CN103172428A - Production method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer through excrements of livestocks on large scale - Google Patents
Production method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer through excrements of livestocks on large scale Download PDFInfo
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- CN103172428A CN103172428A CN2013100889891A CN201310088989A CN103172428A CN 103172428 A CN103172428 A CN 103172428A CN 2013100889891 A CN2013100889891 A CN 2013100889891A CN 201310088989 A CN201310088989 A CN 201310088989A CN 103172428 A CN103172428 A CN 103172428A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a production method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer through excrements of livestocks on large scale. The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing and briquetting straws, mushroom residues, bagasse and wood dust at a mass ratio of (20-30):(5-10):(10-20):(5-10) to prepare excrement blocks; (2) cushioning the excrement blocks at a bottom layer of a pigpen or a farm, for collecting and primarily fermenting the excrements of livestocks; (3) after five to seven days, pumping the excrement blocks from the pigpen or the farm, uniformly transporting to a fertilizer production factory for secondary fermentation; and (4) drying and grinding the well fermented excrements, compounding the fertilizer according to the applications of different crops, and adding phosphate and potassium fertilizer to prepare the bio-organic fertilizer. In the method, resources of bagasse and the like can be fully utilized, the pollution is reduced, the utilization ratio is high, the excrement blocks are adopted for separating excrement from water and carrying out primary fermentation, the fermentation time of organic fertilizer can be shortened, the large-scale and mechanized production can be achieved, and the operation is simple and high-efficiency.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mass-producing feces of livestock and poultry and prepare method for producing biological organic fertilizer.
(2) background technology
In recent years, the aquaculture of China is rapidly from the garden cultivation to mass-producing, intensive, commercialization future development, and the ight soil of livestock and poultry cultivation generation simultaneously also begins to become the problem that is difficult to ignore.According to incompletely statistics, oneself reaches family more than 26000 the big-and-middle-sized livestock and poultry farm of China, and annual ight soil total amount is over more than 30 hundred million tons.China starts from the beginning of the eighties to the exploitation of feces of livestock and poultry, aspect the feces of livestock and poultry Pollution abatement, the improvement technology such as aerobic composting fermentation method, the fermentation dried method of booth, biogas anaerobic facture have been developed, strengthen livestock and poultry and support the ight soil management, the consumption that effectively economizes on resources has improved the utilising efficiency of resource.But still have at present many problems to need to be resolved hurrily:
(1) ight soil cleaning technology imperfection, the subsequent disposal difficulty.
The main flush-type that adopts of at present present ight soil cleaning is cleared up, and liquid dung does not separate, and causes difficulty for follow-up centralized collection, and needs dehydration and regulate moisture in the manure fermentation process, increases energy consumption and manpower and materials.
(2) mechanization degree is low, is difficult to mass-producing.
Due to the restriction in livestock and poultry cultivation place, the processing of most of ight soil is all to rely on manpower to complete, and not only work efficiency is low, labour intensity is large, production cost is high, and can't satisfy the requirement of cleaning fast of more and more a large amount of feces of livestock and poultry needs.
(3) the fertilizer nutritive props of direct fermentation is unreasonable, can not satisfy the crop needs.
The manure fermentation nitrogen loss is serious, and direct fermentation gained fertilizer carbon-nitrogen ratio, phosphorus, potassium content deficiency can't satisfy Different Crop more to the requirement of nutritive element.
Bagasse is the main byproduct of sugar industry, is a kind of important renewable biomass resource.Southern china sugarcane district sugarcane ultimate production more than 7,000 ten thousand t, the output of bagasse reaches 7,000,000 t.The composition of bagasse is with Mierocrystalline cellulose, and hemicellulose and xylogen are main, and albumen, starch and soluble sugar content are less.Bagasse generally contains dry-matter 90%～92%, crude protein 2.0%, robust fibre 44%～46%, crude fat 0.7%, nitrogen-free extract 42%, coarse ash 2%～3%.Compare with crop material, the pesticide residue of bagasse is very low, but its degree of lignification is high.Because the trans-utilization technique means falls behind, traditionally bagasse often go out of use need not or majority only be used as fuel, its utilization ratio is very low, has not only caused the waste of resource, but also has brought the pollution of environment.
(3) summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to the problem for above-mentioned prior art existence, provide a kind of mass-producing, mechanize, the poultry manure that holds efficiently simple to operate to process and the organic fertilizer production method.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of mass-producing feces of livestock and poultry prepares method for producing biological organic fertilizer, and described method comprises:
(1) with mass ratio be stalk, mushroom residue, bagasse, the processing of wood chip mixing briquetting of 20～30:5～10:10～20:5～10, make the collection excrement piece of long (300～500) * wide (100～200) * height (20～30) cm, the external plastic containers solid of collection excrement piece;
Collection excrement piece (external plastic containers) pad that (2) will make carries out collection and the one time fermentation of feces of livestock and poultry at pigsty or plant's bottom;
After (3) 5～7 days, to collect the excrement piece from pigsty or plant, extracting out, concentrate and to be transported to fertilizer production factory and to carry out secondary fermentation: will collect in the automatic screening apparatus of excrement piece (removing external plastic containers) input, stir, pulverize, add with appropriate water-soluble composite bacteria agent capable and urea, calcium phosphate, keeping fermentation temperature is 50～55 ℃, and humidity of materials is 50%～60%, and every cubic metre of tunning ventilation is 0.5～0.8m
3/ min, fermented 5～10 days; compound bacterium agent is azotobacter（Latin Name Azotobacter sp）： bacillus cereus（Bacillus cereus.Frankland）： Bacillus megaterium ： Bacillus mucilaginosus ; Rhodospirillum; Candida utilis; Rhodop seudanonas palustris Quality ratio is 1.0～2.0：1.0～2.0：0.5～1.0：0.5～1.0：0.5～1.0：1.0～2.0：0.5～2.0 mixture , Adding amount per 100 ㎏ set poop and add 20 ~ 40 ㎏ compound inoculants； The urea addition is for being controlled between 30～40 fermentation materials (composite bacteria agent capable+urea+calcium phosphate) C/N ratio; The calcium phosphate addition is 7.5～8.0 for making fermentation materials pH value; Bacterial classification used is the conventional bacterial classification in this area, and commercially available acquisition, such as from mechanisms such as ACCC, CICC, CCTCC, CGMCC, buying;
The fertilizer index of fermenting-ripening is: material temperature stops rising, and pH stops descending (being about pH7.0), loose, odorless, brown, water content 40%～45%, total count〉5.0 * 108/g, wherein vinelandii〉2 * 10
8/ g;
(4) drying of the ight soil after fermenting-ripening, pulverizing, join fertilizer according to the Different Crop purposes, and interpolation phosphorus, potassium fertilizer are made bio-organic fertilizer.Drying is for the most of moisture in the fertilizer of removing, and makes moisture content reach 15%～20%(w/w) in order to storing and pulverizing.Drying means is middle temperature warm air drying, and material surface temperature can not surpass 60 ℃, in order to the survival of microorganism.The organic fertilizer of drying is removed wherein foreign material such as iron filings through belt pulley type magnetic separator, then be ground into 50～75 purpose meals, can mix with a certain proportion of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer according to the crop purposes, granulation, final production becomes bio-organic fertilizer.
Preferably, in step (4), organic chemical fertilizer raw materials quality ratio is: 4～6 parts, the ight soil after fermenting-ripening, 1～2 part of ammonium phosphate chemical fertilizer, 2～3 parts of saltpetre chemical fertilizer.
In the present invention, the application of collection excrement piece has reduced manual work, has improved effect, drop into and collect conveniently, utilize simultaneously walking about and the rolling effect of livestock and poultry, accelerate fermentation, fermentation can not only be removed sulfurous gas, the ammonia that the ight soil chemical reaction produces, absorb moisture in ight soil, keep cleaning and the drying of pigsty and plant.Fermentation has also shortened fermentation period in fertiliser production factory in advance in addition.
The present invention collects and adds mushroom residue, bagasse in the excrement piece, and one, can attract the attentions of livestock and poultry, the scope of activity of livestock and poultry is dwindled; Two, can provide a large amount of nutrition to livestock and poultry, and have a lot of food fibres in bagasse, be conducive to digestion and the defecation quality of livestock and poultry; Three, mushroom residue and bagasse are natural substratum, for microorganism provides nutritive substance, promote fermentation.Economize greatly as producing sugar in Zhejiang in addition, and the utilization of bagasse has solved the problem of bulk deposition and pollution, improves resource utilization.
In the present invention vinelandii add the situation that can improve nitrogen content deficiency in fertilizer, crop in the process of growth except the nitrogenous fertilizer that in fertilizer, existing nitrogen element can also utilize vinelandii to provide continually simultaneously is provided.Due to provincial subtropics, Zhejiang, the soil slant acidity is considered cost and other growth characteristics of bacterial classification simultaneously, and what add is Bei Shi Azotobacter and pasteur gemma clostridium.Above-mentioned vinelandii must rely on the external source energy in the fixed nitrogen process, in collection excrement piece, a large amount of carbon sources has fully guaranteed the energy supply of vinelandii.Have a kind of nitrogenase system of complexity in the nitrogen-fixing microorganism body, the reduction of its energy catalysis nitrogen is after being fixed into NH with molecular nitrogen, not with NH
3Be discharged in environment, but synthesizing amino acid, form the protein of self.Only have when spontaneous nitrogen-fixing microorganism death, the organonitrogen in their cells is broken down into NH
3After, NH
3With the synthetic NH of aquation
3H
2O, NH
3H
2O further ionizes out NH
4 +, NH
4 +Could be by the Root Absorption of plant; Or NH
3Be further oxidized to NO-by nitrobacteria, with NO
3 -Form by the Root Absorption of plant.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is mainly reflected in: the inventive method takes full advantage of the resources such as bagasse; reduce to pollute, utilization ratio is high, adopt collection excrement piece make just moisture from and carry out one time fermentation, shortened the organic chemical fertilizer fermentation time; but mass-producing, mechanization production are simple to operate efficient.
(4) embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in this:
Embodiment 1:
(1) utilize stalk, mushroom residue, bagasse, wood chip, mix briquetting and process, make collection excrement piece 250*500*30cm
3, in each collection excrement piece, stalk is 20 ㎏, mushroom residue 5 ㎏, bagasse 10 ㎏, wood chip 5 ㎏, the external plastic containers solid of collection excrement piece during compacting;
(2) with the collection excrement piece pad of external plastic containers at pigsty or plant's bottom, carry out the collection of ight soil, carry out simultaneously one time fermentation;
(3) through after the feces collection of 5 days and fermentation, the collection excrement piece of external plastic containers is extracted out from pigsty, plant, concentrated to be transported to fertiliser production factory and to carry out Secondary Fermentation;
(4) adopt the aerobic method quick fermentation.To collect excrement piece (removing external plastic containers) and drop in automatic screening apparatus, stirring powder is broken to a certain degree, adds with water-soluble microorganism complex reagent, urea, calcium phosphate.The composite fungus agent formula is that vinelandii (originate: CICC by bacterial classification; 20024), bacillus cereus (bacterial classification source: CICC culture presevation numbering:; 23016), bacillus megaterium (bacterial classification source: CICC culture presevation numbering:; 20665), bacillusmusilaginosiengineering (bacterial classification source: ACCC culture presevation numbering:; 10013), very thin rhodospirillum (bacterial classification source: ACCC culture presevation numbering:; 00324), Candida utilis (bacterial classification source: CICC culture presevation numbering:; 32947), Rhodopseudomonas palustris (bacterial classification source: CGMCC culture presevation numbering:; The culture presevation numbering: 1.2180), bacterium powder mass ratio is 1.0:1.0:1.0:0.5:0.5:2.0:1.5, is uniformly dissolved with suitable quantity of water to get final product; The composite fungus agent addition is that every 100 ㎏ collection excrement pieces add 20 ㎏ microbial inoculums; The urea addition is determined as required, is made the C/N ratio be controlled at 35 left and right; Adding of calcium phosphate transfers to slight alkalinity 7.8 left and right with fermentation materials, is conducive to growth and can destroys Mierocrystalline cellulose; Then stir oxygenating, hot blast middle temperature is dried, Secondary Fermentation and carry out simultaneously, guarantee that leavening temperature is 50 ℃, humidity of materials is 60%, and every cubic metre of tunning ventilation is 0.6m
3/ min, fermentation period are 5 days;
The fertilizer index of fermenting-ripening is: material temperature stops rising to 60 ℃, and pH stops dropping to pH7.0, loose, odorless, brown, water content 45%, total count〉5.0 * 10
8/ g, wherein vinelandii〉2 * 10
8/ g;
(5) ight soil after fermenting-ripening carries out middle temperature warm air drying, and material surface temperature can not surpass 60 ℃, makes moisture reach 17%, in order to storing and pulverizing.Then be ground into 50～75 purpose meals.Join fertilizer according to the Different Crop purposes, press the ight soil after fermenting-ripening: phosphatization fertilizer; The ratio of potassium fertilizer=4:1:2 is mixed, granulation, and final production becomes bio-organic fertilizer.After ripe, ight soil and phosphatization fertilizer blending ratio are 4:1, and ripe rear ight soil and potassium fertilizer blending ratio are 3:2.
Embodiment 2:
Step is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is that in step in embodiment 1 (1), specification and the content ratio of collection excrement piece are finely tuned, to adapt to the requirement of different breeding field or different ight soil.
For example broiler breeding field available sizes is 500*500*30cm
3Collection excrement piece, in each collection excrement piece, stalk is 40 ㎏, mushroom residue 6 ㎏, bagasse 6 ㎏, wood chip 10 ㎏, fine sand gravel 8 ㎏; Breeding layer chicken field available sizes is 120*400*30cm
3Collection excrement piece, in each collection excrement piece, stalk is 12 ㎏, mushroom residue 2 ㎏, bagasse 2 ㎏, wood chip 8 ㎏.
Comparative Examples 1:
At first to feces of livestock and poultry, straw pavilion, peat dewater, dry, comminution pretreatment, again feces of livestock and poultry, straw pavilion powder and peat are mixed by weight the ratio of 4:2:1, then by the said components total amount: the weight of highly enriched organic material composting microbial inoculum=8000:1 adds compound decomposing microbial inoculum, and (the bacterium powder consists of streptococcus acidi lactici, and (bacterial classification is originated: ACCC; Culture presevation numbering 10652), the acetic acid sarcina methanica (originate: ACCC by bacterial classification; Culture presevation numbering 00288), genus bacillus (bacterial classification source: ACCC; Culture presevation numbering 01388), cereuisiae fermentum (originate: ACCC by bacterial classification; Culture presevation numbering 21141), photosynthetic bacterium (bacterial classification source: ACCC; Culture presevation numbering 00069), actinomycetes (bacterial classification source: CGMCC; Culture presevation numbering 4.399), its mass ratio is that the ratio of 1.0:0.8:2.0:2.0:0.8:2.0 mixes, and makes highly enriched organic material composting microbial inoculum), the fertile fermentation of the laggard windrow of mixing 10 days, during need carry out 3～5 times to material every day to stir.(bacterium opaque amount consists of vinelandii, and (originate: CICC by bacterial classification with another functional composite bacteria through independent fermentative production for material after fermentation maturity; Culture presevation numbering 20024): genus bacillus (originate: ACCC by bacterial classification; Culture presevation numbering 01388): phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (originate: ACCC by bacterial classification; Culture presevation numbering 10010): potassium bacterium (originate: ACCC by bacterial classification; Culture presevation numbering 10064): photosynthetic bacterium (originate: ACCC by bacterial classification; Culture presevation numbering 00069): cereuisiae fermentum (originate: ACCC by bacterial classification; Culture presevation numbering 21141): Rhodopseudomonas palustris (originate: CGMCC by bacterial classification; Culture presevation numbering 1.2180)=1.0:1.0:0.5:1.0:1.0:2.0:0.5) weight ratio of 8000:1 is mixed, and processes through granulation and cryodrying, obtains biological organic fertilizer.
Embodiment 1 is contrasted with the technique of carrying out of Comparative Examples 1, and acquired results is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Through contrast, existing technological operation difficulty, mechanization degree is low, and yield rate is low, and the fertilizer organic content is low, and living bacteria count is lower, and fertilizer efficiency is relatively relatively poor; And process machinery degree of the present invention is high, and operational difficulty is few, and yield rate is high, and the fertilizer organic content is high, and living bacteria count is higher, the fertilizer efficiency relative ideal.
Claims (2)
1. a mass-producing feces of livestock and poultry prepares method for producing biological organic fertilizer, and described method comprises:
(1) with mass ratio be stalk, mushroom residue, bagasse, the processing of wood chip mixing briquetting of 20～30:5～10:10～20:5～10, make the collection excrement piece of long (300～500) * wide (100～200) * height (20～30) cm, the external plastic containers solid of collection excrement piece;
The collection excrement piece pad that (2) will make carries out collection and the one time fermentation of feces of livestock and poultry at pigsty or plant's bottom;
After (3) 5～7 days, to collect the excrement piece from pigsty or plant, extracting out, concentrate and to be transported to fertilizer production factory and to carry out secondary fermentation: will collect in the automatic screening apparatus of excrement piece input, stir, pulverize, add with appropriate water-soluble composite bacteria agent capable and urea, calcium phosphate, keeping fermentation temperature is 50～55 ℃, and humidity of materials is 50%～60%, and every cubic metre of tunning ventilation is 0.5～0.8m
3/ min, fermented 5～10 days; compound bacterium agent is azotobacter（Latin Name Azotobacter sp.）：Bacillus cereus.Frankland; Bacillus megaterium：Bacillus mucilaginosus; Rhodospirillum; Candida utilis; Rhodop seudanonas palustris, quality ratio is 1.0～2.0：1.0～2.0：0.5～1.0：0.5～1.0：0.5～1.0：1.0～2.0：0.5～2.0 mixture,Adding amount per 100 ㎏ set poop and add 20 ~ 40 ㎏ compound inoculants； The urea addition is for being controlled between 30～40 fermentation materials C/N ratio; The calcium phosphate addition is 7.5～8.0 for making fermentation materials pH value;
(4) drying of the ight soil after fermenting-ripening, pulverizing, interpolation phosphorus, potassium fertilizer are made bio-organic fertilizer.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that in step (4), organic chemical fertilizer raw materials quality ratio is: 4～6 parts, the ight soil after fermenting-ripening, 1～2 part of ammonium phosphate chemical fertilizer, 2～3 parts of saltpetre chemical fertilizer.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103694007A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-04-02 | 广西金穗生物科技有限责任公司 | Double fermentation process for bio-organic fertilizer production |
| CN103833432A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-06-04 | 党伟 | Method for producing biological bacterial fertilizer by using fungus dregs |
| CN104150610A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-11-19 | 漳州美利德生物工程有限公司 | Method for treating biogas tail liquid by using Bacillus mucilaginosus |
| CN104193426A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-12-10 | 郑兴耘 | Method and equipment for fermenting and drying excrement in one step |
| CN104311346A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-28 | 德州创迪微生物资源有限责任公司 | Manufacture method of biological organic controlled-release fertilizer |
| CN104671853A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-03 | 胡艳晖 | Preparation method of compound photosynthetic bacterial fertilizer |
| CN105036830A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-11 | 灵川县億旺养殖专业合作社 | Pig manure fermentation organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106396764A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 宁夏万齐农业股份有限公司 | Preparation method of environmentally-friendly high-efficiency apple plantation fertilizer |
| CN108840729A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-11-20 | 安徽养地生态科技有限公司 | The preparation process of one fowl and livestock dirt resource utilization production organic fertilizer |
| CN110615697A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-27 | 沈阳农业大学 | Straw-excrement micro-storage fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| RU2733133C1 (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-09-29 | Роман Игоревич Оськин | Organic thermally activated fertilizer |
| CN112624826A (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-04-09 | 龙游县金怡热电有限公司 | Method and device for recycling papermaking waste residues |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103694007A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-04-02 | 广西金穗生物科技有限责任公司 | Double fermentation process for bio-organic fertilizer production |
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| CN103833432A (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-06-04 | 党伟 | Method for producing biological bacterial fertilizer by using fungus dregs |
| CN104193426A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-12-10 | 郑兴耘 | Method and equipment for fermenting and drying excrement in one step |
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| CN104311346A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-28 | 德州创迪微生物资源有限责任公司 | Manufacture method of biological organic controlled-release fertilizer |
| CN104671853A (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-03 | 胡艳晖 | Preparation method of compound photosynthetic bacterial fertilizer |
| CN105036830A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-11 | 灵川县億旺养殖专业合作社 | Pig manure fermentation organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106396764A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 宁夏万齐农业股份有限公司 | Preparation method of environmentally-friendly high-efficiency apple plantation fertilizer |
| CN108840729A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-11-20 | 安徽养地生态科技有限公司 | The preparation process of one fowl and livestock dirt resource utilization production organic fertilizer |
| CN110615697A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-27 | 沈阳农业大学 | Straw-excrement micro-storage fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| RU2733133C1 (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-09-29 | Роман Игоревич Оськин | Organic thermally activated fertilizer |
| CN112624826A (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-04-09 | 龙游县金怡热电有限公司 | Method and device for recycling papermaking waste residues |
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Application publication date: 20130626 |