KR102072352B1 - A-축을 갖는 공작 기계 - Google Patents

A-축을 갖는 공작 기계 Download PDF

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KR102072352B1
KR102072352B1 KR1020130014035A KR20130014035A KR102072352B1 KR 102072352 B1 KR102072352 B1 KR 102072352B1 KR 1020130014035 A KR1020130014035 A KR 1020130014035A KR 20130014035 A KR20130014035 A KR 20130014035A KR 102072352 B1 KR102072352 B1 KR 102072352B1
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axis
tool
machine tool
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workpiece holder
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KR20130094237A (ko
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헬무트 슈스터
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에마크 홀딩 게엠베하
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/64—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by the purpose of the movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/48—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs
    • B23Q1/4852—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/48—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs
    • B23Q1/4852—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B23Q1/4857—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
    • B23Q1/62—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
    • B23Q1/621—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/15513—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling the tool being taken from a storage device and transferred to a tool holder by means of transfer devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15713—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15713—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle
    • B23Q3/1572—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means
    • B23Q3/15726—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means the storage means rotating or circulating in a plane parallel to the axis of the spindle
    • B23Q3/15733—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means the storage means rotating or circulating in a plane parallel to the axis of the spindle the axis of the stored tools being arranged in the rotating or circulating plane of the storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
    • B23B3/06—Turning-machines or devices characterised only by the special arrangement of constructional units
    • B23B3/065—Arrangements for performing other machining operations, e.g. milling, drilling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/03—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of endless chain conveyors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/04—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of grippers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5104—Type of machine
    • Y10T29/5109—Lathe
    • Y10T29/5114—Lathe and tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
    • Y10T409/305544—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
    • Y10T409/305656—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation
    • Y10T409/305824—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation with angular movement of work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/306664—Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
    • Y10T409/307672—Angularly adjustable cutter head
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
    • Y10T409/30—Milling
    • Y10T409/309576—Machine frame
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/16—Tool changing with means to transfer work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1702—Rotating work machine tool [e.g., screw machine, lathe, etc.]
    • Y10T483/1705—Tool support comprises rotary spindle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1702—Rotating work machine tool [e.g., screw machine, lathe, etc.]
    • Y10T483/1714—Tool changer between tool support and matrix
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T483/00—Tool changing
    • Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
    • Y10T483/1733—Rotary spindle machine tool [e.g., milling machine, boring, machine, grinding machine, etc.]
    • Y10T483/1748—Tool changer between spindle and matrix
    • Y10T483/1752—Tool changer between spindle and matrix including tool holder pivotable about axis
    • Y10T483/1755—Plural tool holders pivotable about common axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2511—Vertical
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2514—Lathe with work feeder or remover

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 공작물(15)들을 가공하기 위한 공작 기계(1)에 관한 것으로서, 상기 공작 기계는 서로 간격을 두고 배치된 2개의 평행한 측벽(19, 19')들 및 정면 벽(3)을 갖는 기계 프레임(2), 회전식으로 구동 가능한 공작물 홀더(9), 공구(16)들을 갖는 공작물 스핀들(26), 크로스 슬라이드(5), 수평 축을 중심으로 선회 가능한 링크(20)를 구비하며, 상기 크로스 슬라이드(5)는 상기 정면 벽(3)에서 수직 가이드(4)들을 따라서 (Z-축으로) 이동 가능하게 가이드 되고 수평 가이드(8)들을 구비하며, 상기 공작물 홀더(9) 및 상기 공작물 스핀들(26)은 상기 크로스 슬라이드(5)를 통해 평면 "E" 내부에서 서로 상대적으로 수평 방향(X-축) 및 수직 방향(Z-축)으로 이동 가능하게 가이드 되고, 상기 링크(20)는 상기 평면 "E"에 대하여 수직인 수평 방향(Y-축)으로 이동할 수 있으며, 상기 링크(20)는 2개의 측면 버팀대(23, 23')에서 A-축(13)을 중심으로 회전 가능하게 지지 되고, 상기 측면 버팀대(23, 23')들은 상기 2개의 측벽(19, 19') 각각에 위치한 가이드 레일(21, 21')들을 통하여 가이드 되며, 그리고 상기 링크(20)의 수평 이동을 위해 2개의 버팀대(23, 23')와 기능적으로 연결되는 적어도 하나의 구동 장치(25, 25')가 제공된다.

Description

A-축을 갖는 공작 기계 {MACHINE TOOL WITH A-AXIS}
본 발명은 회전식으로 구동하는 공작물들을 가공하기 위한 A-축을 갖는 공작 기계에 관한 것이다.
종래 기술에는 상기와 같은 유형의 공작 기계들이 공지되어 있다. DE 10 2005 039 818 A1호는 수직의 메인 스핀들(main spindle) 및 Y-축 방향으로 움직일 수 있고, 선회 축을 중심으로 선회할 수 있는 공구 캐리어(tool carrier)를 구비한 머시닝 센터(machining center)에 대해 기술하고 있다. 상기 공구 캐리어에서 크랭크형의 링크 내부에는 공구 스핀들이 지지 되어 있다. 저장소(magazine)의 공구들을 상기 공구 스핀들로 교환할 수 있기 위해서, 상기 링크는 공구 프레임 내부에서 한쪽 편에 지지 되어 있다.
본 발명의 과제는 콤팩트한 구조 및 개선된 기계 강성을 갖는 특허 청구항 1의 전제부에 따른 공작 기계를 제시하는 것이다.
상기 과제는 특허 청구항 1의 특징들을 갖는 장치에 의해서 해결된다. 바람직한 실시 예들은 종속항들의 대상이다.
본 발명의 한 가지 바람직한 양상에 따르면, 기계 좌표계의 Y-축 방향으로 움직일 수 있고, 서로 마주 놓인 평행한 기계 프레임의 측벽들에 있는 2개의 측면 버팀대를 구비한 링크는 가이드 레일들 상에서 이동 가능하게 가이드 된다. 상기 링크는 공구 스핀들 또는 공작물 홀더를 지지하고, A-축을 중심으로 한 선회 운동들을 발생시키기 위해 상기 버팀대들 내부에 회전 가능하게 지지 되었다. 특히 바람직하게는 슬라이드의 위치 설정을 위한 구동력이 상기 2개의 버팀대를 통해서 대칭적으로 도입된다. 이러한 배치에 의해서는 대칭적인 유속(flux)이 달성된다. 이와 같은 대칭적인 유속 달성은 기계 강성에 특히 긍정적으로 작용한다. 공작 기계는 바람직하게 픽업(pick up)-원리에 따라 작동할 수 있다. 이러한 경우 공작물들을 위한 조 척(jaw chuck)을 갖는 공작물 홀더는 크로스 슬라이드(cross slide)에 매달린 상태로 수평 및 수직 방향으로 움직일 수 있다. 로딩 및 언로딩하기 위해서는, 상기 공작물 홀더가 가공 위치로부터 적재 위치로 이동한다. 한 가지 추가 실시 예에서 공작물 홀더는 회전 테이블(rotary table)로 구현되어 링크 상에 배치되어 있는 반면에, 공구 스핀들은 크로스 슬라이드를 통해서 이동할 수 있다. 측면에는 공구 저장소 및 공구들을 교환하기 위한 공구 교환 장치가 제공될 수 있다. 크로스 슬라이드에서는 바람직하게 상기 회전 테이블을 로딩 및 언로딩하기 위한 그립퍼 핸드(gripper hand)가 움직일 수 있다. 높은 기계 강성으로 인하여, 상기 공작 기계는 고정밀 밀링 가공(milling)들 혹은 그라인딩(grinding) 또는 호닝(honing)에도 매우 우수하게 적합하다.
이하에서는 실시 예들을 참조하여 본 발명이 더욱 상세하게 설명된다.
도 1은 공작 기계의 정면도이고,
도 2는 도 1에 따른 공작 기계의 단면도이며, 그리고
도 3은 현가식 공구 스핀들을 구비한 공작 기계를 도시한 도면이다.
도 1은 공작 기계(1)를 개략도로 보여주고 있다. 기계 프레임(2)은 정방형의 횡단면을 갖는 기둥으로 구현되어 있고 수직의 측벽(19, 19')들 그리고 마찬가지로 크로스 슬라이드(5)용 수직 가이드(4)들을 구비한 수직의 정면 벽(3)을 갖는다. 상기 크로스 슬라이드는 모터(6) 및 볼 롤러 스핀들(7)에 의해서 숫자상으로 제어되는 방식으로 Z-축 방향으로 이동된다. 크로스 슬라이드(5)에는 수평 가이드(8)들이 설치되었다. 상기 수평 가이드들 상에서는 공작물 홀더(9)가 X-축 방향으로 움직일 수 있다. 상기 가이드들(8)이 측면에서 작업 공간보다 더 연장됨으로써, 결과적으로 공작물 홀더(9)는 모터(10)로부터 볼 롤러 스핀들(11)을 거쳐, 가공 위치(18)로부터 운반 장치(17) 바로 위에 있는 적재 위치(12)로 이동될 수 있다. 공작물 홀더(9)는 픽업-원리에 따라 작동하며, 자신의 하부 면에 공작물(15)들을 파지하여 고정한 다음 구동시키기 위한 조 척(14)을 갖는다. 기계 프레임(2)의 하부 파트에는 공구 스핀들(26) 및 공구(16)를 갖는 링크(20)가 Y-축 방향으로 이동 가능하게 배치되어 있다. 링크(20)는 측면에 제공된 버팀대(23, 23')들에서 A-축(13)을 중심으로 회전 가능하게 지지 되어 있다. 상기 버팀대(23, 23')들은 측벽(19, 19')들에 위치한 수평 가이드 레일(21, 21')들 상에서 이동이 가능하다. 가이드 레일(21, 21')들은 측벽(19, 19')들에 위치한 관련 가이드 슈(24)들 안으로 수용되었다. 반대로 가이드 슈(24)들은 버팀대(23, 23')들에도 배치될 수 있으며, 그리고 가이드 레일(21, 21')들은 측벽들에 배치될 수 있다. 공구(16)는 호브(hob)로 구현되었다.
도 2는 라인 A-A를 따라 절단한 공작 기계의 단면도를 보여주고 있다. 기계 프레임(2)의 측벽(19, 19')들에는 가이드 레일(21, 21')들이 도시되어 있으며, 상기 가이드 레일들 상에서는 가이드 슈(24)들 내에 있는 버팀대(23, 23')들이 Y-축 방향으로 이동 가능하게 가이드 된다. 이동 동작은 볼 롤러 스핀들을 갖는 2개의 모터로 이루어진 구동 장치(25, 25')들에 의해 실현된다. 호브로 구현된 공구(16)는 공구 스핀들(26)과 함께 링크(20) 상에 A-축(13)을 중심으로 선회 가능하게 지지 되어 있다. 선회 운동들을 위한 구동 장치로는 선회 모터(22)가 사용되며, 상기 선회 모터는 예를 들어 웜 기어(worm gear)를 통해서 선회 운동을 야기한다.
도 3에 따른 공작 기계의 경우, 공구 스핀들(26)은 크로스 슬라이드(5)에 매달린 상태로 배치되어 있다. 공작물(15)들을 수용하기 위해 링크(20)에는 회전 테이블(27)이 제공되었다. 로딩 및 언로딩 공정은, 크로스 슬라이드(5)에서 적재 위치(12)와 회전 테이블(27) 사이에서 이동할 수 있는 그립퍼 핸드(30)에 의해 이루어진다. 기계의 오른쪽 측면에는 공구 저장소(28)가 배치되어 있으며, 상기 공구 저장소는 예를 들어 체인 또는 디스크 저장소로 구현될 수 있다. 공구 교환 장치(29)는 필요할 경우 공구 스핀들(26) 내에 있는 공구(16)들을 교환한다.
대칭적인 유속 및 가이드 레일(21, 21')들의 상대적으로 큰 간격에 의해서는 매우 우수한 가이드 비율로 인해 특히 우수한 기계 강성이 달성된다.
1: 공작 기계 2: 기계 프레임
3: 정면 벽 4: 수직 가이드
5: 크로스 슬라이드 6: 모터
7: 볼 롤러 스핀들 8: 수평 가이드
9: 공작물 홀더 10: 모터
11: 볼 롤러 스핀들 12: 적재 위치
13: A-축 14: 조 척
15: 공작물 16: 공구
17: 운반 장치 18: 가공 위치
19, 19': 측벽 20: 링크
21, 21': 가이드 레일 22: 선회 모터
23, 23': 버팀대 24: 가이드 슈
25, 25': 구동 장치 26: 공구 스핀들
27: 회전 테이블 28: 공구 저장소
29: 공구 교환 장치 30: 그립퍼 핸드

Claims (5)

  1. 공작물(15)들을 가공하기 위한 공작 기계(1)로서,
    상기 공작 기계는 서로 간격을 두고 배치된 2개의 평행한 측벽(19, 19')들 및 정면 벽(3)을 갖는 기계 프레임(2), 회전식으로 구동 가능한 공작물 홀더(9), 공구(16)들을 갖는 공구 스핀들(26), 크로스 슬라이드(5), 및 2개의 측면 버팀대들(23, 23')에서 수평 A-축(13)을 중심으로 회전 가능하게 지지된 링크(20)를 구비하고,
    상기 크로스 슬라이드(5)는 수직 가이드(4)(Z-축)를 따라서 이동 가능하게 가이드 되고, 또한 수평 가이드(8)를 구비하며,
    상기 공작물 홀더(9) 및 상기 공구 스핀들(26)은 상기 크로스 슬라이드(5)를 통해 평면 "E" 내부에서 서로 상대적으로 수평 방향(X-축) 및 수직 방향(Z-축)으로 이동 가능하게 가이드 되고, 상기 링크(20)는 상기 평면 "E"에 대하여 수직으로 수평 방향(Y-축)으로 이동할 수 있으며,
    측면 버팀대들(23, 23')이, 상기 평면 "E"와 반대 측인 양쪽 측벽(19, 19')들의 외측에서 가이드 레일(21, 21')을 통하여 가이드 되고, 그리고 상기 링크(20)의 수평 방향의 동작을 위해 적어도 하나의 구동 장치(25, 25')가 제공되며, 상기 구동 장치(25, 25')가 양쪽 측면 버팀대들(23, 23')과 상호작용하는,
    공작 기계.
  2. 제 1 항에 있어서,
    상기 공작물 홀더(9)가 상기 크로스 슬라이드(5)에 배치되고, 상기 공구 스핀들(26)은 상기 링크(20)에 배치되며, 상기 공작물 홀더(9)는 상기 공작물(15)들을 파지, 수용, 구동 및 배치하기 위한 조 척(14)을 구비하고, 상기 공작물(15)들의 운반을 위해 운반 장치(17)에는 적재 위치(12)가 제공되며,
    상기 공작물 홀더(9)는 상기 공작물(15)들이 가공될 수 있는 가공 위치(18)로부터 적재 위치(12)로 이동할 수 있는 것을 특징으로 하는,
    공작 기계.
  3. 제 1 항에 있어서,
    상기 공작물 홀더(9)가 회전 테이블(27)로 구현되며,
    상기 회전 테이블(27)은 상기 링크(20)에 배치되고, 상기 공구 스핀들(26)은 상기 크로스 슬라이드(5)에 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는,
    공작 기계.
  4. 제 3 항에 있어서,
    상기 크로스 슬라이드(5)에는 상기 회전 테이블(27)을 로딩 및 언로딩하기 위한 그립퍼 핸드(30)가 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는,
    공작 기계.
  5. 제 3 항 또는 제 4 항에 있어서,
    공구 저장소(28)를 포함하며,
    공구(16)들을 공구 스핀들(26)로 교환하기 위한 공구 교환 장치(29)가 제공되는 것을 특징으로 하는,
    공작 기계.
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JP2013166235A (ja) 2013-08-29
JP6077322B2 (ja) 2017-02-08
FR2986728A1 (fr) 2013-08-16
DE102012002982B4 (de) 2016-01-14
ITMI20130100A1 (it) 2013-08-16
US9162334B2 (en) 2015-10-20
KR20130094237A (ko) 2013-08-23
CN103252685A (zh) 2013-08-21
US20130210594A1 (en) 2013-08-15
FR2986728B1 (fr) 2016-12-02

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