CN110200174A - A kind of production method of artificial bee bread pollen spleen - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of production methods of artificial bee bread pollen spleen, are made of empty honeycomb and the artificial bee bread being filled in sky honeycomb；The artificial bee bread includes following raw material components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of Bee Pollen, 5-7 parts of Non-transgenic soybean extract powder, 1-2 parts of yeast powder, white granulated sugar 12-18 parts high-quality, 0.2-0.4 parts of vitamin B compound, 0.1-0.3 parts of vitamin C, 0.4-0.6 parts of salt, 6-9 parts of warm water.The artificial bee bread pollen spleen nutritional ingredient comprehensive and abundant that the present invention makes, can satisfy the growth and breeding demand of honeybee, and be easy to preservation.

Description

A kind of preparation method of artificial bee grain pollen spleen

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of bee breeding, in particular to a preparation method of artificial bee food pollen spleen.

Background technique

Bees need to eat a lot of bee food during the breeding period. Bee food is a mixture of pollen and honey collected by bees in the bee colony to make food stored in the comb spleen. In spring, when the queen bee begins to lay eggs and the bee colony begins to multiply in spring, the pollen source plants are often insufficient, which will cause the colony to reproduce slowly and affect the development of the colony. In order to ensure the healthy development of bee larvae and the healthy life of bee colonies, artificial pollen supplementation is required.

At present, major bee farms basically use pollen or pollen substitutes to make pollen cakes, which are placed on the upper beam of the hive for bees to use, or add natural pollen from the previous year; pollen cakes are placed on the frame beam, Not only will some bees be suppressed, but also bees are inconvenient to use, especially when the queen bee lays eggs in spring, the egg-laying speed will not be controlled, resulting in blind egg-laying. Pollen spleen is the best bee food choice for bees, but often due to improper storage, the pollen becomes moldy and deteriorated, which causes food poisoning after bees eat, and causes digestive system diseases such as diarrhea.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial bee food pollen spleen and a preparation method thereof. The artificial bee grain pollen spleen prepared by the invention is comprehensively rich in nutrients and can meet the nutritional needs of bees during spring breeding.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect of the present invention, an artificial bee ration pollen spleen is provided, which is made from an empty honeycomb spleen and artificial bee food filled in the empty honeycomb spleen; the artificial bee food includes the following raw material components in parts by weight:

10-15 parts of bee pollen, 5-7 parts of non-GMO soybean extract, 1-2 parts of yeast powder, 12-18 parts of white sugar, 0.2-0.4 parts of vitamin B complex, 0.1-0.3 parts of vitamin C, 0.4-0.6 parts of salt servings, 6-9 servings of warm water.

Preferably, the artificial bee food comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

10 parts of bee pollen, 5 parts of non-GMO soybean extract, 1 part of yeast powder, 12 parts of white sugar, 0.3 parts of multivitamin B, 0.2 parts of vitamin C, 0.5 parts of salt, 6 parts of warm water.

Preferably, the bee pollen is the camellia pollen or rape pollen that is collected by bees and artificially produced in the bee farm in summer and autumn.

Preferably, the warm water is boiled and cooled to 40-60°C.

Preferably, the non-transgenic soybean extract is prepared by the following method:

Pulverize the non-transgenic soybean germ or soybean meal, use ethanol aqueous solution as the extraction solvent, heat and reflux for 2-4 times, 1.5-2.5h each time, combine the extracts, recover ethanol until there is no alcohol smell, and continue to concentrate until the relative density is 1.1- 1.2, obtain a concentrated solution; extract the concentrated solution with water-saturated n-butanol three times, combine the n-butanol items, concentrate, dry and pulverize to prepare a non-transgenic soybean extract.

Preferably, the white granulated sugar is commercially available high-quality white granulated sugar; or the grade specified in GB317-2006 is premium or refined white granulated sugar.

The second aspect of the present invention provides the preparation method of the above-mentioned artificial bee ration pollen spleen, comprising the following steps:

(1) After stirring and mixing bee pollen and warm water, let stand for 4-5 hours; then add non-GMO soybean extract and yeast powder, stir evenly; finally add white sugar, vitamin B complex, vitamin C and salt, mix and stir evenly, make artificial bee food;

(2) covering the part of the empty spleen that is not filled with powder, then pouring the artificial bee ration prepared in step (1) into the hive along the spleen sequence, and finally spraying warm water on the spleen filled with artificial bee ration, to Fixed artificial bee food.

Preferably, in step (2), the two upper corners and the center of the empty spleen are covered with a cardboard shell.

Preferably, in step (2), the artificial bee ration is first sprinkled into the hive, and after the holes of the hive are filled to 70-80% of the height, the artificial bee ration is applied to the full hive.

The third aspect of the present invention provides the use of the above-mentioned artificial bee food pollen spleen in the egg laying and reproduction of queen bees.

In the above application, when the queen bee starts to lay eggs in spring, the artificial bee food pollen spleen is inserted into the middle of the bee colony for the queen bee to lay eggs.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

(1) the artificial bee grain pollen spleen of the present invention has a large perfusion area, is suitable for putting into the honeycomb when the temperature in early spring is low, and the bee adjusts the speed of taking the bee grain according to the outside air temperature condition, so as not to make the queen bee in a certain period of time temperature for a short time Too many eggs are laid when the temperature rises, the egg circle is too large when the temperature drops, the number of bees is limited, and the ability to protect the egg spleen is insufficient, and the eggs outside the egg circle are frozen to death, which consumes the queen bee's egg-laying power and the overwintering bee's spit. Ability, is not conducive to spring breeding.

(2) The artificial bee food pollen spleen made by the present invention is comprehensively rich in nutrients and can meet the growth and reproduction needs of bees; especially in the artificial bee food of the present invention, non-transgenic soybean extract is used as a raw material, which is rich in soybean isoflavones It is a pure natural phytoestrogen, which is easily absorbed by bees and quickly replenishes nutrients.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

As described in the Background Art section, bee multiplication in spring refers to an important stage in which bee colonies reproduce from late wintering to early spring, and gradually develop into strong colonies, laying the foundation for a bumper harvest of products. As the main source of protein nutrition for bees, pollen plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining the normal growth, development and reproduction of bee colonies. When the bee colony blooms in spring, due to the lack of pollen source plants, the bee colony reproduces slowly. In order to ensure the healthy development of bee larvae and the healthy life of bee colonies, it is generally necessary to artificially subsidize pollen. However, the existing methods of artificially subsidizing pollen have problems such as inconvenient access, easy moldy and deterioration of pollen, and the like.

Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial bee food pollen spleen and preparation method thereof, so as to meet the growth requirements of honeybees when they multiply in spring.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for making the artificial bee ration pollen spleen is given, which is made from empty honeycomb spleen and artificial honey spleen filled in the empty honeycomb spleen; The serving meter includes the following raw material components:

10-15 parts of bee pollen, 5-7 parts of non-GMO soybean extract, 1-2 parts of yeast powder, 12-18 parts of high-quality white sugar, 0.2-0.4 parts of vitamin B complex, 0.1-0.3 parts of vitamin C, 0.4 parts of salt -0.6 servings, 6-9 servings of warm water.

The raw material composition of the artificial bee food of the present invention is an organic whole, wherein:

Bee pollen is the natural bee food for bees. Camellia pollen is rich in protein and fat, which is very beneficial to the spring reproduction of bees.

In order to ensure sufficient nutrition, the present invention also adds protein-rich vegetable protein non-transgenic soybean extract powder. Soybean flour is a commonly used alternative pollen raw material for bee farmers. Soybean flour is high in protein, rich in energy, vitamins, inorganic salts, etc., but also high in fat, and unprocessed soybeans contain anti-nutritional factors. Easy to digest, only reasonable modulation can give full play to the effect of soybean powder. The non-transgenic soybean extract added in the present invention is prepared by special extraction treatment. Different from the existing soybean flour or fermented soybean meal, it does not contain anti-nutritional factors and is rich in nutrients, especially the content of soybean isoflavones High, easily absorbed by bees and quickly replenishing nutrients.

Yeast powder is used to ferment pollen and non-GMO soybean extract powder in advance, so that bees can digest and absorb better; high-quality white sugar is good for the adhesion of pollen and increases the appetite of bees; vitamin B complex and vitamin C It plays an important role in the development of bee larvae, especially in assisting the larvae's ability to resist diseases; the life of bees is inseparable from salt, and adding salt during the spring breeding period when bees rarely go out for collection can promote the healthy development and growth of bee larvae and the health of adult bees.

The palatability is the main factor affecting the feed intake of bees. Natural pollen is the natural protein source of bees, and the palatability is the best. At present, with the popularization and use of substitute pollen, how to improve the palatability of substitute pollen is the main problem to be solved at present. The artificial bee food of the present invention significantly improves the taste of the artificial bee food and increases the feed intake of bees through the selection of raw material types and the optimization of the amount of raw materials, especially the addition of high-quality white granulated sugar and non-transgenic soybean extract.

When making artificial bee grain pollen spleen, first prepare artificial bee grain, fully stir bee pollen with warm water, let it stand for 4-5 hours, let bee pollen fully absorb water and expand, wait until bee pollen and water are fully mixed and stirred After uniform, add non-GMO soybean extract powder and yeast powder soaked in a small amount of warm water, and stir well. Finally, it is fully mixed with high-quality white sugar, vitamin B complex and vitamin C, and salt, and stirred evenly until it forms a mass, and then spreads into powder granules.

Take an empty spleen, and cover the two upper corners and the center of one spleen with a cardboard shell about the size of the cross-sectional area of an egg. The two upper corners are vacant so that the bees can store here when they collect honey, or when artificially feeding honey or syrup, the bees can move the fed honey or syrup to this place for storage; an egg is left in the center of the comb spleen The size of the position is because when the queen bee starts to lay eggs, it starts from the middle of the spleen and expands the egg-laying circle in a spiral shape, leaving a position the size of an egg. It is precisely for the queen bee to lay eggs here. For bee food, the back-office bees must clean the middle hive before the queen bee can start laying eggs, which reduces the labor of the back-office bees to clean the hive.

Wash and dry your hands, put on natural latex plastic gloves or PE gloves, first sprinkle the granular bee ration along the spleen in sequence, and after the holes of the hive are irrigated to 70-80% of the height, you can hold a handful of granular pollen up and down. Apply left and right until the nest is full, or use a cotton swab to push the mixed pollen in the nest down until the bottom of the nest is full of mixed pollen. Finally, use a watering can to spray a little warm water on the honeycomb filled with granular bee food to fix the granular bee food pollen.

When the bee colony enters the breeding season in spring, when the queen bee starts to lay eggs, the artificial bee food pollen spleen is inserted into the middle of the bee colony for the queen bee to lay eggs.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to understand the technical solutions of the present application more clearly, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

The test materials used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional test materials in the art, and can be purchased through commercial channels. in:

Non-GMO soybean extract is prepared as follows:

The non-transgenic soybean germ was pulverized, and the ethanol aqueous solution with a volume concentration of 80% was used as the extraction solvent, and the extraction was performed by heating and refluxing for 3 times. liquid, recover ethanol until there is no alcohol smell, and continue to concentrate until the relative density is 1.2 to obtain a concentrated liquid; extract the concentrated liquid with water-saturated n-butanol three times, combine the n-butanol items, concentrate, dry and pulverize to prepare non-transgenic soybeans Extract.

Vitamin B complex is produced by Shenzhen Antai Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

Embodiment 1: the making of artificial bee food pollen spleen

1. Preparation of artificial bee food:

(1) Composition of raw materials:

10 parts of camellia bee pollen, 5 parts of non-GMO soybean extract, 1 part of yeast powder, 12 parts of high-quality white sugar, 0.3 parts of vitamin B complex, 0.2 parts of vitamin C, 0.5 parts of table salt, and 6 parts of warm water.

(2) Preparation method:

Mix the camellia bee pollen with warm water thoroughly, let it stand for 4 hours, and let the bee pollen fully absorb water and expand. After the bee pollen and water are fully mixed and stirred evenly, add non-GMO soybean extract powder and yeast soaked in a small amount of warm water. powder, mix well. Finally, fully mix with white sugar, vitamin B complex, vitamin C and salt and stir well until it forms a mass, and then disperse into powder granules.

2. Powder filling:

The nest foundation is an empty spleen made of warp and weft threads. Cover the two upper corners and the center of one spleen with a cardboard shell about the size of the cross-sectional area of an egg. Wash and dry your hands and put on natural latex. Using plastic gloves or PE gloves, firstly irrigate the granular bee grains along the spleen in sequence. After the holes of the hive are filled to 70-80% of the height, you can hold a handful of mixed granular pollen and apply it to the full hive. The mixed pollen in the nest can also be pushed down with a cotton swab until the bottom of the nest is filled with mixed pollen; one side of the nest is filled and the other side of the nest is filled. Finally, use a watering can to spray a little warm water on the honeycomb filled with granular bee food to fix the granular bee food pollen.

Embodiment 2: the making of artificial bee grain pollen spleen

1. Preparation of artificial bee food:

(1) Composition of raw materials:

15 parts of rapeseed bee pollen, 6 parts of non-GMO soybean extract, 1.5 parts of yeast powder, 15 parts of high-quality white sugar, 0.4 parts of vitamin B complex and 0.1 parts of vitamin C, 0.5 parts of salt, and 9 parts of warm water.

(2) Preparation method:

Mix rapeseed bee pollen with warm water fully, let stand for 5 hours, let bee pollen fully absorb water and expand, after bee pollen and water are fully mixed and stirred evenly, add non-GMO soybean extract powder and soaked in a small amount of warm water. Yeast powder, mix well. Finally, fully mix with white sugar, vitamin B complex, vitamin C and salt and stir well until it forms a mass, and then disperse into powder granules.

2. Powder filling:

The powder filling method is the same as in Example 1.

Comparative Example 1: Production of Artificial Bee Food Pollen Spleen

1. Preparation of artificial bee food:

(1) Composition of raw materials:

10 parts of camellia bee pollen, 5 parts of fermented soybean meal, 1 part of yeast powder, 12 parts of soft white sugar, 0.3 parts of complex vitamin B and 0.2 parts of vitamin C, 0.5 parts of salt, and 6 parts of warm water.

(2) Preparation method:

Mix rapeseed bee pollen with warm water fully, let stand for 5 hours, let bee pollen fully absorb water and expand, after bee pollen and water are fully mixed and stirred evenly, add fermented soybean meal and yeast powder soaked in a small amount of warm water, and stir evenly . Finally, fully mix with soft white sugar, vitamin B complex, vitamin C and table salt, stir well until it forms a mass, and disperse into powder granules.

2. Powder filling:

The powder filling method is the same as in Example 1.

Test example:

1. Test method:

1.1 Test time and materials:

February 20-March 26, 2019; Chinese honeybees raised in an apiary in Tai'an City, Shandong Province.

1.2 Experimental Design:

Nine healthy honey bee colonies with the same colony after overwintering were selected and randomly divided into three groups A, B and C, with three colonies in each group. Wherein, group A adopts the artificial bee grain pollen spleen prepared in Example 1 for feeding, group B adopts the artificial bee grain pollen spleen prepared in Example 2 for feeding, and group C adopts the artificial bee grain pollen spleen prepared in Comparative Example 1 for feeding feeding. Each group of bee colony doors are equipped with de-pollen sheets to control the entry of external pollen into the beehive.

1.3 Measurement indicators:

1.3.1 Growth rate of group potential:

Growth rate of colony potential = (the number of bees at the end of the test - the number of bees at the beginning of the test)/the number of bees at the beginning of the test × 100%.

1.3.2 Worker bee birth weight:

In order to obtain samples with the same age, before the start of the experiment, an empty spleen was placed in the beehive, and the queen bee was observed to lay eggs or not. When the worker bees emerged from the house, 5 0-day-old worker bees were taken from each box of bees and put into a weighed centrifuge tube for the determination of the worker bee birth weight.

2. Test results:

2.1 The measurement results of the growth rate of bee colony potential are shown in Table 1.

Table 1: Measurement results of bee colony growth rate

group Group growth rate (%) A 0.14 B 0.10 C 0.03

2.2 See Table 2 for the results of primary weight determination of worker bees.

Table 2: Worker bee primary weight assay results

group Worker bee birth weight (g) A 0.086 B 0.082 C 0.073

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of artificial bee bread pollen spleen, which is characterized in that be made of empty honeycomb and the artificial bee bread being filled in sky honeycomb；Institute Stating artificial bee bread in parts by weight includes following raw material components:

10-15 parts of Bee Pollen, 5-7 parts of Non-transgenic soybean extract, 1-2 parts of yeast powder, 12-18 parts of white granulated sugar, the life of compound dimension B0.2-0.4 parts plain, 0.1-0.3 parts of vitamin C, 0.4-0.6 parts of salt, 6-9 parts of warm water.

2. artificial bee bread pollen spleen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the artificial bee bread includes in parts by weight Following raw material components:

10 parts of Bee Pollen, 5 parts of Non-transgenic soybean extract, 1 part of yeast powder, 12 parts of white granulated sugar, 0.3 part of vitamin B compound, dimension Raw C0.2 parts of element, 0.5 part of salt, 6 parts of warm water.

3. artificial bee bread pollen spleen according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the Bee Pollen is bee farm in summer and autumn The camellia pollen or rape pollen that season acquires through honeybee, manually produces.

4. artificial bee bread pollen spleen according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the warm water is cooling after boiling To 40-60 DEG C of water.

5. artificial bee bread pollen spleen according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the Non-transgenic soybean extract It is prepared by the following method:

Non-transgenic soybean plumule or dregs of beans are crushed, using ethanol water as Extraction solvent, heating and refluxing extraction 2-4 times, often Secondary 1.5-2.5h, combined extract, recycling ethyl alcohol to no alcohol taste continue to be concentrated into relative density to be 1.1-1.2, is concentrated Liquid；Concentrate is extracted three times with water-saturated n-butanol, merges n-butanol item, concentration, it is dry, crush, be prepared and non-turn base Because of extract of soybean.

6. the production method of the described in any item artificial bee bread pollen spleens of claim 1-5, which is characterized in that including following step It is rapid:

(1) after being stirred Bee Pollen and warm water, 4-5h is stood；Then Non-transgenic soybean extract and yeast powder is added, It stirs evenly；It is eventually adding white granulated sugar, vitamin B compound, vitamin C and salt, is mixed evenly, artificial bee is made Grain；

(2) position by empty honeycomb not powder filling covers, and artificial bee bread prepared by step (1) is then poured into nest along honeycomb sequence Room finally sprays warm water on the honeycomb for fill artificial bee bread, to fix artificial bee bread.

7. production method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in step (2), by two Shang Jiao of empty honeycomb in The heart is covered with hardboard.

8. production method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in step (2), artificial bee bread is first spread filling to nest Room is filled after lair hole to 70-80% height, and artificial bee bread is applied to full lair.

9. purposes of the described in any item artificial bee bread pollen spleens of claim 1-5 in queen to lay eggs breeding.

10. purposes according to claim 9, which is characterized in that when spring queen bee starts oviposition, by the artificial bee bread Pollen spleen is inserted among bee colony, for queen to lay eggs.