CN103380690B - Method for planting corn - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for planting corn, which comprises the following steps of sowing and seedling raising, transplanting, fertilizing, weeding, hilling, moisture management, pest control and timely harvesting. The method improves abilities of soil conservation, fertilizer conservation and water conservation of soil, and corn plants are good in light transmission and ventilation, deep in the root system, and strong in lodging-resistant performance; under the premise of ensuring national food security, applying quantity of chemical fertilizer is reduced, so that cost reduction and income increase are realized for farmers, energy conservation is realized for the country, the environment is protected, and agricultural sustainable development is promoted.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of corn

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of corn, belong to planting technology field.

Background technology

China's agricultural system does not have the maize culture pattern of standard so far, and thin planting and irrational dense planting are all the bottlenecks restricting corn with high yield, and particularly corn is when taking out hero, and Three ear leaves accepts illumination deficiency, and corn ear will lack grain by bald point, causes the underproduction, peasant whole ridge of ploughing is also had not have standard, blindly large with randomness, especially apply fertilizer, maize planting major part peasant is with the blindly fertilising of traditional mode, not only waste resource in a large number, contaminated environment, the more important thing is that chemical fertilizer utilization ratio significantly reduces along with the continuous expansion of amount thereupon, cause corn skill leaf to overgrow even causes damage by disease and insect to break out and the phenomenon ubiquity that lodges simultaneously, comprehensive many factors, Maize Production cost constantly rises and output can not get improving, quality also declines gradually, more seriously the vicious circle such as water and soil loss and Tu Rang Ban Knot is caused, the health of serious threat contemporary people and the living environment of descendants.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of implantation methods of corn, the present invention improves the ability of soil soil conservation, fertilizer, water, and milpa printing opacity, ventilates, and root system is dark, lodging resistance is strong; Under the prerequisite ensureing national food security, reducing applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, for peasant's abridged edition increases income, is national economize energy, protection of the environment, promotes agricultural sustainable development.

The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

The implantation methods of corn, comprises the following steps:

(1) seeding and seedling raising:

Sowing time be early March to mid-March, first with the alcohol mixed solution seed soaking of 5-10% soda water and 10-15% before broadcasting, soak 4-6h, will lid film thermal insulating when early spring, temperature was lower, control temperature is 24-28 DEG C, broadcasts the sufficient water of rear pouring and keeps soil table moistening;

(2) transplant:

The corn 3 leaf phase transplants, every furrow 2 row, and spacing in the rows 33-38cm, line-spacing 42-45cm, plant 2300 ~ 2500 strains for every mu, waters sufficient normal root water after cultivation, ensures the supply of moisture;

(3) fertilising, weeding, ridging:

Transplanted seedling survives rear imposing in time and carries seedling, described topdresses as weathered coal 2-7kg/ mu, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 18-25kg/ mu, shrimp shell 7-13kg/ mu, urea 8-14kg/ mu, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 28-35kg/ mu, potassium chloride 6-8kg/ mu, silkworm excrement 1-2kg/ mu, bamboo extractive 4-6kg/ mu, citric acid 0.5-0.8kg/ mu, alum 5-7kg/ mu, ferrous sulfate 2.5-4.5kg/ mu and micro-0.6-0.8kg/ mu, loosen the soil after fertilising, to during the shooting stage, in two strains, this beats cave-applied fertilizer, interval is taked to beat cave, and in conjunction with weeding, large ridging, each fertilising is all in conjunction with trickle, promote that corn is to the absorption of nutrient,

(4) water management:

Seedling stage is 55% ~ 60% of field capacity, and the shooting stage is 65-72%, takes out hero, to weave silk and the pustulation period is 75-85%, and results a few days ago suitably control water;

(5) extermination of disease and insect pest

Little leaf spot can be used kasugarnycin, jinggangmycin to spray and prevent and treat, and the sick leaf in early stage excision bottom, reduces field initial stage bacterium source, timely intertill and clean tillage, raising premunition;

Manual removal can have worm tassel in vegetative period, wipe out the filigree of having pollinated and focus on, when larva concentrates gynoecium top, the 1000 times of liquid controls of available matrine, can play desirable effect;

Shooting stage sprays following insect-proof agent, and preparation method is by Cortex seu Flos Hibisci taiwanenss 6-9 jin, Embelia subcoridcea (C. B. Cl.) Mez 3-5 jin, Chinese wistaria 8-10 jin, coptis 5-7 jin, Chinese scholartree root 9-11 jin, peach leaves 4-6 jin, Swamp Mahogany Leaf 3-5 jin, garden euphorbia herb 3.5-4.5 jin; Mix by after each weight portion coarse crushing, use alcohol extract secondary, obtain extract medicinal extract, preservation is ground in drying into powder, directly converts 500-800 times of water spray during use;

(6) timely collecting

About 90 days vegetative period of spring planting, generally 20-25 days after pollination guarantee product qualities of gathering in time.

Advantage of the present invention:

The present invention improves the ability of soil soil conservation, fertilizer, water, and milpa printing opacity, ventilates, and root system is dark, lodging resistance is strong; Under the prerequisite ensureing national food security, reducing applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, for peasant's abridged edition increases income, is national economize energy, protection of the environment, promotes agricultural sustainable development.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1: the implantation methods of corn, comprises the following steps:

(1) seeding and seedling raising:

Sowing time be early March to mid-March, before broadcasting first with 8% soda water and 12% the seed soaking of alcohol mixed solution, soak 5h, will lid film thermal insulating when early spring, temperature was lower, control temperature is 26 DEG C, broadcasts the sufficient water of rear pouring and keeps soil table moistening;

(2) transplant:

The corn 3 leaf phase transplants, every furrow 2 row, and spacing in the rows 35cm, line-spacing 43cm, plant 2400 strains for every mu, waters sufficient normal root water after cultivation, ensures the supply of moisture;

(3) fertilising, weeding, ridging:

Transplanted seedling survives rear imposing in time and carries seedling, described topdresses as weathered coal 5kg/ mu, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 22kg/ mu, shrimp shell 10kg/ mu, urea 10kg/ mu, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 32kg/ mu, potassium chloride 7kg/ mu, silkworm excrement 1.5kg/ mu, bamboo extractive 5kg/ mu, citric acid 0.7kg/ mu, alum 6kg/ mu, ferrous sulfate 3.5kg/ mu and micro-0.7kg/ mu, loosen the soil after fertilising, to during the shooting stage, in two strains, this beats cave-applied fertilizer, interval is taked to beat cave, and in conjunction with weeding, earth up greatly, each fertilising, all in conjunction with trickle, promotes that corn is to the absorption of nutrient;

(4) water management:

Seedling stage is 58% of field capacity, and the shooting stage is 68%, takes out hero, to weave silk and the pustulation period is 80%, and results a few days ago suitably control water;

(5) extermination of disease and insect pest

Little leaf spot can be used kasugarnycin, jinggangmycin to spray and prevent and treat, and the sick leaf in early stage excision bottom, reduces field initial stage bacterium source, timely intertill and clean tillage, raising premunition;

Manual removal can have worm tassel in vegetative period, wipe out the filigree of having pollinated and focus on, when larva concentrates gynoecium top, the 1000 times of liquid controls of available matrine, can play desirable effect;

Shooting stage sprays following insect-proof agent, and preparation method is by Cortex seu Flos Hibisci taiwanenss 7.5 jin, Embelia subcoridcea (C. B. Cl.) Mez 4 jin, 9 jin, Chinese wistaria, the coptis 6 jin, Chinese scholartree root 10 jin, peach leaves 5 jin, Swamp Mahogany Leaf 4 jin, garden euphorbia herb 4 jin; Mix by after each weight portion coarse crushing, use alcohol extract secondary, obtain extract medicinal extract, preservation is ground in drying into powder, directly converts 500-800 times of water spray during use;

(6) timely collecting

About 90 days vegetative period of spring planting, generally in pollination latter 22 days guarantee product qualities of gathering in time.

The corn per mu yield that above-described embodiment a kind is planted reaches 1100-1300kg/ mu, and damage by disease and insect is less than 3.8%.

Claims (1)

1. an implantation methods for corn, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

(1) seeding and seedling raising:

Sowing time be early March to mid-March, first with the alcohol mixed solution seed soaking of 5-10% soda water and 10-15% before broadcasting, soak 4-6h, will lid film thermal insulating when early spring, temperature was lower, control temperature is 24-28 DEG C, broadcasts the sufficient water of rear pouring and keeps soil table moistening;

(2) transplant:

The corn 3 leaf phase transplants, every furrow 2 row, and spacing in the rows 33-38cm, line-spacing 42-45cm, plant 2300 ~ 2500 strains for every mu, waters sufficient normal root water after cultivation, ensures the supply of moisture;

(3) fertilising, weeding, ridging:

Transplanted seedling survives rear imposing in time and carries seedling, described topdresses as weathered coal 2-7kg/ mu, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 18-25kg/ mu, shrimp shell 7-13kg/ mu, urea 8-14kg/ mu, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 28-35kg/ mu, potassium chloride 6-8kg/ mu, silkworm excrement 1-2kg/ mu, bamboo extractive 4-6kg/ mu, citric acid 0.5-0.8kg/ mu, alum 5-7kg/ mu, ferrous sulfate 2.5-4.5kg/ mu and micro-0.6-0.8kg/ mu, loosen the soil after fertilising, to during the shooting stage, in two strains, this beats cave-applied fertilizer, interval is taked to beat cave, and in conjunction with weeding, large ridging, each fertilising is all in conjunction with trickle, promote that corn is to the absorption of nutrient,

(4) water management:

Seedling stage is 55% ~ 60% of field capacity, and the shooting stage is 65-72%, takes out hero, to weave silk and the pustulation period is 75-85%, and results a few days ago suitably control water;

(5) extermination of disease and insect pest

Little leaf spot can be used kasugarnycin, jinggangmycin to spray and prevent and treat, and the sick leaf in early stage excision bottom, reduces field initial stage bacterium source, timely intertill and clean tillage, raising premunition;

Manual removal can have worm tassel in vegetative period, wipe out the filigree of having pollinated and focus on, when larva concentrates gynoecium top, the 1000 times of liquid controls of available matrine, can play desirable effect;

Shooting stage sprays following insect-proof agent, and preparation method is by Cortex seu Flos Hibisci taiwanenss 6-9 jin, Embelia subcoridcea (C. B. Cl.) Mez 3-5 jin, Chinese wistaria 8-10 jin, coptis 5-7 jin, Chinese scholartree root 9-11 jin, peach leaves 4-6 jin, Swamp Mahogany Leaf 3-5 jin, garden euphorbia herb 3.5-4.5 jin; Mix by after each weight portion coarse crushing, use alcohol extract secondary, obtain extract medicinal extract, preservation is ground in drying into powder, directly converts 500-800 times of water spray during use;

(6) timely collecting

About 90 days vegetative period of spring planting, generally 20-25 days after pollination guarantee product qualities of gathering in time.