CN103121862A - Method for locally producing in-situ organic fertilizer in crop straw field and application - Google Patents
Method for locally producing in-situ organic fertilizer in crop straw field and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN103121862A CN103121862A CN2013100310446A CN201310031044A CN103121862A CN 103121862 A CN103121862 A CN 103121862A CN 2013100310446 A CN2013100310446 A CN 2013100310446A CN 201310031044 A CN201310031044 A CN 201310031044A CN 103121862 A CN103121862 A CN 103121862A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention provides a method for locally producing an in-situ organic fertilizer in a crop straw field and an application. The method is achieved by the following steps of: crushing crop straws when crops are harvested; adding suitable amount of livestock excrement, urea or ammonium sulfate; inoculating suitable amount of cellulose decomposing bacteria, lignin decomposing bacteria and the like; agitating uniformly and filling water; keeping a field wet state for about 14 days in summer and about 12 days in autumn; and rapidly changing the crop straws into a high-quality organic fertilizer in farmland soil by biological catalytic conversion. Then grains and vegetables can be planted and environmental pollution is avoided; air pollution caused by combusting the crop straws is solved, the problem that organic matters of the farmland soil are reduced is solved, and the soil fertility is improved, so that the development of ecological agriculture is promoted; and the method is simple and feasible, saves the one-time huge investment of commercial production, saves energy and reduces emission, greatly reduces the labor intensity and solves the problems of long-distance transportation, secondary pollution and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agrotechnique and field of environment protection, particularly the methods and applications of a kind of crop straw field production original position on the spot fertilizer.
Background technology
Within 2009, National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Agriculture dispatch a joint document, require various places to accelerate to promote stalk comprehensive utilization work, progressively form the benign cycle that stalk resource develops, realize stalk commercialization and resource utilization, promote resource-conserving and pro-environmental society.China's agricultural crop straw quantity is large, kind is many, distribution is wide, is the main life fuel of Chinese rural, draught animal feed and organic fertilizer, and small part is as industrial raw material and edible mushrooms base-material.But stalk comprehensive utilization still exists that utilization ratio is low, industrial chain is short and the problem such as industrial pattern is unreasonable.National Development and Reform Committee and the Ministry of Agriculture require various places to strengthen the planning guidance, take province as unit establishment stalk resource comprehensive utilization Long-and Medium-term Development planning, according to the resource distribution situation, rationally determine the developing goal of the different purposes of stalk, consider the requirements such as comprehensive utilization project and industrial pattern as a whole.Above-mentioned two departments emphasize, the support on policy dynamics will be strengthened in each department, the performance market forces.According to " overall planning, give top priority to what is the most important; Take into account local conditions and give detailed guidance; Science and technology support, the pilot demonstration; Support on policy, public participation " fundamental principle, actively push forward stalk comprehensive utilization work.In the annual 700000000 tons of stalks of China, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content reach respectively more than 300 ten thousand tons, 700,000 tons, 7,000,000 tons, are equivalent to 25% of the current applying quantity of chemical fertilizer in the whole nation, are important organic fertilizer resources.Greatly develop stalk fertilizer, be conducive to alleviate china natural resources energy shortage contradiction, promote the Agro-ecology balance, build the modern agriculture of efficient ecological.Whole nation family more than 10000 of total all kinds of organic fertilizer production producer, produce about 7,000 ten thousand tons of feces of livestock and poultry fertilizer every year at present, consumes about 1,000 ten thousand tons of stalk.There are 7.5 hundred million tons of crop materials in the whole nation every year, burns about 300,000,000 tons of the direct simple also field of production fertilizer and stalk, also has about 4.5 hundred million tons of stalks not take full advantage of.China has ploughs 1,800,000,000 mu, 2,000,000,000 mu, low yield and saline-alkali soil, and shortage of land resource, grain security is on the hazard constantly.Increase the soil organism and soil ulmin, to improveing soil, increase soil fertility, promote plant growth, ensureing that the grain-supply meaning is very great.But, the crop straws for producing fertilizer only has a seldom part at present, it is main because agricultural crop straw is collected the transportation difficulty, operational difficulty when plant produced becomes fertilizer, need very large storehouse to pile up raw material and finished product, the finished product fertilizer of production needs again to be transported to field, and has secondary pollution in production process, consume energy, therefore do not meet requirement and the trend of domestic and international energy-saving and emission-reduction.At field production original position on the spot fertilizer, can save the huge one-time investment of setting up Organic Fertilizer Plants when crop harvesting, reduce secondary pollution, energy-saving and emission-reduction, saving is transported, is stored in a warehouse, uses cost greatly, simple and easy to do, has both solved the pollution that farm crop are burned, solve again the use of agriculture fertilizer, increase the soil organism simultaneously, increase soil fertility, promote agriculture production, improve crops quality, meet the requirement of agricultural sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
the technical problem solved:the present invention is directed to a large amount of agricultural crop straws and can not correctly process in time the problem that causes air and water pollution and the wasting of resources, develop a kind of simple method, method and the application of a kind of agricultural crop straw at field production original position on the spot fertilizer are provided, this method is after crop harvesting, crops stalk crushing is become to the grass section, add feces of livestock and poultry and urea, ammonium sulfate, unslaked lime, wood is mould, mould, aspergillus, actinomycetes, hair lattice lid bacterium, streptomycete, Arthrobacter, pseudomonas, Xanthomonas campestris etc., the soil in-situ fertilizer of making in field mixed fermentation, apply farmland as base manure, Planting Crops, Development of Organic Agriculture and the ecological agriculture, improvement and raising soil productivity, promote plant growth, environmental contamination reduction, energy-saving and emission-reduction, improve crop quality, improve crop yield, increase the peasant economy benefit.
technical scheme:the method of a kind of crop straw field production original position on the spot fertilizer, production stage is: in crop harvesting season, in the time of the harvesting agricultural crop straw, on the spot crops stalk crushing is become to the long grass section of 0.1-5cm in farmland; Amount by agricultural crop straw quality 15-100% adds feces of livestock and poultry, evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields in the surface, field; Add 1-10 kg urea or 2-20 kilo sulfuric acid ammonium by every 1000 kilograms of agricultural crop straws, and 0.1-1 kilogram of raw lime, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in the soil table; By every 1000 gram agricultural crop straws spread fertilizer over the fields the finished product fermented in advance or the wood of directly buying the commodity microbial preparation mould (
trichoderma sp.) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore, mould (
penicilium sp.) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore, aspergillus (
asperginus sp.) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore, actinomycetes (
actinomycetes) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 10-100 or spore, pick up the ears (
pleurotus sp.) 100-500 hundred million viable bacteria bodies or spore, streptomycete (
streptomyces sp.) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore, Arthrobacter (
arthurbacter sp.) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore, pseudomonas (
pseudomononas sp.) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore and Xanthomonas campestris (
xanthamonas sp) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore; Agricultural land soil is ploughed one time, make various materials mix thoroughly, and the farmland surface plough is flat; Pour water to farmland, make farmland soil table fully moistening, keep the agricultural land soil water content at 40-60%wt; In 12～15 days summers, in 20～22 days autumns, stalk changes into fertilizer through biocatalysis in field soil; Before kind of plant, agricultural land soil should be ploughed once again.
Described agricultural crop straw is wheat, paddy rice, corn or soybean stalk.
The application of the method for described crop straw field production original position on the spot fertilizer on plantation wheat, rape, paddy rice, corn, soybean and Peanut Crop.
beneficial effect:the present invention can be by the agricultural straw resource utilization, and field biocatalysis on the spot transforms production original position fertilizer, environmental contamination reduction, development modern ecological agricultural.
The present invention can by a large amount of crop straw fields on the spot biocatalysis change into the original position fertilizer in soil, greatly reduce the atmospheric pollution of peasant's crop straw burning and arbitrarily disposed the water pollution that stalk and feces of livestock and poultry cause, the original position fertilizer of producing can be improved agricultural land soil, improve the soil organism and fertility, promote plant growth, be conducive to development and the agricultural sustainable development of the ecological agriculture.
The following beneficial effect that the present invention has compared to existing technology:
1) agricultural straw resource adopted in the present invention utilizes technology, and method is easy, technology is simple, workable, with low cost, practical.
2) agricultural straw resource that the present invention adopts utilizes technology, can by a large amount of agricultural crop straws in field the original position fertilizer of biocatalysis in being converted into soil on the spot, increase soil fertility and productivity, promote plant growth, greatly reduce the environmental pollution that agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry cause.
3) the present invention adopts crop straw field production original position on the spot fertilizer, except the environmental pollution that can solve agricultural crop straw, can also greatly reduce the disposable investment of organic commercial fertilizer, increases farmers' income.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the impact of the original position organic fertilizer production paddy rice of wheat stalk making.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with example, the invention will be further described:
embodiment 1:
1. after the wheat stalk results, straw powder is broken into to the long stalk section of about 1cm;
2. spread fertilizer over the fields the unslaked lime of feces of livestock and poultry and 0.01% in field by the amount of wheat stalk quality 15%;
3. every 1000 kilograms of wheat stalks add 1 kg urea, commodity microbial preparation wood mould 10,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies (or spore), 10,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of mould (or spore), 10,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of aspergillus (or spore), 1,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of actinomycetes (or spore), hair lattice lid bacterium 10,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies (or spore), 10,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of streptomycete (or spore), 10,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of Arthrobacter (or spore), 10,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of 10,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of pseudomonas (or spore) and Xanthomonas campestris (or spore), mix thoroughly, pour water, keep the field soil water content at 40%wt,
4. after 14 days summers, wheat stalk transforms and becomes fertilizer through biocatalysis;
5. plough soil, then mend sealing fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer and make base manure, rice cultivation.
?
embodiment 2:
1. after the rice straw results, straw powder is broken into to the long stalk section of about 1cm;
2. spread fertilizer over the fields the unslaked lime of feces of livestock and poultry and 0.02% in field by the amount of rice straw quality 35%;
3. every 1000 kg water rice straws add 5 kg urea, commodity microbial preparation wood mould 30,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies (or spore), 30,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of mould (or spore), 30,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of aspergillus (or spore), 3,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of actinomycetes (or spore), hair lattice lid bacterium 30,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies (or spore), 30,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of streptomycete (or spore), 30,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of Arthrobacter (or spore), 30,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of 30,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of pseudomonas (or spore) and Xanthomonas campestris (or spore), mix thoroughly, pour water, keep the field soil water content 50%,
4. after 21 days autumns, rice straw transforms and becomes fertilizer through biocatalysis;
5. plough soil, then mend sealing fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer and make base manure, the plantation wheat.
?
embodiment 3
1. after the wheat stalk results, straw powder is broken into to the long stalk section of about 1cm;
2. spread fertilizer over the fields the unslaked lime of feces of livestock and poultry and 0.05% in field by the amount of wheat stalk quality 50%;
3. every 1000 kilograms of wheat stalks add 10 kilo sulfuric acid ammoniums, commodity microbial preparation wood mould 60,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies (or spore), 60,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of mould (or spore), 60,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of aspergillus (or spore), 6,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of actinomycetes (or spore), hair lattice lid bacterium 60,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies (or spore), 60,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of streptomycete (or spore), 60,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of Arthrobacter (or spore), 60,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of 60,000,000,000 viable bacteria bodies of pseudomonas (or spore) and Xanthomonas campestris (or spore), mix thoroughly, pour water, keep the field soil water content 60%,
4. after 14 days summers, wheat stalk transforms and becomes fertilizer through biocatalysis;
5. plough soil, then mend sealing fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer and make base manure, maize planting.
?
application example of the present invention:
Plantation by the technology of the present invention for wheat, paddy rice, corn, peanut, rape, vegetables.
1, with reference to embodiment 1, after harvesting wheat is processed, plant paddy rice, after results, with not adopting the contrast field of present technique to compare, save 50 yuan/mu of production costs, increasing production of rice 12%, the soil organism increases 55%(Fig. 1);
2,, with reference to embodiment 2, after rice harves is processed, the plantation wheat, after the Second Year results, with not adopting the contrast field of present technique to compare, save 30 yuan/mu of production costs, wheat increase yield 7%, and the soil organism increases by 35%;
3,, with reference to embodiment 3, after harvesting wheat is processed, maize planting, after results, with not adopting the contrast field of present technique to compare, save 45 yuan/mu of production costs, corn yield increasing 14%, and the soil organism increases by 27%.
Claims (3)
1. the method for crop straw field production original position on the spot fertilizer is characterized in that production stage is:
A. in crop harvesting season, in the time of the harvesting agricultural crop straw, on the spot crops stalk crushing is become to the long grass section of 0.1-5cm in farmland;
B. the amount by agricultural crop straw quality 15-100% adds feces of livestock and poultry, evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields in the surface, field;
C. add 1-10 kg urea or 2-20 kilo sulfuric acid ammonium by every 1000 kilograms of agricultural crop straws, and 0.1-1 kilogram of raw lime, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in the soil table;
D. spread fertilizer over the fields by every 1000 gram agricultural crop straws the finished product fermented in advance or the wood of directly buying the commodity microbial preparation mould (
trichoderma sp.) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore, mould (
penicilium sp.) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore, aspergillus (
asperginus sp.) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore, actinomycetes (
actinomycetes) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 10-100 or spore, pick up the ears (
pleurotus sp.) 100-500 hundred million viable bacteria bodies or spore, streptomycete (
streptomyces sp.) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore, Arthrobacter (
arthurbacter sp.) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore, pseudomonas (
pseudomononas sp.) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore and Xanthomonas campestris (
xanthamonas sp) hundred million viable bacteria bodies of 100-1000 or spore;
E. agricultural land soil is ploughed one time, make various materials mix thoroughly, and the farmland surface plough is flat;
F. pour water to farmland, make farmland soil table fully moistening, keep the agricultural land soil water content at 40-60%wt; In 12～15 days summers, in 20～22 days autumns, stalk changes into fertilizer through biocatalysis in field soil; Before kind of plant, agricultural land soil should be ploughed once again.
2. the method for crop straw field according to claim 1 production original position on the spot fertilizer, is characterized in that described agricultural crop straw is wheat, paddy rice, corn or soybean stalk.
3. the application of the method for the described crop straw field of claim 1 production original position on the spot fertilizer on plantation wheat, rape, paddy rice, corn, soybean and Peanut Crop.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104285532A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-21 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Reclamated slope purple soil rapid fertilizing method |
| CN104782379A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-07-22 | 江西省农业科学院作物研究所 | Simplified cultivation method for planting autumn soybeans by means of autumn vacant field |
| CN105060974A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Fertilizer transforming returning method for straws |
| CN106116772A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-16 | 华中农业大学 | The Fertilizer Transformed Application way that becomes thoroughly decomposed is concentrated in straw field |
| CN106336256A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-01-18 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | General method for in-situ rapid decomposition of southern crop straw |
| CN108059508A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-22 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of new rice field dedicated fertilizer and its method of administration |
| CN109618834A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-04-16 | 颍上县恒远种植专业合作社 | A kind of wheat planting method |
| CN109956769A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-07-02 | 中鼎特金秦皇岛科技股份有限公司 | A kind of stalk pocket type compost maturity method and device on the spot |
| CN110089391A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-08-06 | 天地成微生物技术(北京)有限公司 | A kind of intelligent soil plate of stalk and preparation method |
| CN111886958A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-06 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for returning straw to field intensively on deep fertile plough layer |
| CN112205110A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-12 | 朱倩心 | Method for planting crops by utilizing self-made ecological organic fertilizer |
| CN115108864A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-09-27 | 吉林省经济管理干部学院(吉林经济职业技术学院、吉林省电子信息技师学院、北方企业管理培训中心、吉林省农业干部培训中心) | Fertilizer beneficial to cyclic utilization of environmental resources and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102887748A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2013-01-23 | 镇江市丹徒区宝堰镇小康猪场 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by pig manure and straws |
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| JP2008050241A (en) * | 2006-08-23 | 2008-03-06 | Tetsushi Fujita | Woody organic material |
| CN101397224A (en) * | 2007-09-29 | 2009-04-01 | 孟桂娟 | Formula for cultivation of bisporous mushroom by stalk and preparation method thereof |
| CN101613222A (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2009-12-30 | 郑州大学 | A kind of tobacco stalk organic fertilizer and manufacturing thereof, using method |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104285532A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-21 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Reclamated slope purple soil rapid fertilizing method |
| CN104782379A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-07-22 | 江西省农业科学院作物研究所 | Simplified cultivation method for planting autumn soybeans by means of autumn vacant field |
| CN105060974A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Fertilizer transforming returning method for straws |
| CN106116772A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-16 | 华中农业大学 | The Fertilizer Transformed Application way that becomes thoroughly decomposed is concentrated in straw field |
| CN106336256A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-01-18 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | General method for in-situ rapid decomposition of southern crop straw |
| CN108059508A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-22 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of new rice field dedicated fertilizer and its method of administration |
| CN110089391A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-08-06 | 天地成微生物技术(北京)有限公司 | A kind of intelligent soil plate of stalk and preparation method |
| CN109618834A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-04-16 | 颍上县恒远种植专业合作社 | A kind of wheat planting method |
| CN109956769A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-07-02 | 中鼎特金秦皇岛科技股份有限公司 | A kind of stalk pocket type compost maturity method and device on the spot |
| CN112205110A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-12 | 朱倩心 | Method for planting crops by utilizing self-made ecological organic fertilizer |
| CN111886958A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-06 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for returning straw to field intensively on deep fertile plough layer |
| CN115108864A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-09-27 | 吉林省经济管理干部学院(吉林经济职业技术学院、吉林省电子信息技师学院、北方企业管理培训中心、吉林省农业干部培训中心) | Fertilizer beneficial to cyclic utilization of environmental resources and preparation method and application thereof |
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