CN103361180A - Extraction method of plant essential oil - Google Patents
Extraction method of plant essential oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103361180A CN103361180A CN2013103033604A CN201310303360A CN103361180A CN 103361180 A CN103361180 A CN 103361180A CN 2013103033604 A CN2013103033604 A CN 2013103033604A CN 201310303360 A CN201310303360 A CN 201310303360A CN 103361180 A CN103361180 A CN 103361180A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an extraction method of plant essential oil. The extraction method includes blending, puffing, extraction and other processes. By combining the puffing technology with other processes, structural properties of plant raw materials are improved, and the essential oil component can be easy to escape. Subsequently, ultrasonic reinforced supercritical or subcritical extraction is employed to acquire the plant essential oil. The essential oil product prepared by the method has fewer impurities and high quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of extracting process of plants essential oil, belong to the natural product manufacture field.
Background technology
Essential oil claims again volatile oil, and English name essential oil is that a class that contains in the plant has the general name of the oily composition of aromatic odour.It is mixture, and concrete comparison of ingredients is complicated, and main fatty compounds and aromatics comprise alcohols, ester class, phenols, ethers, terpenes etc.
The scientific research discovery, plant-derived essential oil mostly has the nerve of releiving, calmness, antibacterial bacteriostatic, beauty treatment, treatment disease texts, is widely used in medical science, food, essence and flavoring agent industry.For example, Flos Rosae Rugosae quintessence oil has anti-melancholy, it is nervous to alleviate, and improves spirit, makes the people excited, assists the body circulation, can shrink capillary blood vessel, and cholecystitis, conjunctivitis, ophthalmia are had antiinflammation, can purify the blood, sharp spleen, stomach invigorating, benefit body, preventing or arresting vomiting are told etc.Peppermint essential oil throat-clearing throat-moistening, offset the good effect of antihalitosis, can shrink capillary blood vessel, get rid of vivotoxin, improve eczema, tinea, releive itch, inflammation and burning, soft skin is eliminated blackhead, be of value to oiliness hair quality and skin quality, the curative effect of the body and mind of releiving in addition.
Derived essential oil is the essence of plant, and content is few, and percentage extraction neither be very high, and therefore, price general charged is expensive.Present essential oil extracting process mainly contains steam distillation, using microwave-assisted, ultrasonic wave auxiliary extraction method, overcritical, subcritical abstraction etc.
Summary of the invention
The extracting process that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of plants essential oil, the natural volatile oil component of extraction from plant.Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of extracting process of plants essential oil, it comprises the steps:
Allotment: add W-Gum, tapioca (flour) or the wheat starch of raw material weight 10%-20% in plant material, regulating the mixture moisture content is 20wt%-25wt%, and making beating stirs;
Expanded: as to adopt screw extrusion, air current puffing or microwave bulking technology, make mixture expanded after treatment, then beat powder, cross the 20-60 mesh sieve; The parameter that screw extrusion is processed is: screw speed 180-220r/min, and extrusion temperature 110-150 ℃, rate of feeding is 15-25r/min; Air current puffing technical finesse parameter is: service temperature 60-80 ℃, bulking pressure is poor to be 200-400kPa, expanded time 40-80min; The microwave bulking technical parameter is: microwave power 1000-2000w, treatment time 2-4min;
Extraction: adopt overcritical or subcritical abstraction, in extraction, add the intensified by ultrasonic wave effect of extracting, obtain derived essential oil; Supercritical extraction parameter: supercritical CO
2Extraction, supercritical operation pressure 30-40MPa, temperature 35-45 ℃, extraction time 60-80min; Subcritical CO
2Extraction, extracting pressure 10-15MPa, temperature 20-30 ℃, extraction time 20-40min; Subcritical Water Extraction, extracting pressure 12-16MPa, temperature 120-130 ℃, extraction time 30-50min; In extraction, add the intensified by ultrasonic wave effect of extracting, ultrasonic power density 150-250W/L, ultrasonic frequency 20-25kHz, the ultrasound wave irradiation mode is irradiation time 5-10s, intermittent time 5-10s.
In the extracting process of above-mentioned plants essential oil, plant, starch mixture behind the extraction essential oil use as feed.
Further preferred, described plant is: orchid, sweet osmanthus, Flos Caryophylli, Tea Flower, Rose, Flos Rosae Chinensis, peppermint, lavandula angustifolia, fennel, Semen Myristicae, Chinese cassia tree, anise, tsaoko, Rosmarinus officinalis, a kind of in the ginger, Chinese prickly ash, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, shaddock ped, orange peel, orange peel and other can extract the plant of essential oil.
The present invention compares with existing essential oil extraction scheme, have following advantage and technique effect: (1) utilizes the puffing technology, under the synergy of other techniques, so that the cellularstructure of plant material becomes loose, cell wall rupture, be conducive to the extraction of subsequent fine oil component, improve the essential oil yield.(2) in plant material, add starch, the one, in order to ensure expansion effect, the 2nd, have utility value in order to make the residue behind the extraction essential oil.(3) the existing starch substance of extract residue also mainly contains plant fiber component, can be used as animal-feed, thereby realizes the comprehensive utilization of raw material, turns waste into wealth.(4) to the more sensitive essential oil product of ratio of specific heat, be fit to select air current puffing and supercritical CO
2, subcritical CO
2Abstraction technique; To the insensitive essential oil product of heat, can select screw extrusion, microwave bulking and Subcritical Water Extraction technology.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with example enforcement of the present invention is described further, but enforcement of the present invention and protection are not limited to this.
Embodiment one: choose quality good, non-rot sweet osmanthus is raw material; The W-Gum that adds raw material weight 10% is regulated the mixture moisture content at 20wt%, and making beating stirs; Adopt the air current puffing technology, 70 ℃ of service temperatures, bulking pressure is poor to be 300kPa, expanded time 60min makes mixture expanded after treatment, then beats powder, crosses 20 mesh sieves; Adopt supercritical CO
2Extraction, supercritical operation pressure 30MPa, 40 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 60min, in extraction, add intensified by ultrasonic wave effect of extracting, ultrasonic power density 150W/L, ultrasonic frequency 20kHz, the ultrasound wave irradiation mode is the ultrasonic continuous irradiation of 10s/10s(time/ultrasonic intermittent time), obtain derived essential oil; Plant, starch mixture behind the extraction essential oil can be used as feed and uses.
Embodiment two: choose quality good, non-rot Chinese cassia tree is raw material; The tapioca (flour) that adds raw material weight 20% is regulated the mixture moisture content at 25wt%, and making beating stirs; Adopt the twin screw extruding and puffing technology, screw speed 200r/min, 130 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, rate of feeding is 20r/min, makes mixture expanded after treatment, then beats powder, crosses 40 mesh sieves; Adopt Subcritical Water Extraction, extracting pressure 15MPa, 120 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 40min, in extraction, add intensified by ultrasonic wave effect of extracting, ultrasonic power density 250W/L, ultrasonic frequency 25kHz, the ultrasound wave irradiation mode is the ultrasonic continuous irradiation of 5s/5s(time/ultrasonic intermittent time), obtain derived essential oil; Plant, starch mixture behind the extraction essential oil can be used as feed and uses.
Embodiment three:
Choose quality good, non-rot ginger is raw material; The wheat starch that adds raw material weight 15% is regulated the mixture moisture content 22%, and making beating stirs; Adopt the microwave bulking technology, microwave power 1500w, treatment time 2min makes mixture expanded after treatment, then beats powder, crosses 60 mesh sieves; Adopt subcritical CO
2Extraction, extracting pressure 12MPa, 25 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 30min adds intensified by ultrasonic wave effect of extracting, ultrasonic power density 200W/L, ultrasonic frequency 20kHz in extraction, the ultrasound wave irradiation mode is the ultrasonic continuous irradiation of 8s/8s(time/ultrasonic intermittent time), obtain derived essential oil; Plant, starch mixture behind the extraction essential oil can be used as feed and uses.
Embodiment four:
Choose quality good, non-rot pomelo peel is raw material; The W-Gum that adds raw material weight 20% is regulated the mixture moisture content at 25wt%, and making beating stirs; Adopt single screw extrusion, screw speed 220r/min, 140 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, rate of feeding is 15r/min, makes mixture expanded after treatment, then beats powder, crosses 40 mesh sieves; Adopt Subcritical Water Extraction, Subcritical Water Extraction, extracting pressure 16MPa, 130 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 30min; In extraction, add the intensified by ultrasonic wave effect of extracting, ultrasonic power density 250W/L, ultrasonic frequency 25kHz, the ultrasound wave irradiation mode is the ultrasonic continuous irradiation of 10s/10s(time/ultrasonic intermittent time), obtain derived essential oil; Plant, starch mixture behind the extraction essential oil can be used as feed and uses.
Table 1 is in the situation that other conditions are identical, adopts the correlation data of technique scheme of the present invention and existing methodical essential oil yield, and as known from Table 1, the present invention has significantly improved the essential oil yield.
Table 1 essential oil yield relatively
Claims (7)
1. the extracting process of a plants essential oil is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Allotment: add W-Gum, tapioca (flour) or the wheat starch of raw material weight 10%-20% in plant material, regulating the mixture moisture content is 20wt%-25wt%, and making beating stirs;
Expanded: as to adopt screw extrusion, air current puffing or microwave bulking technology, make mixture expanded after treatment, then beat powder, cross the 20-60 mesh sieve; The parameter that screw extrusion is processed is: screw speed 180-220r/min, and extrusion temperature 110-150 ℃, rate of feeding is 15-25 r/min; Air current puffing technical finesse parameter is: service temperature 60-80 ℃, bulking pressure is poor to be 200-400kPa, expanded time 40-80min; The microwave bulking technical parameter is: microwave power 1000-2000w, treatment time 2-4min;
Extraction: adopt overcritical or subcritical abstraction, in extraction, add the intensified by ultrasonic wave effect of extracting, obtain derived essential oil; Supercritical extraction parameter: supercritical CO
2Extraction, supercritical operation pressure 30-40MPa, temperature 35-45 ℃, extraction time 60-80min; Subcritical CO
2Extraction, extracting pressure 10-15MPa, temperature
20-30℃, extraction time 20-40min; Subcritical Water Extraction, extracting pressure 12-16MPa, temperature 120-130 ℃, extraction time 30-50min; In extraction, add the intensified by ultrasonic wave effect of extracting, ultrasonic power density 150-250W/L, ultrasonic frequency 20-25kHz, the ultrasound wave irradiation mode is irradiation time 5-10s, intermittent time 5-10s.
2. the extracting process of described a kind of plants essential oil according to claim 1, the plant, the starch mixture that it is characterized in that extracting behind the essential oil use as feed.
3. the extracting process of plants essential oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that described plant is: orchid, sweet osmanthus, Flos Caryophylli, Tea Flower, Rose, Flos Rosae Chinensis, peppermint, lavandula angustifolia, fennel, Semen Myristicae, Chinese cassia tree, anise, tsaoko, Rosmarinus officinalis, a kind of in the ginger, Chinese prickly ash, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, shaddock ped, orange peel, orange peel.
4. the extracting process of plants essential oil according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
Choosing non-rot sweet osmanthus is raw material; The W-Gum that adds raw material weight 10% is regulated the mixture moisture content at 20wt%, and making beating stirs; Adopt the air current puffing technology, 70 ℃ of service temperatures, bulking pressure is poor to be 300kPa, expanded time 60min makes mixture expanded after treatment, then beats powder, crosses 20 mesh sieves; Adopt supercritical CO
2Extraction, supercritical operation pressure 30MPa, 40 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 60min, in extraction, add intensified by ultrasonic wave effect of extracting, ultrasonic power density 150W/L, ultrasonic frequency 20kHz, the ultrasound wave irradiation mode is every irradiation 10s, and intermittently 10s obtains derived essential oil.
5. the extracting process of plants essential oil according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
Choosing non-rot Chinese cassia tree is raw material; The tapioca (flour) that adds raw material weight 20% is regulated the mixture moisture content at 25wt%, and making beating stirs; Adopt the twin screw extruding and puffing technology, screw speed 200r/min, 130 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, rate of feeding is 20 r/min, makes mixture expanded after treatment, then beats powder, crosses 40 mesh sieves; Adopt Subcritical Water Extraction, extracting pressure 15MPa, 120 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 40min adds intensified by ultrasonic wave effect of extracting, ultrasonic power density 250W/L in extraction, ultrasonic frequency 25 kHz, the ultrasound wave irradiation mode is intermittently 5s of every irradiation 5s, obtains derived essential oil.
6. the extracting process of plants essential oil according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
Choosing non-rot ginger is raw material; The wheat starch that adds raw material weight 15% is regulated the mixture moisture content at 22wt%, and making beating stirs; Adopt the microwave bulking technology, microwave power 1500w, treatment time 2min makes mixture expanded after treatment, then beats powder, crosses 60 mesh sieves; Adopt subcritical CO
2Extraction, extracting pressure 12MPa, 25 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 30min adds the intensified by ultrasonic wave effect of extracting in extraction, ultrasonic power density 200W/L, ultrasonic frequency 20kHz, the ultrasound wave irradiation mode is intermittently 8s of every irradiation 8s, obtains derived essential oil.
7. the extracting process of plants essential oil according to claim 3 is characterized in that:
Choosing non-rot pomelo peel is raw material; The W-Gum that adds raw material weight 20% is regulated the mixture moisture content at 25wt%, and making beating stirs; Adopt single screw extrusion, screw speed 220r/min, 140 ℃ of extrusion temperatures, rate of feeding is 15 r/min, makes mixture expanded after treatment, then beats powder, crosses 40 mesh sieves; Adopt Subcritical Water Extraction, Subcritical Water Extraction, extracting pressure 16MPa, 130 ℃ of temperature, extraction time 30min; In extraction, add the intensified by ultrasonic wave effect of extracting, ultrasonic power density 250W/L, ultrasonic frequency 25kHz, the ultrasound wave irradiation mode is intermittently 10s of every irradiation 10s, obtains derived essential oil.
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| CN103756780A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-04-30 | 王志远 | Method for preparing corn bran oil through combination of tera-hertz radiation and sub-critical extraction |
| CN103849468A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-06-11 | 青海清华博众生物技术有限公司 | Garlic essential oil extraction method |
| CN103922878A (en) * | 2014-04-19 | 2014-07-16 | 青岛科技大学 | Method for removing residual solvent in heat-sensitivity solid drug |
| CN103922879A (en) * | 2014-04-19 | 2014-07-16 | 青岛科技大学 | Device for removing residual solvents out of thermo-sensitive solid chemicals |
| CN104232311A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-24 | 华南理工大学 | Extraction method of ginger essential oil |
| CN104946397A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-30 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Method for extracting vanilla extract used for tobacco through high-pressure puffing of supercritical CO2 |
| CN105559003A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-11 | 重庆市日用化学工业研究所 | Preparation method of sweet-scented osmanthus medicinal extract |
| CN106221939A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-14 | 北京中农弘科生物技术有限公司 | A kind of plants essential oil with antibacterial effect and preparation method and application |
| CN106701323A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-05-24 | 重庆明乾农业开发技术有限公司 | Method for extracting pomelo peel essential oil |
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| CN110485187A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-11-22 | 华南理工大学 | A method of releasing steam blasting plant fiber biochemical resistance |
| CN110684593A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-14 | 上海辰钿实业有限公司 | Preparation method of pepper seed flavor oil |
| CN112980585A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-18 | 江西科技师范大学 | Method for extracting orange peel essential oil |
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Effective date of registration: 20160712 Address after: 527200 Guangdong city of Yunfu province Luoding City Tan bin Zhen Hui Ling Patentee after: Luoding Hao spice Co., Ltd. Address before: 511458 Guangdong city of Guangzhou province Nansha District City Ring South Road No. 25 Hua University Guangzhou Research Institute Patentee before: South China University of Technology |