CN103022716B - Planar horn antenna for phase amplitude calibration - Google Patents
Planar horn antenna for phase amplitude calibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN103022716B CN103022716B CN201210564067.9A CN201210564067A CN103022716B CN 103022716 B CN103022716 B CN 103022716B CN 201210564067 A CN201210564067 A CN 201210564067A CN 103022716 B CN103022716 B CN 103022716B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a planar horn antenna, in particular to a planar horn antenna for phase amplitude calibration. The antenna comprises a micro-strip feeder (1), a substrate integrated waveguide horn antenna (2) and embedded plated-through holes (3) which are integrated on a dielectric substrate (4), the micro-strip feeder (1) is connected with an antenna port (5) and a narrow horn antenna port (6), the horn antenna (2) is composed of a first metal plane (8), a second metal plane (10) and two rows of plated-through hole horn side walls (11), a middle plated-through hole array (12), a left plated-through hole array (16) and a right plated-through hole array (17) which are composed of the plated-through holes (3) form four dielectric-filled waveguides in the horn antenna (2), and one ends of the four dielectric-filled waveguides are close to the narrow antenna port (6) while the other ends of the four dielectric-filled waveguides are disposed on an antenna aperture surface (15). The antenna is capable of increasing antenna gain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of planar horn antenna, especially a kind of planar horn antenna of phase amplitude calibration.
Background technology
Horn antenna has a wide range of applications in the systems such as satellite communication, terrestrial microwave link and radio telescope.But, the larger physical dimension of three-dimensional horn antenna and higher with incompatible its cost that makes of planar circuit technique, thus limit the development of its application.In recent years, the proposition of substrate integrated waveguide technology and development well facilitate the development of planar horn antenna.Substrate integration wave-guide have size little, lightweight, be easy to Planar integration and the advantage such as processing and fabricating is simple.Based on the substrate integration wave-guide planar horn antenna of the plane of substrate integration wave-guide except the feature with horn antenna, also well achieve miniaturization, the lightness of horn antenna, and be easy to be integrated in microwave and millimeter wave planar circuit, but the gain of traditional substrate integration wave-guide planar horn antenna is relatively low, its reason is because horn mouth constantly opens, Electromagnetic Wave Propagation is caused to occur that phase place is asynchronous to during horn mouth diametric plane, the amplitude distribution of bore electric field strength is also uneven, radiation directivity and gain reduction.Existing method such as employing coated by dielectric, medium prism etc. at present, correct loudspeaker aperture field, but these methods all can only improve the consistency of PHASE DISTRIBUTION, can not improve the uniformity of amplitude distribution, and these phase alignment structures add the overall structure size of antenna.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the object of the invention is the planar horn antenna proposing a kind of phase amplitude calibration, this planar horn antenna inside be embedded with metallization arrays of vias in order to electromagnetic phase place on RECTIFYING ANTENNA bore face and amplitude inconsistent, improve the aperture efficiency of antenna and gain.
Technical scheme: the planar horn antenna of phase amplitude calibration of the present invention comprises the microstrip feed line be arranged on medium substrate, substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna and embedded metal via hole; One end of described microstrip feed line is the input/output port of antenna, and the other end of microstrip feed line connects with the narrow port of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna; Substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna to be connected the first metal flat and the second metal flat by the first metal flat being positioned at medium substrate one side, the second metal flat of being positioned at medium substrate another side two row's metallization via hole trumpet side walls with through medium substrate form; Metallization via hole embedded in substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna connects the first metal flat and the second metal flat, and forms intermediate metallization arrays of vias, left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias; In horn antenna, there is first medium to fill waveguide, second medium fills waveguide, the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide, first medium fills waveguide, second medium fills waveguide, a port of the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide towards the direction of the narrow port of antenna, its other end is all on antenna opening diametric plane.
Intermediate metallization arrays of vias is positioned at the position in the middle of two sidewalls of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna, and substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna is divided into symmetrical two parts, in the both sides of intermediate metallization arrays of vias, symmetrical has left side dielectric-filled waveguide and the right dielectric-filled waveguide.
Metallization arrays of vias in the left side divide into first medium the dielectric-filled waveguide on the left side and fills waveguide and second medium filling waveguide; The right metallization arrays of vias divide into the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide the right dielectric-filled waveguide.
Intermediate metallization arrays of vias, left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias shape are all to be connected with tail end straightway three sections by head end straightway, polygon to form, the head end of intermediate metallization arrays of vias, left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias is all near the direction of the narrow port of horn antenna, and the tail end of intermediate metallization arrays of vias, left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias is on antenna opening diametric plane.
Polygon in intermediate metallization arrays of vias, left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias can be triangle, quadrangle, pentagon or other polygon, and the shape on a polygonal limit or many limits can be straight line, camber line or other curve; The shape of straightway in intermediate metallization arrays of vias, left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias can be straight line, broken line or exponential line etc., and its length can be zero or finite length.
Left side dielectric-filled waveguide, the right dielectric-filled waveguide, first medium fill waveguide, second medium fills waveguide, the width of the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide will ensure that its main mould can on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide, the right dielectric-filled waveguide, first medium fill waveguide, second medium fills transmission in waveguide, the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide and be not cut off.
Select the position in head end straightway or polygon on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide in left side metallization arrays of vias, making to fill waveguide and second medium at first medium, to fill the electromagnetic power transmitted in waveguide equal.
Change the position in head end straightway or polygon on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide in metallization arrays of vias, make filled waveguide by first medium and second medium fills the bore face that the electromagnetic wave homophase transmitted in waveguide arrives antenna.
Select the position on the right in dielectric-filled waveguide of head end straightway or polygon in the right metallization arrays of vias, make the electromagnetic power that transmits in the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide equal.
Be to change the position on the right in dielectric-filled waveguide of head end straightway or polygon in the right metallization arrays of vias, make the electromagnetic wave homophase transmitted in by the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide arrive the bore face of antenna.
In metallization via hole trumpet side walls, the spacing of two adjacent metallization via holes is less than or equals 1/10th of operation wavelength, makes the metallization via hole trumpet side walls formed can be equivalent to electric wall; The spacing of two adjacent metallization via holes will be equal to or less than 1/10th of operation wavelength, makes intermediate metallization arrays of vias, left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias formed can be equivalent to electric wall.
In dielectric-filled waveguide, the propagation phase velocity of the main mould of electromagnetic wave (TE10 mould) is relevant with the width of dielectric-filled waveguide, and the width of dielectric-filled waveguide is wider, and the phase velocity that main mould is propagated is lower; Otherwise the width of dielectric-filled waveguide is narrower, the phase velocity that main mould is propagated is higher.Electromagnetic wave inputs from one end of microstrip feed line, the other end through microstrip feed line enters substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna, after propagating a segment distance, run into middle metallization arrays of vias, the two-way that just point success rate is equal enters the dielectric-filled waveguide transmission of two, left and right respectively, two the dielectric-filled waveguide full symmetrics in left and right, illustrate for the dielectric-filled waveguide on the left side, after electromagnetic wave enters the dielectric-filled waveguide transmission on the left side after a segment distance, a metallization arrays of vias will be run into, be divided into two road direction bore face transmission again, the head end of this metallization arrays of vias and the position of polygon vertex in adjustment on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide, the electromagnetic relative phase velocity by two dielectric-filled waveguide transmission and relative power can be adjusted, and then adjustment is by relative phase on bore face of the electromagnetic wave of two dielectric-filled waveguides transmission and relative amplitude, if the port width of these two dielectric-filled waveguides on antenna opening diametric plane is equal, the head end of this metallization arrays of vias and the position of polygon vertex in adjustment on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide, can make by the electromagnetic power of two dielectric-filled waveguide transmission equal, also make this two-way electromagnetic wave homophase arrive the bore face of antenna, on antenna opening diametric plane, the field intensity amplitude distribution of these two dielectric-filled waveguide ports is all the same with phase place so simultaneously, transmitting in electromagnetic wave dielectric-filled waveguide on the right is also same situation.Just can control in the above described manner to power on the amplitude of magnetic wave and PHASE DISTRIBUTION at antenna opening diametric plane, if the port width remaining on four dielectric-filled waveguides on antenna opening diametric plane is equal, and the adjustment metallization head end of arrays of vias and the position of polygon vertex make to arrive antenna opening diametric plane by these four electromagnetic same power homophases of dielectric-filled waveguide transmission, the field intensity phase place of four ports on antenna opening diametric plane just can be made all consistent with amplitude distribution, so just can improve the aperture efficiency of antenna and the object of gain.In like manner also can realize specific field intensity amplitude and PHASE DISTRIBUTION as required on the bore face of antenna.
Beneficial effect: the beneficial effect of the planar horn antenna of phase amplitude calibration of the present invention is, calibrated antenna opening diametric plane power on the phase place of magnetic wave inconsistent, simultaneously make again antenna opening diametric plane power on magnetic wave amplitude distribution evenly, thus add aperture efficiency and the gain of antenna.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the planar horn antenna Facad structure schematic diagram of phase amplitude calibration.
Fig. 2 is the planar horn antenna inverse layer structure schematic diagram of phase amplitude calibration.
Have in figure: microstrip feed line 1, substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2, embedded metal via hole 3, medium substrate 4, the input/output port 5 of antenna, the narrow port 6 of antenna 2, conduction band 7, first metal flat 8, ground plane 9, second metal flat 10, metallization via hole trumpet side walls 11, intermediate metallization arrays of vias 12, left side dielectric-filled waveguide 13, the right dielectric-filled waveguide 14, the bore face 15 of antenna, left side metallization arrays of vias 16, the right metallization arrays of vias 17, first medium fills waveguide 18, second medium fills waveguide 19, 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide 20 and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide 21.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment of the present invention is: the planar horn antenna of phase amplitude calibration comprises microstrip feed line 1, substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 and embedded metal via hole 3, this three part is all integrated on same medium substrate 4, one end of microstrip feed line 1 is the input/output port 5 of antenna, the other end of microstrip feed line 1 connects with the narrow port 6 of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2, the conduction band 7 of microstrip feed line 1 connects with the first metal flat 8 of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna, the ground plane 9 of microstrip feed line 1 connects with the second metal flat 10 of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna, substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 is made up of the first metal flat 8 and the second metal flat 10 and two row's metallization via hole trumpet side walls 11, first metal flat 8 and the second metal flat 10 lay respectively at the two sides of medium substrate 4, two row's metallization via hole trumpet side walls 11 connect the first metal flat 8 and the second metal flat 10, and flare up is tubaeform gradually, metallization via hole 3 embedded in substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 connects the first metal flat 8 and the second metal flat 10, and forms intermediate metallization arrays of vias 12, left side metallization arrays of vias 16 and the right metallization arrays of vias 17, middle metallization arrays of vias 12 is positioned at the position in the middle of horn antenna 2 two sidewalls 11, intermediate metallization arrays of vias 12 is divided into symmetrical two parts horn antenna 2, in the both sides of the metallization arrays of vias 12 of centre, symmetrical has left side dielectric-filled waveguide 13 and the right dielectric-filled waveguide 14, intermediate metallization arrays of vias 12 shape is that a paragraph header end straightway connects polygon and connects one section of tail end straightway again, the head end straightway of intermediate metallization arrays of vias 12 is against the direction of the narrow port 6 of horn antenna 2, the tail end straightway of intermediate metallization arrays of vias 12 reaches horn antenna bore face 15, left side metallization arrays of vias 16 in left side dielectric-filled waveguide 13 in horn antenna 2 divide into first medium left side dielectric-filled waveguide 13 and fills waveguide 18 and second medium filling waveguide 19, the right metallization arrays of vias 17 in the right dielectric-filled waveguide 14 in horn antenna 2 divide into the 3rd Filled Dielectrics ripple 20 and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide 21 the right dielectric-filled waveguide 14, the shape of left side metallization arrays of vias 16 and the right metallization arrays of vias 17 is all that a paragraph header end straightway connects polygon and connects one section of tail end straightway again, the head end of left side metallization arrays of vias 16 and the right metallization arrays of vias 17 all near the direction of the narrow port 6 of horn antenna 2, the tail end of left side metallization arrays of vias 16 and the right metallization arrays of vias 17 is on the bore face 15 of horn antenna 2, intermediate metallization arrays of vias 12, left side metallization arrays of vias 16 and the right metallization arrays of vias 17 are divided into first medium substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 and fill waveguide 18, second medium filling waveguide 19, the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide 20 and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide 21 or not etc.
In dielectric-filled waveguide, the propagation phase velocity of the main mould of electromagnetic wave (TE10 mould) is relevant with the width of dielectric-filled waveguide, and the width of dielectric-filled waveguide is wider, and the phase velocity that main mould is propagated is lower; Otherwise the width of dielectric-filled waveguide is narrower, the phase velocity that main mould is propagated is higher.Electromagnetic wave enters one end of microstrip feed line 1 from the port 5 of antenna, the narrow port 6 of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 is entered through microstrip feed line 1, after transmitting a segment distance, run into middle metallization arrays of vias 12, due to symmetry, the electromagnetic wave two-way that just point success rate is equal enters left side dielectric-filled waveguide 13 respectively and the right dielectric-filled waveguide 14 transmits, left side dielectric-filled waveguide 13 and the right dielectric-filled waveguide 14 full symmetric, for dielectric-filled waveguide 13 explanation on the left side, after the dielectric-filled waveguide 13 entering the left side when electromagnetic wave transmits after a segment distance, left side metallization arrays of vias 16 will be run into, be divided into the direction transmission in two road direction antenna aperture faces 15 again, the head end of this metallization arrays of vias 16 and the position of polygon vertex in adjustment on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide 13, electromagnetic relative phase velocity and the relative power of being filled transmission in waveguide 19 by first medium filling waveguide 18 and second medium can be adjusted, and then adjustment is filled waveguide 18 and second medium by first medium and is filled relative phase on bore face 15 of electromagnetic wave that waveguide 19 transmits and relative amplitude, if it is equal with the port width of second medium filling waveguide 19 on antenna opening diametric plane 15 that first medium fills waveguide 18, the head end of this metallization arrays of vias 16 and the position of polygon vertex in adjustment on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide 13, the electromagnetic power of being filled waveguide 18 and second medium filling waveguide 19 transmission by first medium can be made equal, also make this two-way electromagnetic wave homophase arrive the bore face 15 of antenna simultaneously, the field intensity amplitude distribution that first medium filling waveguide 18 and second medium fill waveguide 19 port on antenna opening diametric plane 15 is like this all the same with phase place, it is also same situation that electromagnetic wave transmits in dielectric-filled waveguide 14 on the right.Just can control electromagnetic amplitude and PHASE DISTRIBUTION on antenna opening diametric plane 15 in the above described manner, if remain on first medium on antenna opening diametric plane 15 to fill waveguide 18, second medium fills waveguide 19, the port width of the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide 20 and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide 21 is all equal, and adjust intermediate metallization arrays of vias 12, the left side metallization arrays of vias 16 and the right metallization the head end of arrays of vias 17 and the position of polygon vertex make by first medium fill waveguide 18, second medium fills waveguide 19, 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide 20 and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide 21 transmit electromagnetic same power homophase and arrive antenna opening diametric plane 15, the field intensity phase place of four ports on antenna opening diametric plane 15 just can be made all consistent with amplitude distribution, so just can improve the aperture efficiency of antenna and the object of gain.In like manner also can realize specific field intensity amplitude and PHASE DISTRIBUTION as required on the bore face 15 of antenna.
In technique, the planar horn antenna of phase amplitude calibration both can adopt common printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) technique, and the integrated circuit technologies such as LTCC (LTCC) technique or CMOS, Si substrate also can be adopted to realize.The via hole 3,11 that wherein metallizes can be hollow metal through hole also can be solid metal hole, and also can be continuous print metallization wall, the shape of metal throuth hole can be circular, also can be square or other shapes.
Structurally, according to same principle, four strip metal arrays of vias can be added again four dielectric-filled waveguides are divided into eight dielectric-filled waveguides, and make to arrive the electromagnetic wave homophase on antenna opening diametric planes 15 by these eight dielectric-filled waveguides and power is the same, the amplitude distribution while of such on antenna opening diametric plane 15 is more even, and the quantity of the dielectric-filled waveguide increased on antenna opening diametric plane 15 might not require the width increasing antenna opening diametric plane 15 simultaneously, as long as it is just passable to ensure that dielectric-filled waveguide can transmit main mould.Due to the metallization via sidewall 11 the closer to antenna, the distance that electromagnetic wave arrives antenna opening diametric plane 15 is far away, therefore relative to from the dielectric-filled waveguide away from metallization via sidewall 11, from the width relative narrower of dielectric-filled waveguide close to metallization via sidewall 11 to obtain higher electromagnetic transmission phase velocity.Polygon in intermediate metallization arrays of vias 12, left side metallization arrays of vias 16 and the right metallization arrays of vias 17 can be triangle, quadrangle, pentagon or other polygon, and the shape on these polygonal limits or many limits can be straight line, camber line or other curve; Head end straightway in intermediate metallization arrays of vias 12, left side metallization arrays of vias 16 and the right metallization arrays of vias 17 or tail end straightway can be straight line, broken line, exponential line or other curve.
According to the above, just the present invention can be realized.
Claims (5)
1. a planar horn antenna for phase amplitude calibration, is characterized in that this antenna comprises the microstrip feed line (1) be arranged on medium substrate (4), substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2) and embedded metal via hole (3); One end of described microstrip feed line (1) is the input/output port (5) of antenna, and the other end of microstrip feed line (1) connects with the narrow port (6) of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2); Substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2) to be connected the first metal flat (8) and the second metal flat (10) by the first metal flat (8) being positioned at medium substrate (4) one side, the second metal flat (10) of being positioned at medium substrate (4) another side two rows with through medium substrate (4) via hole trumpet side walls (11) that metallizes forms; In substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2), embedded metal via hole (3) connects the first metal flat (8) and the second metal flat (10), and forms intermediate metallization arrays of vias (12), left side metallization arrays of vias (16) and the right metallization arrays of vias (17); Intermediate metallization arrays of vias (12) is positioned at the position in the middle of two sidewalls (11) of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2), and substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2) is divided into symmetrical left side dielectric-filled waveguide (13) and the right dielectric-filled waveguide (14); Left side metallization arrays of vias (16) divide into first medium the dielectric-filled waveguide on the left side (13) and fills waveguide (18) and second medium filling waveguide (19); The right metallization arrays of vias (17) divide into the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide (20) and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide (21) the right dielectric-filled waveguide (14); First medium fills waveguide (18), second medium fills waveguide (19), a port of the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide (20) and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide (21) towards the direction of the narrow port of antenna (6), its another port is all on antenna opening diametric plane (15);
Described intermediate metallization arrays of vias (12), left side metallization arrays of vias (16) and the right metallization arrays of vias (17) shape are all by head portion, polygon and end section three sections are connected formation successively, intermediate metallization arrays of vias (12), the head end on left side metallization arrays of vias (16) and the right metallization arrays of vias (17) is all near the direction of the narrow port (6) of horn antenna, intermediate metallization arrays of vias (12), the tail end on left side metallization arrays of vias (16) and the right metallization arrays of vias (17) is on antenna opening diametric plane (15),
Select the position in the middle head portion in left side metallization arrays of vias (16) or polygon on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide (13), make the electromagnetic power of filling transmission in waveguide (18) and second medium filling waveguide (19) at first medium equal;
Change the position in the middle head portion in left side metallization arrays of vias (16) or polygon on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide (13), make the bore face (15) arriving antenna at the electromagnetic wave homophase of being filled transmission in waveguide (18) and second medium filling waveguide (19) by first medium;
Select the position on the right in dielectric-filled waveguide (14) of head portion or polygon in the right metallization arrays of vias (17), make the electromagnetic power that transmits in the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide (20) and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide (21) equal;
Change the position on the right in dielectric-filled waveguide (14) of head portion or polygon in the right metallization arrays of vias (17), make the bore face (15) of the electromagnetic wave homophase arrival antenna of transmission in by the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide (20) and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide (21).
2. the planar horn antenna of a kind of phase amplitude calibration according to claim 1, is characterized in that described intermediate metallization arrays of vias (12), left side metallization arrays of vias (16) and the right polygon metallized in arrays of vias (17) are the polygons that triangle or quadrangle or pentagon or other limit number are greater than five; The metallize shape of head portion in arrays of vias (17) and end section of intermediate metallization arrays of vias (12), left side metallization arrays of vias (16) and the right is straight line or broken line or exponential line.
3. the planar horn antenna of a kind of phase amplitude calibration according to claim 1, is characterized in that the width of described left side dielectric-filled waveguide (13) and the right dielectric-filled waveguide (14) will ensure that its main mould can transmission and not being cut off on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide (13) and the right dielectric-filled waveguide (14).
4. the planar horn antenna of a kind of phase amplitude calibration according to claim 1, is characterized in that the width of described first medium filling waveguide (18), second medium filling waveguide (19), the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide (20) and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide (21) will ensure that its main mould can fill waveguide (18) at first medium, second medium is filled transmission in waveguide (19), the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide (20) and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide (21) and is not cut off.
5. the planar horn antenna of a kind of phase amplitude calibration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in metallization via hole trumpet side walls (11), the spacing of two adjacent metallization via holes is less than or equals 1/10th of operation wavelength, makes the metallization via hole trumpet side walls (11) formed can be equivalent to electric wall; The spacing of two adjacent embedded metal via holes (3) will be equal to or less than 1/10th of operation wavelength, makes the intermediate metallization arrays of vias (12) of formation, left side metallization arrays of vias (16) and the right metallization arrays of vias (17) can be equivalent to electric wall.
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CN101179155A (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2008-05-14 | 杭州电子科技大学 | H face sectoral horn antenna including filter function |
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