CN103168967B - TMR feed formula for reducing lamb weaning stress reaction and promoting growth - Google Patents
TMR feed formula for reducing lamb weaning stress reaction and promoting growth Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a TMR feed formula for reducing lamb weaning stress reaction and promoting growth. The TMR feed formula is characterized by being divided into three stages of feed diet formula, wherein the first stage comprises 51-60 days, the second stage comprises 61-65 days, and the third stage comprises 66-90 days. A large amount of a TMR feed can be prepared in one time and sub-packaged for storage so as to be convenient to use, and facilitate the mechanized operation and commercial promotion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the feed formula of a kind of sheep and the technology of feeding, relate in particular to a kind of TMR feed formula and technology of feeding that reduces kid ablactation stress reaction promotion growth.
Background technology
Amount of livestock on hand, the mutton total output of Chinese Goat occupy first of the world, and supply falls short of demand already for product.But since two thousand five, the breeding stock of sheep is always in the state of hovering, year mutton total output is difficult to break through 4,000,000 tons, and the mutton total outputs in 2015 that the national Ministry of Agriculture formulates are 4,400,000 tons, causing mutton total output be difficult to a to realize a plan important restriction factor of target is owing to occurring serious ablactation stress reaction after kid 2 monthly ages wean, and the lamb early growth and development causing is thus slow or depauperation or stop growing, or negative growth, and disease incident, the high serious agricultural technology problem of the death rate.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, solve the production technology difficult problem that meat goat produces medium-term and long-term existence, a kind of TMR feed formula and breeding technology that reduces kid ablactation stress reaction promotion growth is provided, and is mainly for TMR feed formula and the technology of feeding before and after kid 2 monthly ages wean.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
Reduce the TMR feed formula that the reaction of kid ablactation stress promotes growth, it is characterized in that, described feed formula is divided into the feed diet formula of three phases, and the first stage is 51-60 age in days, and second stage is 61-65 age in days, and the phase III is 66-90 age in days.Described first stage feed diet formula is: taking daily inleting appetite as standard unit, corn: 36.27%, dregs of beans: 10.10%, wheat bran: 5.17%, dusty yeast 1.96%: large beanstalk: 2.07%, silkworm excrement: 4.13%, powered milk substitute 34.42%, salt: 1.00%, green hay: 2.88%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 2.0%.Described second stage feed diet formula is: corn: 44.0%, dregs of beans: 12.20%, wheat bran: 6.40%, dusty yeast: 2.40%, large beanstalk: 2.50%, silkworm excrement: 5.00%, salt: 1.00%, powered milk substitute: 21.00%, green hay: 3.50%, mineral matter nutritional additive 2.00%.
The feed diet formula of described phase III is: taking daily inleting appetite as standard unit, corn: 56.22%, dregs of beans: 15.66%, wheat bran 8.01%, dusty yeast: 3.04%, large beanstalk: 3.21%, silkworm excrement: 6.40%, salt: 1.00%, green hay: 4.46%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 2.00%.
Described mineral matter nutritional additive is: ferric sulfate 0.696%, copper sulphate 0.349%, manganese sulfate 0.462%, zinc sulfate 1.722%, magnesium sulfate 2.600%, cobalt chloride 0.0200%, KI 0.0035%, sodium selenite 0.0060%, powdered whiting 85.451%, methionine 2.500%, lysine 3.500%, AD3 powder 2.000%, Bacitracin Zinc 0.150%, cellulase 1.000%.
A kind of TMR feed formula and breeding technology that reduces kid ablactation stress reaction promotion growth, it is characterized in that, take each raw material by foregoing Diet Formula, adopt feed-processing equipment to pulverize fine fodder and coarse fodder, mix respectively, when use, slightly mix than weighing by difference essence, add the clean drinking water of feed dry weight approximately 20% to mix wet rear nursing.Fine fodder is corn, dregs of beans, wheat bran, corn and dusty yeast; Coarse fodder is large beanstalk and green hay.While feeding, first fine fodder is made into mixed concentrate, then feeds after adding coarse fodder to mix by different proportion.
Described coarse fodder is: the crude fiber content in feed is higher than more than 18% feed;
Described fine fodder is: the crude fiber content in feed is lower than 18% feed.
The technology of feeding:
(1) dusty yeast science: sheep is ruminant, ruminant is mainly by microorganism and fore-stomach movement digest food, microorganism is mainly anaerobism infusorian and bacterium, in cub glandular stomach, infusorian mainly contacts by raiseeing with parent with bacterium, other ruminants directly contact or extraneous infection forms, and various infusorians and bacterium could appear in the general 90-120 age in days of ruminant.And in dusty yeast with saccharomycete can help digest absorption, good protein also can be provided, simultaneously dusty yeast is fragrant, increases the appetite of sheep, improves feed palatability, feed cuts the waste.
(2) cellulase preparation science: cellulase, in improving cellulose in feed, hemicellulose and decomposing, can become stodgy macromolecular polysaccharide, protein and lipid degradation small-molecule substance to be conducive to that sheep is GI to digest and assimilate; Can activate the secretion of endogenous enzymes, supplement the deficiency of endogenous enzymes, improve enzyme and nutrient contact area, promote the good digestion of feed, go back and other enzyme actings in conjunction raising sheep decomposition and digestion to feed nutrition material, ensure the normal digestion and absorption function of sheep; Can eliminate ANFs, promote the healthy growth of sheep, play diseases prevention, somatotrophic effect; It is complete that cellulase also has the Morphological Indices of Duodenum Villus of maintaining, and promotes the function of absorption of nutrient ingredients.
(3) Bacitracin Zinc science: Bacitracin Zinc has the effect that promotes cub growth, Main Function mechanism: the one, strengthen Abwehrkraft des Koepers, main by suppressing the propagation of pathogenic microbes in intestines, promote beneficial microorganism growth, reduce the incidence of disease, thereby promote cub growth; The 2nd, the digestion and absorption function of promotion body, is mainly by making the attenuation of intestines wall, increases the permeability of intestinal mucosa and changes intestines intracellular metabolite environment, promotes digesting and assimilating of nutrition.
(4) green hay powder science: because the digestive organs of weaned lamb are still in starting growth and development stage, the volume of stomach and intestine and very imperfection of digestive physiology function, and tradition cultivates the fresh grass of mainly feeding, fresh careless moisture is many on the one hand, dry is few, can not meet the nutritional need of sheep, so that the lamb green grass that too much searches for food causes retarded growth (" pointed at both ends; broad in the middle "), or causes that the diseases such as severe diarrhea occurs cause to grow and be seriously obstructed; A large amount of fresh grass of searching for food on the other hand, the first batch of tender fresh grass of children that particularly change according to the season, in cud, fermentation produces too much gas, can not excrete in time, easily forms the acute distension gas of cud, easily causes sheep death.And the green hay of searching for food can meet nutritional need, can promote again growing of pipe intestinal digesting organ, the goat death of having avoided the factor such as diarrhoea, acute distension gas to cause.
(5) opaque feed advantage: opaque feed good palatability, can effectively utilize many goats not search for food or not like the fodder grass of searching for food (as large beanstalk, silkworm excrement etc.), improve fodder grass resource utilization, and it is particular about food to have reduced to a great extent lamb, the phenomenons such as feed waste, the opaque feed storage life is long simultaneously, once preparation, can use for a long time in a large number, and simple to operate, easier mechanization, commercialization is promoted, and the nutritional labeling of feed general equilibrium more, growing of sheep had to obvious facilitation, there is the scale of the sheep of promotion industry, the long-range meaning of standardized production.Because from the biological structure feature of sheep, sheep does not go up front tooth, but have lower incisor and upper and lower cutting, upper lower lip is very flexible, sense of smell sensitive especially (thereby property particular about food is stronger compared with other domestic animals).In the time searching for food, sheep always utilizes and goes up lower lip flexibly a branch of forage grass is held in the mouth in mouth, then utilizes upper and lower cutting that forage grass is bitten broken, and wherein small part is eaten in abdomen after simply chewing, but most of forage grass can drop on the ground, thereby cause a large amount of fodder grass wastes.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
TMR feed formula of the present invention and the technology of feeding can effectively reduce the ablactation stress reaction occurring after kid 2 monthly ages wean and the early growth and development causing thus slow or stop growing, or negative growth, and the great production technology difficult problem such as disease incident, death rate height, reach the ablactation stress reaction that reduces lamb, reduce disease incident, improve lamb survival rate, enhancing development and the general level of the health; In feed, contain dusty yeast, cellulase preparation and Bacitracin Zinc, being conducive to decompose nutriment in feed, promote to provide again protein in goat stomach intestinal absorption, be beneficial to goat stomach gut health and grow.This feed storage life of while is long, easy to use, is convenient to mechanized operation, easily promotes.Be conducive to mechanization, scale, standardization raising goat.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Reduce TMR feed formula and a breeding technology that the reaction of kid ablactation stress promotes growth, it is characterized in that, described feed is divided into three phases, and the first stage is 51-60 age in days, and second stage is 61-65 age in days, and the phase III is 66-90 age in days.Described first stage feed diet formula is: taking daily inleting appetite as standard unit, corn: 36.27%, dregs of beans: 10.10%, wheat bran: 5.17%, dusty yeast 1.96%: large beanstalk: 2.07%, silkworm excrement: 4.13%, powered milk substitute 34.42%, salt: 1.00%, green hay: 2.88%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 2.0%.Described second stage feed diet formula is: corn: 44.0%, dregs of beans: 12.20%, wheat bran: 6.40%, dusty yeast: 2.40%, large beanstalk: 2.50%, silkworm excrement: 5.00%, salt: 1.00%, powered milk substitute: 21.00%, green hay: 3.50%, mineral matter nutritional additive 2.00%.
The feed diet formula of described phase III is: taking daily inleting appetite as standard unit, corn: 56.22%, dregs of beans: 15.66%, wheat bran 8.01%, dusty yeast: 3.04%, large beanstalk: 3.21%, silkworm excrement: 6.40%, salt: 1.00%, green hay: 4.46%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 2.00%.Described mineral matter nutritional additive is: ferric sulfate 0.696%, copper sulphate 0.349%, manganese sulfate 0.462%, zinc sulfate 1.722%, magnesium sulfate 2.600%, cobalt chloride 0.0200%, KI 0.0035%, sodium selenite 0.0060%, powdered whiting 85.451%, methionine 2.500%, lysine 3.500%, AD3 powder 2.000%, Bacitracin Zinc 0.150%, cellulase 1.000%.
51-60 age in days: experimental group lamb adopts daytime and the ewe separant induction TMR feed of filling a prescription of feeding, and the mode of putting back to night in ewe colony house is tested.Experiment purpose is to raise by luring, and makes lamb adapt in advance the feed diet after wean, to reduce the stress reaction after wean suddenly.In process for reduce the artificial scaring of lamb stress, adopt sheep hurdle Internal Small-scale isolation colony house to isolate.
61-90 age in days: feeding of lamb arranges adapt with their nutritional need feature.Because in early days between weaning period, the stomach of lamb is grown very imperfection, a little less than stomach volume, digestive function, dry absorbs few, so it is closely related to offer quality and the impact that lamb is weaned suddenly of solid feed of firm weaned lamb, recommendation has practice significance containing the solid feed of crude protein at high proportion very much.Particularly 61-65 days after wean, be main " the ablactation stress reaction " that food forage is main appearance that change in order to reduce lamb from food milk, designing and carried out a transitional period (weaning latter 5 days) raises, before implementation wean, lure the TMR feed that continues the high powered milk substitute of employing after raising to improve the protein level of feeding, reduce and occur food refusal because feed flip-flop causes, adopt afterwards the TMR feed of 66-90 days, reach " the ablactation stress reaction " that reduce lamb, promote the object that lamb Fast Growth is grown.
Experimental group lamb adjustment of concentrate-roughage ratio of feeding for every ten days: in experimentation,, according to the situation of growing of lamb, reasonably adjustment in every ten days was progressively transitioned into 5: 5 to improve efficiency of feed utilization, to reduce production costs from 6: 4 by concentrate-roughage ratio.
In experimentation, control group and experimental group are separated completely, prevent altering circle, eating steathily feed mutually of lamb, and require to observe, record, measure in strict accordance with zoopery.
Table 1 100Kg solar eclipse feed formula and cost statement (51-60 age in days)
Note: control group lamb is conventional feeding manner, does not lure and raises specially
Table 2 100Kg wean transition feed diet formula and cost statement (61-65 age in days)
Table 3 100Kg feed diet formula and cost statement (66-90 age in days)
Two, the body weight, the body measurement that experimental group sheep are carried out, and feed intake and growing state to experimental group and control group carries out detailed record, account cost benefit.DIFFERENT FEED and the impact of mode on Lamb daily gain of feeding.
Table 4 61-90d daily gain table
Index | Experimental group | Control group |
Starting weight BW1 (Kg/ only) | 11.8 | 11.6 |
Finish body weight BW2 (Kg/ only) | 16.6 | 14.3 |
Daily gain ADG (g/d/ only) | 150.0 | 79.1 |
Table 5 61-90d Economic Benefit Accounting table
Note: income is calculated by kind of a sheep actual selling price
Can find out that by table 1-5 the reaction of minimizing of the present invention kid ablactation stress promotes the TMR feed formula of the growth fast gaining of feeding; being specially 61-90 age in days benefit is+88.78% compared with the control; feed is fed conveniently simultaneously; can prepare long term storage in a large number again and be convenient to mechanization scale and feed; the diseases such as the diarrhoea that minimizing causes because forage grass changes, have great economic benefit.So it is the feasible feeding pattern that has again productivity effect of quality that scientific and reasonable feed formula coordinates the novel technology of feeding.
Certainly; the above is only one embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, within these improvements and modifications all belong to the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. one kind is reduced the TMR feed formula of kid ablactation stress reaction promotion growth, it is characterized in that, described feed formula is divided into the feed diet formula of three phases, and the first stage is 51-60 age in days, second stage is 61-65 age in days, and the phase III is 66-90 age in days;
Described first stage feed diet formula is: taking daily inleting appetite as standard unit, corn: 36.27%, dregs of beans: 10.10%, wheat bran: 5.17%, dusty yeast 1.96%: large beanstalk: 2.07%, silkworm excrement: 4.13%, powered milk substitute 34.42%, salt: 1.00%, green hay: 2.88%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 2.0%;
Described second stage feed diet formula is: corn: 44.0%, dregs of beans: 12.20%, wheat bran: 6.40%, dusty yeast: 2.40%, large beanstalk: 2.50%, silkworm excrement: 5.00%, salt: 1.00%, powered milk substitute: 21.00%, green hay: 3.50%, mineral matter nutritional additive 2.00%;
The feed diet formula of described phase III is: taking daily inleting appetite as standard unit, corn: 56.22%, dregs of beans: 15.66%, wheat bran 8.01%, dusty yeast: 3.04%, large beanstalk: 3.21%, silkworm excrement: 6.40%, salt: 1.00%, green hay: 4.46%, mineral matter nutritional additive: 2.00%;
Described mineral matter nutritional additive is: ferric sulfate 0.696%, copper sulphate 0.349%, manganese sulfate 0.462%, zinc sulfate 1.722%, magnesium sulfate 2.600%, cobalt chloride 0.0200%, KI 0.0035%, sodium selenite 0.0060%, powdered whiting 85.451%, methionine 2.500%, lysine 3.500%, AD3 powder 2.000%, Bacitracin Zinc 0.150%, cellulase 1.000%.
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