A kind of Penaeus Vannmei is anti-stress be without meal compound feed and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to the aquatic feeds field, being specifically related to that a kind of Penaeus Vannmei is anti-stress be without meal compound feed and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Penaeus Vannmei (
Penaeus Vannamei) be under the jurisdiction of Arthropoda, Crustachia, Decapoda, Penaeidae, Penaeus, also referred to as Penaeus vannamei, Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low etc.Penaeus Vannmei originates in waters, pacific rim, America, mainly is distributed in Peru the north to the Gulf of Mexico littoral, and is the most concentrated with the littoral distribution of Ecuador.Be all three the highest large good shrimp species of world's cultured output with Penaeus monodon, Chinese prawn.Owing to having fast growth, adapting to that salinity range is wide, premunition strong, contain the advantages such as the meat amount is high, nutritive value is high, now become the prawn kind that China's prawn culturing area is maximum, output is the highest.
In recent years, the culture fishery development, especially along with the rise of prawn industry, the demand of feed fish meal is increasing, and fish meal output can not satisfy the Production requirement of feedstuff industry, and the fish meal price is sustainable growth trend year by year.Litopenaeus vannamei compound feed uses the fish meal of the even higher consumption of 20-30% to satisfy the prawn nutritional need usually in the market, the penaeus vannamei boone feed price is also surging and lasting soaring with the fish meal price, therefore demand developing suitable protein sources Peru Fish Dietary urgently, with the pressure of alleviation aquaculture to the fish meal demand, and reduce aquaculture cost.
Along with the raising of culture of Penaeus vannamei scale, intensive culture degree, a large amount of stress factor that occur in breeding process (as nutrition, crowded, environmental change etc.) cause that the metabolic disorder of shrimp body, premunition descend, easily popular and outburst of disease.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to according to above shortcomings in prior art, provide a kind of Penaeus Vannmei of Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability, enhancing Penaeus Vannmei immunity, raising cultivation survival rate that can improve without meal compound feed.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
Penaeus Vannmei of the present invention is anti-stress be without meal compound feed, comprises that shrimp med, chicken meal, powder of pork, dried silkworm chrysalis meal, beef liver powder, shrimp shell meal, brewer's yeast, fermented bean dregs, peanut cake, flour, fish oil, soya-bean oil, soybean lecithin oil, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, prawn premix, Chinese herbal medicine compound resisting stress additive.In feed, the demand of protein, energy, vitamin and mineral matter all adopts prior art.
Particularly, Penaeus Vannmei of the present invention is anti-stress be without meal compound feed, in air dry matter amount percentage, formed by following component: shrimp med 7-13%, chicken meal 7-9%, powder of pork 9-12%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 4-5%, beef liver powder 4-6%, shrimp shell meal 5-6%, brewer's yeast 3-6%, fermented bean dregs 9-10%, peanut cake 9-12%, flour 24-27%, fish oil 1-1.5%, soya-bean oil 1-1.5%, soybean lecithin oil 1.5-2%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-1.5%, prawn premix 2%, Chinese herbal medicine compound anti-stress additive 0.3%;
Wherein, described Chinese herbal medicine compound anti-stress composition by following component according to the mass percent meter by additive: the Radix Astragali 29%, spina date seed 23%, wilsonii 18%, vitamin C 17%, vitamin E 8%, astaxanthin 5%.
As a kind of preferred version, described Penaeus Vannmei is anti-stress be without meal compound feed, in air dry matter amount percentage, formed by following component: shrimp med 10%, chicken meal 9%, powder of pork 9%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 4%, beef liver powder 5%, shrimp shell meal 5.7%, brewer's yeast 5%, fermented bean dregs 10%, peanut cake 9%, flour 26%, fish oil 1%, soya-bean oil 1.5%, soybean lecithin oil 1.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1%, prawn premix 2%, Chinese herbal medicine compound anti-stress additive 0.3%.
As a kind of preferred version, described prawn premix is comprised of following component according to the mass percent meter: B B-complex 0.5%, and composite mineral salt .5%, mould inhibitor 0.05%, antioxidant 0.01%, choline 0.15%, salt 0.2%, all the other are powdered rice hulls.Wherein, described B B-complex, composite mineral salt, mould inhibitor, antioxidant etc. are this area material commonly used.
Penaeus Vannmei of the present invention is anti-stress be proportionally to mix after described raw material is pulverized without the preparation method of meal compound feed, after pulverizing through micronizer, by 80 mesh sieves, making through shrimp material machinery granulate, slaking, after cooling that Penaeus Vannmei is anti-stress be without meal compound feed; Wherein, described Chinese herbal medicine is compound anti-preparation method that stress additive after each component is mixed, pulverize with micronizer, then by 300 mesh sieves, and get final product.
Compare with common penaeus vannamei boone feed, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) select the higher animal protein source of Penaeus Vannmei digestibility (shrimp med, chicken meal, powder of pork etc.) and vegetable protein source (fermented bean dregs and peanut cake) that albumen is provided in feed formula of the present invention, do not use fish meal, significantly reduce feed cost; Theoretical according to amino acid balance, by being reasonably combined between plurality of raw materials, amino acid does not need additionally to add the effect that crystal amino acid can play Fast Growth, and the feed formula cost is lower.
(2) mixed feed comprehensive nutrition of the present invention, can satisfy the Penaeus Vannmei nutritional need, and feed attractant and palatability problem have fully been taken into account, do not use squid visceral meal, squid powder, cuttlefish cream, (cadmium can damage liver to the raw material of the easy cadmiums of this class such as squid cream, kidney, bone, immune system, reproductive system also had obvious toxicity), heavy metal cadmium in the reduction feed causes Penaeus Vannmei stress, select the shrimp med with attractant, silkworm chrysalis, the beef liver powder, brewer's yeast, the shrimp shell meal material matching uses, the strong good palatability of feed attractant, Penaeus Vannmei happiness food.
(3) the preferred bulk raw material of the present invention, add in feed simultaneously Chinese herbal medicine compound anti-stress additive, improve the Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability, can effectively alleviate Penaeus Vannmei due to there was an abrupt change in weather, water temperature sudden change, water quality mutation, cultivation density are too high, frighten, reload etc. cause stress, improve the cultivation survival rate.
(4) the present invention not only can improve the Penaeus Vannmei anti-stress ability; effectively improve the cultivation survival rate of Penaeus Vannmei; improve the output of Penaeus Vannmei; and can also reduce feed coefficient; and the existing feed cost of feed ratio of the present invention is low; raiser's fanning economics be can improve, Penaeus Vannmei scale and sustainable cultivation needs adapted to.
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but embodiment does not do any type of restriction to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Penaeus Vannmei is anti-stress be without meal compound feed, in air dry matter amount percentage, comprise following component: shrimp med 13%, chicken meal 9%, powder of pork 10%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 4%, beef liver powder 4%, shrimp shell meal 5%, brewer's yeast 3%, fermented bean dregs 9.7%, peanut cake 8%, flour 27%, fish oil 1%, soya-bean oil 1%, soybean lecithin oil 2%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1%, prawn premix 2%, Chinese herbal medicine anti-stress complex 0.3%.Contain crude protein 39.88%, crude fat 9.77% in the present embodiment, composition proportion is reasonable, satisfies the Penaeus Vannmei nutritional need.
Adopt the present embodiment and existing litopenaeus vannamei compound feed to carry out large pool contrast test.Compare test inhabitants in Xiaoshan Yi Nong 13, town raiser in April, 2012, the average feed coefficient 1.24 of control group, cultivation survival rate 68.4%, 2160 yuan of mu profits; The average feed coefficient 1.10 of the present embodiment, cultivation survival rate 73.7%, 2996 yuan of mu profits.Feed coefficient reduces by 0.14, and the cultivation survival rate improves 5.3%, and the mu profit improves 836 yuan.
It is the described mixed feed of embodiment 1 in 201210165300.6 Chinese invention patent applications that the control group feed adopts application number, control group crude protein content of feed 40.55%, crude fat 8.80%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Penaeus Vannmei is anti-stress be without meal compound feed, in air dry matter amount percentage, comprise following component: shrimp med 7%, chicken meal 8%, powder of pork 11%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 4%, beef liver powder 6%, shrimp shell meal 6%, brewer's yeast 5.2%, fermented bean dregs 9%, peanut cake 12%, flour 24%, fish oil 1.5%, soya-bean oil 1%, soybean lecithin oil 1.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%, prawn premix 2%, Chinese herbal medicine anti-stress complex 0.3%.Contain crude protein 39.85%, crude fat 9.85% in the present embodiment, composition proportion is reasonable, satisfies the Penaeus Vannmei nutritional need.
Adopt the present embodiment and existing litopenaeus vannamei compound feed to carry out large pool contrast test.High-density breeding 16 in Haikou City Changjiang County Chang Hua town of in June, 2012 family compares test, the average feed coefficient 1.24 of control group, cultivation survival rate 67.1%, 24171 yuan of mu profits; The average feed coefficient 1.16 of the present embodiment, cultivation survival rate 75.3%, 27032 yuan of mu profits.Feed coefficient reduces by 0.08, and the cultivation survival rate improves 8.2%, and the mu profit improves 2861 yuan.
The control group feed is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Penaeus Vannmei is anti-stress be without meal compound feed, in air dry matter amount percentage, comprise following component: shrimp med 8%, chicken meal 7%, powder of pork 12%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 5%, beef liver powder 4%, shrimp shell meal 6%, brewer's yeast 6%, fermented bean dregs 10%, peanut cake 10%, flour 24.7%, fish oil 1%, soya-bean oil 1%, soybean lecithin oil 2%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1%, prawn premix 2%, Chinese herbal medicine anti-stress complex 0.3%.Contain crude protein 40.03%, crude fat 9.81% in the present embodiment, composition proportion is reasonable, satisfies the Penaeus Vannmei nutritional need.
Adopt the present embodiment and existing litopenaeus vannamei compound feed to carry out large pool contrast test.High-density breeding 24 in Jiangmen city Xinhui District Muzhou town of in July, 2012 family compares test, the average feed coefficient 1.15 of control group, cultivation survival rate 72.9%, 9825 yuan of mu profits; The average feed coefficient 0.96 of the present embodiment, cultivation survival rate 81.3%, 10968 yuan of mu profits.Feed coefficient reduces by 0.19, and the cultivation survival rate improves 8.4%, and the mu profit improves 1143 yuan.
The control group feed is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Penaeus Vannmei is anti-stress be without meal compound feed, in air dry matter amount percentage, comprise following component: shrimp med 10%, chicken meal 9%, powder of pork 9%, dried silkworm chrysalis meal 4%, beef liver powder 5%, shrimp shell meal 5.7%, brewer's yeast 5%, fermented bean dregs 10%, peanut cake 9%, flour 26%, fish oil 1%, soya-bean oil 1.5%, soybean lecithin oil 1.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1%, prawn premix 2%, Chinese herbal medicine anti-stress complex 0.3%.Contain crude protein 39.88%, crude fat 9.68% in the present embodiment, composition proportion is reasonable, satisfies the Penaeus Vannmei nutritional need.
Adopt the present embodiment and existing litopenaeus vannamei compound feed to carry out large pool contrast test.In November, 2012,18 winter canopy raisers compared test in plate cottonrose hibiscus town, Zhongshan city, the average feed coefficient 1.16 of control group, cultivation survival rate 69.4%, 7874 yuan of mu profits; The average feed coefficient 1.07 of the present embodiment, cultivation survival rate 78.3%, 9218 yuan of mu profits.Feed coefficient reduces by 0.09, and the cultivation survival rate improves 8.9%, and the mu profit improves 1344 yuan.
The control group feed is with embodiment 1.