CN104716436A - Plane horn antenna capable of achieving gap embedding amplitude calibration - Google Patents
Plane horn antenna capable of achieving gap embedding amplitude calibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN104716436A CN104716436A CN201510145978.1A CN201510145978A CN104716436A CN 104716436 A CN104716436 A CN 104716436A CN 201510145978 A CN201510145978 A CN 201510145978A CN 104716436 A CN104716436 A CN 104716436A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a horn antenna, in particular to a plane horn antenna capable of achieving gap embedding amplitude calibration. The antenna comprises a micro-strip feeder line (1), a horn antenna body (2) and gaps (3), wherein the micro-strip feeder line (1), the horn antenna body (2) and the gaps (3) are integrated on a dielectric substrate (4). The micro-strip feeder line (1) is connected with an antenna port (5) and an antenna narrow port (6). The horn antenna body (2) is composed of a first metal plane (8), a second metal plane (10) and two rows of metallization via hole horn side walls (11), four sub-horns are formed in the horn antenna body (2) through the middle gap (14), the left gap (20) and the right gap (21) forming the gaps (3), one ends of the four sub-horns are close to the antenna narrow port (6), and the other ends of the four sub-horns are close to but no reach an antenna aperture face (19). The aperture efficiency and the gain of the antenna can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of planar horn antenna, the planar horn antenna of the embedded amplitude calibration in especially a kind of gap.
Background technology
Horn antenna has a wide range of applications in the systems such as satellite communication, terrestrial microwave link and radio telescope.But, the larger physical dimension of three-dimensional horn antenna and higher with incompatible its cost that makes of planar circuit technique, thus limit the development of its application.In recent years, the proposition of substrate integrated waveguide technology and development well facilitate the development of planar horn antenna.Substrate integration wave-guide have size little, lightweight, be easy to Planar integration and the advantage such as processing and fabricating is simple.Based on the substrate integration wave-guide planar horn antenna of substrate integration wave-guide except the feature with horn antenna, also well achieve miniaturization, the lightness of horn antenna, and be easy to be integrated in microwave and millimeter wave planar circuit, but the gain of traditional substrate integration wave-guide planar horn antenna is relatively low, an one major reason is because on horn mouth diametric plane, the amplitude of electromagnetic field is very uneven, narrowing toward each end broad in the middle, this affects aperture efficiency and the radiance of antenna.Existing method such as employing coated by dielectric, medium prism etc. at present, correct the asynchronous of loudspeaker bore field phase, but these methods all can not improve the uniformity of electromagnetic field magnitude distribution on bore face, and these phase alignment structures add the overall structure size of antenna.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the object of the invention is the planar horn antenna proposing the embedded amplitude calibration in a kind of gap, on upper and lower two the parallel metal coverings of this horn antenna, there is inconsistent in order to electromagnetic amplitude on RECTIFYING ANTENNA bore face of many gaps, the field intensity simultaneously avoiding gap, bore face to cause is uneven, increase effective radiating area, increases aperture efficiency and the gain of antenna.
Technical scheme: the planar horn antenna of the embedded amplitude calibration in gap of the present invention comprises the microstrip feed line be arranged on medium substrate, substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna and gap; One end of described microstrip feed line is the input/output port of antenna, and the other end of microstrip feed line connects with the narrow port of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna; Substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna to be connected the first metal flat and the second metal flat by the first metal flat being positioned at medium substrate one side, the second metal flat of being positioned at medium substrate another side two row's metallization via hole trumpet side walls with through medium substrate form; First metal flat and the second metal flat have many gaps and forms intermediate gap, gap, the left side and gap, the right, the length in intermediate gap, gap, the left side and gap, the right is greater than a wavelength; Intermediate gap shape is one section of straight line, its head end near the narrow port of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna, its tail end near but less than antenna opening diametric plane; Intermediate gap is positioned at the position in the middle of two sidewalls of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna, and substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna is divided into the symmetrical sub-loudspeaker of the sub-loudspeaker in the left side and the right; Gap, the left side and the right seam shape are all to be connected with end section three sections by head portion, polygon to form, the head end in gap, the left side and gap, the right all near the direction of the narrow port of horn antenna, the tail end in gap, the left side and gap, the right near but less than antenna opening diametric plane; Gap, the left side is divided into the first sub-loudspeaker and the second sub-loudspeaker sub-for left side loudspeaker; Gap, the right is divided into the 3rd sub-loudspeaker and the 4th sub-loudspeaker sub-for the right loudspeaker; Select the position in head portion in gap, the left side or the sub-loudspeaker of polygon on the left side, adjust the electromagnetic relative power transmitted in the first sub-loudspeaker and the second sub-loudspeaker; Select the position on the right in sub-loudspeaker of head portion or polygon in gap, the right, adjust the electromagnetic relative power transmitted in the 3rd sub-loudspeaker and the 4th sub-loudspeaker.
Head portion in described gap, the left side and gap, the right or the shape of end section can be straight line, broken line or exponential line etc.; Polygon in gap, the left side and gap, the right can be triangle, quadrangle, pentagon or the polygon of limit number more than five.
The width of the sub-loudspeaker of the sub-loudspeaker in the described left side and the right all will ensure that electromagnetic wave can transmission and not being cut off in the sub-loudspeaker of the sub-loudspeaker of on the left side and the right.
The width of the described first sub-loudspeaker, the second sub-loudspeaker, the 3rd sub-loudspeaker and the 4th sub-loudspeaker all will ensure that electromagnetic wave can transmit and not be cut off in the first sub-loudspeaker, the second sub-loudspeaker, the 3rd sub-loudspeaker and the 4th sub-loudspeaker.
One end of described first sub-loudspeaker, the second sub-loudspeaker, the 3rd sub-loudspeaker and the 4th sub-loudspeaker is all towards the direction of the narrow port of antenna, the other end of the first sub-loudspeaker, the second sub-loudspeaker, the 3rd sub-loudspeaker and the 4th sub-loudspeaker is all on antenna opening diametric plane, and the first sub-loudspeaker, the second sub-loudspeaker, the 3rd sub-loudspeaker and the 4th sub-loudspeaker are all straightways close to a section of antenna opening diametric plane.
Described two row's metallization via hole trumpet side walls, flare up is tubaeform and then connect one section of wide parallel-segment and form gradually to connect one section by one section of narrow parallel-segment.
In metallization via hole trumpet side walls, the spacing of two adjacent metallization via holes is less than or equals 1/10th of operation wavelength, makes the metallization via hole trumpet side walls formed can be equivalent to electric wall.
Gap is about half wavelength from the distance of antenna opening diametric plane.
Gap in the bottom-side metal plane of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna and the gap one_to_one corresponding in topside metal plane, gap in substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna bottom-side metal plane is the same with the shape in the gap in topside metal plane, quantity is equal, and the position of the gap in bottom-side metal plane in bottom-side metal plane is the same with the position of the gap in topside metal plane in topside metal plane.
In sub-loudspeaker, electromagnetic field intensity amplitude distribution rule is relevant with the width of sub-loudspeaker port, if the width of multiple sub-loudspeaker is all the same, its electromagnetic field intensity amplitude distribution rule is just identical; If the power of this little loudspeaker input is all identical, then the field intensity amplitude size on this little trumpet end mouth and distribution all identical.Electromagnetic wave inputs from one end of microstrip feed line, and the other end through microstrip feed line enters substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna, after propagating a segment distance, runs into intermediate gap, and the two-way that just point success rate is equal enters the sub-loudspeaker transmission in two, left and right respectively.Two the sub-loudspeaker full symmetrics in left and right, illustrate for the sub-loudspeaker on the left side.When electromagnetic wave to enter after the sub-loudspeaker transmission on the left side after a segment distance, gap, the left side will be run into, then be divided into two-way and transmitted to bore face by sub-loudspeaker; The head portion in gap, the left side and the position of polygon vertex in the sub-loudspeaker of adjustment on the left side, can adjust the electromagnetic relative power by two sub-loudspeaker transmission, and then adjustment is by the relative amplitude of electromagnetic wave on bore face of two sub-loudspeaker transmission; If the port width of these two sub-loudspeaker near antenna opening diametric plane is equal, the head portion in gap, the left side and the position of polygon vertex in the sub-loudspeaker of adjustment on the left side, can make by the electromagnetic power of two sub-loudspeaker transmission equal, on antenna opening diametric plane, the field intensity amplitude of these two sub-loudspeaker ports is just equal like this; Transmitting in electromagnetic wave loudspeaker on the right is also same situation.Just can control to power at antenna opening diametric plane the amplitude distribution of magnetic wave in the above described manner, if the port width remaining on four sub-loudspeaker near antenna opening diametric plane is equal, and to make to transmit electromagnetic power at four sub-loudspeaker all consistent in the position of the head portion and polygon vertex that adjust gap, the field intensity amplitude distribution of four ports on antenna opening diametric plane just can be made the same, so just can reach and improve the aperture efficiency of antenna and the object of gain.In like manner also can realize specific field intensity amplitude distribution as required on the bore face of antenna.
If gap is on bore face in addition, because the field intensity on the field intensity relative slot both sides of inside, gap is smaller, all the more so when particularly gap is wider, cause the region field intensity at place, gap on antenna opening diametric plane smaller like this, field intensity is issued uneven; But gap has with a certain distance from bore face, just can avoid the problems referred to above, the field strength distribution in such bore face also relatively evenly and the effective radiating area of antenna also become large.
Beneficial effect: the beneficial effect of the planar horn antenna of the embedded amplitude calibration in gap of the present invention is, the amplitude distribution on antenna opening diametric plane can be adjusted as required, the consistency of the amplitude distribution on antenna opening diametric plane can be improved, avoid the amplitude that gap causes uneven, add aperture efficiency and the gain of antenna.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the planar horn antenna Facad structure schematic diagram of the embedded amplitude calibration in gap.
Fig. 2 is the planar horn antenna inverse layer structure schematic diagram of the embedded amplitude calibration in gap.
Have in figure: microstrip feed line 1, substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2, gap 3, medium substrate 4, the input/output port 5 of antenna, the narrow port 6 of antenna 2, conduction band 7, first metal flat 8, ground plane 9, second metal flat 10, metallization via hole trumpet side walls 11, the narrow parallel-segment 12 of antenna, the wide parallel-segment 13 of antenna, intermediate gap 14, the sub-loudspeaker 15 in the left side, the sub-loudspeaker 16 in the right, the head end 17 of intermediate gap, the tail end 18 of intermediate gap, the bore face 19 of antenna, gap, the left side 20, gap 21, the right, first sub-loudspeaker 22, second sub-loudspeaker 23, 3rd sub-loudspeaker 24 and the 4th sub-loudspeaker 25.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment of the present invention is: the planar horn antenna of the embedded amplitude calibration in gap comprises the microstrip feed line 1 be arranged on medium substrate 4, substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 and gap 3; One end of described microstrip feed line 1 is the input/output port 5 of antenna, and the other end of microstrip feed line 1 connects with the narrow port 6 of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2; Substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 to be connected the first metal flat 8 and the second metal flat 10 by the first metal flat 8 being positioned at medium substrate 4 one side, the second metal flat 10 of being positioned at medium substrate 4 another side two row's metallization via hole trumpet side walls 11 with through medium substrate 4 form; First metal flat 8 and the second metal flat 10 have many gaps 3 and forms intermediate gap 14, gap, the left side 20 and gap, the right 21, the length in intermediate gap 14, gap, the left side 20 and gap, the right 21 is greater than a wavelength; Intermediate gap 14 shape is one section of straight line, its head end 17 near the narrow port 6 of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2, its tail end 18 near but less than antenna opening diametric plane 19; Intermediate gap 14 is positioned at the position in the middle of two sidewalls 11 of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2, and substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 is divided into the symmetrical sub-loudspeaker 16 of the sub-loudspeaker in the left side 15 and the right; Gap, the left side 20 and gap, the right 21 shape are all to be connected with end section three sections by head portion, polygon to form, the head end in gap, the left side 20 and gap, the right 21 all near the direction of the narrow port 6 of horn antenna, the tail end in gap, the left side 20 and gap, the right 21 near but less than antenna opening diametric plane 19; Gap, the left side 20 is divided into the first sub-loudspeaker 22 and the second sub-loudspeaker 23 sub-for left side loudspeaker 15; Gap 21, the right is divided into the 3rd sub-loudspeaker 24 and the 4th sub-loudspeaker 25 sub-for the right loudspeaker 16; Select the position in head portion in gap, the left side 20 or the sub-loudspeaker 15 of polygon on the left side, adjust the electromagnetic relative power of transmission in the first sub-loudspeaker 22 and the second sub-loudspeaker 23; Select the position on the right in sub-loudspeaker 16 of head portion or polygon in gap 21, the right, adjust the electromagnetic relative power of transmission in the 3rd sub-loudspeaker 24 and the 4th sub-loudspeaker 25.
Head portion in described gap, the left side 20 and gap, the right 21 or the shape of end section can be straight line, broken line or exponential line etc.; Polygon in gap, the left side 20 and gap, the right 21 can be triangle, quadrangle, pentagon or the polygon of limit number more than five.
The width of the sub-loudspeaker of the sub-loudspeaker in the described left side 15 and the right 16 all will ensure that electromagnetic wave can transmission and not being cut off in the sub-loudspeaker 16 of the sub-loudspeaker of on the left side 15 and the right.
The width of the sub-loudspeaker 23 of the described first sub-loudspeaker 22, second, the 3rd sub-loudspeaker 24 and the 4th sub-loudspeaker 25 all will ensure that electromagnetic wave can transmit and not be cut off in the sub-loudspeaker 23 of the first sub-loudspeaker 22, second, the 3rd sub-loudspeaker 24 and the 4th sub-loudspeaker 25.
One end of the sub-loudspeaker 23 of described first sub-loudspeaker 22, second, the 3rd sub-loudspeaker 24 and the 4th sub-loudspeaker 25 is all towards the direction of the narrow port 6 of antenna, the other end of the sub-loudspeaker 23 of the first sub-loudspeaker 22, second, the 3rd sub-loudspeaker 24 and the 4th sub-loudspeaker 25 is all on antenna opening diametric plane 19, and the sub-loudspeaker 23 of the first sub-loudspeaker 22, second, the 3rd sub-loudspeaker 24 and the 4th sub-loudspeaker 25 are all straightways close to a section of antenna opening diametric plane 19.
Described two row's metallization via hole trumpet side walls 11, flare up is tubaeform and then connect one section wide parallel-segment 13 and form gradually to connect one section by one section narrow parallel-segment 12.
Gap 3 is about half wavelength from the distance of antenna opening diametric plane 19.
In sub-loudspeaker, electromagnetic field intensity amplitude distribution rule is relevant with the width of sub-loudspeaker port, if the width of multiple sub-loudspeaker is all the same, its electromagnetic field intensity amplitude distribution rule is just identical; If the power of this little loudspeaker input is all identical, then the field intensity amplitude size on this little trumpet end mouth and distribution all identical.Electromagnetic wave enters one end of microstrip feed line 1 from the port 5 of antenna, the narrow port 6 of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 is entered through microstrip feed line 1, after propagating a segment distance, run into intermediate gap 14, due to symmetry, the electromagnetic wave two-way that just point success rate is equal enters the sub-loudspeaker 16 of the sub-loudspeaker in the left side 15 and the right respectively and transmits.Two sub-loudspeaker 15 and 16 full symmetrics in left and right, for sub-loudspeaker 15 explanation on the left side, after the sub-loudspeaker 15 entering the left side when electromagnetic wave transmit after a segment distance, gap, the left side 20 will be run into, be divided into two-way again to transmit respectively by the direction of sub-loudspeaker 22 and 23 to antenna opening diametric plane 19, the head portion in gap, the left side 20 and the position of polygon vertex in the sub-loudspeaker 15 of adjustment on the left side, the electromagnetic relative power transmitted by the first sub-loudspeaker 22 and the second sub-loudspeaker 23 can be adjusted, and then adjust the relative amplitude of electromagnetic wave on antenna opening diametric plane 19 transmitted by the first sub-loudspeaker 22 and the second sub-loudspeaker 23, if the first sub-loudspeaker 22 are equal with the port width of the second sub-loudspeaker 23 on antenna opening diametric plane 19, the head portion in gap, the left side 20 and the position of polygon vertex in the sub-loudspeaker 15 of adjustment on the left side, can make by the first sub-loudspeaker 22 equal with the electromagnetic power that the second sub-loudspeaker 23 transmit, on antenna opening diametric plane 15, the first sub-loudspeaker 22 are just equal with the field intensity amplitude of the second sub-loudspeaker 23 port like this, it is also same situation that electromagnetic wave transmits in sub-loudspeaker 16 on the right.Just can control electromagnetic amplitude distribution on antenna opening diametric plane 19 in the above described manner, if remain on the first sub-loudspeaker 22 on antenna opening diametric plane 19, second sub-loudspeaker 23, the port width of the 3rd sub-loudspeaker 24 and the 4th sub-loudspeaker 25 is equal, and the position of the head portion and polygon vertex that adjust gap, the left side 20 and gap, the right 21 makes at the first sub-loudspeaker 22, second sub-loudspeaker 23, it is all consistent that 3rd sub-loudspeaker 24 and the 4th sub-loudspeaker 25 transmit electromagnetic power, the field intensity amplitude distribution of four ports on antenna opening diametric plane 19 just can be made the same, so just can improve the aperture efficiency of antenna and the object of gain.In like manner also can realize specific field intensity amplitude distribution as required on the bore face of antenna, the amplitude distribution required by Sidelobe.
If gap 3 is on bore face 19 in addition, because the field intensity on field intensity relative slot 3 both sides of inside, gap 3 is smaller, all the more so when particularly gap 3 is wider, cause the region field intensity at place, gap on antenna opening diametric plane 19 smaller like this, field intensity is issued uneven; But gap 3 has with a certain distance from bore face 19, just can avoid the problems referred to above, the field strength distribution in such bore face 19 also relatively evenly and the effective radiating area of antenna also become large.
In technique, the planar horn antenna of the embedded amplitude calibration in gap both can adopt common printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) technique, and the integrated circuit technologies such as LTCC (LTCC) technique or CMOS, Si substrate also can be adopted to realize.Wherein 11 can be hollow metal through hole also can be solid metal hole, and also can be continuous print metallization wall, the shape of metal throuth hole can be circular, also can be square or other shapes.
Structurally, according to same principle, can add four gaps again and four sub-loudspeaker are divided into eight sub-loudspeaker, and make by the electromagnetic wave power on these eight sub-loudspeaker arrival antenna opening diametric planes 19 the same, the amplitude distribution on such antenna opening diametric plane 19 is more even.Polygon in gap, the left side 20 and the right 21 can be triangle, quadrangle, pentagon or other polygon, and the shape on these polygonal limits or many limits can be straight line, camber line or other curve; Head portion in gap, the left side 20 and gap, the right 21 and the shape of tail end segmentation can be straight line, broken line, exponential line or other curve etc.
According to the above, just the present invention can be realized.
Claims (7)
1. a planar horn antenna for the embedded amplitude calibration in gap, is characterized in that this antenna comprises the microstrip feed line (1) be arranged on medium substrate (4), substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2) and gap (3); One end of described microstrip feed line (1) is the input/output port (5) of antenna, and the other end of microstrip feed line (1) connects with the narrow port (6) of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2); Substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2) to be connected the first metal flat (8) and the second metal flat (10) by the first metal flat (8) being positioned at medium substrate (4) one side, the second metal flat (10) of being positioned at medium substrate (4) another side two rows with through medium substrate (4) via hole trumpet side walls (11) that metallizes forms; First metal flat (8) and the second metal flat (10) have many gaps (3) and forms intermediate gap (14), gap, the left side (20) and gap, the right (21), the length of intermediate gap (14), gap, the left side (20) and gap, the right (21) is greater than a wavelength; Intermediate gap (14) shape is one section of straight line, its head end (17) near the narrow port (6) of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2), its tail end (18) near but less than antenna opening diametric plane (19); Intermediate gap (14) is positioned at the position in the middle of two sidewalls (11) of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2), and substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2) is divided into the symmetrical sub-loudspeaker in the left side (15) and the right sub-loudspeaker (16); Gap, the left side (20) and gap, the right (21) shape are all to be connected with end section three sections by head portion, polygon to form, the head end of gap, the left side (20) and gap, the right (21) all near the direction of the narrow port (6) of horn antenna, the tail end of gap, the left side (20) and gap, the right (21) near but less than antenna opening diametric plane (19); Gap, the left side (20) is divided into the first sub-loudspeaker (22) and the second sub-loudspeaker (23) sub-for left side loudspeaker (15); Gap, the right (21) is divided into the 3rd sub-loudspeaker (24) and the 4th sub-loudspeaker (25) sub-for the right loudspeaker (16); Select the position in the middle head portion in gap, the left side (20) or the sub-loudspeaker of polygon on the left side (15), adjust the electromagnetic relative power of transmission in the first sub-loudspeaker (22) and the second sub-loudspeaker (23); Select the position on the right in sub-loudspeaker (16) of head portion or polygon in the right gap (21), adjust the electromagnetic relative power transmitted in the 3rd sub-loudspeaker (24) and the 4th sub-loudspeaker (25).
2. the planar horn antenna of the embedded amplitude calibration in a kind of gap according to claim 1, is characterized in that the shape of head portion in described gap, the left side (20) and gap, the right (21) or end section can be straight line, broken line or exponential line etc.; Polygon in gap, the left side (20) and gap, the right (21) can be triangle, quadrangle, pentagon or the polygon of limit number more than five.
3. the planar horn antenna of the embedded amplitude calibration in a kind of gap according to claim 1, is characterized in that the width on the sub-loudspeaker in the described left side (15) and the right sub-loudspeaker (16) all will ensure that electromagnetic wave can transmission and not being cut off in the sub-loudspeaker of on the left side (15) and the right sub-loudspeaker (16).
4. the planar horn antenna of the embedded amplitude calibration in a kind of gap according to claim 1, is characterized in that the width of the first described sub-loudspeaker (22), the second sub-loudspeaker (23), the 3rd sub-loudspeaker (24) and the 4th sub-loudspeaker (25) all will ensure that electromagnetic wave can transmit and not be cut off in the first sub-loudspeaker (22), the second sub-loudspeaker (23), the 3rd sub-loudspeaker (24) and the 4th sub-loudspeaker (25).
5. the planar horn antenna of the embedded amplitude calibration in a kind of gap according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that the first described sub-loudspeaker (22), second sub-loudspeaker (23), one end of 3rd sub-loudspeaker (24) and the 4th sub-loudspeaker (25) is all towards the direction of the narrow port of antenna (6), first sub-loudspeaker (22), second sub-loudspeaker (23), the other end of the 3rd sub-loudspeaker (24) and the 4th sub-loudspeaker (25) is all on antenna opening diametric plane (19), first sub-loudspeaker (22), second sub-loudspeaker (23), 3rd sub-loudspeaker (24) and the 4th sub-loudspeaker (25) are all straightways close to a section of antenna opening diametric plane (19).
6. the planar horn antenna of the embedded amplitude calibration in a kind of gap according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described two rows' metallization via hole trumpet side walls (11), flare up is tubaeform and then connect one section of wide parallel-segment (13) and form gradually to connect one section by one section of narrow parallel-segment (12).
7. the planar horn antenna of the embedded amplitude calibration in a kind of gap according to claim 1, is characterized in that described gap (3) is about half wavelength from the distance of antenna opening diametric plane (19).
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| CN104779446A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-15 | 南京邮电大学 | Planar horn antenna with function of gap amplitude calibration |
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Application publication date: 20150617 |