CN103210788B - Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method - Google Patents
Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method, comprise Spawn incubation, composts or fertilisers of cultivating preparation and bacterium packs work, inoculation, hair tube are managed, pick off some alabastrum, gather, packed several step.Effective effect of the present invention is: utilize bagasse as one of major ingredient Xinbao mushroom culturing, extend the scope of planting almond abalone mushroom material, increases farming byproduct waste material and uses ability, reduce the pollution to environment, plays a driving role to extension sugarcane production industrial chain; Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method of the present invention affects little by natural cause, can the whole year production of real Xingbao mushroom, and increase by more than 60% than traditional cultivation mode efficiency, biological efficiency reaches 60-80%; Adopt the batten being attached with female bacterium to inoculate bacterium bag, improve bacterium bag inoculation efficiency, bacterium bag success ratio of inoculation reaches more than 99.9%, reduces bacterium bag inoculation pollution rate, sends out bacterium speed and accelerate, shorten bacterium bag and send out the bacterium time, enhance productivity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the culture technique of Xingbao mushroom, particularly Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method.
Background technology
Although China is Edible Fungi big country, the kind of Rare edible fungus is also very limited; Meanwhile, in bacterial classification innovation, cultivation management and deep processing etc. compared with the developed country such as Japanese, French, Dutch, also there is many gaps.Particularly Cultivar replacing and processing two aspects are also difficult to the requirement meeting production & marketing.Along with the development of our people's growth in the living standard and cooking culture, the diet taste of requirement is more and more higher, and make the sharp increase of Rare edible fungus Xingbao mushroom demand, be in a terrible debt in market, holding at high price of Rare edible fungus product, and productivity effect is very considerable.
Current, the culturing edible fungus of China still based on traditional category as mushroom, auricularia auriculajudae, white fungus, flat mushroom and Asparagus etc., quantity is less than 10 kinds; Nature cultivation season mainly concentrates on autumn, winter, and the cultivar of high temperature season is little.Meanwhile, the Edible Fungi region of China overwhelming majority is still naturally to cultivate, and its shortcoming is that the restriction ratio of producing by season is comparatively large, poor controllability; Therefore, be difficult to accomplish long-term stable market supply.Factory culture edible mushroom is the modern Edible Fungi technology developed rapidly in recent years, is characterized in that industrial and annual is produced, and carries out environmental Kuznets Curves intelligent, production operation automation, target level of product quality.Batch production, intelligent culturing edible fungus reach counter-seas on production, make the year-round supply of edible mushroom become possibility, people are spent at all seasons and can have mushroom based food, thus greatly increase economic efficiency.But intelligent, industrial and annual produces edible mushroom, early investment is comparatively large, and operating cost is relatively high, needs the enterprise of certain economic strength, just likely accomplishes.
Xingbao mushroom is produced has very large development potentiality, and its output and consumption area may become bulk product in the world, and the same with agaricus bisporus, mushroom, its development prospect is very good.Edible mushroom is the good project towards international and domestic market adjustment agricultural planting structure.China's human resources are enriched, and labor cost is relatively low, produce the price of edible mushroom and are only the 1/10 even lower of international market, have stronger price advantage in the international market.Edible mushroom is turned waste into wealth, and is the good industry solving surplus labor's difficult problem, and China's development mushroom industry can solve the problem of employment of a large amount of town and country labours.Meanwhile, mushroom industry becomes the optimumitem of agricultural sector structure adjustment with low input high production, and input-output ratio can reach 1:1-2.In recent years, the living standard of our people improves year by year, and get more and more to the demand of the rare mushroom veriety of top grade, price is also thereupon in rising trend, as Xingbao mushroom existing market price reach 15-40 unit/kilogram.
Xingbao mushroom is nutritious, delicious flavour, good appearance, output are higher, general adopts cotton seed hulls or cotton seed hulls and wood chip compound, and production efficiency can reach 60-80%.Pleurotus eryngii fruiting temperature is 13-18 DEG C, belongs to low form kind.Growth of Pleurotus eryngii is grown needs the nutriments such as carbon source, nitrogenous source, mineral matter, vitamin, traditional planting almond abalone mushroom is the natural environment utilizing winter, cultivate in plastic tunnel, this mode Xinbao mushroom culturing exist yield poorly, quality is unstable, the needs that are difficult to meet market large by effect of natural conditions.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention for provide one can Xingbao mushroom output high, quality is high, little by effect of natural conditions, the Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method of the needs in market can be met.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
This Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method, it comprises the following steps:
1) Spawn incubation:
The formula of the medium of Spawn incubation and the mass percent of each component are: batten 30-33%, wheat skin 25-32%, wood chip 25-32%, calcium carbonate 1%, and all the other are wheat;
A, be one group by batten with 30-36 root, be put in bottle after tying up;
B, wheat skin, wood chip, calcium carbonate and wheat being added water stirs, the mixture of get Mai Pi, wood chip, calcium carbonate and wheat 4 kinds of components, the water content of described mixture is 50-52%, a part of mixture is joined the bottle putting into batten, the height of the mixture added exceedes batten 0.4-0.6 cm; In bottle, composts or fertilisers of cultivating central authorities burrow and are beneficial to inoculation and breathe freely;
C, will install the bottle jam-pack of each component of bacterium culture medium with cotton plug, need pinch cotton plug with hand and mention bottle and do not fall, cotton plug is of moderate size, and the part filled in bottle is no more than expansion place of bottleneck, does not encounter each component of bacterium culture medium;
D, covered by the bottle splash guard in step C, put into autoclave sterilizing 7-7.5h, the bottle after sterilizing, after desinfection chamber is cooled to 60 DEG C, is chilled to by force less than 30 DEG C;
E, be linked in bottle by female bacterium, after inoculation, culturing room's temperature controls to carry out hair tube reason at 22-26 DEG C, cultivates 25-28 days;
2) composts or fertilisers of cultivating preparation and bacterium pack work:
The mass percent of culture material formula and each component is: corncob 20-30%, bagasse 20-30%, and oatmeal, corn flour, dregs of beans be 20-30% altogether, and all the other are wood chip;
A, put component each in culture material formula into agitator by its proportioning, add water and stir, mixing time is not less than 20min, and after stirring, moisture controls at 63-64%;
B, each component after stirring is loaded polypropylene plastics pocket, make bacterium bag;
C, bacterium bag is carried out sterilizing 7-7.5h, the bacterium after sterilizing wraps in after desinfection chamber is cooled to 60 DEG C, and be chilled to by force less than 30 DEG C, controlling its pH after the sterilizing of bacterium bag is 5.8-6.5;
3) inoculate: when the bag heart temperature of bacterium bag is no more than 26 DEG C, the batten 1 being attached with female bacterium is inserted into bottom bacterium bag, and the bacterium culture medium containing female bacterium is sprinkled upon bacterium wraps, covering bacterium wraps surface completely;
4) hair tube reason: inoculate and treat that bacterium bag covers with mycelia 300-350g after 33-35 days, bacterium bag is moved into mushroom room fruiting;
5) pick off some alabastrum: continue cultivation and grow mushroom flower bud in 12-13 days, carry out thin flower bud to mushroom flower bud, prune away mushroom flower bud 200-250g, stays 2-3 mushroom flower bud;
6) gather: Xingbao mushroom of gathering after continued growth 6-7 days after dredging flower bud;
7) pack: wash clean hand and cut mushroom cutter before cutting mushroom; Ream the wood chip part of mushroom head, fix mushroom base portion, ream surperficial booty, by level classification, carry out by grade packaged.
Further, to the requirement of component in the medium of described Spawn incubation be: before wood chip uses, water more than 2 months of drenching; Bagasse is deposited after water of drenching for 2-3 days before use; Dregs of beans, wheat skin, corn flour need are fresh, nothing is lumpd, without musty; Wheat 2% limewash soaks 1.5-2.5 days, and after pulling wheat out, remaining limewash pH is 6.5-7.0; Batten 2% limewash soaks 1 day.
Further, the batten in the medium of described Spawn incubation by broadleaf tree material forming, batten height 12-14cm, cross-sectional area 0.4-0.6 × 0.4-0.6cm
2.
Further, in described plant formulation, the weight ratio of oatmeal, corn flour, dregs of beans is 1.8-2.2:1:1.
Further, in described plant formulation, the requirement of component is: corncob uses and is soaked in water for first 1 day; It is 0.2-0.5cm that bagasse crushing machine is crushed to mean particle size.
Further, described bacterium packs makes bacterium bag as with baling press by each component loading polypropylene plastics pocket, and described bacterium bag quality is 1.2-1.25kg, and height is 18.5-19cm.
Further, requirement in described inoculation is: connect the fungus and bacterium quantity that the ground space of points of space, 1 cleaning shop and other necessity tested every day by bacterium personnel culture dish, and the ground space of points of monitoring space, cleaning shop and other necessity grows without fungus and bacterium; Keep transfer room health, temperature is 22-24 DEG C, keeps ice the temperature inside the box 4-7 DEG C; Inoculation the previous day, by the 1% bromogeramine aqueous cleaning that is made into of boiling water that is pollution-free, that cool without the batten being attached with female bacterium of aging phenomenon.
Further, a described bacterium management expectancy of sending out is: the bacterium bag inoculated enters bacteria room in time, is booked rear use 40% formalin and carries out disinfection sterilizing, keep temperature 21-24 DEG C in bacteria room between every; Shading is wanted in bacteria room, remains dark; Relative air humidity controls within 70%, timing ventilation, keeps air fresh.
Further, the described requirement that picks off some alabastrum is: use the special thin flower bud cutter of sterilizing to carry out thin flower bud; When dredging flower bud, the mushroom flower bud of mushroom flower bud or the adjacent bacterium bag that will stay can not be encountered.
Further, described being packaged as when Xingbao mushroom central temperature is 1-4 DEG C is carried out by level vacuum packaging it.
Bagasse is the principal by product of cane sugar manufacture industry, and be the fibroid residue of sugarcane through the broken cane stalk with extracting after sugarcane juice, belonging to the one in agricultural solid residue, is also a kind of renewable resources.In the composition of bagasse, cellulose is 32-48%, hemicellulose 19-24%, lignin 23-32%, ash content about 4%.The growth that bagasse can be Xingbao mushroom provides carbon source.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme: by the improvement to Spawn incubation based formulas and plant formulation, and the management to step several in Xingbao mushroom production process, obtains beneficial effect, is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1, utilize bagasse as one of major ingredient Xinbao mushroom culturing, extend the scope of planting almond abalone mushroom material, agricultural byproduct-bagasse is effectively utilized for sugarcane production district, increase farming byproduct waste material and use ability, reduce the pollution to environment, extension sugarcane production industrial chain is played a driving role.
2, Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method of the present invention affects little by natural cause, can the whole year production of real Xingbao mushroom, extend nearly 7 months of planting almond abalone mushroom time, more than 60% is increased than traditional cultivation mode efficiency, by each bacterium bag composts or fertilisers of cultivating 2.4 jin, produce Xingbao mushroom 600 grams, biological efficiency reaches 60-80%; Fresh mushroom 5-6 ton can be produced every day.Broken the limitation in season, made the long-term stable market supply of Xingbao mushroom, improve the production efficiency of Xingbao mushroom, the phenomenon more solving town and country s anxiety provides technical support.
3, the batten being attached with female bacterium is adopted to inoculate bacterium bag, improve bacterium bag inoculation efficiency, bacterium bag success ratio of inoculation reaches more than 99.9%, reduce bacterium bag inoculation pollution rate, send out bacterium speed to accelerate, cover with the time shorten 5-10 days of bacterium bag than conventional method inoculation mycelia, shorten bacterium bag and send out the bacterium time, enhance productivity.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method, it comprises the following steps:
1) Spawn incubation:
The formula of the medium of Spawn incubation and the mass percent of each component are: batten 30-33%, wheat skin 25-32%, wood chip 25-32%, calcium carbonate 1%, and all the other are wheat;
A, be one group by batten with 30-36 root, be put in bottle after tying up;
B, wheat skin, wood chip, calcium carbonate and wheat being added water stirs, the mixture of get Mai Pi, wood chip, calcium carbonate and wheat 4 kinds of components, the water content of described mixture is 50-52%, a part of mixture is joined the bottle putting into batten, the height of the mixture added exceedes batten 0.4-0.6 cm; In bottle, composts or fertilisers of cultivating central authorities burrow and are beneficial to inoculation and breathe freely;
C, will install the bottle jam-pack of each component of bacterium culture medium with cotton plug, need pinch cotton plug with hand and mention bottle and do not fall, cotton plug is of moderate size, and the part filled in bottle is no more than expansion place of bottleneck, does not encounter each component of bacterium culture medium;
D, covered by the bottle splash guard in step C, put into autoclave sterilizing 7-7.5h, the bottle after sterilizing, after desinfection chamber is cooled to 60 DEG C, is chilled to by force less than 30 DEG C;
E, be linked in bottle by female bacterium, after inoculation, culturing room's temperature controls to carry out hair tube reason at 22-26 DEG C, cultivates 25-28 days;
2) composts or fertilisers of cultivating preparation and bacterium pack work:
The mass percent of culture material formula and each component is: corncob 20-30%, bagasse 20-30%, and oatmeal, corn flour, dregs of beans be 20-30% altogether, and all the other are wood chip;
A, put component each in culture material formula into agitator by its proportioning, add water and stir, mixing time is not less than 20min, and after stirring, moisture controls at 63-64%;
B, each component after stirring is loaded polypropylene plastics pocket, make bacterium bag;
C, bacterium bag is carried out sterilizing 7-7.5h, the bacterium after sterilizing wraps in after desinfection chamber is cooled to 60 DEG C, and be chilled to by force less than 30 DEG C, controlling its pH after the sterilizing of bacterium bag is 5.8-6.5;
3) inoculate: when the bag heart temperature of bacterium bag is no more than 26 DEG C, the batten 1 being attached with female bacterium is inserted into bottom bacterium bag, and the bacterium culture medium containing female bacterium is sprinkled upon bacterium wraps, covering bacterium wraps surface completely;
4) hair tube reason: inoculate and treat that bacterium bag covers with mycelia 300-350g after 33-35 days, bacterium bag is moved into mushroom room fruiting;
5) pick off some alabastrum: continue cultivation and grow mushroom flower bud in 12-13 days, carry out thin flower bud to mushroom flower bud, prune away mushroom flower bud 200-250g, stays 2-3 mushroom flower bud;
6) gather: Xingbao mushroom of gathering after continued growth 6-7 days after dredging flower bud;
7) pack: wash clean hand and cut mushroom cutter before cutting mushroom; Ream the wood chip part of mushroom head, fix mushroom base portion, ream surperficial booty, by level classification, carry out by grade packaged.
Further, to the requirement of component in the medium of described Spawn incubation be: before wood chip uses, water more than 2 months of drenching; Bagasse is deposited after water of drenching for 2-3 days before use; Dregs of beans, wheat skin, corn flour need are fresh, nothing is lumpd, without musty; Wheat 2% limewash soaks 1.5-2.5 days, and after pulling wheat out, remaining limewash pH is 6.5-7.0; Batten 2% limewash soaks 1 day.
Further, the batten in the medium of described Spawn incubation by broadleaf tree material forming, batten height 12-14cm, cross-sectional area 0.4-0.6 × 0.4-0.6cm
2.
Further, in described plant formulation, the weight ratio of oatmeal, corn flour, dregs of beans is 1.8-2.2:1:1.
Further, in described plant formulation, the requirement of component is: corncob uses and is soaked in water for first 1 day; It is 0.2-0.5cm that bagasse crushing machine is crushed to mean particle size.
Further, described bacterium packs makes bacterium bag as with baling press by each component loading polypropylene plastics pocket, and described bacterium bag quality is 1.2-1.25kg, and height is 18.5-19cm.
Further, requirement in described inoculation is: connect the fungus and bacterium quantity that the ground space of points of space, 1 cleaning shop and other necessity tested every day by bacterium personnel culture dish, and the ground space of points of monitoring space, cleaning shop and other necessity grows without fungus and bacterium; Keep transfer room health, temperature is 22-24 DEG C, keeps ice the temperature inside the box 4-7 DEG C; Inoculation the previous day, by the 1% bromogeramine aqueous cleaning that is made into of boiling water that is pollution-free, that cool without the batten being attached with female bacterium of aging phenomenon.
Further, a described bacterium management expectancy of sending out is: the bacterium bag inoculated enters bacteria room in time, is booked rear use 40% formalin and carries out disinfection sterilizing, keep temperature 21-24 DEG C in bacteria room between every; Shading is wanted in bacteria room, remains dark; Relative air humidity controls within 70%, timing ventilation, keeps air fresh.
Further, the described requirement that picks off some alabastrum is: use the special thin flower bud cutter of sterilizing to carry out thin flower bud; When dredging flower bud, the mushroom flower bud of mushroom flower bud or the adjacent bacterium bag that will stay can not be encountered.
Further, described being packaged as when Xingbao mushroom central temperature is 1-4 DEG C is carried out by level vacuum packaging it.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described:
Embodiment 1
Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method, it comprises the following steps:
1) Spawn incubation:
The formula of the medium of Spawn incubation and the mass percent of each component are: batten 30%, wheat skin 25%, wood chip 25%, calcium carbonate 1%, wheat 19%;
Before wood chip uses, water more than 2 months of drenching; Bagasse is deposited after water of drenching after a procedure for 2 days; Dregs of beans, wheat skin, corn flour need are fresh, nothing is lumpd, without musty; Wheat 2% limewash soaks 1.5 days, and after pulling wheat out, remaining limewash pH is 6.5; Batten 2% limewash soaks 1 day;
A, batten by broadleaf tree material forming, batten height 12cm, cross-sectional area 0.4 × 0.4cm
2, be one group by batten with 30, be put in bottle after tying up;
B, wheat skin, wood chip, calcium carbonate and wheat being added water stirs, the mixture of get Mai Pi, wood chip, calcium carbonate and wheat 4 kinds of components, the water content of described mixture is 50%, a part of mixture is joined the bottle putting into batten, the height of the mixture added exceedes batten 0.4cm; In bottle, composts or fertilisers of cultivating central authorities burrow and are beneficial to inoculation and breathe freely;
C, will install the bottle jam-pack of each component of bacterium culture medium with cotton plug, need pinch cotton plug with hand and mention bottle and do not fall, cotton plug is of moderate size, and the part filled in bottle is no more than expansion place of bottleneck, does not encounter each component of bacterium culture medium;
D, covered by the bottle splash guard in step C, put into autoclave sterilizing 7h, the bottle after sterilizing, after desinfection chamber is cooled to 60 DEG C, is chilled to by force less than 30 DEG C;
E, be linked in bottle by female bacterium, after inoculation, culturing room's temperature controls to carry out hair tube reason at 22 DEG C, cultivates 25 days;
2) composts or fertilisers of cultivating preparation and bacterium pack work:
The mass percent of culture material formula and each component is: corncob 20%, bagasse 20%, oatmeal 9.4%, corn flour 5.3%, dregs of beans totally 5.3%, wood chip 40%;
A, corncob use and are soaked in water for first 1 day; It is 0.2cm that bagasse crushing machine is crushed to mean particle size;
Put component each in culture material formula into agitator by its proportioning, add water and stir, mixing time is not less than 20min, and after stirring, moisture controls 63%;
B, each component after stirring is loaded polypropylene plastics pocket, with baling press, each component loading polypropylene plastics pocket is made bacterium bag, bacterium bag quality is 1.2kg, and height is 18.5cm;
C, bacterium bag is carried out sterilizing 7h, the bacterium after sterilizing wraps in after desinfection chamber is cooled to 60 DEG C, and be chilled to by force less than 30 DEG C, controlling its pH after the sterilizing of bacterium bag is 5.8;
3) inoculate: connect bacterium personnel test the ground space of points of space, 1 cleaning shop and other necessity every day fungus and bacterium quantity with culture dish, the ground space of points of monitoring space, cleaning shop and other necessity grows without fungus and bacterium; Keep transfer room health, temperature is 22 DEG C, keeps ice the temperature inside the box 4 DEG C; Inoculation the previous day, by pollution-free, without aging phenomenon be attached with female bacterium batten cool boiling water be made into 1% bromogeramine aqueous cleaning; When the bag heart temperature of bacterium bag is no more than 26 DEG C, the batten 1 being attached with female bacterium is inserted into bottom bacterium bag, and the bacterium culture medium containing female bacterium is sprinkled upon bacterium wraps, and covers bacterium completely and wraps surface;
4) hair tube reason: the bacterium bag inoculated enters bacteria room in time, is booked rear use 40% formalin and carries out disinfection sterilizing, keep temperature 21 DEG C in bacteria room between every; Shading is wanted in bacteria room, remains dark; Relative air humidity controls within 70%, timing ventilation, keeps air fresh; Inoculate and treat that bacterium bag covers with mycelia 300g after 33 days, bacterium bag is moved into mushroom room fruiting;
5) pick off some alabastrum: continue cultivation and grow mushroom flower bud in 12 days, use the special thin flower bud cutter of sterilizing to carry out thin flower bud, prune away mushroom flower bud 200g, stays 2 mushroom flower buds, when dredging flower bud, can not encounter the mushroom flower bud of mushroom flower bud or the adjacent bacterium bag that will stay;
6) gather: dredge continued growth after flower bud and to gather after 6 days Xingbao mushroom;
7) pack: wash clean hand and cut mushroom cutter before cutting mushroom; Ream the wood chip part of mushroom head, fix mushroom base portion, ream surperficial booty, by level classification, when Xingbao mushroom central temperature is 1 DEG C, it is carried out by level vacuum packaging.
Embodiment 2
Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method, it comprises the following steps:
1) Spawn incubation:
The formula of the medium of Spawn incubation and the mass percent of each component are: batten 32%, wheat skin 30%, wood chip 30%, calcium carbonate 1%, wheat 7%;
Before wood chip uses, water more than 2 months of drenching; Bagasse is deposited after water of drenching for 2.5 days before use; Dregs of beans, wheat skin, corn flour need are fresh, nothing is lumpd, without musty; Wheat 2% limewash soaks 2 days, and after pulling wheat out, remaining limewash pH is 6.8; Batten 2% limewash soaks 1 day;
A, batten by broad-leaved tree Ginkgo wood material forming, batten height 13cm, cross-sectional area 0.5 × 0.5cm
2, be one group by batten with 30, be put in bottle after tying up;
B, wheat skin, wood chip, calcium carbonate and wheat being added water stirs, the mixture of get Mai Pi, wood chip, calcium carbonate and wheat 4 kinds of components, the water content of described mixture is 51%, a part of mixture is joined the bottle putting into batten, the height of the mixture added exceedes batten 0.5cm; In bottle, composts or fertilisers of cultivating central authorities burrow and are beneficial to inoculation and breathe freely;
C, will install the bottle jam-pack of each component of bacterium culture medium with cotton plug, need pinch cotton plug with hand and mention bottle and do not fall, cotton plug is of moderate size, and the part filled in bottle is no more than expansion place of bottleneck, does not encounter each component of bacterium culture medium;
D, covered by the bottle splash guard in step C, put into autoclave sterilizing 7.2h, the bottle after sterilizing, after desinfection chamber is cooled to 60 DEG C, is chilled to by force less than 30 DEG C;
E, be linked in bottle by female bacterium, after inoculation, culturing room's temperature controls to carry out hair tube reason at 24 DEG C, cultivates 26 days;
2) composts or fertilisers of cultivating preparation and bacterium pack work:
The mass percent of culture material formula and each component is: corncob 25%, bagasse 25%, oatmeal 11.8%, corn flour 6.6%, dregs of beans totally 6.6%, wood chip 25%;
A, corncob use and are soaked in water for first 1 day; It is 0.3cm that bagasse crushing machine is crushed to mean particle size;
Put component each in culture material formula into agitator by its proportioning, add water and stir, mixing time is not less than 20min, and after stirring, moisture controls 63.5%;
B, each component after stirring is loaded polypropylene plastics pocket, with baling press, each component loading polypropylene plastics pocket is made bacterium bag, bacterium bag quality is 1.22kg, and height is 18.8cm;
C, bacterium bag is carried out sterilizing 7.2h, the bacterium after sterilizing wraps in after desinfection chamber is cooled to 60 DEG C, and be chilled to by force less than 30 DEG C, controlling its pH after the sterilizing of bacterium bag is 6;
3) inoculate: connect bacterium personnel test the ground space of points of space, 1 cleaning shop and other necessity every day fungus and bacterium quantity with culture dish, the ground space of points of monitoring space, cleaning shop and other necessity grows without fungus and bacterium; Keep transfer room health, temperature is 23 DEG C, keeps ice the temperature inside the box 5 DEG C; Inoculation the previous day, by pollution-free, without aging phenomenon be attached with female bacterium batten cool boiling water be made into 1% bromogeramine aqueous cleaning; When the bag heart temperature of bacterium bag is no more than 26 DEG C, the batten 1 being attached with female bacterium is inserted into bottom bacterium bag, and the bacterium culture medium containing female bacterium is sprinkled upon bacterium wraps, and covers bacterium completely and wraps surface;
4) hair tube reason: the bacterium bag inoculated enters bacteria room in time, is booked rear use 40% formaldehyde and carries out disinfection sterilizing, keep temperature 22 DEG C in bacteria room between every; Shading is wanted in bacteria room, remains dark; Air humidity controls within 70%, and timing ventilation wanted by bacterium bag, keeps air fresh; Inoculate and treat that bacterium bag covers with mycelia 320g after 34 days, bacterium bag is moved into mushroom room fruiting;
5) pick off some alabastrum: continue cultivation and grow mushroom flower bud in 12.5 days, use the special thin flower bud cutter of sterilizing to carry out thin flower bud, prune away mushroom flower bud 220g, stays 2 mushroom flower buds, when dredging flower bud, can not encounter the mushroom flower bud of mushroom flower bud or the adjacent bacterium bag that will stay;
6) gather: dredge continued growth after flower bud and to gather after 6.5 days Xingbao mushroom;
7) pack: wash clean hand and cut mushroom cutter before cutting mushroom; Ream the wood chip part of mushroom head, fix mushroom base portion, ream surperficial booty, by level classification, when Xingbao mushroom central temperature is 3 DEG C, it is carried out by level vacuum packaging.
Embodiment 3
Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method, it comprises the following steps:
1) Spawn incubation:
The formula of the medium of Spawn incubation and the mass percent of each component are: batten 32%, wheat skin 32%, wood chip 32%, calcium carbonate 1%, wheat 3%;
Before wood chip uses, water more than 2 months of drenching; Bagasse is deposited after water of drenching for 3 days before use; Dregs of beans, wheat skin, corn flour need are fresh, nothing is lumpd, without musty; Wheat 2% limewash soaks 2.5 days, and after pulling wheat out, remaining limewash pH is 7.0; Batten 2% limewash soaks 1 day;
A, batten by broad-leaved tree Ginkgo wood material forming, batten height 14cm, cross-sectional area 0.6 × 0.6cm
2, be one group by batten with 30, be put in bottle after tying up;
B, wheat skin, wood chip, calcium carbonate and wheat being added water stirs, the mixture of get Mai Pi, wood chip, calcium carbonate and wheat 4 kinds of components, the water content of described mixture is 52%, a part of mixture is joined the bottle putting into batten, the height of the mixture added exceedes batten 0.6cm; In bottle, composts or fertilisers of cultivating central authorities burrow and are beneficial to inoculation and breathe freely;
C, will install the bottle jam-pack of each component of bacterium culture medium with cotton plug, need pinch cotton plug with hand and mention bottle and do not fall, cotton plug is of moderate size, and the part filled in bottle is no more than expansion place of bottleneck, does not encounter each component of bacterium culture medium;
D, covered by the bottle splash guard in step C, put into autoclave sterilizing 7.5h, the bottle after sterilizing, after desinfection chamber is cooled to 60 DEG C, is chilled to by force less than 30 DEG C;
E, be linked in bottle by female bacterium, after inoculation, culturing room's temperature controls to carry out hair tube reason at 26 DEG C, cultivates 28 days;
2) composts or fertilisers of cultivating preparation and bacterium pack work:
The mass percent of culture material formula and each component is: corncob 30%, bagasse 30%, oatmeal 15.7%, corn flour 7.1%, dregs of beans totally 7.1%, wood chip 10%;
A, corncob use and are soaked in water for first 1 day; It is 0.5cm that bagasse crushing machine is crushed to mean particle size;
Put component each in culture material formula into agitator by its proportioning, add water and stir, mixing time is not less than 20min, and after stirring, moisture controls 64%;
B, each component after stirring is loaded polypropylene plastics pocket, with baling press, each component loading polypropylene plastics pocket is made bacterium bag, bacterium bag quality is 1.25kg, and height is 19cm;
C, bacterium bag is carried out sterilizing 7.5h, the bacterium after sterilizing wraps in after desinfection chamber is cooled to 60 DEG C, and be chilled to by force less than 30 DEG C, controlling its pH after the sterilizing of bacterium bag is 6.5;
3) inoculate: connect bacterium personnel test the ground space of points of space, 1 cleaning shop and other necessity every day fungus and bacterium quantity with culture dish, the ground space of points of monitoring space, cleaning shop and other necessity grows without fungus and bacterium; Keep transfer room health, temperature is 24 DEG C, keeps ice the temperature inside the box 7 DEG C; Inoculation the previous day, by pollution-free, without aging phenomenon be attached with female bacterium batten cool boiling water be made into 1% bromogeramine aqueous cleaning; When the bag heart temperature of bacterium bag is no more than 26 DEG C, the batten 1 being attached with female bacterium is inserted into bottom bacterium bag, and the bacterium culture medium containing female bacterium is sprinkled upon bacterium wraps, and covers bacterium completely and wraps surface;
4) hair tube reason: the bacterium bag inoculated enters bacteria room in time, is booked rear use 40% formaldehyde and carries out disinfection sterilizing, keep temperature 24 DEG C in bacteria room between every; Shading is wanted in bacteria room, remains dark; Timing ventilation wanted by bacterium bag, and relative air humidity controls within 70%, maintains air fresh; Inoculate and treat that bacterium bag covers with mycelia 350g after 35 days, bacterium bag is moved into mushroom room fruiting;
5) pick off some alabastrum: continue cultivation and grow mushroom flower bud in 13 days, use the special thin flower bud cutter of sterilizing to carry out thin flower bud, prune away mushroom flower bud 250g, stays 3 mushroom flower buds, when dredging flower bud, can not encounter the mushroom flower bud of mushroom flower bud or the adjacent bacterium bag that will stay;
6) gather: dredge continued growth after flower bud and to gather after 7 days Xingbao mushroom;
7) pack: wash clean hand and cut mushroom cutter before cutting mushroom; Ream the wood chip part of mushroom head, fix mushroom base portion, ream surperficial booty, by level classification, when Xingbao mushroom central temperature is 4 DEG C, it is carried out by level vacuum packaging.
Claims (9)
1. Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method, is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
1) Spawn incubation:
The formula of the medium of Spawn incubation and the mass percent of each component are: batten 30-33%, wheat skin 25-32%, wood chip 25-32%, calcium carbonate 1%, and all the other are wheat;
A, be one group by batten with 30-36 root, be put in bottle after tying up;
B, wheat skin, wood chip, calcium carbonate and wheat being added water stirs, the mixture of get Mai Pi, wood chip, calcium carbonate and wheat 4 kinds of components, the water content of described mixture is 50-52%, a part of mixture is joined the bottle putting into batten, the height of the mixture added exceedes batten 0.4-0.6 cm; In bottle, composts or fertilisers of cultivating central authorities burrow;
C, will install the bottle jam-pack of each component of bacterium culture medium with cotton plug, need pinch cotton plug with hand and mention bottle and do not fall, cotton plug is of moderate size, and the part filled in bottle is no more than expansion place of bottleneck, does not encounter each component of bacterium culture medium;
D, covered by the bottle splash guard in step C, put into autoclave sterilizing 7-7.5h, the bottle after sterilizing, after desinfection chamber is cooled to 60 DEG C, is chilled to by force less than 30 DEG C;
E, be linked in bottle by female bacterium, after inoculation, culturing room's temperature controls to carry out hair tube reason at 22-26 DEG C, cultivates 25-28 days;
To the requirement of component in the medium of described Spawn incubation be: before wood chip uses, water more than 2 months of drenching; Bagasse is deposited after water of drenching for 2-3 days before use; Dregs of beans, wheat skin, corn flour need are fresh, nothing is lumpd, without musty; Wheat 2% limewash soaks 1.5-2.5 days, and after pulling wheat out, remaining limewash pH is 6.5-7.0; Batten 2% limewash soaks 1 day;
2) composts or fertilisers of cultivating preparation and bacterium pack work:
The mass percent of culture material formula and each component is: corncob 20-30%, bagasse 20-30%, and oatmeal, corn flour, dregs of beans be 20-30% altogether, and all the other are wood chip;
A, put component each in culture material formula into agitator by its proportioning, add water and stir, mixing time is not less than 20min, and after stirring, moisture controls at 63-64%;
B, each component after stirring is loaded polypropylene plastics pocket, make bacterium bag;
C, bacterium bag is carried out sterilizing 7-7.5h, the bacterium after sterilizing wraps in after desinfection chamber is cooled to 60 DEG C, and be chilled to by force less than 30 DEG C, controlling its pH after the sterilizing of bacterium bag is 5.8-6.5;
3) inoculate: when the bag heart temperature of bacterium bag is no more than 26 DEG C, have the batten of female bacterium to be inserted into bottom bacterium bag 1 root growth, and the bacterium culture medium containing female bacterium is sprinkled upon bacterium wraps, covering bacterium wraps surface completely;
4) hair tube reason: inoculate and treat that bacterium bag covers with mycelia 300-350g after 33-35 days, bacterium bag is moved into mushroom room fruiting;
5) pick off some alabastrum: continue cultivation and grow mushroom flower bud in 12-13 days, carry out thin flower bud to mushroom flower bud, prune away mushroom flower bud 200-250g, stays 2-3 mushroom flower bud;
6) gather: Xingbao mushroom of gathering after continued growth 6-7 days after dredging flower bud;
7) pack: wash clean hand and cut mushroom cutter before cutting mushroom; Ream the wood chip part of mushroom head, fix mushroom base portion, ream surperficial booty, by level classification, carry out by grade packaged.
2. Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the batten in the medium of described Spawn incubation by broadleaf tree material forming, batten height 12-14cm, cross-sectional area 0.4-0.6 × 0.4-0.6cm
2.
3. Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described culture material formula, the weight ratio of oatmeal, corn flour, dregs of beans is 1.8-2.2:1:1.
4. Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described culture material formula, the requirement of component is: corncob uses and is soaked in water for first 1 day; It is 0.2-0.5cm that bagasse crushing machine is crushed to mean particle size.
5. Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bacterium packs makes bacterium bag as with baling press by each component loading polypropylene plastics pocket, and described bacterium bag quality is 1.2-1.25kg, and height is 18.5-19cm.
6. Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the requirement in described inoculation is: connect the fungus and bacterium quantity that the ground space of points of space, 1 cleaning shop and other necessity tested every day by bacterium personnel culture dish, the ground space of points of monitoring space, cleaning shop and other necessity grows without fungus and bacterium; Keep transfer room health, temperature is 22-24 DEG C, keeps ice the temperature inside the box 4-7 DEG C; Inoculation the previous day, by the 1% bromogeramine aqueous cleaning that is made into of boiling water that is pollution-free, that cool without the batten being attached with female bacterium of aging phenomenon.
7. Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bacterium management expectancy of sending out is: the bacterium bag inoculated enters bacteria room in time, be booked rear use 40% formalin between every to carry out disinfection sterilizing, keep temperature 21-24 DEG C in bacteria room; Shading is wanted in bacteria room, remains dark; Relative air humidity controls within 70%, timing ventilation, keeps air fresh.
8. Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described requirement that picks off some alabastrum is: use the special thin flower bud cutter of sterilizing to carry out thin flower bud; When dredging flower bud, the mushroom flower bud of mushroom flower bud or the adjacent bacterium bag that will stay can not be encountered.
9. Pleurotus eryngii industrial production method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described being packaged as when Xingbao mushroom central temperature is 1-4 DEG C is carried out by level vacuum packaging it.
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| CN104303821A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-28 | 管兴 | Method for cultivating pleurotus eryngii industrially |
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| CN107285845A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-10-24 | 山东冠宇农业科技股份有限公司 | Mushroom culture substrate and preparation method |
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| CN107691111A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-02-16 | 大连森源菌业有限公司 | A kind of method for planting almond abalone mushroom |
| CN107853071A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-03-30 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | A kind of method using Chinese pennisetum factory culture pleurotus eryngii |
| IT201900024123A1 (en) | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-16 | Giovanni Pacioni | PROCEDURE FOR THE SYNCHRONOUS AND PROGRAMMED PRODUCTION OF PLEUROTUS ERYNGII |
| CN114532184A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-05-27 | 广西龙州北部湾现代农业有限公司 | Fungus culture medium with macadimia nut green seedcase as main raw material and preparation method and application thereof |
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