CN103222542B - A kind of promote Goat Raising after the TMR feed diet that recovers - Google Patents
A kind of promote Goat Raising after the TMR feed diet that recovers Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention be a kind of promote Goat Raising after the TMR feed diet formula that recovers and breeding technology, it is characterized in that, described feed is divided into four-stage, first stage is 1-10 age in days, second stage is 11-20 age in days, and the phase III is 21-30 age in days, and fourth stage is 31-120 age in days.The formula of described first stage is fine fodder: coarse fodder=5.0: the 5.0 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into; The formula of described second stage is fine fodder: coarse fodder=4.5: the 5.5 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into; The formula of described phase III is fine fodder: coarse fodder=4.0: the 6.0 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into; The formula of described fourth stage is fine fodder: coarse fodder=3.5: the 6.5 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into, and TMR feed can once store by a large amount of preparing and packaging, and easy to use, be convenient to mechanized operation, commercialization is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to raising formula and the feeding program of a kind of sheep, particularly relate to and a kind ofly promote to recover after Goat Raising and the TMR feed formula of breeding and feeding program.
Background technology
Amount of livestock on hand, the mutton total output of Chinese Goat occupy first of the world, and supply falls short of demand already for product.But since two thousand five, total amount of livestock on hand of national sheep is hovered between 3.0 hundred million at 2.8 hundred million always, year mutton total output be difficult to breakthrough 4,000,000 tons, be difficult to realize national requirements and reached 4,400,000 tons fixing one's aim in advance in 2015.Particularly along with the modern Mutton Sheep Industry technical system of country's enforcement is in recent years built; the propelling of scale standard production technology; the science feeding management technique of sheep is difficult to catch up with requirement; Ration Compound is science not; cause ewe malnutritive, weak and sickly for postpartum, ewe post-partum estrus breeding excessive cycle, lactation amount deficiency causes Lamb Growth to be seriously obstructed; become the serious agricultural technology problem of long-term restriction mutton sheep development, badly influence the industrialized development of sheep.
Summary of the invention
The present invention mainly for young ewe and adult ewe postpartum because of gestation, lambing and nurture lamb cause body weight loss more, easily there is disease, body condition recovers slower, the problems such as lambing interval long, young sheep growth retardation are researched and developed, object is to promote that postpartum, ewe recovered body condition and body weight as early as possible, improve survival rate and the incubation rate of lamb, shorten the lambing interval, promote growing of young ewe.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
The TMR feed diet recovered after promoting Goat Raising, is characterized in that, described TMR feed diet is divided into four-stage, first stage is 1-10 age in days in postpartum, second stage is 11-20 age in days in postpartum, and the phase III is 21-30 age in days in postpartum, and fourth stage is 31-120 age in days in postpartum; The feed formula of described first stage is: fine fodder: coarse fodder=5.0: the 5.0 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into; The formula of second stage is fine fodder: coarse fodder=4.5: the 5.5 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into; The formula of phase III is fine fodder: coarse fodder=4.0: the 6.0 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into; The formula of fourth stage is fine fodder: coarse fodder=3.5: the 6.5 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into;
This formula make primiparity and multiparity ewe as shown in the table at the weight recovery in postpartum:
The basal feed daily ration of described first stage is, take daily inleting appetite as standard unit, corn: 14.6%, dregs of beans: 5.21%, wheat bran: 4.00%, dusty yeast: 6.35%, large beanstalk: 2.07%, silkworm excrement: 13.11%, salt: 1.00%, silage corn: 43.06%, green hay: 8.06%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 2.00%.
The basal feed Diet Formula of described fourth stage is: take daily inleting appetite as standard unit, corn: 9.34%, dregs of beans: 3.34%, wheat bran: 2.56%, dusty yeast: 4.07%, large beanstalk: 2.46%, silkworm excrement: 11.98%, salt: 0.91%, silage corn: 53.93%, green hay: 9.58%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 1.83%.
Configuration proportion is added in described ore deposit: ferric sulfate 0.596%, copper sulphate 0.394%, manganese sulfate 0.308%, zinc sulfate 1.462%, magnesium sulfate 4.0%, cobalt chloride 0.0202%, KI 0.0039%, sodium selenite 0.0066%, AD3 powder 2.0%, cellulase 1.500%, powdered whiting 89.709%.
This feed can be used for promoting that primiparity ewe and multiparity ewe body condition in postpartum recover, increasing weight and improve reproductive efficiency.
Described coarse fodder is: the crude fiber content in feed higher than more than 18% feed;
Described fine fodder is: the crude fiber content in feed lower than 18% feed.
Scientific basis:
The gestational period of ewe is on average about 150 days, and 80% of fetal weight completes in about 40 days at latter half of gestation, that is, if a tire produces twin lamb(s), every live-weight 2 kilograms, add amniotic fluid, placenta etc., the weight increased thus can reach more than 5 kilograms, thus at last wheat harvesting period of the gestational period, all can there is great change in the weight in pregnancy ewes abdomen and volume, food-intake and digestive characteristic also change thereupon, its notable feature shows as duty of feeding more and adds (number of times), fodder grass volume can not too greatly (increasing fine fodder and high-quality haylage ratio in daily ration).In a point puerperium, ewe is very tired out, in addition due to gestation and nurture lamb, the nutrient consumption of self is obviously overdrawed, and in abdomen, hollow hunger is strong, easily there is feeding or take food improper, very easily cause pipe intestinal digesting disease occurs, thus the body condition badly influencing ewe recovers, nurture lamb and postpartum rutting again, have a strong impact on cultivation efficiency and benefit.
Young ewe first is joined the age and was generally for 8 to 10 monthly ages, or body weight breeding when reaching 70% of adult weight, and the age of body maturation is more than 2 years old, that is, also not yet body maturation is reached when young ewe primiparity, thus postpartum feeding and management except demand fulfillment body condition in postpartum recovery, nurture lamb except, also must meet self physique and various histoorgan further growth grow.This point can be confirmed in Table 1: primiparity ewe starts after second month to occur weightening finish in postpartum, and multiparity ewe started to occur weightening finish after three month postpartum.Due to the understanding wretched insufficiency to the problems referred to above in tradition cultivation, what take is by sky sheep raising in addition, that is: what produces and just what is fed, or having anything just what to be fed, result causes postpartum ewe to occur serious malnutrition, grows slowly, cultivate lamb of poor quality, reproductive efficiency is low.
Feeding program:
(1) dusty yeast is scientific: sheep is ruminant, ruminant is mainly through microorganism and fore-stomach movement digest food, microorganism is mainly anaerobism infusorian and bacterium, in cub glandular stomach, infusorian contacts mainly through raiseeing with parent with bacterium, other ruminants directly contact or the external world infects and formed, and various infusorian and bacterium could appear in ruminant general 90-120 age in days.And in dusty yeast with saccharomycete can help digest absorption, also can provide good protein, simultaneously dusty yeast is fragrant, increases the appetite of sheep, and improve feed palatability, cut the waste feed.
(2) cellulase preparation is scientific: cellulase is while in raising feed, cellulose, hemicellulose decompose, and small-molecule substance being become to be conducive to stodgy macromolecular polysaccharide, protein and lipid degradation, sheep is GI digests and assimilates; The secretion of endogenous enzymes can be activated, supplement the deficiency of endogenous enzymes, improve enzyme and nutrient contact area, promote the good digestion of feed, also and other enzyme actings in conjunction raising sheep to the decomposition of feed nutrition material and digestion, the normal digestion and absorption function of guarantee sheep; Can ANFs be eliminated, promote the healthy growth of sheep, play diseases prevention, somatotrophic effect; It is complete that cellulase also has maintenance Morphological Indices of Duodenum Villus, promotes the function of absorption of nutrient ingredients.
(3) green hay powder is scientific: fresh careless moisture is many on the one hand, and dry is few, can not meet the nutritional need of sheep, and especially in postpartum, the digestive function of ewe does not also recover normal completely, and fresh grass of too much searching for food very easily causes the diseases such as diarrhoea occurs; Search for food on the other hand a large amount of fresh grass, particularly change according to the season first batch of tender fresh grass of children, and in cud, fermentation produces too much gas, can not excrete in time, easily forms the acute distension gas of cud, easily causes sheep dead.And green hay of searching for food, can meet the nutritional need of dry food-intake, can promote again the recovery of pipe intestinal digesting function, the goat avoiding the factors such as diarrhoea, acute distension gas to cause is dead.
(4) opaque feed advantage: opaque feed good palatability; many goats effectively can be utilized not search for food or do not like the forage of searching for food; improve fodder grass utilization rate; and decrease the phenomenons such as lamb is particular about food, feed waste to a great extent; the opaque feed storage phase is long simultaneously; once prepare; can Long-Time Service in a large number; and it is simple to operate; easier mechanization, commercialization are promoted; and the nutritional labeling of feed comprehensive coordinate more, to growing of sheep, there is obvious facilitation, there is the long-range meaning promoting the scale of sheep industry, standardized production.Because from the biological structure feature of sheep, sheep does not go up front tooth, but have lower incisor and upper and lower cutting, upper lower lip is very flexible, sense of smell sensitive especially (thus property particular about food is stronger compared with other domestic animals).When searching for food, sheep always utilizes and goes up lower lip flexibly and drive in mouth by a branch of forage grass, and then utilize upper and lower cutting to be bitten broken by forage grass, wherein small part is eaten in abdomen after simply chewing, but most of forage grass can drop on the ground, thus cause a large amount of fodder grass wastes.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Make full use of local Wild Grass, artificial grass, straw feed, silkworm excrement, the feed resources such as Silage Corn Straw, recover and somagenic need further growth growth (usually reach a year ewe body weight 70% can breed) for primiparity ewe body condition in postpartum, multiparity ewe needs to recover body condition postpartum, the needs in weightening finish and shortening lambing interval, science, the TMR of reasonable preparation comprehensive nutrition, promote growing and reducing ewe because of gestation of young ewe, lambing and nurture lamb cause body weight loss more, easy generation disease, the problems such as the lambing interval is longer, promote that ewe recovers body condition, weightening finish and ahead of time rutting, improve the reproductive efficiency of flock of sheep, promote scale standard intensive culture, promote industrialized development.With the opaque feed of TMR technology preparation, good palatability, fodder grass resource utilization is high, can meet goat and to grow sooner needs, turn avoid fodder grass waste.Adopt feed the processing of dry forage grass and fine fodder to be mixed together, can avoid changing according to the season or continuously rainwater weather cause because forage grass change diarrhoea, death, degradation loses under feed intake; Containing dusty yeast in feed, be conducive to providing again protein while goat stomach absorbs, being beneficial to the growth of goat stomach gut health.This feed storage phase is long, easy to use simultaneously, is convenient to mechanized operation, easily promotes.Be conducive to mechanization, scale, standardization raising goat.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment to invention has been further description.
A kind of promote Goat Raising after the TMR feed formula that recovers and feeding program, it is characterized in that, described feed is divided into four-stage, first stage is 1-10 age in days, second stage is 11-20 age in days, phase III is 21-30 age in days, and fourth stage is 31-120 age in days, and the formula of described first stage is fine fodder: coarse fodder=5.0: the 5.0 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into; The formula of described second stage is fine fodder: coarse fodder=4.5: the 5.5 feed diet formulas be made into; The formula of described phase III is fine fodder: coarse fodder=4.0: the 6.0 feed diet formulas be made into; The formula of described fourth stage is fine fodder: coarse fodder=3.5: the 6.5 feed diet formulas be made into.Described feed base Diet Formula is: take daily inleting appetite as standard unit, corn: 14.6%, dregs of beans: 5.21%, wheat bran: 4.00%, dusty yeast: 6.35%, large beanstalk: 2.07%, silkworm excrement: 13.11%, salt: 1.00%, silage corn: 43.06%, green hay: 8.06%, ore deposit is added: 2.00%.Wherein: fine fodder is corn, dregs of beans, wheat bran, dusty yeast; Coarse fodder is: silage corn, large beanstalk and green hay; Mineral matter nutritional additive component (configuration proportion): copper sulphate %, ferric sulfate %, manganese sulfate %, zinc sulfate %, magnesium sulfate %, cobalt chloride %, KI %, sodium selenite %, powdered whiting %, cellulase %.The feed diet formula of described fourth stage is: take daily inleting appetite as standard unit, corn: 9.34%, dregs of beans: 3.34%, wheat bran: 2.56%, dusty yeast: 4.07%, large beanstalk: 2.46%, silkworm excrement: 11.98%, salt: 0.91%, silage corn: 53.93%, green hay: 9.58%, ore deposit is added: 1.83%.
This formula can be used for promoting that primiparity ewe and multiparity ewe body condition in postpartum recover, increasing weight and improve reproductive efficiency.
The TMR formula of table 1 ewe first stage in postpartum and cost (1-10 days in postpartum)
*: the dry matter content of silage corn is 46%; Control group is conventional feeding manner, lower same
The TMR formula of table 2 ewe fourth stage in postpartum and cost (31-120 days in postpartum)
| Silkworm excrement | 11.98 | 8.39 | 25.00 | 17.50 |
| Salt | 0.91 | 2.73 | 0.65 | 1.95 |
| Silage corn | 53.93 | 32.36 | 38.49 | 23.09 |
| Green hay | 9.58 | 0.96 | 11.76 | 1.18 |
| Ore deposit is added | 1.83 | 2.75 | 1.35 | 2.03 |
| Add up to | 100.00 | 96.72 | 100.00 | 101.09 |
In the winter time or adopt different essence slightly to feed 2 ~ 3 times than TMR daily ration day according to above-mentioned different feeding period one month postpartum at the beginning of the spring (transitional period), after 30 days, day feeds twice.Terminated to feed in 1.5 hours, daily ingestion amount is 2.7 ~ 3.0kg, drives ecto-and endoparasites once about 20 days postpartum at every turn, and at the end of intermittent drizzles in the rainy season seasons, expelling parasite is once again.
The body condition observing, record experimental group and control group ewe recovers and Gain weight; Join season (3 ~ June) in the spring oestrus with luring feelings ram to detect and breed, perform record.
Result of the test and comparing:
Table 2 test group, control group ewe weight recovery in postpartum and rutting situation (unit: kg)
Claims (1)
1. the TMR feed diet recovered after promoting Goat Raising, is characterized in that, described feed is divided into four-stage, first stage is 1-10 age in days in postpartum, second stage is 11-20 age in days in postpartum, and the phase III is 21-30 age in days in postpartum, and fourth stage is 31-120 age in days in postpartum;
The feed formula of described first stage is: fine fodder: coarse fodder=5.0: the 5.0 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into; The formula of second stage is fine fodder: coarse fodder=4.5: the 5.5 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into; The formula of phase III is fine fodder: coarse fodder=4.0: the 6.0 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into; The formula of fourth stage is fine fodder: coarse fodder=3.5: the 6.5 basal feed Diet Formulas be made into;
Described first stage basal feed Diet Formula is, take daily inleting appetite as standard unit, corn: 14.6%, dregs of beans: 5.21%, wheat bran: 4.00%, dusty yeast: 6.35%, large beanstalk: 2.07%, silkworm excrement: 13.11%, salt: 1.00%, silage corn: 43.06%, green hay: 8.60%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 2.00%;
The basal feed Diet Formula of described fourth stage is: take daily inleting appetite as standard unit, corn: 9.34%, dregs of beans: 3.34%, wheat bran: 2.56%, dusty yeast: 4.07%, large beanstalk: 2.46%, silkworm excrement: 11.98%, salt: 0.91%, silage corn: 53.93%, green hay: 9.58%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 1.83%;
Described mineral matter nutritional additive configuration proportion is: ferric sulfate 0.596%, copper sulphate 0.394%, manganese sulfate 0.308%, zinc sulfate 1.462%, magnesium sulfate 4.0%, cobalt chloride 0.0202%, KI 0.0039%, sodium selenite 0.0066%, AD3 powder 2.0%, cellulase 1.500%, powdered whiting 89.709%.
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| CN105454149B (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2019-12-13 | 北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司 | Mutton sheep early-stage feeding method and feed |
| CN104256209B (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-11-09 | 昭通市高山农业科技有限公司 | A kind of ewe, Fattening Sheep concentrate feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105432558A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-30 | 全椒县马厂镇周巷山羊养殖场 | Fattening method for Boer goat lambs |
| CN106359277A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 新疆雪羚生物科技有限责任公司 | Wild ibex and Xinjiang cashmere goat crossbreeding method |
| CN106343179A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-25 | 蒋成英 | Lactation period milk goat feed and use method thereof |
| CN106071177A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-09 | 蒋成英 | One milk sheep feedstuff lactation period and using method thereof |
| CN110292116A (en) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-10-01 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | A kind of double pellets and its feeding method of ewe low cost |
| CN111903612B (en) * | 2020-08-29 | 2022-05-20 | 沈阳农业大学 | Feeding method for breeding donkey in northern farming-grazing staggered manner |
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