CN106360086B - Special feed composition for breeding geese of Wanxi white geese, preparation method and use method - Google Patents
Special feed composition for breeding geese of Wanxi white geese, preparation method and use method Download PDFInfo
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a special feed composition for breeding Anhui western white geese, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 500 parts of 340-sand-doped corn flour, 150 parts of 120-sand-doped pea skin powder, 250 parts of 180-sand-doped bran, 150 parts of 100-sand-doped cassava leaf powder, 50-60 parts of alfalfa powder, 500 parts of 340-sand-doped fermented pea meal, 5-12 parts of vegetable oil, 20-25 parts of stone powder, 2-4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 2-5 parts of L-lysine salt, 3-5 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 4-5 parts of magnesium oxide, 6-9 parts of feed-grade urea, 3-5 parts of salt, 10-20 parts of fishbone powder, 3-7 parts of shrimp shell powder and 5-8 parts of goose premix. The special feed composition for breeding geese provided by the invention is used for breeding geese in a breeding period, has high protein content and comprehensive and balanced nutrition, completely meets various nutrient substances required by the breeding geese, can effectively guarantee the health of the breeding geese, and improves the annual egg yield, the hatching egg fertility rate and the hatching rate of the breeding geese of Wanxi white geese. Meanwhile, the using amount of protein feed in the concentrate is obviously reduced, the breeding cost is reduced, the daily ration fiber content of the feed for breeding geese is increased, the daily ration structure is balanced, and the feed conversion rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of animal feed, and particularly relates to a special feed composition for breeding Anhui west white geese, and a preparation method and a use method of the composition.
Background
The Wanxi white goose is a herbivorous waterfowl, has strong foraging property, good fattening performance and fresh and tender meat quality, and has considerable market advantages. The Wanxi white goose has a special physiological structure, has a strong muscular stomach, a long digestive tract and a developed cecum, can effectively digest and utilize protein and fiber components in the feed, wherein a proper amount of coarse feed is usually added into feed so as to promote the healthy growth of the goose and save the breeding cost; on the other hand, the feed ingredients and the preparation method for raising are not reasonable, and the nutrition taken by the breeding geese is not comprehensive, so that the breeding capability of the breeding geese of the Wanxi white geese is low, and the development of intensive breeding of the Wanxi white geese is greatly hindered.
Cassava is one of three potatoes in the world, is an important economic crop in tropical and subtropical regions in China, and the planting area of the cassava in China is about 600 ten thousand mu, wherein the planting area of the cassava in Hainan province is about 200 ten thousand mu. Cassava mainly harvests underground parts, leaves need to be thinned in the production and planting process in order to prevent the overground parts from being too flourishing, and then a large amount of cassava leaves are generated and are mainly treated as wastes. The cassava leaf protein content generally exceeds 25%, and the cassava leaf feed is rich in various vitamins and minerals, has high nutritional value, and can be used as a good cassava leaf feed after being processed. The yield of the cassava leaves is very high, and the yield of the cassava leaves reasonably picked (without influencing the yield of the cassava) is equivalent to the yield of local high-quality leguminous pasture.
The alfalfa is a common wild plant and has high yield, the pea skin is a common waste, but the alfalfa and the pea skin have high nutritional value, the dry powder of the alfalfa and the pea skin is rich in high-quality protein and can improve the disease resistance and the rehabilitation capability of the organism, and meanwhile, the pea skin and the corn are used together as a feed to play a role in protein complementation.
Therefore, a low-cost and rich-nutrition special feed composition for white breeding geese in western Anhui province is needed to be developed, so that the breeding cost can be effectively reduced, and comprehensive nutrition can be provided for the breeding geese.
Disclosure of Invention
The feed provided by the invention utilizes cassava leaves which are a byproduct of cassava planting as one of preparation raw materials, combines alfalfa, pea skins and other raw materials, and uses fermented pea meal with crude protein of more than 40% in a matching manner, so that the protein content is very rich.
Specifically, the special feed composition for breeding Anhui west white geese provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
500 parts of 340-sand-enriched corn flour, 150 parts of 120-sand-enriched pea hull powder, 250 parts of bran 180, 150 parts of 100-sand-enriched cassava leaf powder, 50-60 parts of alfalfa powder, 500 parts of 340-sand-enriched fermented pea meal, 5-12 parts of vegetable oil, 20-25 parts of stone powder, 2-4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 2-5 parts of L-lysine salt, 3-5 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 4-5 parts of magnesium oxide, 6-9 parts of feed-grade urea, 3-5 parts of salt, 10-20 parts of fishbone powder, 3-7 parts of shrimp shell powder and 5-8 parts of goose premix.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise, by mass, 340 parts of corn flour, 120 parts of pea hull powder, 180 parts of bran, 100 parts of cassava leaf powder, 50 parts of alfalfa powder, 340 parts of fermented pea meal, 5 parts of vegetable oil, 20 parts of stone powder, 2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 2 parts of L-lysine salt, 3 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 4 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of feed-grade urea, 3 parts of salt, 10 parts of fishbone powder, 3 parts of shrimp shell powder and 5 parts of goose premix.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise, by mass, 500 parts of corn flour, 150 parts of pea hull powder, 250 parts of bran, 150 parts of cassava leaf powder, 60 parts of alfalfa powder, 350 parts of fermented pea meal, 12 parts of vegetable oil, 25 parts of stone powder, 4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 5 parts of L-lysine salt, 5 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 5 parts of magnesium oxide, 9 parts of feed-grade urea, 5 parts of salt, 20 parts of fishbone powder, 7 parts of shrimp shell powder and 8 parts of goose premix.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise, by mass, 420 parts of corn flour, 140 parts of pea hull powder, 220 parts of bran, 140 parts of cassava leaf powder, 53 parts of alfalfa powder, 344 parts of fermented pea meal, 8 parts of vegetable oil, 22 parts of stone powder, 3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 4 parts of L-lysine salt, 4 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 4.2 parts of magnesium oxide, 8 parts of feed-grade urea, 4.5 parts of salt, 26 parts of fishbone powder, 4 parts of shrimp shell powder and 6 parts of goose premix.
Preferably, the cassava leaf powder is selected from the raw material of the leaf blade which is 50cm away from the top of the plant when the cassava grows to the plant height which is more than or equal to 150 cm.
Preferably, the fermented pea meal is prepared by mixing pea meal serving as a raw material with lactic acid bacteria and sucrose and fermenting for 2-3 days at 38-40 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the pea meal to the lactic acid bacteria to the sucrose is 100: 2-3: 4-5.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the special feed composition for breeding Anhui west white geese, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking alfalfa, airing at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ until the water content in the alfalfa is less than or equal to 10%, crushing and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain alfalfa powder;
taking cassava leaves, airing at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ until the water content in the cassava leaves is less than or equal to 40%, crushing, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain cassava leaf powder;
taking the pea peels, airing at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ until the moisture content in the pea peels is less than or equal to 10%, crushing and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain pea peel powder;
crushing corn, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain corn flour;
weighing 500 parts of 340-type corn flour, 150 parts of 120-type pea peel powder, 250 parts of 180-type bran, 150 parts of cassava leaf powder, 50-60 parts of alfalfa powder, 500 parts of 340-type fermented pea meal, 5-12 parts of vegetable oil, 20-25 parts of stone powder, 2-4 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 2-5 parts of L-lysine salt, 3-5 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 4-5 parts of magnesium oxide, 6-9 parts of feed-grade urea, 3-5 parts of salt, 10-20 parts of fishbone powder, 3-7 parts of shrimp shell powder and 5-8 parts of goose premix according to the following parts by mass, mixing and uniformly stirring the weighed raw material components to obtain the special feed composition for white geese in Wanxi province.
The invention also provides a use method of the special feed composition for breeding Anhui west white geese, and the feed composition is fed according to the total amount of 200g-250g of Anhui west white geese every day, the feeding frequency is two times, and water is freely drunk.
The special feed composition for breeding Anhui west white geese provided by the invention is used for breeding Anhui west white geese in a breeding period, has high protein content, contains trace elements required by the breeding Anhui west geese, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, nitrogen and the like, has comprehensive and balanced nutrition, completely meets various nutrient substances required by the breeding Anhui west geese, can effectively ensure the health of the Anhui west white geese, and improves the annual egg laying amount, the hatching egg fertilization rate and the hatching egg rate of the Anhui west white geese. Meanwhile, the using amount of protein feed in the concentrate is obviously reduced, the breeding cost is reduced, the daily ration fiber content of the feed for breeding geese is increased, the daily ration structure is balanced, and the feed conversion rate is improved.
In addition, the main raw materials have high nutritive value and large biomass, are easy to collect and process, reduce the consumption of grain resources in the feed, and have important significance for widening the sources of coarse feed in breeding geese and reasonably utilizing the byproducts of the cash crops.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention should not be construed as being limited thereto.
The special feed composition for breeding Anhui west white geese is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
500 parts of 340-sand-enriched corn flour, 150 parts of 120-sand-enriched pea hull powder, 250 parts of bran 180, 150 parts of 100-sand-enriched cassava leaf powder, 50-60 parts of alfalfa powder, 500 parts of 340-sand-enriched fermented pea meal, 5-12 parts of vegetable oil, 20-25 parts of stone powder, 2-4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 2-5 parts of L-lysine salt, 3-5 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 4-5 parts of magnesium oxide, 6-9 parts of feed-grade urea, 3-5 parts of salt, 10-20 parts of fishbone powder, 3-7 parts of shrimp shell powder and 5-8 parts of goose premix.
The goose premix may be a commercially available conventional goose premix.
Preferably, the cassava leaf powder is selected from the leaves which are 50cm away from the top of the plant when the cassava grows to the plant height which is more than or equal to 150 cm. The fermented pea meal is prepared by mixing pea meal serving as a raw material with lactic acid bacteria and sucrose and fermenting for 1-2 days at 38-40 ℃, wherein the mass ratio of the pea meal to the lactic acid bacteria to the sucrose is 100: 2-3: 4-5.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a preparation method of the special feed composition for breeding geese of Wanxi white geese, which is implemented according to the following steps:
taking alfalfa, airing at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ until the water content in the alfalfa is less than or equal to 10%, crushing and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain alfalfa powder;
taking cassava leaves, airing at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ until the water content in the cassava leaves is less than or equal to 40%, crushing, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain cassava leaf powder;
taking the pea peels, airing at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ until the moisture content in the pea peels is less than or equal to 10%, crushing and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain pea peel powder;
crushing corn, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain corn flour;
weighing 500 parts of 340-type corn flour, 150 parts of 120-type pea peel powder, 250 parts of 180-type bran, 150 parts of cassava leaf powder, 50-60 parts of alfalfa powder, 500 parts of 340-type fermented pea meal, 5-12 parts of vegetable oil, 20-25 parts of stone powder, 2-4 parts of calcium hydrogen phosphate, 2-5 parts of L-lysine salt, 3-5 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 4-5 parts of magnesium oxide, 6-9 parts of feed-grade urea, 3-5 parts of salt, 10-20 parts of fishbone powder, 3-7 parts of shrimp shell powder and 5-8 parts of goose premix according to the following parts by mass, mixing and uniformly stirring the weighed raw material components to obtain the special feed composition for white geese in Wanxi province.
Preferably, the feed composition special for breeding Anhui western white geese comprises the following embodiments:
example 1
The special feed composition for breeding white geese in Wanxi comprises, by mass, 340 parts of corn flour, 120 parts of pea hull powder, 180 parts of bran, 100 parts of cassava leaf powder, 50 parts of alfalfa powder, 340 parts of fermented pea meal, 5 parts of vegetable oil, 20 parts of stone powder, 2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 2 parts of L-lysine salt, 3 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 4 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of feed-grade urea, 3 parts of salt, 10 parts of fishbone powder, 3 parts of shrimp shell powder and 5 parts of a premix for geese. The preparation method is implemented according to the following steps:
respectively taking a certain amount of cassava leaves and pea skins, airing the cassava leaves and the pea skins at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ until the water content in the cassava leaves is less than or equal to 40 percent and the water content in the alfalfa is less than or equal to 10 percent, respectively crushing and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve to respectively obtain cassava leaf powder and alfalfa powder; meanwhile, crushing the corn, and sieving the corn by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain corn flour;
100g of pea meal, 2g of lactic acid bacteria and 4g of sucrose are mixed and fermented for 2 days at 38-40 ℃ to obtain the fermented pea meal.
Weighing 340 parts of corn flour, 120 parts of pea peel powder, 180 parts of bran, 100 parts of cassava leaf powder, 50 parts of alfalfa powder, 340 parts of fermented pea meal, 5 parts of vegetable oil, 20 parts of stone powder, 2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 2 parts of L-lysine salt, 3 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 4 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of feed-grade urea, 3 parts of salt, 10 parts of fishbone powder, 3 parts of shrimp shell powder and 5 parts of goose premix according to the following mass parts, mixing and uniformly stirring the weighed raw material components to obtain the special feed composition for the white goose in Western Anhui province.
Example 2
The feed composition special for breeding white geese in Wanxi comprises, by mass, 500 parts of corn flour, 150 parts of pea hull powder, 250 parts of bran, 150 parts of cassava leaf powder, 60 parts of alfalfa powder, 350 parts of fermented pea meal, 12 parts of vegetable oil, 25 parts of stone powder, 4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 5 parts of L-lysine salt, 5 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 5 parts of magnesium oxide, 9 parts of feed-grade urea, 5 parts of salt, 20 parts of fishbone powder, 7 parts of shrimp shell powder and 8 parts of a goose premix. The preparation method is implemented according to the following steps:
respectively taking a certain amount of cassava leaves and pea skins, airing the cassava leaves and the pea skins at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ until the water content in the cassava leaves is less than or equal to 40 percent and the water content in the alfalfa is less than or equal to 10 percent, respectively crushing and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve to respectively obtain cassava leaf powder and alfalfa powder; meanwhile, crushing the corn, and sieving the corn by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain corn flour;
100g of pea meal, 3g of lactic acid bacteria and 5g of cane sugar are mixed and fermented for 3 days at the temperature of 38-40 ℃ to obtain the fermented pea meal.
The feed comprises, by mass, 500 parts of corn flour, 150 parts of pea hull powder, 250 parts of bran, 150 parts of cassava leaf powder, 60 parts of alfalfa powder, 350 parts of fermented pea meal, 12 parts of vegetable oil, 25 parts of stone powder, 4 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 5 parts of L-lysine salt, 5 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 5 parts of magnesium oxide, 9 parts of feed-grade urea, 5 parts of salt, 20 parts of fishbone powder, 7 parts of shrimp shell powder and 8 parts of goose premix. And mixing and uniformly stirring the weighed raw material components to obtain the special feed composition for the Wanxi white goose breeding goose.
Example 3
The special feed composition for white goose breeding in western Anhui province comprises, by mass, 420 parts of corn flour, 140 parts of pea hull powder, 220 parts of bran, 140 parts of cassava leaf powder, 53 parts of alfalfa powder, 344 parts of fermented pea meal, 8 parts of vegetable oil, 22 parts of stone powder, 3 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 4 parts of L-lysine salt, 4 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 4.2 parts of magnesium oxide, 8 parts of feed-grade urea, 4.5 parts of salt, 26 parts of fishbone powder, 4 parts of shrimp shell powder and 6 parts of goose premix.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 2.
270 healthy Wanxi breeding geese with similar age in days are selected and randomly divided into three groups, the first group is 90, the second group is 90, and the third group is 90, and the feed composition special for the breeding geese in the examples 1, 2 and 3 is respectively fed to each goose, wherein the feeding frequency is two according to the total amount of 120g-180g of each goose per day, wherein the feeding is carried out once at 9:00-11:00 in the morning and once at 4:00-5:00 in the afternoon, and the free drinking means that the geese drink water according to a conventional feeding method.
Wherein, the average egg laying number of 3 groups of geese is more than 34 per goose, the fertilization rate is 84.6 percent, and the emergence rate is 70 percent.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (1)
1. The special feed composition for breeding Wanxi white geese is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass:
340 parts of corn flour, 120 parts of pea hull powder, 180 parts of bran, 100 parts of cassava leaf powder, 50 parts of alfalfa powder, 340 parts of fermented pea meal, 5 parts of vegetable oil, 20 parts of stone powder, 2 parts of calcium hydrophosphate, 2 parts of L-lysine salt, 3 parts of yeast cell wall polysaccharide, 4 parts of magnesium oxide, 6 parts of feed-grade urea, 3 parts of salt, 10 parts of fishbone powder, 3 parts of shrimp shell powder and 5 parts of goose premix;
the preparation method of the special feed composition for breeding geese of Wanxi white geese comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively taking cassava leaves and pea skins, airing the cassava leaves and the pea skins at the temperature of 30-40 ℃ until the water content in the cassava leaves is less than or equal to 40 percent and the water content in the alfalfa is less than or equal to 10 percent, respectively crushing and sieving by a 40-mesh sieve to respectively obtain cassava leaf powder and alfalfa powder; meanwhile, crushing the corn, and sieving the corn by a 40-mesh sieve to obtain corn flour;
(2) mixing 100g of pea meal, 2g of lactic acid bacteria and 4g of sucrose, and fermenting for 2 days at 38-40 ℃ to obtain fermented pea meal;
(3) and (3) weighing the raw material components according to the mass parts, mixing and uniformly stirring the weighed raw material components to obtain the special feed composition for the Wanxi white goose breeding goose.
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| CN108835444A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-20 | 李心广 | Kind goose feed, preparation method, application and fowl food |
| CN111685241A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-22 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Low-nitrogen concentrate supplement for 5-8 weeks-old Wanxi white geese and application thereof |
| CN113678954A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2021-11-23 | 江苏财经职业技术学院 | Feed for improving production performance of white geese in Zhedong by using shrimp shell powder |
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