CN103084930B - 带有y轴的机床 - Google Patents

带有y轴的机床 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103084930B
CN103084930B CN201210417139.7A CN201210417139A CN103084930B CN 103084930 B CN103084930 B CN 103084930B CN 201210417139 A CN201210417139 A CN 201210417139A CN 103084930 B CN103084930 B CN 103084930B
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tool
machine tool
workpiece
axis
machine
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CN103084930A (zh
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N·黑斯布吕根
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EMAG Holding GmbH
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EMAG Holding GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/64—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by the purpose of the movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
    • B23B3/16—Turret lathes for turning individually-chucked workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
    • B23F23/12—Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
    • B23F23/1237—Tool holders
    • B23F23/1243—Hob holders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/48—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs
    • B23Q1/4876—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed parallelly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15706—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a single tool being inserted in a spindle directly from a storage device, i.e. without using transfer devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
    • B23B3/06—Turning-machines or devices characterised only by the special arrangement of constructional units
    • B23B3/065—Arrangements for performing other machining operations, e.g. milling, drilling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
    • B23B3/08—Turning-machines characterised by the use of faceplates
    • B23B3/10—Turning-machines characterised by the use of faceplates with the faceplate horizontal, i.e. vertical boring and turning machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
    • B23F23/02—Loading, unloading or chucking arrangements for workpieces
    • B23F23/04—Loading or unloading arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
    • B23F5/20—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling
    • B23F5/24—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by milling the tool being a hob for making bevel gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/48—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs
    • B23Q1/4852—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B23Q1/623—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B23Q1/625—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair followed parallelly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/1578—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools for tool transfer in a machine tool with a horizontal and a vertical spindle; for tool transfer in a machine tool with a spindle having variable orientation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/04—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of grippers
    • B23Q7/047—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of grippers the gripper supporting the workpiece during machining
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5104—Type of machine
    • Y10T29/5109—Lathe
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5176—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling including machining means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/10—Gear cutting
    • Y10T409/101431—Gear tooth shape generating
    • Y10T409/10159—Hobbing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/306664—Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
    • Y10T409/307672—Angularly adjustable cutter head
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/30784—Milling including means to adustably position cutter
    • Y10T409/307952—Linear adjustment
    • Y10T409/308232—Linear adjustment and angular adjustment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1702—Rotating work machine tool [e.g., screw machine, lathe, etc.]
    • Y10T483/1705—Tool support comprises rotary spindle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1733—Rotary spindle machine tool [e.g., milling machine, boring, machine, grinding machine, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1733—Rotary spindle machine tool [e.g., milling machine, boring, machine, grinding machine, etc.]
    • Y10T483/179—Direct tool exchange between spindle and matrix
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1733—Rotary spindle machine tool [e.g., milling machine, boring, machine, grinding machine, etc.]
    • Y10T483/179—Direct tool exchange between spindle and matrix
    • Y10T483/1793—Spindle comprises tool changer
    • Y10T483/1795—Matrix indexes selected tool to transfer position
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2511—Vertical
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2514—Lathe with work feeder or remover

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
  • Gear Processing (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种机床（1），其用于通过刀具（16）加工被旋转驱动的工件（15），所述机床包括带有两个彼此间隔开的、平行的侧壁（19、19′）的机架（2），其中，在所述机架（2）上在平面“E”内沿两个彼此垂直的方向（X、Z）可移动地设置有马达轴（9）；还包括下部的滑座（20），该滑座在所述机架（2）上可以沿垂直于所述平面“E”的方向（Y）运动，并且其中，该滑座（20）具有两个侧向的横梁（29、29′），并且所述横梁（29、29′）在所述两个侧壁（19、19′）的每一个上通过导向机构（21、21′）引导，并且为了使所述滑座（20）运动设置有至少一个驱动装置（26、26′），该驱动装置与两个横梁（29、29′）作用连接。

Description

带有Y轴的机床
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于加工被旋转驱动的工件的、带有Y轴的机床。
背景技术
在现有技术中这样的机床是众所周知的。DE 10 2007 051 375 A1公开了一种带有刀具转塔刀架、滚铣单元和垂直的主轴的加工机器。作业机组设置在机架的垂直的前壁上。刀具转塔刀架和滚铣单元能够在十字滑座上垂直和水平移动。另外滚铣轴具有枢转轴(B轴)和移位轴并且可以附加地沿第三方向(Y轴)移动。沿Y轴方向的导向装置设置在机架的垂直的壁前。由此不可避免地产生从旋转轴至机架壁的较大的间距，该间距对力流和机器刚性产生负面影响。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，提供一种机床，其具有紧凑的结构和提高的机器刚性。这个目的通过一种机床得以实现，该机床用于通过刀具加工被旋转驱动的工件，所述机床包括：带有彼此间隔开的、平行的两个侧壁的机架，其中，在所述机架上在平面“E”内沿两个彼此垂直的方向可移动地设置有马达轴，其特征在于：在机架的下侧的部分中沿Y轴的方向可移动地设置有带有刀具的U形的滑座，该滑座在侧边设置有横梁，这些横梁在侧壁上在水平的导向机构中是可运动的，该滑座在这些导向机构能沿垂直于所述平面“E”的方向运动，并且所述刀具设置在工件与滑座之间。
根据本发明的有益的观点，在机架的平行的、彼此相对的侧壁上的“U”字的两侧的横梁上、在导轨上可运动地引导有一U形的、沿机器坐标系统的Y轴方向可移动的滑座。用于使所述滑座定位的驱动力特别有益地通过两个横梁对称地引入。在机架的前壁上，在上侧部分中设置有用于马达轴的竖直滑座。通过这种设置结构，总体上并且专门地还为Y轴的机组实现了对称的力流。这一点对机器刚性产生特别积极的影响。机床能够有益地按照捡拾原理(Pick-Up-Prinzip)作业。在此，带有用于工件的夹盘的马达轴可以悬挂地在竖直滑座上沿水平方向(X轴)移动。为了装载和卸载，马达轴驶入装料或者存放位置。在滑座(Y轴)上设置有用于铣、磨、滚动研磨或珩磨的被旋转驱动的刀具。由于高的机器刚性，机床特别出色地适合于精加工诸如磨或珩磨。然而它同样可以有益地用于精密的铣削加工。在手动装载的机器中工件轴被竖立地设置在滑座上并且沿Y方向可移动，而马达轴为了容纳刀具而悬挂地在竖直滑座上从加工位置可移动进入刀具更换位置。
附图说明
下文将参照实施例进一步阐述本发明。附图中：
图1为用于滚铣的机床的前视图；
图2为按照图1所示的机床的剖视图；
图3为带有竖立的工件轴的机床。
具体实施方式
图1示出的是用于滚铣的机床1的示意图。机架2设计成具有正方形横截面的柱并且具有竖直的侧壁19、19′以及带有用于竖直滑座5的竖直的导向装置4的、同样竖直的前壁3。该竖直滑座由马达6和滚珠丝杠7数字控制而沿Z轴的方向运动。在竖直滑座5上安置有水平的导向装置8。在该水平的导向装置上，马达轴9沿X轴的方向是可移动的。导向装置8在侧边延伸伸出作业空间，从而使马达轴9可以由马达10通过滚珠丝杠11从加工位置18移动到直接在运输装置17上方的装料和存放位置11、12中。马达轴9按照捡拾原理作业并且在其下侧带有夹盘14用于抓取、夹紧和驱动工件15。在机架2的下侧的部分中沿Y轴的方向可移动地设置有带有刀具16的U形的滑座20。该滑座20在侧边设置有横梁29、29′。这些横梁在侧壁19、19′上在水平的导向机构21、21′中是可运动的。作为导向机构21、21′，在横梁29、29′上固定有导轨，这些导轨容纳在侧壁19、19′上的附属的导向爪33中。也可以反过来将导向爪33设置在横梁29、29′上并且将导向装置设置在侧壁上。刀具16设计成滚铣刀。为了加工斜齿，该滚铣刀围绕C轴27可枢转地支承在滑座20中。另外为了实施移位运动可以沿移位轴28推移该滚铣刀。为了支撑波形的(wellenfoermig)工件16设置有后顶针座25。图2示出的是机床沿A-A线的剖视图。在机架2的侧壁29、29′上示出作为导向机构21、21′的导轨，在这些导轨上，滑座20在导向爪33中沿Y轴的方向可运动地引导。该运动由驱动装置26、26′实施，这些驱动装置包括两台带有滚珠丝杠的马达。通过对称的力流和导向机构21、21′的比较大的间距，借助于极好的导向状况(Fuehrungsverhaeltnis)而达到特别高的机器刚性。被设计为滚铣刀的刀具16与丝杠马达30一起围绕C轴27可枢转地支承在滑座20中。枢转马达31用作用于枢转运动的驱动装置。该枢转马达伸入机架2中的开口32。通过这种方式能够实现从刀具16至前壁3的尽可能小的间距。在按照图3所示的手动装载的机床中，工件轴22竖立地设置在滑座20上并且在该滑座上沿Y方向是可移动的。如在对图1和2的说明中那样，滑座20和竖直滑座5在机架2上可运动地设置在导向装置上。马达轴9被确定用于容纳刀具16并且悬挂地设置在竖直滑座5上。该马达轴配置有刀具库24。马达轴9可以从加工位置18移动进入刀具更换位置23。
附图标记列表
1 机床
2 机架
3 前壁
4 竖直的导向装置
5 竖直滑座
6 马达
7 滚珠丝杠
8 水平的导向装置
9 马达轴
10 马达
11 滚珠丝杠
12 装料位置
13 存放位置
14 夹盘
15 工件
16 刀具
17 运输装置
18 加工位置
19、19′ 侧壁
20 滑座
21、21′ 导向机构
22 工件轴
23 刀具更换位置
24 刀具库
25 后顶针座
26、26′ 驱动装置
27 C轴
28 移位轴
29、29′ 横梁
30 丝杠马达
31 枢转马达
32 开口
33 导向爪

Claims (8)

1.机床(1)，用于通过刀具(16)加工被旋转驱动的工件(15)，其特征在于：所述机床(1)包括机架(2)，该机架设计成具有正方形横截面的柱并且在柱的左右两侧带有彼此间隔开的、平行的且彼此相对的两个侧壁(19、19′)，在这些侧壁上设置有导轨，在导轨上可运动地引导有U形的、沿机器坐标系统的Y轴方向可移动的带有刀具的滑座，该滑座在两侧分别设置有一横梁(29、29′)，这些横梁在所述侧壁上的水平的导向机构(21、21′)中是可运动的，其中，用于使所述滑座定位的驱动力通过两个横梁对称地引入，其中，在机架的前壁上，在上侧部分中设置有用于马达轴(9)的垂直滑座，其中，所述刀具(16)设置在工件(15)与滑座(20)之间。
2.如权利要求1所述的机床(1)，其特征在于：所述马达轴(9)具有夹盘(14)用于抓取、容纳、驱动和放下工件(15)，其中，为了运输所述工件(15)设置有带装料位置(12)和存放位置(13)的运输装置(17)，所述马达轴(9)能从可加工所述工件(15)的加工位置(18)移动进入所述装料位置(12)和所述存放位置(13)。
3.如权利要求2所述的机床(1)，其特征在于：所述机床具有用于铣或磨的至少一个被旋转驱动的刀具(16)，所述刀具(16)围绕水平的C轴(27)可枢转地支承在所述滑座(20)上。
4.如权利要求3所述的机床(1)，其特征在于：所述机床用于制造和/或加工齿部，其中，在工件(15)与刀具(16)之间发生滚轧运动，所述工件(15)围绕该工件的中心轴线的转动与所述刀具(16)围绕该刀具的纵轴线的转动控制技术地相互耦联。
5.如权利要求4所述的机床(1)，其特征在于：所述刀具(16)被设计为滚铣刀并且为了实施相对于所述滑座(20)的移位运动而沿移位轴(28)的方向是可推移的。
6.如权利要求5所述的机床(1)，其特征在于：为了支撑所述工件(15)设置有后顶针座(25)。
7.如权利要求3所述的机床(1)，其特征在于：所述机床用于精加工切齿的工件(15)，作为刀具(16)设置有内切齿的珩磨轮。
8.如权利要求2所述的机床(1)，其特征在于：所述机床具有用于滚动研磨或珩磨的至少一个被旋转驱动的刀具(16)，所述刀具(16)围绕水平的C轴(27)可枢转地支承在所述滑座(20)上。
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