CN103222597A - 速溶芦笋粉在食品、药品和保健食品中的应用 - Google Patents
速溶芦笋粉在食品、药品和保健食品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及的速溶芦笋粉在食品、药品和保健食品领域中的新用途。该速溶芦笋粉具有提高人体免疫力,调节血压血脂,消除人体疲劳的功能;还具有利用速溶芦笋粉中含有的芦笋皂苷活性成分,用于调节神经系统的作用,将其用于缓解精神压力等方面的新用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及速溶芦笋粉的用途,尤其涉及在食品、药品和保健食品领域中用于调节神经系统、缓解精神压力(身心放松)的用途。
背景技术
速溶芦笋粉是由河北省秦皇岛长胜农业科技发展有限公司已公开的专利号为201110278589.8,名称为“速溶芦笋粉”的专利技术。其工艺方法为:
将鲜芦笋(干燥后的芦笋或芦笋老茎、芦笋秸秆)为原料,经粉碎后放入超声波提取罐,加入0.5-20倍体积的水浸泡10-60分钟,用常规或高压或超声波法煮沸15-120分钟,得到提取液;将提取液放入真空浓缩罐真空浓缩至固形物含量达到10-50%,经15℃以下冷却10-200分钟,离心得到浓缩提取液;将浓缩提取液按其干物质含量添加0-200%的麦芽糊精,经喷雾干燥塔140-190℃喷雾干燥或冻干至水分≤5%,制得速溶芦笋粉。
其中,添加麦芽糊精比例,干燥后水分含量均以重量百分比计算。该速溶芦笋粉中的成分芦笋皂甙、多糖、多酚、黄酮的含量分别达到≥15.0%、≥8.0%、≥3.0%、≥2.0%,已知每日食用含有芦笋皂甙含量达到≥15.0%以上的芦笋粉0.5g,可提高人体免疫力,调节高血压血脂,消除人体疲劳的功能。
当前,神经和心理压力已经成为21世纪最严重的健康问题之一。心理压力是指当个体面对来自外界的威胁性刺激时,这种刺激破坏了个体的平衡状态,当个体自身无法克服这种刺激,而力求恢复平衡,从而在身体、心理、情绪和行为上产生的反应。压力反应的三个阶段:我们可以通过塞尔伊(HANS SELYE)博士对心理、生理对压力的反应,提出了人对压力反应的三个阶段:惊恐、抵抗、筋疲力尽。心力衰竭是工作压力最严重的后果之一,是职业心理健康的一个典型问题。这是一种身体、情绪和心理上消耗殆尽的状态。
广泛性焦虑症是临床上常见的一组心理障碍,患者感到其注意力、记忆力、反应力等神经认知功能的受损,表现焦虑、抑郁、紧张、强迫等症状。这种持久的心理冲突,妨碍其心理功能或社会功能, 但没有任何可证实的器质性病理基础。焦虑和抑郁障碍是严重威胁人们健康的精神疾病,最新的研究资料表明,焦虑障碍在老年人中的发病率高达10%,在普通人群中的发病率也达到2%~5%,抑郁在青少年中的发病率约为2%,而且,随着年龄的增长其发病率在逐渐增加。每年因这些情绪障碍所造成的经济损失相当惨重,而且会导致自杀等严重社会问题。
现代人的承受着太多的压力(工作压力、人际压力、情感压力等),生活忙碌,再加上睡不好,长期的压力会让机体免疫力变差。目前针对这些精神障碍所采取的措施有多种:自我调节和排解、心理咨询疏导、非药物干预和药物治疗。因此,利用提取速溶芦笋粉在食品、药品和保健食品中用于调节神经系统,缓解精神压力(身心放松)的新用途方面未发现有关文献报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供速溶芦笋粉的新用途,即在食品、药品和保健食品中的新应用。
实际上,本发明涉及速溶芦笋粉作为调节神经系统,缓解精神压力及身心放松中的应用。
同时,本发明还涉及是利用较好的营养干预,通过服用或饮用功能的食品、药品和保健食品,有效缓解精神紧张状态,对于神经系统的调节作用中的应用。
为了更好地理解本发明的实质,下面将基于动物实验和人体试食来说明在食品、药品和保健食品领域中的新用途。
动物实验采用了多种动物模型来研究其对精神系统的调节作用,速溶芦笋粉对急性和慢性应激性模型所致的动物焦虑(模型)有一定的缓解作用,能显著降低应急状态下血清皮质醇浓度(压力状态的重要生化指标),减少小鼠自主活动对陌生环境下中枢神经系统过度活动有一定抑制作用;抗焦虑的作用可能与其升高体内5-HT水平存在相关性。
1、高架十字迷宫模型(Elevated Plus Maze)试验
高架十字迷宫在小啮齿类动物焦虑实验中拥有最广泛的应用。该系统用于检测在用焦虑药后,减低动物天生对高度和空地厌恶情绪的情况。 啮齿类动物(例如大鼠、小鼠)有探究行为,放入高架十字迷宫后会主动探究开臂,但又惧怕开臂中高悬敞开的环境。抗焦虑药物增加开臂探究活动,致焦虑剂则相反。
高架十字迷宫具有一对开放臂和一对闭合臂。动物适应性一段时间迅速置于EPM的中央平台处,使其头部正对其中1个开放臂,采用跟踪摄像记录5min内: ①进入开放臂次数(open arm entry,OE):进入到任一开放臂的次数,以大鼠四个爪子均进入到臂内为准,中途一个爪子从该臂中完全退出则为该次进入活动完成;②进入开放臂时间(open
arm time,OT):进入开放臂的时间,单位:秒;③进入封闭臂次数(close
arm entry,CE):进入任一封闭臂的次数,以大鼠四个爪子均进入到臂内为准;④进入封闭臂时间(close arm time,CT):进入封闭臂的时间,单位:秒,由①~④分别计算出:
①进入开放臂和封闭臂的总次数(OE+CE):表示大鼠的运动活力;
②进入开放臂次数比例(OE%):即开放臂进入次数/(OE+CE)×100%;
③开放臂停留时间比例(OT%),即开放臂停留时间/(OT+CT)×100%。每只大鼠测试5min。OE%和OT%代表抗焦虑作用指标。
试验结果表明:速溶芦笋粉和安定及络蛋白水解物在给药剂量下可以增加OT%和OE%值不增加总入臂次数(总入臂次数代表动物的运动活性),说明速溶芦笋粉在此焦虑模型上有显著的(P<0.05)抗焦虑作用。结果见表-1
Tab.1 The effect of IAP on the EPM test in mice
Group | Dosage | OE+CE (次) | OE ( % ) | OT ( % ) |
Control | — | 10.8 ± 3.9 | 22.8 ± 5.9 | 20.1 ± 4.5 |
DZP | 3mg/kg | 12.9 ±5.2 | 40.9 ±5.2 * | 42.3 ±5.7 * |
CTH | 30mg/kg | 12.2 ±6.1 | 32.2 ±6.1 | 33.5 ±4.6 * |
IAP-l | 0.6g/kg | 11.6 ± 4.8 | 26.6 ± 10.8 | 28.6 ± 5.4 |
IAP-m | 1.5g/kg | 10.3 ± 4.3 | 30.3 ± 8.3 | 34.3 ± 6.3 * |
IAP-h | 3.0g/kg | 13.5 ± 5.1 | 35.5 ± 10.1 | 36.5 ± 7.8 * |
Data are presented as mean value ± SD
(n=10).(* p<0.05
compared with the control group)
2、慢性情绪应激模型试验
慢性情绪应急模型,以不确定性空瓶饮水刺激作为情绪应激源,考察14d情绪应激对大鼠行为、神经内分泌和免疫功能的影响。本模型中,动物经历的情绪与愤怒或焦虑关系更为密切,行为、神经内分泌和免疫反应均发生显著改变,能够反应不同程度和不同类型的应激导致的情绪反应和心境异常状态,可用于模拟特异性的人类应激情绪如愤怒或焦虑。
大鼠经1周适应期后随机分组,除正常组外,模型组单笼饲养且接受不确定性空瓶饮水刺激建立焦虑应激模型。具体方法如下:定时喂水训练7天,即每天早9:00~9:10和晚17:00-17:10给动物饮水10 min,其余时间撤去水瓶不给水。定时喂水期结束后开始应激实验,在上述两个时间段内给予不确定空瓶刺激,维持一天一次或一天两次,持续两周。正常组不接受任何处理,自由饮水和摄食。行为学观察包括攻击(咬或攻击空瓶和笼子)、探究(前后左右运动和光顾水瓶所在位置)及修饰行为(梳理皮毛和洗脸)。具体方法是将空瓶应激的l0min等分10个时间段,在每个时间段内记录每只大鼠上述3种行为,行为出现即为1,否则为0。lOmin内观察的总分为0—10之间。得分基于2名观察者的观察结果平均而得,其中一人为双盲控制。14个观察日的前3d和最后3d的平均分用于统计分析。实验结束时采集标本,检测神经内分泌和免疫指标。
正常对照组不给予任何处理;其他各组均进行刺激,模型组:不给药,受试组:0.6g/kg,1.5g/kg,
3.0g /kg速溶芦笋粉,阳性对照组:CTH
(LACTIUM™, Ingredia,
Arras, France) 30mg /kg,安定3mg /kg。
试验进行了以下行为观察: ①攻击行为次数,②探究行为次数,③修饰行为次数,动物体重变化。
试验就行了以下内分泌水平检测: ①血浆皮质醇浓度,②儿茶酚胺类水平,③5-HT水平。
试验结果表明:一、速溶芦笋粉给药剂量下可以减少焦虑动物的攻击探究和修饰行为的动作次数,说明速溶芦笋粉在此焦虑模型上有抗焦虑的作用趋势,统计结果没有显著的差异(P>0.05)。结果见表-2
Table 2
Tab.2 The effect of IAP on the CSM test in
rat behavior
Group | Dosage | 攻击行为(次) | 探究行为(次) | 修饰行为(次) |
Control | — | 0.18 ± 0.49 | 0.70 ± 0.57 | 1.88 ± 0.32 |
Model | — | 2.56 ± 2.09 | 2.44 ± 0.88 | 2.38 ± 1.16 |
DZP | 3mg/kg | 0.69 ± 0.52 | 1.09 ± 0.52 | 1.78 ± 1.06 |
CTH | 30mg/kg | 1.35 ± 1.12 | 1.56 ± 0.37 | 1.94 ± 0.66 |
IAP-l | 0.6g/kg | 2.06 ± 1.84 | 1.88 ± 0.78 | 2.05 ± 0.46 |
IAP-m | 1.5g/kg | 1.63 ± 1.38 | 1.31 ± 0.82 | 1.75 ± 1.20 |
IAP-h | 3.0g/kg | 1.13 ± 1.11 | 1.56 ± 0.09 | 1.78± 1.60 |
Data are presented as mean value ± SD
(n=10).(* p<0.05
compared with the model group)
二、速溶芦笋粉和安定在给药剂量下对脑内海马区主要神经递质浓度变化没有显著影响,但速溶芦笋粉在此焦虑模型上有升高5-HT和DA浓度的趋势,统计结果没有显著的差异(P>0.05)。结果见表-3。三、速溶芦笋粉在给药剂量下可以改变焦虑动物的血清中主要神经递质的含量,显著降低血清皮质醇浓度和升高血清中5-HT的浓度,统计结果有显著的差异(P>0.05)。结果见表-4
Tab.3 The neurotransmitters level rat hippocampus in the CSM test
Data are presented as mean value ± SD
(n=10).
Group | Dosage | 5-HT(ng/mL) | DA(ng/mL) | E(pg/mL) | NA(pg/mL) |
Control | — | 0.39 ± 0.20 | 11.44 ± 2.53 | 0.076 ± 0.058 | 27.17 ± 6.80 |
Mode | — | 0.29 ± 0.10 | 9.54 ± 2.93 | 0.104 ± 0.048 | 40.97 ± 13.25 |
DZP | 3mg/kg | 0.35 ± 0.18 | 11.38 ± 4.33 | 0.080 ± 0.053 | 37.22 ± 10.05 |
IAP | 3.0g/kg | 0.45 ± 0.19 | 9.44 ± 1.16 | 0.155 ± 0.057 | 37.42 ± 9.67 |
(* p<0.05
compared with the model group)
Tab.4 The serum neurotransmitters level rat in the CSM test
Data are presented as mean value ± SD
(n=10).
Group | Dosage | CORT(ng/mL) | 5-HT(ng/mL) | DA(ng/mL) | E(pg/mL) | NA(pg/mL) |
Control | — | 26.18 ± 3.95 * | 1.15 ± 0.16 * | 7.10 ± 1.70 | 0.86 ± 0.15 | 15.11 ± 0.72 |
Mode | — | 49.94 ± 7.26 | 0.86 ± 0.15 | 5.45 ± 0.76 | 1.15 ± 0.16 | 15.08 ± 0.71 |
DZP | 3mg/kg | 28.94 ± 6.36 * | 1.12 ± 0.13* | 6.00 ±1.70 | 1.00 ± 0.13 | 14.67 ± 0.36 |
CTH | 30mg/kg | 31.36 ± 8.44 * | 1.02 ± 0.14 | 5.38 ± 1.66 | 1.02 ± 0.14 | 14.72 ± 0.56 |
IAP-l | 0.6g/kg | 33.35 ± 6.42 * | 1.03 ±0.12 | 6.05 ±1.24 | 1.03 ±0.12 | 14.89 ± 1.28 |
IAP-m | 1.5g/kg | 32.87 ± 4.59 * | 0.97 ± 0.19 | 5.87 ± 1.92 | 0.97 ± 0.19 | 14.93 ± 0.42 |
IAP-h | 3.0g/kg | 29.97 ± 2.67 * | 1.07 ± 0.16* | 6.25 ± 1.19 | 1.07 ± 0.16 | 15.59 ± 1.81 |
(* p<0.05
compared with the model group,#p<0.05 compared with the control group)
3、自主活动次数分析
动物的自主活动情况反映其中枢神经系统的功能状态。中枢兴奋药物可以明显增加自主的活动而减少探究行为,一定剂量的抗精神病药物可以减少探究行为而不影响自主活动。利用YLS-1A多功能小鼠自主活动记录仪记录给药后不同时间点的小鼠自主活动情况。试验结果表明:速溶芦笋粉和安定在给药剂量下可以减少小鼠的自主活动次数,显著降低30min和60min两个时间点的小鼠自主活动次数,统计结果有显著的差异(P>0.05)。结果见表-5
Tab.5 The effect of IAP on the spontaneous motor activity in rat behavior
Data are presented as mean value ± SD
(n=10).
Group | Dosage | 15-20min (次) | 30-35min (次) | 60-65min (次) |
Control | — | 86 ± 35 | 64 ± 15 | 53 ± 9 |
DZP | 3mg/kg | 48 ±46 | 32 ±16 * | 24 ±6 * |
IAP-l | 0.6g/kg | 65 ± 42 | 55 ± 12 | 40 ± 4 * |
IAP-m | 1.5g/kg | 57 ± 35 | 47 ± 15* | 38 ± 5* |
IAP-h | 3.0g/kg | 58 ± 37 | 42 ± 11 * | 32 ± 7 * |
(* p<0.05
compared with the control group)
本发明还进行了人体试食试验。
速溶芦笋粉对睡眠质量的影响
The effect of instant powder of Asparagus on sleeping quality
注:*:与食用前比较有显著性差异(p<0.05);**:与食用前比较有极显著性差异(p<0.01)。
人体试食表明,速溶芦笋粉能够显著提高睡眠质量,表现为缩短入睡时间、增加睡眠时间、提高睡眠效率、减少夜醒次数。
本发明提供一种芦笋及制品新的保健功能,主要用于对精神系统的调节作用,安全有效。
总之本发明的实施的速溶芦笋粉食用安全,具有调节精神系统的作用,作用迅速、服用简便,对于因承受压力过大所产生的烦躁注意力不集中、记忆力下降、失眠、焦虑症和抑郁症等情绪疾病均有显著疗效;发现了芦笋的新的用途(调节神经系统的作用)。
具体实施方式
下面将描述本发明的几个实施例,但本发明的内容完全不局限与此。
实施例1(速溶芦笋粉固体饮料)
以芦笋(干或鲜)为原料,经清洗、粉碎、加水煮制、过滤去渣、浓缩、离心、膜过滤、喷雾干燥制成富含芦笋皂苷的速溶芦笋粉,即为固体饮料。其中有效成分芦笋皂苷含量达到12.5%,每天饮用量为6-10g。
实施例2(速溶芦笋粉奶制品)
以芦笋(干或鲜)为原料,经清洗、粉碎、加水煮制、过滤去渣、浓缩、离心、膜过滤、喷雾干燥、制成富含芦笋皂苷的速溶芦笋粉,将速溶芦笋粉加入牛奶或酸奶中直接溶解,制成缓解精神压力奶制品。其中含有的芦笋皂苷量达到0.5-1.25g。
实施例3(速溶芦笋粉美容产品)
以芦笋(干或鲜)为原料,经清洗、粉碎、加水煮制、过滤去渣、浓缩、离心、膜过滤、喷雾干燥、制成富含芦笋皂苷的速溶芦笋粉,将速溶芦笋粉与胶原蛋白粉混合即成缓解精神压力美容产品。其中含有的芦笋皂苷量达到0.5-1.25g。
实施例4(速溶芦笋粉液体饮料)
以芦笋(干或鲜)为原料,经清洗、粉碎、加水煮制、过滤去渣、浓缩、离心、膜过滤、喷雾干燥、制成富含芦笋皂苷的速溶芦笋粉,速溶芦笋粉加入饮料中直接溶解,即成缓解精神压力液体饮料。其中含有的芦笋皂苷量达到0.5-1.25g。
实施例5(速溶芦笋粉保健食品)
以芦笋(干或鲜)为原料,经清洗、粉碎、加水煮制、过滤去渣、浓缩、离心、膜过滤、喷雾干燥、包装制成富含芦笋皂苷的速溶芦笋粉,将速溶芦笋粉与其它原料复配制成缓解精神压力保健食品。其中含有的芦笋皂苷量达到0.75-1.25g。
实施例6(速溶芦笋粉药物)
以芦笋(干或鲜)为原料,经清洗、粉碎、加水煮制、过滤去渣、浓缩、离心、膜过滤、喷雾干燥、制成富含芦笋皂苷的速溶芦笋粉,将速溶芦笋粉与其它原料复配制成缓解精神压力药物。其中含有的芦笋皂苷量达到0.75-1.25g。
本发明的重点在于应用。即利用速溶芦笋粉制成的富含芦笋皂苷的食品、药品或者保健食品可以用来调节情绪,舒缓各种压力以至改善睡眠,使机体恢复至正常状态,用于调节神经系统,缓解精神压力(身心放松)的方面的新用途。
Claims (1)
1.速溶芦笋粉在食品、药品和保健食品营养干预中用于调节神经系统,缓解精神压力及身心放松中的应用。
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- 2014-01-22 WO PCT/CN2014/071111 patent/WO2014176942A1/zh active Application Filing
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103519167A (zh) * | 2013-10-08 | 2014-01-22 | 秦皇岛长胜农业科技发展有限公司 | 具有缓解压力、提高记忆力的新用途的速溶芦笋粉食品 |
CN104000132A (zh) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-08-27 | 菏泽巨鑫源食品有限公司 | 速溶芦笋颗粒冲剂的制备方法 |
CN104000132B (zh) * | 2013-10-11 | 2016-01-20 | 菏泽巨鑫源食品有限公司 | 速溶芦笋颗粒冲剂的制备方法 |
CN104146246A (zh) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-11-19 | 秦皇岛长胜营养健康科技有限公司 | 速溶芦笋粉在食品、药品和保健食品中的应用 |
CN104256577A (zh) * | 2014-07-24 | 2015-01-07 | 秦皇岛长胜营养健康科技有限公司 | 速溶芦笋粉食品具有减少睡眠药用量或摆脱睡眠药的新用途 |
CN108030099A (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 广州硕维食品技术有限公司 | 一种有效缓解压力改善睡眠的配方营养食品及制备方法 |
CN108308275A (zh) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-24 | 南昌莱俐农业有限公司 | 一种芦笋酸奶制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20160129067A1 (en) | 2016-05-12 |
WO2014176942A1 (zh) | 2014-11-06 |
US10293016B2 (en) | 2019-05-21 |
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