CN103265375B - A kind of Zinc-iron-selenium-rpollution-free pollution-free organic compound fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of Zinc-iron-selenium-rpollution-free pollution-free organic compound fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Zinc-iron-selenium-rpollution-free pollution-free organic compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that, it is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight: agricultural wastes 80 ~ 100 parts, Chinese prickly ash 20-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 20-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 20-30 part etc.Compared with prior art, formulation of the present invention is good with herbicidal effect, environmentally safe, and weeds such as not easily to develop immunity to drugs at the feature, have a extensive future.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to nuisanceless fertilizer technical field, relate to a kind of Zinc-iron-selenium-rpollution-free pollution-free organic compound fertilizer.
Background technology
Plant can run into various disease and pest in occurring in nature process of growth, particularly fungus disease, its kind is many, and disease is serious, and sick, the red gold of such as gold is sick, dark fund is sick etc. is occur generally on many farm crop, be comparatively difficult to the disease of preventing and treating, huge loss is brought to agriculture production, mainly occur in the part such as tender seedling, bud, the tip of crop, time serious, blade is withered, curling, browning look, withered.A large amount of chemical means that uses is prevented and treated at present, the domestic medicament for preventing and treating Powdery Mildew mainly contains methyl but the unicity of for many years medication and the singularity of pharmaceutical chemicals, be easy in use make serious harm to operator and ecotope, and have residual in a large number, not easy-clear, damages edible people, and therefore country is own through prohibitting the use highly toxic pesticide, greatly develop green non-pollution vegetables, so be badly in need of developing the even nontoxic public nuisance-free agricultural chemicals of low toxicity.Causing harm of farmland weed often causes a large amount of underproduction of farm crop every year.Use chemical herbicide to remain the Main Means of current weed control, but due to a large amount of and unreasonable use chemical herbicide, cause the problems such as environmental pollution, pesticide residue and herbicide resistance, be subject to extensive concern.Therefore, exploitation is efficient, the new herbicides of low toxicity, low residue, becomes problem in the urgent need to address.Biologically active substance is found from plant, and then the environmentally friendly agricultural chemicals of development of new, be the hot fields that Present Domestic is studied outward.
China is large agricultural country, and about 400,000,000 m2 of the long-term occurring area of crop diseases and pest crop smothering, need produce and use 800,000 tons, agricultural chemicals every year, and agricultural chemicals has become indispensable factor in agriculture production.Widely using of agricultural chemicals, although serve vital role to production development, also occurred such as insect pest, disease resistance problems, to the pollution of environment and in agricultural and animal products residual and accumulation problem, injure natural enemy, destroy balance of nature, cause pest resurgence problem etc.This proposes higher requirement to the development of novel pesticide.Especially, since entering 21 century, along with the cry of people's uphold nature, protection of the environment, concern food safety is day by day surging, harmless boilogical agricultural chemicals industry and field of biological control research obtain rare opportunity to develop.
The trace element that zinc, iron, selenium plant are necessary, plays the physiological action of equal importance with macroelement, has fertilizer efficiency and stablize, be easily absorbed by plants, utilization ratio advantages of higher in guarantee plant normal growth growth course; Seed of Chinese Soapberry (SapindusmukurossiGatren) is a kind of deciduous tree of Sapindaceae (Sapindaceae) Sapindus (Sapindus), originates on the south China Yangtze valley and South East Asia Mainland various places, India and Japan.Research shows, containing multiple secondary metabolite in Seed of Chinese Soapberry, some have good biological activity, have been widely used in daily use chemicals, medicine and other fields.But so far not about the report of soapberry extract weeding activity, the herbicide products being not more activeconstituents with Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper extract.Therefore, developing with soapberry extract is the botanical herbicides product of activeconstituents, has wide market outlook.Also have some plant pesticides extracted from kuh-seng at present, but it is unreasonable to fill a prescription, effect is not ideal, is not suitable for suitability for industrialized production, and the fertilizer of currently available technology only has the trophic function of fertilizer, does not have the effect killing plant insect.Market in urgent need one is conducive to environment protection, can effectively sterilization, weeding, and can be applicable to the large nuisanceless bactericidal and herbicidal Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of plant produced.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of Zinc-iron-selenium-rpollution-free pollution-free organic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof, it is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight: agricultural wastes 80 ~ 100 parts, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Sodium Selenite 55-60 part, ferrous sulfate 45-55 part, carbon ammonium 35-45 part, diammonium phosphate 20-30 part, Repone K 5-10 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, boric acid 1-2 part, medical stone powder 25-30 part, calcium stone flour 5-10 part, wilkinite 20-25 part, thiocarbamide 5-15 part, diatomite 10-20 part, ground phosphate rock 10-20 part, Sodium salts humic acids 5-15 part.It comprises the steps: above-mentioned agricultural wastes heap to pile in echelon, down punches from top, every square metre of hole count 10 ~ 15, and material surface gunnysack or straw screen or mat cover, and start to carry out aerobic fermentation, treat heap temperature rise to 50 DEG C beginning timing, ferment 5 ~ 7 days; Carry out turning when stockpile temperature starts to decline, then ferment 5 ~ 7 days, once, ferment altogether 35 ~ 45 days, fermenting process completes in turning in later every 5 ~ 7 days; The above-mentioned humus organic material moisture content fermented is dried or dried in the air to 25 ~ 35%(wt);
(2) fermenting agent fermented liquid l ~ 5 part are joined in 95 ~ 99 parts of humus organic materials, regulate moisture content 60 ~ 70%(wt), pH6.5 ~ 7.5, abundant mixing, pile the long strip shape stockpile of high 0.4-0.6 meter, cover gunnysack or straw screen or mat, control the temperature 25 ~ 30 DEG C of stockpile, turning every day once, fermentation culture 5 ~ 8 days altogether, cover with after spore until it and stop, dry in the air to moisture content 20 ~ 22%(wt), then the mushroom residue of 5%-10% is added according to mass percent, 6%-10% straw ash and 600-1000g/T arbuscular mycorrhiza microbial inoculum obtain biological organic fertilizer,
(3) Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part is got according to described parts by weight, add (70%) alcohol reflux of medicinal material total amount 30 times amount at every turn, reflux twice, each 3 hours, merge alcohol extract, when (0.08Mpa, 60 DEG C) is evaporated to 65 DEG C, relative density is the medicinal extract of 1.6, spraying dry, obtains dry extract; Be scattered in by the medicinal extract obtained in distilled water and add Sodium Selenite 55-60 part, ferrous sulfate 45-55 part, carbon ammonium 35-45 part, diammonium phosphate 20-30 part, Repone K 5-10 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, boric acid 1-2 part, medical stone powder 25-30 part, calcium stone flour 5-10 part by above-mentioned formula, wilkinite 20-25 part, thiocarbamide 5-15 part, diatomite 10-20 part, ground phosphate rock 10-20 part, Sodium salts humic acids 5-15 part obtain inorganic fertilizer;
(4) inorganic fertilizer in the biological organic fertilizer in step (2) and step (3) is mixed according to the ratio that mass ratio is 3-4:1-2 namely obtain multi-component composite fertilizer.Described agricultural wastes comprise stalk, bran, rice husk, oil cake, dregs of beans, wood powder, pericarp, weeds, fermenting agent is Cellumomonas flavigena (Cellulomonasflavigena), lactobacterium casei (Lactobacilluscasei), Wei Nielande vinelandii (Azotobactervinelandii), rhizobium leguminosarum (Rhizobiumleguminosarum), aspergillus niger (Aspergillusniger), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillusoryzae), the mixture of Humicola insolens (Humicolainsolens), mass ratio is 1: 0.8: 1.2: 1.4:0.6: 0.8:1.2.
Described bacterial classification is the commercially available bacterial classification of business, all can be bought by routine business channel.
Bactericidal and herbicidal agent of the present invention can be used for broadcasting soil treatment before rear seedling, prevents and kill off the sterilization idiocratic of farmland weed and wide spectrum.Compared with prior art, it is good that formulation of the present invention has herbicidal effect, environmentally safe, and weeds such as not easily to develop immunity to drugs at the feature, have a extensive future.Formulation of the present invention is to its prevention against usual damages Be very effective of fruit, wheat, paddy rice and vegetables.To people and animals, relatively safety is to eyes, no skin irritation in bactericidal and herbicidal agent of the present invention, and be low toxicity through day skin test checking its acute toxicity bright, easily decompose in air and soil, non-poisonous material remains; Bactericidal and herbicidal agent of the present invention is little on the impact of farmland natural enemy, contributes to keeping ecotope, more friendly to environment, meets the production requirement of crop; The collocation of trace element not only has promoter action to plant growth, and has killing action to the harmful bacteria in soil, effectively prevents and treats soil-borne disease.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by the following examples, but should be appreciated that the present invention not in following examples.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of Zinc-iron-selenium-rpollution-free pollution-free organic compound fertilizer
A kind of Zinc-iron-selenium-rpollution-free pollution-free organic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof, it is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight: agricultural wastes 80 ~ 100 parts, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Sodium Selenite 55-60 part, ferrous sulfate 45-55 part, carbon ammonium 35-45 part, diammonium phosphate 20-30 part, Repone K 5-10 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, boric acid 1-2 part, medical stone powder 25-30 part, calcium stone flour 5-10 part, wilkinite 20-25 part, thiocarbamide 5-15 part, diatomite 10-20 part, ground phosphate rock 10-20 part, Sodium salts humic acids 5-15 part.It comprises the steps: above-mentioned agricultural wastes heap to pile in echelon, down punches from top, every square metre of hole count 10 ~ 15, and material surface gunnysack or straw screen or mat cover, and start to carry out aerobic fermentation, treat heap temperature rise to 50 DEG C beginning timing, ferment 5 ~ 7 days; Carry out turning when stockpile temperature starts to decline, then ferment 5 ~ 7 days, once, ferment altogether 35 ~ 45 days, fermenting process completes in turning in later every 5 ~ 7 days; The above-mentioned humus organic material moisture content fermented is dried or dried in the air to 25 ~ 35%(wt);
(2) fermenting agent fermented liquid l ~ 5 part are joined in 95 ~ 99 parts of humus organic materials, regulate moisture content 60 ~ 70%(wt), pH6.5 ~ 7.5, abundant mixing, pile the long strip shape stockpile of high 0.4-0.6 meter, cover gunnysack or straw screen or mat, control the temperature 25 ~ 30 DEG C of stockpile, turning every day once, fermentation culture 5 ~ 8 days altogether, cover with after spore until it and stop, dry in the air to moisture content 20 ~ 22%(wt), then the mushroom residue of 5%-10% is added according to mass percent, 6%-10% straw ash and 600-1000g/T arbuscular mycorrhiza microbial inoculum obtain biological organic fertilizer,
(3) Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part is got according to described parts by weight, add (70%) alcohol reflux of medicinal material total amount 30 times amount at every turn, reflux twice, each 3 hours, merge alcohol extract, when (0.08Mpa, 60 DEG C) is evaporated to 65 DEG C, relative density is the medicinal extract of 1.6, spraying dry, obtains dry extract; Be scattered in by the medicinal extract obtained in distilled water and add Sodium Selenite 55-60 part, ferrous sulfate 45-55 part, carbon ammonium 35-45 part, diammonium phosphate 20-30 part, Repone K 5-10 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, boric acid 1-2 part, medical stone powder 25-30 part, calcium stone flour 5-10 part by above-mentioned formula, wilkinite 20-25 part, thiocarbamide 5-15 part, diatomite 10-20 part, ground phosphate rock 10-20 part, Sodium salts humic acids 5-15 part obtain inorganic fertilizer;
(4) inorganic fertilizer in the biological organic fertilizer in step (2) and step (3) is mixed according to the ratio that mass ratio is 3-4:1-2 namely obtain multi-component composite fertilizer.Described agricultural wastes comprise stalk, bran, rice husk, oil cake, dregs of beans, wood powder, pericarp, weeds, fermenting agent is Cellumomonas flavigena (Cellulomonasflavigena), lactobacterium casei (Lactobacilluscasei), Wei Nielande vinelandii (Azotobactervinelandii), rhizobium leguminosarum (Rhizobiumleguminosarum), aspergillus niger (Aspergillusniger), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillusoryzae), the mixture of Humicola insolens (Humicolainsolens), mass ratio is 1: 0.8: 1.2: 1.4:0.6: 0.8:1.2.
Described bacterial classification is the commercially available bacterial classification of business, all can be bought by routine business channel.
Embodiment 2: the bacteriostatic test effect of Zinc-iron-selenium-rpollution-free pollution-free organic compound fertilizer
The bactericidal and herbicidal fertilizer water prevention sheath and culm blight of rice, cucumber downy mildew, pears black heart field control effectiveness test that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is obtained:
3 process are established in each test altogether, and repeat for 4 times, each plot area 10m2, carries out test design according to completely randomized design, wherein A: clear water blank; B: carbendazim 800 times of diluent positive controls; C: Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention 300 times of diluents.Use medicine 4 times, interval 7d.
Investigation content and data processing: every community Stochastic choice 30 sample, 7d investigation before using medicine and after the 4th perfusion, record diseased plant number.Carry out output investigation during results, every community list is received, is weighed separately.
Sickness rate (%)=(diseased plant number/investigate total strain number) × 100.
Prevention effect (%)=[(check plot sickness rate-treatment zone sickness rate)/check plot sickness rate] × 100.
Test-results shows, pesticide control rice sheath blight disease of the present invention, cucumber downy mildew, between pears black heart and clear water blank, inequality heteropole is remarkable; Prevention effect on average reaches 78.3%, has positive effect to the water prevention sheath and culm blight of rice, arrives 85.2%.
Embodiment 3: the controlling weeds test effect of Zinc-iron-selenium-rpollution-free pollution-free organic compound fertilizer
The Chemical Mixed Fertilizer control artemisiifolia that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains, creeping bentgrass, annual bluegrass and Bermuda grass field control effectiveness test:
3 process are established in each test altogether, and repeat for 4 times, each plot area 10m2, carries out test design according to completely randomized design, wherein A: clear water blank; B: carbendazim 800 times of diluent positive controls; C: Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention 300 times of diluents.Use medicine 4 times, interval 7d.
Investigation content and data processing: every community Stochastic choice 30 sample, 7d investigation before using medicine and after the 4th perfusion, record diseased plant number.Carry out output investigation during results, every community list is received, is weighed separately.
Sickness rate (%)=(diseased plant number/investigate total strain number) × 100.
Prevention effect (%)=[(check plot sickness rate-treatment zone sickness rate)/check plot sickness rate] × 100.
Test-results shows, pesticide control artemisiifolia of the present invention, creeping bentgrass, annual bluegrass and between Bermuda grass and clear water blank inequality heteropole remarkable; Prevention effect on average reaches 76.1%, has positive effect, arrive 84.1%, 82.2% to control Bermuda grass, artemisiifolia.
Embodiment 4: the control cucumber of Zinc-iron-selenium-rpollution-free pollution-free organic compound fertilizer is withered, sclerotium disease test effect
The bactericidal and herbicidal fertilizer control cucumber that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains is withered, sclerotium disease field control effectiveness test:
3 process are established in each test altogether, and repeat for 4 times, each plot area 10m2, carries out test design according to completely randomized design, wherein A: clear water blank; B: carbendazim 800 times of diluent positive controls; C: Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention 300 times of diluents.Use medicine 4 times, interval 7d.
Investigation content and data processing: every community Stochastic choice 30 sample, 7d investigation before using medicine and after the 4th perfusion, record diseased plant number.Carry out output investigation during results, every community list is received, is weighed separately.
Sickness rate (%)=(diseased plant number/investigate total strain number) × 100.
Prevention effect (%)=[(check plot sickness rate-treatment zone sickness rate)/check plot sickness rate] × 100.
Test-results shows, pesticide control cucumber of the present invention is withered, between sclerotium disease test effect and clear water blank, inequality heteropole is remarkable; Prevention effect on average reaches 80.3%.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of a Zinc-iron-selenium-rpollution-free pollution-free organic compound fertilizer, it is characterized in that, it is prepared by the raw material of following parts by weight: agricultural wastes 80 ~ 100 parts, Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part, Sodium Selenite 55-60 part, ferrous sulfate 45-55 part, carbon ammonium 35-45 part, diammonium phosphate 20-30 part, Repone K 5-10 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, boric acid 1-2 part, medical stone powder 25-30 part, calcium stone flour 5-10 part, wilkinite 20-25 part, thiocarbamide 5-15 part, diatomite 10-20 part, ground phosphate rock 10-20 part, Sodium salts humic acids 5-15 part,
It comprises the steps: (1) piles in echelon by above-mentioned agricultural wastes heap, down punches from top, every square metre of hole count 10 ~ 15, material surface gunnysack or straw screen or mat cover, start to carry out aerobic fermentation, treat that heap temperature rise to 50 DEG C starts timing, ferment 5 ~ 7 days; Carry out turning when stockpile temperature starts to decline, then ferment 5 ~ 7 days, once, ferment altogether 35 ~ 45 days, fermenting process completes in turning in later every 5 ~ 7 days; The above-mentioned humus organic material moisture content fermented is dried or dried in the air to 25 ~ 35wt%;
(2) fermenting agent fermented liquid l ~ 5 part are joined in 95 ~ 99 parts of humus organic materials, regulate moisture content 60 ~ 70wt%, pH6.5 ~ 7.5, abundant mixing, pile the long strip shape stockpile of high 0.4-0.6 meter, cover gunnysack or straw screen or mat, control the temperature 25 ~ 30 DEG C of stockpile, turning every day once, fermentation culture 5 ~ 8 days altogether, cover with after spore until it and stop, drying in the air to moisture content 20 ~ 22wt%, then add the mushroom residue of 5%-10%, 6%-10% straw ash and 600-1000g/T arbuscular mycorrhiza microbial inoculum according to mass percent and obtain biological organic fertilizer;
(3) Stellera chamaejasme L. 1-15 part, hops 5-10 part, Chinese prickly ash 25-30 part, ginkgo seed coat 25-30 part, Fructus Cnidii 26-30 part, Cortex Meliae 17-30 part, Rangooncreeper Fruit 16-25 part, Turkey-galls 1-15 part, Root of Pubescent Holly 5-15 part, matrine 5-10 part, Seed of Chinese Soapberry exosper 55-60 part is got according to described parts by weight, add 70% alcohol reflux of medicinal material total amount 30 times amount at every turn, reflux twice, each 3 hours, merge alcohol extract, under 0.08Mpa, 60 DEG C of conditions, when being evaporated to 65 DEG C, relative density is the medicinal extract of 1.6, spraying dry, obtains dry extract; Be scattered in by the medicinal extract obtained in distilled water and add Sodium Selenite 55-60 part, ferrous sulfate 45-55 part, carbon ammonium 35-45 part, diammonium phosphate 20-30 part, Repone K 5-10 part, zinc sulfate 1-2 part, boric acid 1-2 part, medical stone powder 25-30 part, calcium stone flour 5-10 part by above-mentioned formula, wilkinite 20-25 part, thiocarbamide 5-15 part, diatomite 10-20 part, ground phosphate rock 10-20 part, Sodium salts humic acids 5-15 part obtain inorganic fertilizer;
(4) inorganic fertilizer in the biological organic fertilizer in step (2) and step (3) is mixed according to the ratio that mass ratio is 3-4:1-2 namely obtain compoiste fertilizer, described agricultural wastes comprise stalk, bran, rice husk, oil cake, dregs of beans, wood powder, pericarp, weeds, fermenting agent is Cellumomonas flavigena (Cellulomonasflavigena), lactobacterium casei (Lactobacilluscasei), Wei Nielande vinelandii (Azotobactervinelandii), rhizobium leguminosarum (Rhizobiumleguminosarum), aspergillus niger (Aspergillusniger), aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillusoryzae), the mixture of Humicola insolens (Humicolainsolens), mass ratio is 1: 0.8: 1.2: 1.4:0.6: 0.8:1.2.
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| CN103497041A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-01-08 | 合肥市潜溪山庄农业生态园有限公司 | Selenium rich fertilizer and its preparation method |
| CN103708862A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-09 | 苏州科大微龙信息技术有限公司 | Ferment humic acid organic selenium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104003787B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-09-16 | 山东省果树研究所 | For the pear tree Ru 2006101161 of saltings plantation |
| CN103936500B (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2016-03-09 | 山东省果树研究所 | For improving the Ru 2006101161 of field planting pear tree resistance |
| CN104291971A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2015-01-21 | 安徽禾泉种业有限公司 | Zinc-rich special slow-release fertilizer for rice and preparation method thereof |
| CN104402634A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-11 | 青岛百瑞吉生物工程有限公司 | Special fertilizer for cauliflower vegetables |
| CN106717768A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-31 | 北海市农业科学研究所 | Selenium-rich peanuts implantation methods |
| CN106588500A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-04-26 | 庆阳敦博科技发展有限公司 | Method for producing biological organic fertilizer by utilizing pericarpium zanthoxyli seed meal |
| CN106699395A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-24 | 桂林桂开生物科技股份有限公司 | Macro-element water soluble fertilizer with insecticidal and bactericidal effects and preparation method thereof |
| CN108002915A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-05-08 | 贺州市昊辰农业发展有限公司 | High disease resisting rice selenium-rich fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
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