvae pupation rate, eclosion rate all improve.
Described wholemeal is rich in the mineral matters such as protein, carbohydrate, vitamin and calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium; Described soy meal contains rich in protein, unrighted acid, Soluble Fiber and several amino acids; Described corn flour can provide carbohydrate, protein, fat, carrotene, riboflavin and natural complex C, vitamin E; Described vitamin C provides 2 committee's noctuids required vitamins of growing; Described dusty yeast has rich in protein, amino acid, vitamin and trace element, and contain digestive ferment and some unknown growth-stimulating factors, and can promote insect metabolism, be conducive to digest and assimilate, accelerate growing and the performance of production performance of insect, can also improve defending and fighting against diseases ability; Described formaldehyde and sorbic acid are all anticorrisive agents, sorbic acid is the food additives of generally recognized as safe, efficient corrosion resisting, be mainly used in killing fungi, mould, and formaldehyde all has good inhibition to bacterium, fungi, adopt micro-anticorrisive agent to make the freshness during 2 committee noctuids are edible, guarantee growing of 2 committee noctuids; Described agar powder is as stabilizing agent, and its Main Function is that each component in feed formula is frozen into piece, makes feed be easy to use.
Although what each component in feed formula provided is mainly cellulose, protein, amino acid, mineral matter etc., but amount contained in each composition is different again, nutrient balance is the key problem of development man-made feeds, the imbalance of food nourishment composition affects growing of 2 committee's exigua larvaes, because the imbalance of nutritional labeling need to increase metabolism and excretion activity, delay the growth of larva and the conversion efficiency of reduction food, finally have influence on the g and D of larva.For life habit and the feeding habits of 2 committee noctuids, inventor has provided the best proportioning of the artificial synthetic diet of 2 committee noctuids, counts by weight: 30 parts, wheat bran powder, 12 parts of wholemeals, 8 parts of mushroom powders, 4 parts of peptones, 6 parts of soy meals, 8 parts of corn flours, 1.2 parts of vitamin Cs, 6 parts of dusty yeasts, 1 part, formaldehyde, 1 part of sorbic acid, agar powder 6-8 part.
In addition, it is main component that the present invention be take wheat bran powder and mushroom powder by described feed formula, and this is not only because contained nutritional labeling is high in wheat bran powder and mushroom powder, and has well controlled viscosity and the sugariness of feed.If viscosity and sugariness are too large, newly hatched larvae is easily stuck and death.
The method of the artificial synthetic diet that preparation is described, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) by wheat bran powder, mushroom powder, peptone, wholemeal, corn flour, soy meal, dusty yeast, sterilizing, mixes by formula rate, then adds the water of 1-2 times of weight, stirs, and the mixed liquor that ferments 25-40 minute to obtain is stand-by;
(2) agar powder is joined according to formula rate in the water of 20-30 times of weight, after microwave-oven-heating dissolves, then add sorbic acid according to formula rate, stir, make agar solution;
(3) agar solution step (2) being obtained is poured in the mixed liquor in step (1), stirs, and is cooled to 50-60 ℃, then add formaldehyde, vitamin C by formula rate, stirs, and cooling to make feed standby.
The equipment that sterilizing described in step (1) adopts is vertical pressure steam sterilizer, and its model is LDZX-50KBS, purchases in Shenan Medical Appliances Factory, Shanghai.
Described in step (1), the temperature of sterilizing is 110-130 ℃, and the time is 1.5-2.5 hour, to kill pathogenic microorganisms, with this, guarantees quality of the fodder, improves the survival rate of 2 committee noctuids.
Described in step (3), the mass fraction of formaldehyde is 5 ‰.If mass fraction is excessive, unfavorable to the growth of insect, if mass fraction is too little, bacterium, fungi are not had to inhibition.
Vitamin C described in the present invention is marketed tablet product, and needing in use pulverizes adds.
Adopt the artificial synthetic diet making in this way, wherein each kind of nutritional labeling can not influence each other, and can play good coordinative role, reached mutual balance to each other, add wheat bran powder cheap and easy to get, met the demand of 2 committee's noctuid dietary fibers; Add nutritious mushroom powder, promoted well the absorption of larva to other nutrition; The peptone adding is rich in organonitrogen compound, also contains a large amount of vitamin and carbohydrate, more easily by 2 committee noctuids, is digested and assimilated, and has improved the immunity of organisms of 2 committee noctuids; Adopt other raw materials such as wholemeal, soy meal, further increased the required nutrition of 2 committee noctuids; Adopt micro-anticorrisive agent to make the freshness during 2 committee noctuids are edible, guarantee growing of 2 committee noctuids.
The artificial synthetic diet that adopts formula of the present invention to prepare, has improved survival rate and the breeding potential of 2 committee noctuids, has reduced reproductive-cost and risk.Adopt micro-wave oven preparation simultaneously, simple to operate, amount of preparation is controlled, be used while allocating, improved efficiency of feed utilization, solved that feed one time to produce morely need to be stored in refrigerator, the feed surface of taking out from refrigerator while using produces the globule and make feed mouldy or make 2 committee noctuids because of moist dead problems.
In sum, artificial synthetic 2 the committee's noctuid feeds that adopt said ratio and preparation method to make, effectively reduce the death rate while raising for 2 committee noctuids of examination, realized whole year for the raising for 2 committee noctuids of examination, this synthetic diet is to raising for 2 committee noctuids of examination simultaneously, its survival rate, percentage of pupation, eclosion rate, single female egg laying amount, all higher than 2 committee noctuids that adopt existing artificial synthetic diet to feed, for the regular supply for 2 committee noctuids of examination provides strong condition.Owing to having adopted the raw materials such as wheat bran powder, mushroom powder, peptone as nutriment, both reduced cost, also guaranteed the nutritional labeling of 2 committee's whole nursing phases of noctuid, owing to can not containing the residual components such as agricultural chemicals in artificial synthetic feed, the survival rate and the breeding potential that have improved 2 committee noctuids, reduced reproductive-cost and risk.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
An artificial synthetic diet for 2 committee noctuids, its proportioning is counted by weight: wheat bran powder 25g, wholemeal 10g, mushroom powder 4g, peptone 2g, soy meal 4g, corn flour 6g, vitamin C 1g, dusty yeast 3g, formaldehyde 0.5g, sorbic acid 0.8g, agar powder 6g.
The preparation method of described artificial synthetic diet, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) by wheat bran powder, mushroom powder, peptone, wholemeal, corn flour, soy meal, dusty yeast, adopt vertical pressure steam sterilizer sterilizing 2.5 hours at 110 ℃ of temperature, mix according to the above ratio, add again 54mL water, stir, the mixed liquor that ferments 25 minutes to obtain, stand-by;
(2) agar powder is joined in 120mL water according to aforementioned proportion, after microwave-oven-heating dissolves, then add sorbic acid according to formula rate, stir, make agar solution;
(3) agar solution step (2) being obtained is poured in the mixed liquor in step (1), stirs, and is cooled to 50 ℃, then add formaldehyde, vitamin C by formula rate, stirs, and cooling to make feed standby.
Described in step (3), the mass fraction of formaldehyde is 5 ‰.
Embodiment 2
An artificial synthetic diet for 2 committee noctuids, its proportioning is counted by weight: wheat bran powder 30g, wholemeal 12g, mushroom powder 8g, peptone 4g, soy meal 6g, corn flour 8g, vitamin C 1.2g, dusty yeast 6g, formaldehyde 1g, sorbic acid 1g, agar powder 7g.
The preparation method of described artificial synthetic diet, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) by wheat bran powder, mushroom powder, peptone, wholemeal, corn flour, soy meal, dusty yeast, adopt vertical pressure steam sterilizer sterilizing 2 hours at 120 ℃ of temperature, mix according to the above ratio, add again 148mL water, stir, the mixed liquor that ferments 30 minutes to obtain, stand-by;
(2) agar powder is joined in 175mL water according to aforementioned proportion, after microwave-oven-heating dissolves, then add sorbic acid according to formula rate, stir, make agar solution;
(3) agar solution step (2) being obtained is poured in the mixed liquor in step (1), stirs, and is cooled to 55 ℃, then add formaldehyde, vitamin C by formula rate, stirs, and cooling to make feed standby.
Described in step (3), the mass fraction of formaldehyde is 5 ‰.
Embodiment 3
An artificial synthetic diet for 2 committee noctuids, its proportioning is counted by weight: wheat bran powder 35g, wholemeal 8g, mushroom powder 10g, peptone 5g, soy meal 8g, corn flour 4g, vitamin C 1.4g, dusty yeast 9g, formaldehyde 0.8g, sorbic acid 0.5g, agar powder 8g.
The preparation method of described artificial synthetic diet, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) by wheat bran powder, mushroom powder, peptone, wholemeal, corn flour, soy meal, dusty yeast, adopt vertical pressure steam sterilizer sterilizing 1.5 hours at 130 ℃ of temperature, mix according to the above ratio, add again 158mL water, stir, the mixed liquor that ferments 40 minutes to obtain, stand-by;
(2) agar powder is joined in 240mL water according to aforementioned proportion, after microwave-oven-heating dissolves, then add sorbic acid according to formula rate, stir, make agar solution;
(3) agar solution step (2) being obtained is poured in the mixed liquor in step (1), stirs, and is cooled to 60 ℃, then add formaldehyde, vitamin C by formula rate, stirs, and cooling to make feed standby.
Described in step (3), the mass fraction of formaldehyde is 5 ‰.
Embodiment 4
An artificial synthetic diet for 2 committee noctuids, its proportioning is counted by weight: wheat bran powder 27g, wholemeal 14g, mushroom powder 6g, peptone 6g, soy meal 5g, corn flour 10g, vitamin C 0.9g, dusty yeast 5g, formaldehyde 0.6g, sorbic acid 0.9g, agar powder 6g.
The preparation method of described artificial synthetic diet, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) by wheat bran powder, mushroom powder, peptone, wholemeal, corn flour, soy meal, dusty yeast, adopt vertical pressure steam sterilizer sterilizing 2 hours at 115 ℃ of temperature, mix according to the above ratio, add again 73mL water, stir, the mixed liquor that ferments 35 minutes to obtain, stand-by;
(2) agar powder is joined in 150mL water according to aforementioned proportion, after microwave-oven-heating dissolves, then add sorbic acid according to formula rate, stir, make agar solution;
(3) agar solution step (2) being obtained is poured in the mixed liquor in step (1), stirs, and is cooled to 50 ℃, then add formaldehyde, vitamin C by formula rate, stirs, and cooling to make feed standby.
Described in step (3), the mass fraction of formaldehyde is 5 ‰.
Experimental example
Under identical condition, adopt respectively the prepared artificial synthetic diet of embodiment 1-4 and natural feed (maize leaves) to feed 2 committee noctuids, be followed successively by A, B, C, D, five groups of test examples of E, process for every group and repeat 10 times.In every group of insect box, connect 24 newly hatched larvaes, every day in pupa time, 24h divided three periods to observe, and collected in time pupa, performed record.Then every group is processed and to repeat resulting pupa for 10 times and mix, therefrom get at random 20 pairs of male and female pupas, every a pair of diameter of putting into is that the beaker of 10 ㎝ is laid eggs, and adds moistening gauze in beaker, adds the cotton pellet with hydromel.Calculate the survival rate of 2 committee noctuids, percentage of pupation, eclosion rate and single female egg laying amount.The results are shown in Table 1:
Table 1 is raised the effect of 2 committee noctuids
By experimental example, can be found out, 2 committee noctuids that adopt the artificial synthetic diet (A, B, C, D) of embodiment 1-4 gained prepared by formula of the present invention to feed, with employing natural feed (maize leaves, E) feed and compare, its survival rate, percentage of pupation, eclosion rate, single female egg laying amount have larger gap; Simultaneously natural feed (maize leaves) is subject to the impact in season very big, and artificial synthetic diet can remains of pesticide, quite safer.In addition, employing micro-wave oven is prepared, simple to operate, amount of preparation is controlled, be used while allocating, improved efficiency of feed utilization, solved that feed one time to produce morely need to be stored in refrigerator, the feed surface of taking out from refrigerator while using produces the globule and make feed mouldy or make 2 committee noctuids because of moist dead problems.
Claims (6)
- One kind 2 committee noctuids artificial synthetic diets, it is characterized in that: its proportioning is counted by weight: wheat bran powder 25-35 part, wholemeal 8-14 part, mushroom powder 4-10 part, peptone 2-6 part, soy meal 4-8 part, corn flour 4-10 part, vitamin C 0.9-1.4 part, dusty yeast 3-9 part, formaldehyde 0.5-1 part, sorbic acid 0.5-1 part, agar powder 6-8 part;The preparation method of the artificial synthetic diet of described 2 committee noctuids, concrete steps are as follows:(1) by wheat bran powder, mushroom powder, peptone, wholemeal, corn flour, soy meal, dusty yeast, sterilizing, mixes by formula rate, then adds the water of 1-2 times of weight, stirs, and the mixed liquor that ferments 25-40 minute to obtain is stand-by;(2) agar powder is joined according to formula rate in the water of 20-30 times of weight, after microwave-oven-heating dissolves, then add sorbic acid according to formula rate, stir, make agar solution;(3) agar solution step (2) being obtained is poured in the mixed liquor in step (1), stirs, and is cooled to 50-60 ℃, then add formaldehyde, vitamin C by formula rate, stirs, and cooling to make feed standby.
- According to claim 12 committee noctuids artificial synthetic diet, it is characterized in that: its proportioning is counted by weight: 30 parts, wheat bran powder, 12 parts of wholemeals, 8 parts of mushroom powders, 4 parts of peptones, 6 parts of soy meals, 8 parts of corn flours, 1.2 parts of vitamin Cs, 6 parts of dusty yeasts, 1 part, formaldehyde, 1 part of sorbic acid, agar powder 6-8 part.
- 3. the method for artificial synthetic diet of 2 committee noctuids described in preparation claim 1, is characterized in that:Concrete steps are as follows:(1) by wheat bran powder, mushroom powder, peptone, wholemeal, corn flour, soy meal, dusty yeast, sterilizing, mixes by formula rate, then adds the water of 1-2 times of weight, stirs, and the mixed liquor that ferments 25-40 minute to obtain is stand-by;(2) agar powder is joined according to formula rate in the water of 20-30 times of weight, after microwave-oven-heating dissolves, then add sorbic acid according to formula rate, stir, make agar solution;(3) agar solution step (2) being obtained is poured in the mixed liquor in step (1), stirs, and is cooled to 50-60 ℃, then add formaldehyde, vitamin C by formula rate, stirs, and cooling to make feed standby.
- 4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the equipment that sterilizing described in step (1) adopts is vertical pressure steam sterilizer.
- 5. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described in step (1), the temperature of sterilizing is 110-130 ℃, and the time is 1.5-2.5 hour.
- 6. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described in step (3), the mass fraction of formaldehyde is 5 ‰.
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| CN103859233B (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-04-08 | 云南农业大学 | Argyrogramma agnata semi-artificial feed using crofton weed dry powder as main raw material |
| CN105010753A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-04 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Artificially-synthesized feed for athetis dissimilis hampson and preparation method of artificially-synthesized feed |
| CN108013209B (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2020-10-23 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | Artificial fermented feed for feeding larvae of Tirathaba rufivena |
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| CN101433276A (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2009-05-20 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Artificial synthetic feed containing leek maggot |
| CN102578371A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-07-18 | 常熟市汇康食品厂 | Method for producing mushroom powder for feeds |
| CN102919563A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-02-13 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Athetis lepigone artificial feed, preparation method and application thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101433276A (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2009-05-20 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Artificial synthetic feed containing leek maggot |
| CN102919563A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2013-02-13 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Athetis lepigone artificial feed, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102578371A (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-07-18 | 常熟市汇康食品厂 | Method for producing mushroom powder for feeds |
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| 二点委夜蛾的生物学特性研究初报;白雪峰等;《中国植保导刊》;20121231;第32卷(第1期);第31-33页 * |
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