CN103168826B - 变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法 - Google Patents
变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103168826B CN103168826B CN201310100237.2A CN201310100237A CN103168826B CN 103168826 B CN103168826 B CN 103168826B CN 201310100237 A CN201310100237 A CN 201310100237A CN 103168826 B CN103168826 B CN 103168826B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fillet
- fish
- power ultrasonic
- ultrasonic wave
- freezing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title abstract 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003097 mucus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013611 frozen food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-N Adenosine triphosphate Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O ZKHQWZAMYRWXGA-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920002527 Glycogen Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DRBBFCLWYRJSJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-phosphocreatine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(C)C(=N)NP(O)(O)=O DRBBFCLWYRJSJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 2
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940096919 glycogen Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000008934 Muscle Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010074084 Muscle Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002389 environmental scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000034659 glycolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004118 muscle contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950007002 phosphocreatine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/06—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
- A22C25/02—Washing or descaling fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
- A22C25/14—Beheading, eviscerating, or cleaning fish
- A22C25/142—Beheading fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
- A22C25/14—Beheading, eviscerating, or cleaning fish
- A22C25/145—Eviscerating fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
- A22C25/16—Removing fish-bones; Filleting fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
- A22C25/17—Skinning fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
- A22C25/18—Cutting fish into portions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
- A22C25/20—Shredding; Cutting into cubes; Flaking
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/02—Preserving by means of inorganic salts
- A23B4/023—Preserving by means of inorganic salts by kitchen salt or mixtures thereof with inorganic or organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B4/00—General methods for preserving meat, sausages, fish or fish products
- A23B4/06—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B4/08—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of chemicals or treatment with chemicals before or during cooling, e.g. in the form of an ice coating or frozen block
- A23B4/09—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of chemicals or treatment with chemicals before or during cooling, e.g. in the form of an ice coating or frozen block with direct contact between the food and the chemical, e.g. liquid N2, at cryogenic temperature
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L25/00—Food consisting mainly of nutmeat or seeds; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/26—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by irradiation without heating
- A23L3/30—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by irradiation without heating by treatment with ultrasonic waves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
- A23L3/36—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23L3/37—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of or treatment with chemicals
- A23L3/375—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling with addition of or treatment with chemicals with direct contact between the food and the chemical, e.g. liquid nitrogen, at cryogenic temperature
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
- A23L5/32—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using phonon wave energy, e.g. sound or ultrasonic waves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法,包括以下步骤:(1)对原料鱼进行预处理,得到鱼片;(2)对鱼片进行预冷;(3)对预冷后的鱼片进行堆叠,得到鱼片堆;(4)采用盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片堆,同时进行变功率超声波处理;(5)将鱼片送入冷库,-18℃以下冻藏。所述变功率超声波处理具体为:在超声波频率20kHz条件下,先采用800~600W的功率处理5~10min,然后变换到200~600W的功率处理5~15min。本发明的方法减小了鱼肉的冻结时间,形成的冰晶细小均匀,防止了形成冰晶对细胞壁的损害,进而减少了鱼肉的冷冻变性和营养损失。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及冷冻食品技术领域,特别涉及变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法。
背景技术
超声波技术应用于冷冻行业,是一种有效改善冷冻产品品质的好方法。超声波的物理效应(空化效应)能够降低冰晶成核所需要的过冷度,促进晶核的形成,尤其在难于成核的低过冷度的环境中,利用超声波可有效地促进成核;对于较大的冰晶体还有破碎的作用;强度较大的超声波产生的气泡还可以有效充当晶核,从而增加冰晶数目,进而减小冰晶体积。而且超声波空穴效应产生强烈的搅动及微气化现象可以加速冻结食品的传质、传热系数,从而达到快速冷冻的目的。
超声波的空化效应受到很多因素的影响,如超声波使用的频率,超声强度,超声对象的性质等。超声波作用于液体并在其内部引起声传播,当强度足够大时,液体内将会出现大量的活动气泡,按照其振动行为分为普通气泡和空化气泡。空化气泡在运动过程中表现出很强的非线性效应,并能引起声能向其他形式能量的转换。随着超声频率的增加,空化气泡的振动总体呈减弱趋势,故空化效应随着频率的升高相应减弱。而在声波频率不变的情况下,提高声波强度能够在一定范围内将尺度更小的微气泡转化为空化气泡,从而提高超声波的空化作用。
Da-Wen Sun和Bing Li在2002年用功率为15.85W频率为25kHz的超声波处理浸渍在冷冻液中的土豆2分钟,在扫描电镜下观察到土豆的细胞膜结构完整,细胞间隙小。X.Zhang等人在同一年以含有饱和气泡的水为超声对象,观察到超声波促进结晶可能存在另一原理微细流,但这一原理不存在于固体样品当中。王成会和林书玉在2010年研究了超声波作用下气泡的非线性振动,得出超声波的空化作用效果与许多因素有关。HosseinKiani和Da-Wen Sun等人在2011年用不同的辐射时间以及超声强度处理作为食品模型的琼脂凝胶,证明超声波能降低结晶需要的过冷度,而且缩短了冷冻时间。
不同于植物体,鱼捕获或屠宰后会发生动物体特有的死后变化。首先,自身的酶系统开始作用。在糖酵解作用下,糖原被分解生成乳酸,致使pH降低。然后,pH降至某一程度则会引起三磷酸腺苷酶开始作用。三磷酸腺苷被分解减少,磷酸肌酸也会减少至消失,肌肉蛋白发生收缩,这就会引起死后僵硬。僵硬使肌肉收缩,弹性和拉伸减少。鱼捕获之际,如果是在网中被闷死,糖原会分解生成乳酸,三磷酸腺苷几乎消耗殆尽,此时不引起僵硬而直接发生腐败。第三步,不久后僵硬就会结束,恢复所谓解硬就是恢复到原来的硬度。第四步,肌肉中的酶发生自身消化,增加可溶性物质,软化组织。最后,自身消化使可溶性物质增多,黏附和侵入的细菌就会旺盛地繁殖,分解产物积累,不久就使得鱼肉腐败。
专利CN201010130687.2公布了一种通过添加复合抗冻剂的方法能更有效地减少冷冻鱼糜蛋白质冷冻变性,提高冷冻鱼糜的凝胶强度。专利CN201010156877.1公布了采用褐藻胶裂解物作为无磷品质改良剂可显著提高鱼片品质改良性,并能显著降低产品解冻损失率,提高产品嫩度,明显改善冷冻鱼片质构。专利CN03105265.7公布了对中药材、食品进行速冻保鲜,在冷冻条件下升华冰晶,避免了高温常压蒸发对被干燥物质产生的氧化、分解现象,保持了物品原来特有的营养成分,有效成分含量高。专利CN01135334.1公布了一种在载冷剂中加入电场的食品冷冻装置。专利CN01124944.7公布了将冰障、保温材料合为一体,增加了保温厚度,来冷冻甜菜,使得整个投入和产出相适应。
随着淡水养殖业的发展,淡水鱼产量迅速增长,除鲜销上市外,将淡水鱼加工成鱼片、鱼段、鱼排,速冻成小包装冷冻食品,已成为目前水产品加工业中广泛采用的方法之一,也一定程度上缓解了淡水鱼“卖鱼难”的现状。冷藏有撒上碎冰冷却的填冰法,投入到冰水中的冷却冰水法,各有特点,但是一般都不能长期保藏鱼类。因此就需要快速冻结,冻结的方法大致有盐水浸渍法(浸渍在约-5℃的食盐水中冻结)、接触法(在-40~-25℃的低温板上冻结)、半鼓风法(把-40~-35℃的冷风,以3~5m/s的风速送入冻结)。冻结鱼的冻藏温度越低越好,尤其是长时间保藏,但考虑到经济原因,一般为-20℃。
鱼肉以冷冻方式贮藏时,其中水分由液相转为固相,形成冰晶,分布于鱼肉组织的细胞内或细胞间。现有技术的缺陷在于,在一般冷冻条件下,所形成的冰晶往往会大于鱼肉细胞的直径对细胞壁产生物理性损伤,导致原生质外溢,细胞变形,鱼肉失去原有的质地,从而导致鱼肉解冻后营养风味损失严重。采用恒定功率超声波处理,由于鱼肉不同部位的冰晶生长微环境不同,很难达到均匀一致的处理效果。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的上述缺点与不足,本发明的目的在于提供变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法,减小了鱼肉的冻结时间,形成的冰晶细小均匀,防止了形成冰晶对细胞壁的损害,进而减少了鱼肉的冷冻变性和营养损失。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案实现:
变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)对原料鱼进行预处理,得到鱼片;
(2)对鱼片进行预冷;
(3)对预冷后的鱼片进行堆叠,得到鱼片堆;
(4)采用盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片堆,同时进行变功率超声波处理;
(5)将鱼片送入冷库冻藏。
步骤(4)所述采用盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片,同时进行变功率超声波处理,具体为:
用-18~-20℃的氯化钠溶液浸渍鱼片堆,同时进行变功率超声波处理;所述氯化钠溶液的浓度为25~30%(m/m);所述变功率超声波处理具体为:在超声波频率为20kHz条件下,先采用800~600W的功率处理5~10min,然后变换到200~600W的功率处理5~15min。
步骤(1)所述对原料鱼进行预处理,得到鱼片,具体为:
待冷冻的原料鱼经宰杀、去头、去净内脏后,用流动水洗去鱼体表面的黏液、杂质、腹腔内血污,去脊骨,去皮,切鱼块,整形得到鱼片厚度为1~3cm,宽度为2~4cm,长度为3~5cm。
步骤(2)所述对鱼片进行预冷,具体为:将鱼片预冷到0~1℃。
步骤(3)所述对预冷后的鱼片进行堆叠,得到鱼片堆,具体为:
将预冷后的鱼片规则堆叠成高度为20~30cm,宽度为10~15cm,长度为12~15cm的鱼片堆,放入冷冻槽中,其中每个鱼片堆之间的距离为5~8cm。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点和有益效果:
(1)冻结鱼片的速度快,与未采用超声波处理的盐水浸渍法冷冻相比,冻结时间可缩短近20%(P<0.05)。
(2)冻结鱼片解冻后的汁液流失率大大降低;采用变功率超声波处理,针对鱼肉不同部位的不同冰晶生长微环境处理更为均匀,因此,相比采用恒定功率超声波处理的样品,用微波解冻后的汁液流失率可降低30%。
(3)冻结鱼片的盐溶蛋白损失率大大降低,相比未采用超声波处理样品降低近20%。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明作进一步地详细说明,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1
新鲜三文鱼经宰杀、去头、去净内脏后,用流动水洗去鱼体表面的黏液、杂质、腹腔内血污,去脊骨,去皮,切鱼片,整形得到鱼片3×2×3cm(厚×宽×长),称取5kg,预冷至0℃。取预冷好的三文鱼片,堆叠成20cm,宽度为15cm,长度为15cm的鱼片堆放入冷冻槽中,其中每个鱼片堆之间的距离为5cm。冷冻液为30%(m/m)食盐水溶液,料液比为1:100,在放入5min后开启超声波处理至三文鱼片降温至-18℃,取出在冻结状态迅速包裹保鲜膜后放入-18℃冻藏。变功率超声波处理条件为:频率20kHz,功率800W条件处理下10min,然后在同一频率下,变换功率至400W处理5min。鱼片冻结时间(由0℃将至-18℃所需时间)相比没有超声处理的三文鱼片缩短了13%(P<0.05),冻结三文鱼片用微波解冻后的汁液流失率,相比采用恒定功率超声波处理的三文鱼片降低了23%,其盐溶蛋白损失率,相比未采用超声波处理三文鱼片降低了15%。
实施例2
新鲜石斑经宰杀、去头、去净内脏后,用流动水洗去鱼体表面的黏液、杂质、腹腔内血污,去脊骨,去皮,切鱼片,整形得到鱼片1×4×5cm(厚×宽×长),称取6kg,预冷至1℃。取预冷好的石斑鱼片,堆叠成30cm,宽度为10cm,长度为15cm的鱼片堆放入冷冻槽中,其中每个鱼片堆之间的距离为8cm。冷冻液为25%(m/m)食盐水溶液,料液比为1:100,在放入5min后开启超声波处理至石斑鱼片降温至-20℃,取出在冻结状态迅速包裹保鲜膜后放入-18℃冻藏。变功率超声波处理条件为:频率20kHz,功率600W条件处理下5min,然后在同一频率下,变换功率至200W处理15min。鱼片冻结时间(由0℃将至-18℃所需时间)相比没有超声处理的石斑鱼片缩短了10%(P<0.05),冻结石斑鱼片用微波解冻后的汁液流失率,相比采用恒定功率超声波处理的石斑鱼片降低了20%,其盐溶蛋白损失率,相比未采用超声波处理石斑鱼片降低了18%。
实施例3
新鲜鳕鱼经宰杀、去头、去净内脏后,用流动水洗去鱼体表面的黏液、杂质、腹腔内血污,去脊骨,去皮,切鱼片,整形得到鱼片2×4×4cm(厚×宽×长),称取4kg,预冷至0℃。取预冷好的鱼片,堆叠成高度25cm,宽度为10cm,长度为12cm的鱼片堆放入冷冻槽中,其中每个鱼片堆之间的距离为5cm。冷冻液为25%(m/m)食盐水溶液,料液比为1:100,在放入5min后开启超声波处理至石斑鱼片降温至-18℃,取出在冻结状态迅速包裹保鲜膜后放入-18℃冻藏。变功率超声波处理条件为:频率20kHz,功率700W条件处理下10min,然后在同一频率下,变换功率至580W处理5min。鱼片冻结时间(由0℃将至-18℃所需时间)相比没有超声处理的石斑鱼片缩短了15%(P<0.05),冻结石斑鱼片用微波解冻后的汁液流失率,相比采用恒定功率超声波处理的石斑鱼片降低了18%,其盐溶蛋白损失率,相比未采用超声波处理石斑鱼片降低了20%。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受所述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)对原料鱼进行预处理,得到鱼片;
(2)对鱼片进行预冷;
(3)对预冷后的鱼片进行堆叠,得到鱼片堆;
(4)采用盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片堆,同时进行变功率超声波处理,具体为:
用-18~-20℃的氯化钠溶液浸渍鱼片堆,同时进行变功率超声波处理;所述氯化钠溶液的浓度为25~30%(m/m);所述变功率超声波处理具体为:在超声波频率为20kHz条件下,先采用800~600W的功率处理5~10min,然后变换到200~600W的功率处理5~15min;
(5)将鱼片送入冷库冻藏。
2.根据权利要求1所述的变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述对原料鱼进行预处理,得到鱼片,具体为:
待冷冻的原料鱼经宰杀、去头、去净内脏后,用流动水洗去鱼体表面的黏液、杂质、腹腔内血污,去脊骨,去皮,切鱼块,整形得到鱼片厚度为1~3cm,宽度为2~4cm,长度为3~5cm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述对鱼片进行预冷,具体为:将鱼片预冷到0~1℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述对预冷后的鱼片进行堆叠,得到鱼片堆,具体为:
将预冷后的鱼片规则堆叠成高度为20~30cm,宽度为10~15cm,长度为12~15cm的鱼片堆,放入冷冻槽中,其中每个鱼片堆之间的距离为5~8cm。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201310100237.2A CN103168826B (zh) | 2013-03-26 | 2013-03-26 | 变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法 |
PCT/CN2013/090061 WO2014153994A1 (zh) | 2013-03-26 | 2013-12-20 | 变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法 |
US14/780,861 US9497976B2 (en) | 2013-03-26 | 2013-12-20 | Method for improving, by using power-variable ultrasonic waves, frozen fish fillets treated by means of salt-water immersion process |
GB1516848.7A GB2526494B (en) | 2013-03-26 | 2013-12-20 | Method for improving, by using power-variable ultrasonic waves, frozen fish fillets treated by means of salt-water immersion process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201310100237.2A CN103168826B (zh) | 2013-03-26 | 2013-03-26 | 变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN103168826A CN103168826A (zh) | 2013-06-26 |
CN103168826B true CN103168826B (zh) | 2014-05-07 |
Family
ID=48629375
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201310100237.2A Active CN103168826B (zh) | 2013-03-26 | 2013-03-26 | 变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9497976B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103168826B (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2526494B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2014153994A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103168826B (zh) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-05-07 | 华南理工大学 | 变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法 |
CN104757093A (zh) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-07-08 | 莆田市汇丰食品工业有限公司 | 一种提高鲍鱼口感和品质的速冻方法 |
CN104782739A (zh) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-07-22 | 上海海洋大学 | 一种低渗盐量CaCl2浸渍冻结金枪鱼的方法 |
CN105725103B (zh) * | 2016-01-29 | 2019-08-27 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | 一种低盐高水分咸鱼干的制备及保存方法 |
CN106550972A (zh) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-04-05 | 安徽新梦想食品有限公司 | 一种猪头肉的分割及快速冷冻处理方法 |
CN106538667A (zh) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-03-29 | 山东好当家海洋发展股份有限公司 | 一种鱼块的保鲜方法 |
JP2018085971A (ja) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-07 | 広瀬 幸雄 | 水素含有氷の製造方法及び魚介類の鮮度保持方法 |
US11160493B2 (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2021-11-02 | Musclesound, Inc. | System and method for determining a subject's muscle fuel level, muscle fuel rating, and muscle energy status |
CN107198149A (zh) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-09-26 | 华南理工大学 | 一种超声波协同水溶性大豆多糖冷冻鱼糜的方法 |
CN108308554A (zh) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-07-24 | 河南科技学院 | 一种鸡肉成熟调控方法 |
CN109601600A (zh) * | 2018-05-02 | 2019-04-12 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | 一种鲐鲹鱼片的冷冻方法 |
CN109006971A (zh) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-12-18 | 浙江大学 | 一种超声辅助减少水产品冻结过程中冰晶损伤的方法 |
CN110521960A (zh) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-03 | 福州大学 | 一种秋刀鱼鲞超声制作工艺 |
CN111838583A (zh) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-30 | 江苏省农业科学院 | 一种超声波烫漂预处理提高青虾干制品虾青素含量的方法 |
CN111955535A (zh) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-11-20 | 渤海大学 | 一种超声波辅助冷冻牡蛎的方法 |
CN112293638A (zh) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-02 | 泰克尼康科技有限公司 | 一种基于脂肪含量的熟食低温快速冻眠方法 |
RU2767205C1 (ru) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-03-16 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «КЬЮМИ» | Способ приготовления блюд-полуфабрикатов в упаковке с возможностью их дальнейшего автоматизированного разогрева и/или доготовки |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1404352A (en) * | 1920-09-23 | 1922-01-24 | Deep Sea Fisheries Inc | Method of treating fish |
US2766598A (en) * | 1949-10-27 | 1956-10-16 | Amiot Felix | Method for the preservation of fish |
US4353928A (en) * | 1977-11-25 | 1982-10-12 | Veb Rationalisiering Halle | Method of and an apparatus for treating fish material to make the same ready for consumption |
US4309449A (en) * | 1980-04-21 | 1982-01-05 | Roark Wayne O | Method for preserving live hard-shell crabs by freezing |
US5797271A (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 1998-08-25 | Pelican Bait, Inc | Mobile brine tank quick-freezing system and method |
US6004607A (en) * | 1998-06-11 | 1999-12-21 | Krafts Foods, Inc. | Chilling of meat products |
CN1399921A (zh) | 2001-08-05 | 2003-03-05 | 刘旭启 | 新法冷冻甜菜贮藏及应用技术 |
CN1224321C (zh) | 2001-09-29 | 2005-10-26 | 森田食品技术有限公司 | 食品的冷冻方法和冷冻装置 |
CN1179667C (zh) | 2003-02-26 | 2004-12-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种对中药材、食品进行超低温速冻保鲜和冷冻升华干燥的方法及其装置 |
US7048961B2 (en) * | 2003-06-20 | 2006-05-23 | Alaska Ocean Products Corporation | Method for freezing edible marine animals |
WO2007047525A2 (en) * | 2005-10-16 | 2007-04-26 | Cargill, Incorporated | Ultrasonic treatment for preparing meat products |
JP2008301803A (ja) * | 2007-06-08 | 2008-12-18 | Shinyo Industries Co Ltd | 冷凍機兼解凍機および被解凍物の解凍方法 |
JP2009011302A (ja) * | 2007-07-02 | 2009-01-22 | Shinyo Industries Co Ltd | 水中冷却水温維持装置 |
CN101919539A (zh) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-12-22 | 天津科技大学 | 寿司鱼片的加工方法 |
CN101919433B (zh) * | 2009-06-11 | 2012-12-12 | 天津科技大学 | 鱼片的冷冻加工方法 |
CN101803759A (zh) | 2010-03-17 | 2010-08-18 | 广东海洋大学 | 一种提高冷冻鱼糜凝胶强度的生产方法 |
CN101822284B (zh) | 2010-04-26 | 2012-12-19 | 江苏大学 | 一种利用无磷品质改良剂改善冷冻鱼片质构的方法 |
CN103168826B (zh) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-05-07 | 华南理工大学 | 变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法 |
-
2013
- 2013-03-26 CN CN201310100237.2A patent/CN103168826B/zh active Active
- 2013-12-20 WO PCT/CN2013/090061 patent/WO2014153994A1/zh active Application Filing
- 2013-12-20 US US14/780,861 patent/US9497976B2/en active Active
- 2013-12-20 GB GB1516848.7A patent/GB2526494B/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103168826A (zh) | 2013-06-26 |
US20160050945A1 (en) | 2016-02-25 |
GB2526494B (en) | 2018-04-04 |
GB201516848D0 (en) | 2015-11-04 |
GB2526494A (en) | 2015-11-25 |
US9497976B2 (en) | 2016-11-22 |
WO2014153994A1 (zh) | 2014-10-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103168826B (zh) | 变功率超声波改善盐水浸渍法冷冻鱼片的方法 | |
Wu et al. | Recent developments in novel freezing and thawing technologies applied to foods | |
James et al. | A review of novel and innovative food freezing technologies | |
CN101919433B (zh) | 鱼片的冷冻加工方法 | |
JP4370288B2 (ja) | 冷凍食品の製造方法 | |
CN105494586B (zh) | 一种鱿鱼肉液氮超低温冷冻粉碎的方法 | |
CN101579142B (zh) | 一种海参冷冻保鲜的方法 | |
CN106857802A (zh) | 一种冷冻调理块茎类蔬菜复热后质构改善的方法 | |
CN111213707B (zh) | 一种家禽冷冻保鲜的方法 | |
CN101919539A (zh) | 寿司鱼片的加工方法 | |
CN102805372A (zh) | 一种冻干即食速溶海参汤的加工方法 | |
CN108967506A (zh) | 一种利用高压静电场实现肉过冷贮藏保鲜的方法 | |
CN103168828A (zh) | 变频超声波强化提高荔枝冷冻速度与品质的方法 | |
CN104544292A (zh) | 蒸食海参加工方法 | |
CN110692699A (zh) | 船载高活化水处理海产品冻结与冰晶无损感知方法及装置 | |
CN107198149A (zh) | 一种超声波协同水溶性大豆多糖冷冻鱼糜的方法 | |
CN105494594A (zh) | 一种超声波协同高静压冷冻对虾的方法 | |
CN102405955B (zh) | 一种河豚鱼冻藏的方法 | |
CN109601600A (zh) | 一种鲐鲹鱼片的冷冻方法 | |
JP3639499B2 (ja) | 食品の冷凍装置 | |
CN108617756A (zh) | 一种液氮结合高压二氧化碳处理的果蔬速冻方法 | |
CN104982501A (zh) | 一种南美白对虾液氮玻璃态冻结保藏的方法 | |
CN106538667A (zh) | 一种鱼块的保鲜方法 | |
JPS59151834A (ja) | 青果物、食肉及び水産魚介藻類の冷凍法 | |
CN105494599A (zh) | 红藻糖苷在冷冻鱼糜中的应用 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |