CN103380690A - Method for planting corn - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting corn, which comprises the following steps of sowing and seedling raising, transplanting, fertilizing, weeding, hilling, moisture management, pest control and timely harvesting. The method improves abilities of soil conservation, fertilizer conservation and water conservation of soil, and corn plants are good in light transmission and ventilation, deep in the root system, and strong in lodging-resistant performance; under the premise of ensuring national food security, applying quantity of chemical fertilizer is reduced, so that cost reduction and income increase are realized for farmers, energy conservation is realized for the country, the environment is protected, and agricultural sustainable development is promoted.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of corn

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of corn, belong to the planting technology field.

Background technology

China's agricultural system does not have the maize culture pattern of standard so far, and thin planting and irrational dense planting are all to restrict the bottleneck, particularly corn of corn with high yield when taking out hero, and excellent three leaves are accepted the illumination deficiency, and corn ear will lack grain by bald point, causes the underproduction, also have the peasant whole ridge of ploughing there is no standard, blindly large with randomness, especially fertilising, maize planting most of peasant blindly apply fertilizer with traditional mode, not only waste in a large number resource, contaminated environment, the more important thing is that chemical fertilizer utilization ratio significantly reduces along with the continuous expansion of amount thereupon, cause simultaneously the overgrowing of corn skill leaf to cause that even damage by disease and insect breaks out and the phenomenon ubiquity that lodges, comprehensive many factors, the Maize Production cost constantly rises and output can not get improving, quality also descends gradually, more seriously cause the vicious circles such as water and soil loss and Tu Rang Ban Knot, the health of serious threat contemporary people and descendants's living environment.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of corn, the present invention improves the ability of soil soil conservation, fertilizer, water, and the milpa printing opacity, ventilates, and root system is dark, lodging resistance is strong; Under the prerequisite that ensures national food safety, reduce applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, for peasant's abridged edition increases income, be national energy savings, protection of the environment promotes agricultural sustainable development.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

The implantation methods of corn comprises the following steps:

(1) seeding and seedling raising:

Sowing time be early March to mid-March, broadcast front elder generation with the seed soaking of the alcohol mixed solution of 5-10% soda water and 10-15%, soak 4-6h, will cover film thermal insulating when temperature is low early spring, controlling temperature is 24-28 ℃, broadcasts the sufficient water of rear pouring and keeps moistening the getting final product of soil table;

(2) transplant:

The 3 leaf phases of corn transplant, every furrow 2 row, and spacing in the rows 33-38cm, line-spacing 42-45cm plants 2300 ~ 2500 strains for every mu, waters sufficient normal root water after cultivation, guarantees the supply of moisture;

(3) fertilising, weeding, ridging:

transplanted seedling survives rear in time imposing and carries seedling, described topdressing is weathered coal 2-7kg/ mu, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 18-25kg/ mu, shrimp shell 7-13kg/ mu, urea 8-14kg/ mu, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 28-35kg/ mu, potassium chloride 6-8kg/ mu, silkworm excrement 1-2kg/ mu, bamboo extractive 4-6kg/ mu, citric acid 0.5-0.8kg/ mu, alum 5-7kg/ mu, ferrous sulfate 2.5-4.5kg/ mu and micro-0.6-0.8kg/ mu, loosen the soil after fertilising, during to the shooting stage, this beats cave-applied fertilizer in two strains, take intermittently to beat the cave, and in conjunction with weeding, large ridging, apply fertilizer all in conjunction with trickle at every turn, promote corn to the absorption of nutrient,

(4) water management:

Be 55% ~ 60% of field capacity seedling stage, and the shooting stage is 65-72%, takes out hero, weaves silk and the pustulation period is 75-85%, and results are a few days ago suitably controlled water;

(5) extermination of disease and insect pest

Little leaf spot can be used kasugarnycin, jinggangmycin spraying control, and the early stage sick leaf in bottom of extracing reduces field initial stage bacterium source, and in time intertill and clean tillage, improve premunition;

But the manual removal has the worm tassel in vegetative period, wipes out the filigree of having pollinated and focuses on, and is available with 1000 times of liquid controls of matrine when larva is concentrated the gynoecium top, can play desirable effect;

Shooting stage sprays following insect-proof agent, and the preparation method is with Cortex seu Flos Hibisci taiwanenss 6-9 jin, Embelia subcoridcea (C. B. Cl.) Mez 3-5 jin, Chinese wistaria 8-10 jin, coptis 5-7 jin, Chinese scholartree root 9-11 jin, peach leaves 4-6 jin, Swamp Mahogany Leaf 3-5 jin, garden euphorbia herb 3.5-4.5 jin; By mixing after each weight portion coarse crushing, use the alcohol extract secondary, obtain extract medicinal extract, drying is ground preservation into powder, directly converts 500-800 times of water spray during use;

(6) timely collecting

Approximately 90 days vegetative period of spring planting, generally 20-25 days assurance product qualities of in time gathering after pollination.

Advantage of the present invention:

The present invention improves the ability of soil soil conservation, fertilizer, water, and the milpa printing opacity, ventilates, and root system is dark, lodging resistance is strong; Under the prerequisite that ensures national food safety, reduce applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, for peasant's abridged edition increases income, be national energy savings, protection of the environment promotes agricultural sustainable development.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1: the implantation methods of corn comprises the following steps:

(1) seeding and seedling raising:

Sowing time be early March to mid-March, broadcast front elder generation with the seed soaking of the alcohol mixed solution of 8% soda water and 12%, soak 5h, will cover film thermal insulating when temperature is low early spring, controlling temperature is 26 ℃, broadcasts the sufficient water of rear pouring and keeps moistening the getting final product of soil table;

(2) transplant:

The 3 leaf phases of corn transplant, every furrow 2 row, and spacing in the rows 35cm, line-spacing 43cm plants 2400 strains for every mu, waters sufficient normal root water after cultivation, guarantees the supply of moisture;

(3) fertilising, weeding, ridging:

Transplanted seedling survives rear in time imposing and carries seedling, described topdressing is weathered coal 5kg/ mu, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 22kg/ mu, shrimp shell 10kg/ mu, urea 10kg/ mu, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 32kg/ mu, potassium chloride 7kg/ mu, silkworm excrement 1.5kg/ mu, bamboo extractive 5kg/ mu, citric acid 0.7kg/ mu, alum 6kg/ mu, ferrous sulfate 3.5kg/ mu and micro-0.7kg/ mu, loosen the soil after fertilising, during to the shooting stage, this beats cave-applied fertilizer in two strains, take intermittently to beat the cave, and in conjunction with weeding, large ridging, apply fertilizer all in conjunction with trickle at every turn, promote corn to the absorption of nutrient;

(4) water management:

Be 58% of field capacity seedling stage, and the shooting stage is 68%, takes out hero, weaves silk and the pustulation period is 80%, and results are a few days ago suitably controlled water;

(5) extermination of disease and insect pest

Little leaf spot can be used kasugarnycin, jinggangmycin spraying control, and the early stage sick leaf in bottom of extracing reduces field initial stage bacterium source, and in time intertill and clean tillage, improve premunition;

But the manual removal has the worm tassel in vegetative period, wipes out the filigree of having pollinated and focuses on, and is available with 1000 times of liquid controls of matrine when larva is concentrated the gynoecium top, can play desirable effect;

Shooting stage sprays following insect-proof agent, and the preparation method is with 7.5 jin of Cortex seu Flos Hibisci taiwanenss, 4 jin of Embelia subcoridcea (C. B. Cl.) Mezs, 9 jin, Chinese wistaria, 6 jin of the coptiss, 10 jin of Chinese scholartree roots, 5 jin of peach leaves, 4 jin of Swamp Mahogany Leafs, 4 jin of garden euphorbia herbs; By mixing after each weight portion coarse crushing, use the alcohol extract secondary, obtain extract medicinal extract, drying is ground preservation into powder, directly converts 500-800 times of water spray during use;

(6) timely collecting

Approximately 90 days vegetative period of spring planting is generally in rear 22 days assurance product qualities of in time gathering of pollination.

1 kind of corn per mu yield of planting of above-described embodiment reaches 1100-1300kg/ mu, and damage by disease and insect is less than 3.8%.

Claims (1)

1. the implantation methods of a corn is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) seeding and seedling raising:

Sowing time be early March to mid-March, broadcast front elder generation with the seed soaking of the alcohol mixed solution of 5-10% soda water and 10-15%, soak 4-6h, will cover film thermal insulating when temperature is low early spring, controlling temperature is 24-28 ℃, broadcasts the sufficient water of rear pouring and keeps moistening the getting final product of soil table;

(2) transplant:

The 3 leaf phases of corn transplant, every furrow 2 row, and spacing in the rows 33-38cm, line-spacing 42-45cm plants 2300 ~ 2500 strains for every mu, waters sufficient normal root water after cultivation, guarantees the supply of moisture;

(3) fertilising, weeding, ridging:

transplanted seedling survives rear in time imposing and carries seedling, described topdressing is weathered coal 2-7kg/ mu, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 18-25kg/ mu, shrimp shell 7-13kg/ mu, urea 8-14kg/ mu, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 28-35kg/ mu, potassium chloride 6-8kg/ mu, silkworm excrement 1-2kg/ mu, bamboo extractive 4-6kg/ mu, citric acid 0.5-0.8kg/ mu, alum 5-7kg/ mu, ferrous sulfate 2.5-4.5kg/ mu and micro-0.6-0.8kg/ mu, loosen the soil after fertilising, during to the shooting stage, this beats cave-applied fertilizer in two strains, take intermittently to beat the cave, and in conjunction with weeding, large ridging, apply fertilizer all in conjunction with trickle at every turn, promote corn to the absorption of nutrient,

(4) water management:

Be 55% ~ 60% of field capacity seedling stage, and the shooting stage is 65-72%, takes out hero, weaves silk and the pustulation period is 75-85%, and results are a few days ago suitably controlled water;

(5) extermination of disease and insect pest

Little leaf spot can be used kasugarnycin, jinggangmycin spraying control, and the early stage sick leaf in bottom of extracing reduces field initial stage bacterium source, and in time intertill and clean tillage, improve premunition;

But the manual removal has the worm tassel in vegetative period, wipes out the filigree of having pollinated and focuses on, and is available with 1000 times of liquid controls of matrine when larva is concentrated the gynoecium top, can play desirable effect;

Shooting stage sprays following insect-proof agent, and the preparation method is with Cortex seu Flos Hibisci taiwanenss 6-9 jin, Embelia subcoridcea (C. B. Cl.) Mez 3-5 jin, Chinese wistaria 8-10 jin, coptis 5-7 jin, Chinese scholartree root 9-11 jin, peach leaves 4-6 jin, Swamp Mahogany Leaf 3-5 jin, garden euphorbia herb 3.5-4.5 jin; By mixing after each weight portion coarse crushing, use the alcohol extract secondary, obtain extract medicinal extract, drying is ground preservation into powder, directly converts 500-800 times of water spray during use;

(6) timely collecting

Approximately 90 days vegetative period of spring planting, generally 20-25 days assurance product qualities of in time gathering after pollination.