CN103124705A - 发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体以及发光装置 - Google Patents
发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体以及发光装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103124705A CN103124705A CN2011800463120A CN201180046312A CN103124705A CN 103124705 A CN103124705 A CN 103124705A CN 2011800463120 A CN2011800463120 A CN 2011800463120A CN 201180046312 A CN201180046312 A CN 201180046312A CN 103124705 A CN103124705 A CN 103124705A
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- luminous element
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Abstract
本发明提供一种发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体以及发光装置,可获得高反射率,并且为了使散热性良好、延长发光元件的寿命而导热系数高。由于是由陶瓷烧结体构成且具有搭载发光元件的搭载部的发光元件搭载用陶瓷烧结体,该搭载部侧的表层部中的结晶粒径的当量圆直径为0.2μm以上且1.0μm以下的结晶的比例在45%以上且80%以下,当量圆直径为2.0μm以上且6.0μm以下的结晶的比例在5%以上且15%以下,并且当量圆直径超过6.0μm的结晶的比例在2.7%以下,因此能够提高发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体(1)的反射率,并且能够作为导热系数高的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体、以及在该发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体上搭载发光元件而构成的发光装置。
背景技术
近年来,作为可成批生产的高亮度且消耗电力少的发光元件,LED(发光二极管)受到关注。而且,从一般照明用到发光显示板用的光源、便携电话机、个人电脑以及电视机等的背光灯被广泛利用。
对于用于搭载这种发光元件的基体,要求基体本身具有高反射率、散热性良好。
针对这种要求,在专利文献1中公开了如下内容:半导体发光元件用的高反射白色陶瓷基板由氧化铝和玻璃质成分构成,气孔率为5%,氧化铝的含有率为75~85重量%,作为玻璃质成分而含有硅石、钙、镁以及钡,氧化铝的平均结晶粒径为0.5μm以下,因此使波长为400~740nm的光的反射率为90~93%以上。
在先技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2007-284333号公报
发明内容
(发明所要解决的课题)
然而,专利文献1所公开的半导体发光元件用的高反射白色陶瓷根据实施例可知是一种含有75~85重量%的矾土、含有约25~15重量%的作为玻璃质成分的硅石、钡、钙以及镁的氧化物的烧结体,虽然可获得波长为400~740nm的反射率在90%以上的特性,但是由于矾土的结晶粒径在0.5μm以下,因此导热系数变低,冷却发光元件的作用降低,故存在发光元件的寿命变短的问题。
本发明正是为了解决上述课题而提出的,其目的在于提供一种可获得高反射率且能使散热性良好、延长发光元件的寿命的导热系数高的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体。
(用于解决课题的方案)
本发明的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体由陶瓷烧结体构成且具有搭载发光元件的搭载部,其特征在于,所述搭载部侧的表层部中的结晶粒径的当量圆直径为0.2μm以上且1.0μm以下的结晶的比例在45%以上且80%以下,当量圆直径为2.0μm以上且6.0μm以下的结晶的比例在5%以上且15%以下,并且当量圆直径超过6.0μm的结晶的比例为2.7%以下。
此外,本发明的发光装置的特征在于搭载了上述构成的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体。
(发明效果)
本发明的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体是由陶瓷烧结体构成且具有搭载发光元件的搭载部的发光元件搭载用陶瓷烧结体,所述搭载部侧的表层部中的结晶粒径的当量圆直径为0.2μm以上且1.0μm以下的结晶的比例在45%以上且80%以下,当量圆直径为2.0μm以上且6.0μm以下的结晶的比例在5%以上且15%以下,并且当量圆直径超过6.0μm的结晶的比例在2.7%以下,因此具有高反射率,容易将导热系数维持在较高的状态。
此外,通过作为在上述构成的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体上搭载了发光元件的发光装置,由此具有高反射率,并且能够提高发光元件的散热性,因此能够延长寿命。
附图说明
图1是表示在本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体上搭载了发光元件的发光装置的构成的一例的剖视图。
图2是表示入射光向本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体的表面散射的状态的概念图。
图3是表示本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体的结晶粒子的电子显微镜照片。
图4是在本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体中表示在晶界相漫反射光散射的状态的概念图。
图5是在本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体中表示结晶粒子以及在结晶粒子间形成的晶界相的概念图。
具体实施方式
以下,说明本发明的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体的实施方式的例子。
图1是表示在本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体上搭载了发光元件的发光装置的构成的一例的剖视图。
采用了本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1(以下也称作基体1)的发光装置21,利用厚膜印刷法等使电极(表面电极)3c、3d被覆于搭载发光元件2的基体1的一个表面1a,通过镀覆等在形成有电极3c、3d的一部分形成电极焊盘3a、3b,在该电极焊盘3a之上搭载由半导体构成的发光元件2。而且,通过接合线32,将发光元件2和电极焊盘3b进行电连接。另外,在此,关于电极焊盘3a和发光元件2的接合,只要是能电接合即可,也可以是采用了导电性粘接剂的接合、基于接合线32的接合、或者基于焊料凸点的接合。而且,用由树脂等构成的密封部件31包覆发光元件2以及包括电极焊盘3a、3b在内的电极3c、3d,该密封部件31一并具有发光元件2的保护功能和透镜31a的功能。另外,在电极3c、3d以及焊盘电极3a、3b的露出部分通常被覆透明的覆盖层玻璃来作为保护层,但是在此省略说明。
此外,电极(表面电极)3c、3d经由贯通了基体1的电极(贯通导电层)3e、3f而与在另一个表面1b形成的电极(背面电极)3g、3h进行电接合。
而且,在该电极(背面电极)3g、3h连接外部的直流电源(未图示)或者AC-DC开关电源(未图示)来施加电压,从而发光元件2发光。此时,密封部件31是如下的构造:不仅具有保护发光元件2的功能还具有选择性变换光的波长的功能的情况较多,进而通过作为密封部件31的外壳的透镜31a来扩撒以及放射光。
此外,图2是表示入射光向本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体的表面散射的状态的概念图。
如图2所示,关于本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1,在以结晶尺寸的水平观看剖面时,具有结晶粒子4、由氧化硅等构成的玻璃相(晶界相)5、和气孔6。另外,将这些结晶粒子4与玻璃相5之间作为界面7,将气孔6与玻璃相5之间作为界面8。
照射到本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1的表面1a的入射光11,成为:由基体1的表面1a反射的反射光13、和透过基体1的内部并从与照射入射光11的一个表面1a相反侧射出的透过光12。
此外,入射光11的一部分成为在表面1a相对于入射角度而以相同的角度朝向相反方向反射的正反射光13a、和在表面1a向不特定方向反射的漫反射光13b,其余的光在基体1的内部行进。而且,关于在该基体1的内部行进的光,其一部分在基体1内在结晶粒子4与玻璃相5之间的界面7成为正反射光13c和漫反射光13d,此外在气孔6与玻璃相5的界面8成为正反射光13e和漫反射光13f,其余的光进一步在基体1的内部行进,在结晶粒子4与玻璃相5之间的界面7、和气孔6与玻璃相5的界面8产生正反射光13e和漫反射光13f而成为来自表面1a的反射光。而且,在基体1的内部行进的光从相反侧作为透过光12射出。为了增大该基体1的光的反射率,需要增加内部的正反射光13c、13e以及漫反射光13d、13f而向一个表面1a侧反射、或者减少从另一个表面1b透过并射出的透过光12。
另外,在表面1a、1b也存在开气孔6a,但是表面积中的开气孔6a的面积所占的比例很小,因此省略其对反射光13的影响的说明。
此外,图3是表示本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体的结晶粒子的电子显微镜照片。
表示该结晶粒子的电子显微镜照片是在对基体1的表面进行镜面加工、并进行了火蚀刻之后由扫描型电子显微镜拍摄到的照片。
如图3所示,在本实施方式的基体1的表面存在结晶粒子4、玻璃相(晶界相)5、以及开气孔6a,该开气孔6a是在烧结陶瓷的过程中所形成的气孔6通过加工出现在表面、或者在加工时结晶粒脱粒而形成的。
而且,本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1是由陶瓷烧结体构成、且具有搭载发光元件的搭载部的发光元件搭载用陶瓷烧结体,重要的是:该搭载部侧的表层部中的结晶粒径的当量圆直径为0.2μm以上且1.0μm以下的结晶的数目的比例在45%以上且80%以下,当量圆直径为2.0μm以上且6.0μm以下的结晶的数目的比例在5%以上且15%以下,并且当量圆直径超过6.0μm的结晶的数目的比例在2.7%以下。
在此,本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1的搭载发光元件的搭载部是指形成了用于搭载发光元件的电极3c、3d的面、即基体1的一个表面1a,表层部是指在厚度方向上从基体1的一个表面1a到50μm程度为止的表层的部分。
本实施方式的基体1是具有搭载基体1的发光元件的搭载部的发光元件搭载用陶瓷烧结体,该搭载部侧的表层部中的结晶粒径的当量圆直径为0.2μm以上且1.0μm以下的结晶的数目的比例在45%以上且80%以下,因此如图2所示,反射入射光11的结晶粒子4与玻璃相5之间的界面7增加从而正反射光13c和漫反射光13d增加,具有高反射率变得容易。此外,能够减低作为传导热量的晶格的振动的声子在界面7散射的情形,并能够将导热系数维持在较高的状态。
此外,关于本实施方式的基体1,结晶粒径的当量圆直径为2.0μm以上且6.0μm以下的结晶的数目的比例在5%以上且15%以下,因此具有高反射率、并且容易将基体1的导热系数维持得较高。此外,如果结晶粒径变大则易于吸收或衰减短的波长,因此该结晶粒径的当量圆直径为2.0μm以上且6.0μm以下的结晶的数目的比例在5%以上且15%以下的基体1,能够抑制可见光中的短的波长的成分在结晶粒子中被吸收或衰减。因而,能够处于针对可见光的整个波长而具有高反射率的状态。
进而,较之由结晶粒径为1.0μm以下的结晶构成的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体,由于结晶粒子4与玻璃相5之间的界面7变少,因此作为传导热量的结晶粒子的振动的声子的散射减少,容易将导热系数维持得较高,进而容易抑制由于结晶粒子4与玻璃相5之间的界面7的减少而导致可见光的反射率降低的问题。
进而,如果结晶粒径的当量圆直径为2.0μm以上且6.0μm以下的结晶的数目的比例在5%以上且15%以下,则作为在基体1的表面形成有将板状体分割成单个片的分割槽的板状体时,在沿着分割槽分割了板状体的分割面不易产生毛刺。这被认为是由于:通过基体1包含5%以上且15%以下的结晶粒径的当量圆直径为2.0μm以上且6.0μm以下的结晶,从而气孔等的断裂源适度地分散于基体1,从分割槽产生的裂缝线性发展。尤其是,如果是基体1的3点弯曲强度为280~400MPa的范围,则不易残留毛刺,进而也不易在制造工序的中途在基体1的端部产生缺口。
进而,还可将作为易于吸收或衰减短波长的大结晶粒子的结晶粒径的当量圆直径超过6.0μm的结晶的数目的比例抑制得较小,为2.7%以下,因此能够进一步抑制在结晶粒子吸收以及衰减可见光中的短的波长的成分,所以能够处于具有高反射率的状态。
关于这种结晶粒径的测量,只要对基体1的表面进行镜面加工,在比烧成温度低50~100℃的温度的范围内进行火蚀刻,用扫描型电子显微镜(例如日本电子制的JSM-7001F)以1000~3000倍的倍率进行拍摄来生成图像的数据,利用图像解析装置(例如三谷商事制的Win ROOF)求出各结晶粒的面积,根据该面积算出各结晶的当量圆直径,从而求出结晶粒径的分布即可。
其中,在本实施方式中,虽然也存在基体1包含结晶粒径低于0.2μm的结晶的情况,但是在本实施方式中所用的结晶粒径的测量方法中,由于无法检测结晶粒径低于0.2μm的结晶,因此省略该情况。
此外,关于本实施方式的基体1的光的反射率的测量,只要利用使用了积分球单元的分光光度计(例如(株)岛津制作所制的分光光度计型号UV-315、和积分球单元型号ISR-3100),光源使用50W卤素灯和氘灯,将波长范围设为200~1000nm,测量范围设为漫反射率(在狭缝为20nm时是7×9mm),不使用掩模,作为基准使用硫酸钡粉体进行测量即可。
进而,关于导热系数的测量,只要将基体1加工成2mm的厚度,利用激光闪光法(例如真空理工制的TC-7000)进行测量即可。
进而,关于3点弯曲强度的测量,只要依据JIS R1601进行测量即可,但是在基体1为板状体的情况下,例如针对试料形状而使用长度为约40mm、宽度为25mm、厚度为0.5~0.8mm的烧结体,烧结体的表面设为烧灼表面,支点的跨距设为30mm,在跨距的中央部以0.5mm/分的速度施加载荷,根据3点弯曲强度的计算式来进行强度计算即可。
此外,作为本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体的陶瓷烧结体,优选为以氧化铝(Al2O3)、氧化锆(ZrO2)或者氧化钛(TiO2)作为主成分的白色的陶瓷。通过采用这些白色的陶瓷,能够获得高反射率。其中,只要采用氧化铝就能够获得高的导热系数。在此,主成分是指在陶瓷烧结体的整体的质量的比例中氧化铝、氧化锆或氧化钛的合计量在94质量%以上。
而且,优选本实施方式的基体1含有94质量%以上的氧化铝。
本实施方式的基体1含有94质量%以上的氧化铝是为了保持高反射率,使导热系数不降低。如果氧化铝低于94质量%,则形成作为烧结辅助剂的玻璃相的成分会增加。因而,在基体1的背面入射光容易透过,反射率容易降低。进而,由于玻璃相的导热系数低,因此如果玻璃相增加则基体的导热系数容易降低。
此外,由于本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1含有94质量%以上的氧化铝的含有量,因此作为烧结辅助剂而添加的除不可避免的杂质之外的氧化硅、和氧化钙及氧化镁中的至少一种的合计的含有量成为剩余部分的6质量%以下(不包含0),能够以比通常的烧成温度更低的低温进行烧成,能够抑制制造成本,但是也可以包含其他的化合物。例如,如果加入钡化合物,则该钡化合物存在于晶界相5,可以进一步提高反射率。
此外,为使在结晶粒子4彼此之间形成由氧化硅等构成的玻璃相5,如果在搭载基体1的发光元件2的一个表面1a涂敷用于形成电极3c、3d的厚膜膏剂来进行厚膜烧成,则膏剂中包含的金属成分从表面1a传入玻璃相5而扩散至内部,因此容易提高电极3c、3d和基体1的密接强度。
此外,为了有效地反射入射光11,在结晶粒子4与玻璃相5之间的界面7处正反射光13c和漫反射光13d增加,容易提高反射率,但是即便在气孔6与玻璃相5之间的界面8处也同样地正反射光13c和漫反射光13d增加,容易提高反射率。
而且,本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1优选结晶粒径的最大粒径在6.0μm以下。
如果结晶粒径的最大粒径在6.0μm以下,则在形成了基体1时,在基体1的内部行进的光在结晶粒子4与玻璃相5的界面7处反射出的正反射光13c以及漫反射光13d进行反射的机会变多,因此通过玻璃相5,容易从基体1的表面1a作为反射光射出,故反射率不易降低。
而且,本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1优选平均结晶粒径的当量圆直径在0.7μm以上且1.3μm以下。
本实施方式的基体1如上述说明过的那样满足:结晶粒径为0.2μm以上且1.0μm以下的结晶的数目的比例在45%以上且80%以下、结晶粒径为2.0μm以上且6.0μm以下的结晶的数目的比例在5%以上且15%以下、结晶粒径超过6.0μm的结晶的数目的比例在2.7%以下,如果处于平均结晶粒径为0.7μm以上且1.3μm以下的范围,则容易将提高可见光的反射率和导热系数这双方特性的作用维持得较高。
图4是在本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1中表示在晶界相间漫反射光的一部分散射的状态的概念图。
如图4所示,本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1在以结晶尺寸水平观看剖面时具有结晶粒子4、由氧化硅等构成的晶界相5、和气孔(未图示)(由于在图2中已经说明了入射光11散射的状态,因此以下对结晶粒子间的晶界相中的漫反射光进行说明)。
照射到本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1的表面的入射光11,成为在基板1的内部行进的光,在基体1内部在结晶粒子4a与晶界相5之间的界面7a的内部进一步行进下去,行进至相邻的结晶粒子4b与晶界相5之间的界面7b,在该光的行进的过程中,产生一部分的光相对于入射角度而言以相同的角度在相反方向上反射的正反射光13c和漫反射光13d。该漫反射光13d在界面7a与界面7b之间的晶界相5反复反射,漫反射光13e从基板1的一个表面(未图示)射出。
而且,本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1优选在结晶粒子间形成的晶界相的平均宽度在2nm以下。
在本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1中,如果基体1的晶界相5的平均宽度在2nm以下,则在例如图4的情况下,通过在彼此相邻的结晶粒子4a、4b的界面7a与界面7b之间存在晶界相5,因此在光入射至该晶界相5时,在界面7a与界面7b之间光的反射反复进行,漫反射光13d增加,反射率容易变高。如果晶界相5的平均宽度超过2nm,则晶界相5的宽度变宽,从而在界面7a与界面7b之间光的反射反复进行的次数减少,漫反射光13d变少,反射率的增加容易变少。
在此,求出在结晶粒子间形成的晶界相7的平均宽度的方法如下所述。
图5是表示本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1的结晶粒子4a、4b以及在结晶粒子4a、4b间形成的晶界相5的概念图。
首先,TEM观察基体1的剖面,从40000倍放大到60000倍,在结晶粒子4a、4b间形成的晶界相5的范围9内,测量晶界相的宽度。而且,在10处实施同样的测量,并将其平均作为晶界相的平均宽度即可。
而且,本实施方式的发光装置构成为在发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体上搭载了发光元件。
如果在本实施方式的基体1上搭载发光元件,则在发光元件发光时,由于光在基体1的表面有效地反射,因此能够成为低电力且明亮的发光装置。此外,由于导热系数高,因此散热性良好,能够容易地抑制发光元件或反射材料、覆盖发光元件的树脂等的劣化,从而能够延长寿命。
下面,对本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体的制造方法的一例进行说明。
例如,陶瓷烧结体以氧化铝作为主成分的情况下,作为原料而准备94质量%以上的氧化铝(A12O3)的平均粒径为1.8μm的粉末,作为烧结辅助剂而在合计6质量%以下的范围内准备氧化硅(SiO2)、和氧化钙(CaO)以及氧化镁(MgO)中的至少一种的粉末。而且,按照氧化铝和烧结辅助剂的合计成为100质量%的方式进行称重。在此,通过调整烧结辅助剂的称重,从而能够调整在结晶粒子间形成的晶界相5的平均宽度。
在此,如果陶瓷烧结体以氧化锆作为主成分,则作为烧结辅助剂而选择氧化铝,此外如果陶瓷烧结体以氧化钛作为主成分,则作为烧结辅助剂而选择氧化硅以及氧化铝中的至少一种,按照主成分为94质量%以上、剩余部分成为烧结辅助剂的方式进行称重即可。
然后,例如在将氧化铝设为94质量%、将烧结辅助剂设为6质量%的情况下,将氧化铝分成60质量%和34质量%,利用水等溶剂,并利用滚磨机或珠磨机等,分别单独采用高纯度的矾土球进行粉碎,成为浆料。然后,在投入了55质量%的氧化铝的滚磨机中,使得利用激光衍射散射法(例如日机装(株)制Microtrac9320-X100)测量出的粒度成为D50=1.2程度,在投入了41质量%氧化铝的滚磨机中,使得利用与上述同样的激光衍射散射法测量出的粒度成为D50=1.6程度。
然后,将这些浆料与另行粉碎的烧结辅助剂一起投入到滚磨机等中,经过几个小时后进一步进行混合。这样,将氧化铝分成两种以上来进行粉碎,制作并混合不同粒度的浆料,由此能够调整基体1的结晶粒径。
然后,使用该浆料利用刮墨刀法成形片材,或者使用利用喷雾干燥器制作该浆料的造粒体并通过公知的粉末加压成形法、或者辊压法成形陶瓷的片材,通过用于作为制品形状的模具的加工或者激光加工来制作未烧成的成形体。此时,如果考虑量产性,则成形体更优选作为可获取多个的成形体。而且,针对所获得到的成形体,利用大气(氧化)气氛的烧成炉(例如,辊式隧道炉、成批式气氛炉以及推进式隧道炉),在主成分为氧化铝的情况下在1420~1650℃的范围内调整最高温度来烧成,在主成分为氧化锆的情况下在1350~1550℃的范围内调整最高温度来烧成,在主成分为氧化钛的情况下在1200~1400℃的范围内调整最高温度来烧成,由此能够制作本实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1。此外,根据主成分的质量来适当地调整烧成的最高温度即可。进而,通过调整烧成时间,也能够调整结晶粒径以及晶界相5的平均宽度。
实施例1
以下,对本发明的实施例进行具体地说明,但是在本发明中并不限定于以下的实施例。
首先,准备94质量%的氧化铝(Al2O3)的平均粒径为1.8μm的粉末,作为烧结辅助剂而准备3.5质量%的氧化硅(SiO2)、1.5质量%的氧化钙(CaO)、1.0质量%的氧化镁(MgO)的粉末。然后,按照氧化铝和烧结辅助剂的合计成为100质量%的方式进行称重。
然后,按照氧化铝成为94质量%、烧结辅助剂成为6质量%的方式,将氧化铝分成60质量%和34质量%,利用滚磨机并采用高纯度的矾土球而分别单独地与溶剂的水一起进行粉碎,成为浆料。然后,在投入了60质量%的氧化铝的滚磨机中,使得利用激光衍射散射法(日机装(株)制Microtrac9320-X100)测量出的粒度成为D50=1.0~1.3程度,在投入了34质量%的氧化铝的滚磨机中,使得利用与上述同样的激光衍射散射法测量出的粒度成为D50=1.4~1.8程度。
然后,将这些浆料与另行粉碎的烧结辅助剂一起投入到滚磨机中进行混合之后,进一步在其中添加丙烯酸树脂等成形用粘结剂进行混合,从而获得浆料。
在此,成形用粘结剂的添加量相对于混合粉末100质量%而言成为4~8质量%程度。
然后,利用喷雾干燥使该混合粉末和成形用粘结剂混合后的浆料成为粉末的颗粒,利用公知的粉末加压成形法制作成形体。
然后,为使该成形体烧结,利用电炉在1420~1650℃的范围内进行烧成,获得了厚度为0.63±0.05mm的表1所示那样的结晶粒径的分布和作为平均结晶粒径的试料No.1~13的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体的试料。
针对该获得到的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体的试料,利用以下的方法进行结晶粒径的分布、反射率以及导热系数的测量,并评价了0.2以上且1μm以下、2μm以上且6μm以下的结晶粒径的分布和反射率、导热系数的关系。
关于结晶粒径的分布的测量,对各试料的表面进行镜面加工到与表面相距30μm的深度,将加工后的面在比各试料的烧成温度低80℃的温度下进行火蚀刻,用扫描型电子显微镜以3000倍的倍率进行拍摄来生成图像数据,根据该图像数据并利用图像解析装置进行数值化。具体而言,扫描型电子显微镜使用日本电子制的型号JSM-7001F,图像解析装置使用三谷商事制的型号Win ROOF,对835μm2的范围进行解析。在此,由于当量圆直径在0.2μm以下的结晶粒径的数据难以与噪声相区别,因此从图像数据中自动删除。
然后,关于反射率,利用(株)岛津制作所制的分光光度计型号:UV-315、和积分球单元型号ISR-3100,光源使用50W卤素灯和氘灯,将波长范围设为200~1000nm,测量范围设为漫反射率(在狭缝为20nm时是7×9mm),不使用掩模,作为基准使用硫酸钡粉体进行测量。
然后,关于导热系数的测量,采用与各试料No同一材料,将发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体加工成直径为10mm且厚度为2mm的试料,利用激光闪光法进行测量。具体而言,测量装置使用真空理工制的型号TC-7000,依据JIS R1611-1997。
此外,关于各试料的综合评价,将波长为400nm以及波长为600nm的反射率分别在86%以上或者90%以上、且导热系数在17W/(m·K)以上的试料设为“优”并显示为A,将满足任意两个项目的试料设为“良”并显示为B,将满足任意一个项目的试料设为“可以”并显示为C。
在表1中示出所获得的结果。
[表1]
由表1所示的结果可知,首先,关于反射率而言,由于试料No.3~6、9~12的结晶粒径的当量圆直径为0.2μm以上且1μm以下的结晶的数目的比例在45%以上且低于80%、以及结晶粒径的当量圆直径为2.0μm以上且6.0μm以下的结晶的数目的比例在5%以上且15%以下,因此评价为A,较之试料No.1、2以及13,因为在基体1内入射光12反射的结晶粒子4与玻璃相的界面7有所增加、并且能够抑制在结晶粒子吸收或衰减可见光中的短波长的成分,所以存在反射率为400nm时反射率变高至86%以上、反射率为600nm时反射率变高至90%以上的趋势。
然后,关于导热系数而言,由于试料No.3~6、9~12的结晶粒径的当量圆直径为0.2μm以上且1μm以下的结晶的数目的比例在45%以上且低于80%、以及结晶粒径的当量圆直径为2.0μm以上且6.0μm以下的结晶的数目的比例在5%以上且15%以下,因此评价为A,较之试料No.7以及8,与散射声子的玻璃相5之间的界面7减少,存在导热系数变高至17W/(m·K)以上的趋势。
实施例2
下面,对6μm以上的结晶粒径的分布给反射率带来的影响进行评价。
与实施例1同样地制作了发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1。此时,按照包含结晶粒径的当量圆直径为6μm以上的结晶的方式调整浆料的粒度和烧成温度来进行制作,从而获得了试料No.14~20的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体的试料。
此外,关于反射率的测量方法,与实施例1同样地,将波长为400nm以及波长为600nm的反射率分别在86%以上或者90%以上获得到的试料设为“优”并设为A,将满足任一个项目的试料设为“良”并设为B,将两者均不满足的试料设为“可以”并设为C,在表2中示出结果。
[表2]
由表2所示的结果可知,由于试料No.14的结晶粒径的当量圆直径超过6μm的结晶的数目的比例超过了2.7%,因此入射到发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体内的光透过结晶之中而容易穿到背面,波长为600nm的反射率成为略低于90%的数值,波长为400nm的反射率低于86%。由于试料No.15~18的结晶粒径的当量圆直径超过6μm的结晶的数目的比例包含在1%以上且2.7%以下,因此入射到发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体内的光透过结晶之中而仅较少一部分容易穿到背面,波长为600nm的反射率成为略超过90%的数值,而波长为400nm的反射率低于86%。与之相对,由于试料No.19~20的结晶粒径的当量圆直径超过6μm的结晶的数目的比例为0%,因此入射到发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体内的光进行反射的界面7充足地存在,可提高反射光,处于波长为600nm的反射率高达91%以上的状态的基础上,吸收或衰减短波长的大结晶粒子较少,所以可知在波长为400nm的反射率容易维持在高达88.1%以上的状态。
实施例3
下面,对平均结晶粒径给反射率和导热系数带来的影响进行评价。
与实施例1同样地制作了发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体。此时,按照结晶粒径的当量圆直径成为表3所示的值的方式对浆料的粒度和烧成温度进行调整来制作基体1,从而获得了试料No.21~27的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体的试料。
此外,测量方法和各试料的综合评价与实施例1同样。
在表3中示出所获得到的结果。
[表3]
由表3所示的结果可知,由于试料No.22~27的平均结晶粒径为1.3μm以下,因此使入射到发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体内的光进行反射的粒界7充分地存在,进而与使声子散射的玻璃相5之间的界面7减少,能够满足波长为600nm的反射率在91%以上、并且导热系数高达17W/(m·K)以上这双方的特性。
实施例4
下面,对在结晶粒子间形成的晶界相5对反射率带来的影响进行评价。与实施例1同样地制作了发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1。此时,按照晶界相5成为表4所示的值的方式对烧结辅助剂的量和烧成温度进行调整来制作基体1,从而获得了试料No.28~31的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1的试料。
此外,反射率的测量方法与实施例1同样,晶界相的平均宽度的测量方法通过TEM观察基板1的任意的剖面,在任意的点放大到50000倍进行测量,并测量晶界相的宽度。而且,针对该作业,在共计10点的视野中测量晶界相的宽度,并进行平均从而求出。而且,各试料的综合评价与实施例2同样。
在表4中示出所获得到的结果。
[表4]
由表4所示的结果可知,由于试料No.29~31的晶界相5为2nm以下,因此导热系数低的晶界相较薄,所以光的反射反复进行,漫反射光13d增加,反射率变得易增加,故能够满足波长为400nm以及波长为600nm的反射率分别单独地维持86%以上以及90%以上的状态。
如以上可知,实施方式的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1是反射率高、导热系数也能维持在较高状态的适于发光元件搭载用的陶瓷基体1。
而且,在发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体1上搭载了发光元件2的发光装置21,能够有效地反射发光元件2发出的光,并且由于导热系数高,因此散热性优越,所以因热量引起的发光元件的劣化也易于减少。
符号说明
1:发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体(基体)
1a:一个表面,1b:另一个表面
2:发光元件
3:导体
3a、3b:电极焊盘,3c、3d:电极(表面电极),3e、3f:贯通导体,3g、3h:电极(背面电极)
4:结晶粒子
5:玻璃相(晶界相)
6:气孔
7:界面(结晶粒子与玻璃相的界面)
8:界面(气孔与玻璃相的界面)
9:晶界相的范围
11:入射光
12:透过光
13:反射光
13a:正反射光,13b:漫反射光,13c:正反射光,13d:漫反射光,13e:正反射光,13f:漫反射光
21:发光装置
31:密封部件
31a:透镜
32:接合线
Claims (6)
1.一种发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体,是由陶瓷烧结体构成且具有搭载发光元件的搭载部的发光元件搭载用陶瓷烧结体,其特征在于,
所述搭载部侧的表层部中的结晶粒径的当量圆直径为0.2μm以上且1.0μm以下的结晶的比例在45%以上且80%以下,当量圆直径为2.0μm以上且6.0μm以下的结晶的比例在5%以上且15%以下,并且当量圆直径超过6.0μm的结晶的比例在2.7%以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体,其特征在于,
所述陶瓷烧结体含有94质量%以上的氧化铝而构成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体,其特征在于,
所述结晶粒径的最大粒径为6.0μm以下。
4.根据权利要求1~3中任一项所述的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体,其特征在于,
平均结晶粒径的当量圆直径在0.7μm以上且1.3μm以下。
5.根据权利要求1~4中任一项所述的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体,其特征在于,
所述陶瓷烧结体具有在所述结晶的结晶粒子间形成的晶界相,所述晶界相的平均宽度在2nm以下。
6.一种发光装置,其特征在于,
在权利要求1~5中任一项所述的发光元件搭载用陶瓷基体上搭载了发光元件。
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US11769864B2 (en) | 2017-09-28 | 2023-09-26 | Kyocera Corporation | Substrate for mounting a light-emitting element and circuit board for mounting a light-emitting element that includes it, and light-emitting element module |
CN111913337A (zh) * | 2019-05-09 | 2020-11-10 | 中强光电股份有限公司 | 波长转换元件及其制作方法 |
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