CN103022714B - Amplitude impedance calibrated planar horn antenna - Google Patents

Amplitude impedance calibrated planar horn antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103022714B
CN103022714B CN201210564047.1A CN201210564047A CN103022714B CN 103022714 B CN103022714 B CN 103022714B CN 201210564047 A CN201210564047 A CN 201210564047A CN 103022714 B CN103022714 B CN 103022714B
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dielectric
vias
waveguide
antenna
filled waveguide
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CN201210564047.1A
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CN103022714A (en
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赵洪新
殷晓星
王磊
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a planar horn antenna, in particular to an amplitude impedance calibrated planar horn antenna which comprises a micro-strip feeder (1), a horn antenna (2) and metalized via holes (3), wherein the micro-strip feeder (1), the horn antenna (2) and the metalized via holes (3) are integrated on a dielectric substrate (4). The micro-strip feeder (1) is connected with an antenna port (5) and an antenna narrow port (6), the horn antenna (2) comprises a first metal plane (8), a second metal plane (10) and two rows of metalized via side walls (11), a middle metalized via array (15), a left metalized via array (21) and a right metalized via array (22) consist of the metalized via holes (3) and form four dielectric filling waveguides in the horn antenna (2), one end of each of the four dielectric filling waveguides is close to the antenna narrow port (6), the other end of each of the four dielectric filling waveguides is positioned on an antenna caliber surface (20), and the width of the dielectric filling waveguides enables wave impedance of the dielectric filling waveguides to be equal to free space wave impedance. Antenna caliber efficiency can be improved while return loss is reduced.

Description

The planar horn antenna of amplitude impedance calibration
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of planar horn antenna, especially a kind of planar horn antenna of amplitude impedance calibration.
Background technology
Horn antenna has a wide range of applications in the systems such as satellite communication, terrestrial microwave link and radio telescope.But, the larger physical dimension of three-dimensional horn antenna and higher with incompatible its cost that makes of planar circuit technique, thus limit the development of its application.In recent years, the proposition of substrate integrated waveguide technology and development well facilitate the development of planar horn antenna.Substrate integration wave-guide have size little, lightweight, be easy to Planar integration and the advantage such as processing and fabricating is simple.Based on the substrate integration wave-guide planar horn antenna of substrate integration wave-guide except the feature with horn antenna, also well achieve miniaturization, the lightness of horn antenna, and be easy to be integrated in microwave and millimeter wave planar circuit, but the gain of traditional substrate integration wave-guide planar horn antenna is relatively low, its reason is because horn mouth constantly opens, cause electromagnetic wave impedance on bore face to be different from the wave impedance of free space, medium and loudspeaker interface cause reflection of electromagnetic wave, have impact on return loss and the radiance of antenna; On bore face, the amplitude of electromagnetic field is also very uneven in addition, narrowing toward each end broad in the middle, and this also affects the radiance of antenna.Existing method such as employing coated by dielectric, medium prism etc. at present, correct the asynchronous of loudspeaker bore field phase, but these methods all can not improve the inconsistent of horn antenna and free space wave impedance on bore face, can not improve the uniformity of electromagnetic field magnitude distribution on bore face, and these phase alignment structures add the overall structure size of antenna.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the object of the invention is the planar horn antenna proposing a kind of amplitude impedance calibration, this planar horn antenna inside is embedded with metallization arrays of vias in order to the inconsistent and antenna of electromagnetic amplitude on RECTIFYING ANTENNA bore face and the inconsistent of free space wave impedance, increase aperture efficiency and the gain of antenna, reduce the reflection of antenna.
Technical scheme: the planar horn antenna of amplitude impedance calibration of the present invention comprises the microstrip feed line be arranged on medium substrate, substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna and embedded metal via hole; One end of described microstrip feed line is the input/output port of antenna, and the other end of microstrip feed line connects with the narrow port of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna; Substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna to be connected the first metal flat and the second metal flat by the first metal flat being positioned at medium substrate one side, the second metal flat of being positioned at medium substrate another side two row's metallization via hole trumpet side walls with through medium substrate form; Metallization via hole embedded in substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna connects the first metal flat and the second metal flat, and forms metallization arrays of vias; Intermediate metallization arrays of vias, left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias form first medium and fill waveguide, second medium filling waveguide, the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide in horn antenna.
In metallization arrays of vias, intermediate metallization arrays of vias is positioned at the position in the middle of two sidewalls of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna, and substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna is divided into symmetrical two parts, in the both sides of the metallization arrays of vias of centre, symmetrical has left side dielectric-filled waveguide and the right dielectric-filled waveguide.
Intermediate metallization arrays of vias shape is one section of straight line, and the head end of intermediate metallization arrays of vias is near the narrow port of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna, and the tail end of intermediate metallization arrays of vias is at antenna opening diametric plane.
In metallization arrays of vias, metallization arrays of vias in the left side is divided into first medium left side dielectric-filled waveguide and fills waveguide and second medium filling waveguide, and the right metallization arrays of vias is divided into the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide the dielectric-filled waveguide on the right; First medium fills waveguide, second medium fills waveguide, one end of the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide is all towards the direction of the narrow port of antenna, its other end is all on antenna opening diametric plane, and four dielectric-filled waveguides, the same with at the width of antenna opening diametric plane upper port.
Left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias shape are all to be connected with tail end straightway three sections by head end straightway, polygon to form; Head end straightway in left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias or the shape of tail end straightway can be straight line, broken line or exponential line etc., and its length can be zero or finite length; The polygon metallized in arrays of vias in left side metallization arrays of vias and the right can be triangle, quadrangle, pentagon or other polygon, and the shape on a polygonal limit or many limits can be straight line, camber line or other curve.; The head end of left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias is all near the direction of the narrow port of horn antenna, and the tail end of left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias is on antenna opening diametric plane.
Left side dielectric-filled waveguide, the right dielectric-filled waveguide, first medium fill waveguide, second medium fills waveguide, the width of the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide all will ensure that its main mould can on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide, the right dielectric-filled waveguide, first medium fill waveguide, second medium fills transmission in waveguide, the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide and be not cut off.
Select the position in head end straightway or polygon on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide in left side metallization arrays of vias, making to fill waveguide and second medium at first medium, to fill the electromagnetic power transmitted in waveguide equal.
Select the position on the right in dielectric-filled waveguide of head end straightway or polygon in the right metallization arrays of vias, make the electromagnetic power that transmits in the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide equal.
Two row's metallization via hole trumpet side walls, flare up is tubaeform and then connect one section of wide parallel-segment and form gradually to connect one section by one section of narrow parallel-segment.
First medium fills waveguide, second medium is filled waveguide, the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide and all equaled the wave impedance of free space in the wave impedance of the port of antenna opening diametric plane.
In metallization via hole trumpet side walls, the spacing of two adjacent metallization via holes is less than or equals 1/10th of operation wavelength, makes the metallization via hole trumpet side walls formed can be equivalent to electric wall; The spacing of two adjacent metallization via holes will be equal to or less than 1/10th of operation wavelength, makes intermediate metallization arrays of vias, left side metallization arrays of vias and the right metallization arrays of vias formed can be equivalent to electric wall.
In dielectric-filled waveguide, the wave impedance of the main mould of electromagnetic wave (TE10 mould) is relevant with the width of dielectric-filled waveguide, and the width of dielectric-filled waveguide is wider, and the wave impedance of main mould is lower; Otherwise the width of dielectric-filled waveguide is narrower, the wave impedance of main mould is higher.Electromagnetic wave inputs from one end of microstrip feed line, the other end through microstrip feed line enters substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna, after propagating a segment distance, run into middle metallization arrays of vias, the two-way that just point success rate is equal enters the dielectric-filled waveguide transmission of two, left and right respectively.Two the dielectric-filled waveguide full symmetrics in left and right, illustrate for the dielectric-filled waveguide on the left side.After electromagnetic wave enters the dielectric-filled waveguide transmission on the left side after a segment distance, the arrays of vias that metallizes will be run into, then be divided into two-way and transmitted to bore face by dielectric-filled waveguide; Adjust the position of polygon vertex in the position of the dielectric-filled waveguide of this metallization arrays of vias head end on the left side and metallization arrays of vias, can ensure by the electromagnetic power of two dielectric-filled waveguides transmission equal; Transmitting in electromagnetic wave dielectric-filled waveguide on the right is also same situation, like this at the port that four, the bore face of antenna width is equal, electromagnetic amplitude is all consistent, and then reach and improve the aperture efficiency of antenna and the object of gain, and all satisfy condition due to the port width a of dielectric-filled waveguide namely port width a equals free space wavelength λ except the subduplicate twice subtracting 1 in medium relative dielectric constant ε, and therefore the wave impedance of electromagnetic wave in dielectric-filled waveguide equals the wave impedance of free space, and the reflection of such antenna opening diametric plane is just little.
Beneficial effect: the beneficial effect of the planar horn antenna of amplitude impedance calibration of the present invention is, improve antenna opening diametric plane power on magnetic wave amplitude consistency, simultaneously make again the electromagnetic wave impedance of antenna on bore face equal the wave impedance of free space, thus add the gain of antenna and reduce the return loss of antenna.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the planar horn antenna Facad structure schematic diagram of amplitude impedance calibration.
Fig. 2 is the planar horn antenna inverse layer structure schematic diagram of amplitude impedance calibration.
Have in figure: microstrip feed line 1, substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2, embedded metal via hole 3, medium substrate 4, the input/output port 5 of antenna, the narrow port 6 of antenna 2, conduction band 7, first metal flat 8, ground plane 9, second metal flat 10, metallization via hole trumpet side walls 11, the narrow parallel-segment 12 of antenna, the wide parallel-segment 13 of antenna, metallization arrays of vias 14, intermediate metallization arrays of vias 15, left side dielectric-filled waveguide 16, the right dielectric-filled waveguide 17, the head end 18 of intermediate metallization arrays of vias straight line, the tail end 19 of intermediate metallization arrays of vias straight line, the bore face 20 of antenna, left side metallization arrays of vias 21, the right metallization arrays of vias 22, first medium fills waveguide 23, second medium fills waveguide 24, 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide 25 and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide 26.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment of the present invention is: the planar horn antenna of amplitude impedance calibration comprises microstrip feed line 1, substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 and embedded metal via hole 3, this three part is all integrated on same medium substrate 4, one end of microstrip feed line 1 is the input/output port 5 of antenna, the other end of microstrip feed line 1 connects with the narrow port 6 of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2, the conduction band 7 of microstrip feed line 1 connects with the first metal flat 8 of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna, the ground plane 9 of microstrip feed line 1 connects with the second metal flat 10 of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna, substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 is made up of two metal flats 8 and 10 and two row's metallization via hole trumpet side walls 11, two metal flats 8 and 10 lay respectively at the two sides of medium substrate 4, connect two row's metallization via sidewall 11 of two metal flats 8 and 10, formed one section narrow parallel-segment 12 before this, flare up is tubaeform and then become one section wide parallel-segment 13 gradually again, metallization via hole 3 embedded in substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 connects two metal flats 8 and 10, and these embedded metallization via holes 3 form three metallization arrays of vias 14, metallization arrays of vias 15 is wherein positioned at the position in the middle of horn antenna two side 11, and in the both sides of the metallization arrays of vias 15 of centre, symmetrical has left side dielectric-filled waveguide 16 and the right dielectric-filled waveguide 17, intermediate metallization arrays of vias 15 shape is one section of straight line, and the head end 18 of intermediate metallization arrays of vias straight line is near the narrow port 6 of horn antenna, and the tail end 19 of intermediate metallization arrays of vias straight line reaches the bore face 20 of horn antenna, in the dielectric-filled waveguide 16 on the horn antenna left side, there is the arrays of vias 21 that metallizes, dielectric-filled waveguide 16 is divided into first medium and fills waveguide 23 and second medium filling waveguide 24, in dielectric-filled waveguide 17 on the right of horn antenna, there is the arrays of vias 22 that metallizes, dielectric-filled waveguide 17 is divided into the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide 25 and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide 26, metallization arrays of vias 21 and 22 shape is all that a paragraph header end straightway connects polygon and connects one section of tail end straightway again, the head end of these metallization arrays of vias 21 and 22 all near the direction of the narrow port 6 of horn antenna 2, the tail end of metallization arrays of vias 21 and 22 is on the bore face 20 of horn antenna 2, these metallization arrays of vias 15,21 and 22 are divided into the equal dielectric-filled waveguide 23,24,25 and 26 of four width the wide parallel-segment 13 of antenna 2, and the width setting dielectric-filled waveguide makes dielectric-filled waveguide 23,24,25 and 26 all equal the wave impedance of free space in the wave impedance of antenna opening diametric plane.
In dielectric-filled waveguide, the propagating wave impedance of the main mould of electromagnetic wave (TE10 mould) is all relevant with the width of dielectric-filled waveguide, and the width of dielectric-filled waveguide is wider, and the wave impedance of main mould is lower; Otherwise dielectric-filled waveguide width is narrower, the wave impedance of main mould is higher.Electromagnetic wave enters one end of microstrip feed line 1 from the port 5 of antenna, the narrow port 6 of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna 2 is entered through microstrip feed line 1, after propagating a segment distance, run into intermediate metallization arrays of vias 15, due to symmetry, the electromagnetic wave two-way that just point success rate is equal enters left side dielectric-filled waveguide 16 respectively and the right dielectric-filled waveguide 17 transmits.Two dielectric-filled waveguide 16 and 17 full symmetrics in left and right, for dielectric-filled waveguide 16 explanation on the left side, after the dielectric-filled waveguide 16 entering the left side when electromagnetic wave transmits after a segment distance, left side metallization arrays of vias 21 will be run into, be divided into two-way again to transmit respectively by the direction of dielectric-filled waveguide 23 and 24 to antenna opening diametric plane 20, the head-end location of the arrays of vias 21 that metallizes in the dielectric-filled waveguide 16 on the adjustment left side and the position of polygon vertex, can make by the electromagnetic power of dielectric-filled waveguide 23 and dielectric-filled waveguide 24 transmission equal, transmitting in electromagnetic wave dielectric-filled waveguide 17 on the right is also same situation, like this at the port that four, the bore face of antenna width is equal, electromagnetic amplitude is all consistent, and then reach and improve the aperture efficiency of antenna and the object of gain, and all satisfy condition due to the port width a of dielectric-filled waveguide 23,24,25 and 26 namely port width a equals free space wavelength λ except the subduplicate twice subtracting 1 in medium relative dielectric constant ε, and therefore the wave impedance of electromagnetic wave in dielectric-filled waveguide equals the wave impedance of free space, and the reflection of such antenna opening diametric plane is just little.
In technique, the planar horn antenna of amplitude impedance calibration both can adopt common printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) technique, and the integrated circuit technologies such as LTCC (LTCC) technique or CMOS, Si substrate also can be adopted to realize.The via hole 3,11 that wherein metallizes can be hollow metal through hole also can be solid metal hole, and also can be continuous print metallization wall, the shape of metal throuth hole can be circular, also can be square or other shapes.
Structurally, due to the equal condition of wave impedance will be met, the port width of dielectric-filled waveguide is certain, thus the width of antenna opening diametric plane 20 just can not set arbitrarily, because keep dielectric-filled waveguide to equal the wave impedance of free space in the wave impedance of port, the dielectric constant of medium substrate 4 is certain, then the port width of dielectric-filled waveguide is also certain, therefore the dielectric-filled waveguide quantity at antenna opening diametric plane place doubles, and bore face 20 width of antenna also will double.According to same thinking, four strip metal arrays of vias can be added again four dielectric-filled waveguides are divided into eight dielectric-filled waveguides, and make the electromagnetic wave power that arrived on antenna opening diametric planes 20 by these eight dielectric-filled waveguides the same and port wave impedance all equals the wave impedance of free space, so not only the reflection of antenna is little, amplitude distribution simultaneously on bore face 20 is more even, but the overall width of antenna opening diametric plane 20 will double.Due to the metallization via sidewall 11 the closer to antenna, the distance that electromagnetic wave arrives antenna opening diametric plane 20 is far away, therefore relative to from the dielectric-filled waveguide away from metallization via sidewall 11, from the width relative narrower of dielectric-filled waveguide close to metallization via sidewall 11 to obtain higher electromagnetic transmission phase velocity.Polygon in metallization arrays of vias 21 and 22 can be triangle, quadrangle, pentagon or other polygon, and the shape on these polygonal limits or many limits can be straight line, camber line or other curve; Head end straightway in metallization arrays of vias 21 and 22 and the shape of tail end straightway can be straight line, broken line, exponential line or other curve etc.
According to the above, just the present invention can be realized.

Claims (5)

1. a planar horn antenna for amplitude impedance calibration, is characterized in that this antenna comprises the microstrip feed line (1) be arranged on medium substrate (4), substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2) and embedded metal via hole (3); One end of described microstrip feed line (1) is the input/output port (5) of antenna, and the other end of microstrip feed line (1) connects with the narrow port (6) of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2); Substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2) to be connected the first metal flat (8) and the second metal flat (10) by the first metal flat (8) being positioned at medium substrate (4) one side, the second metal flat (10) of being positioned at medium substrate (4) another side two rows with through medium substrate (4) via hole trumpet side walls (11) that metallizes forms; In substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2), embedded metal via hole (3) connects the first metal flat (8) and the second metal flat (10), and forms intermediate metallization arrays of vias (15), left side metallization arrays of vias (21) and the right metallization arrays of vias (22); Intermediate metallization arrays of vias (15) is positioned at the position in the middle of two sidewalls (11) of substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2), and substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2) is divided into symmetrical left side dielectric-filled waveguide (16) and the right dielectric-filled waveguide (17); Left side metallization arrays of vias (21) is divided into first medium left side dielectric-filled waveguide (16) and fills waveguide (23) and second medium filling waveguide (24), and the right metallization arrays of vias (22) is divided into the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide (25) and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide (26) the dielectric-filled waveguide on the right (17); First medium fills waveguide (23), second medium fills waveguide (24), a port of the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide (25) and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide (26) is all towards the direction of the narrow port of antenna (6), its another port is all on antenna opening diametric plane (20), and four dielectric-filled waveguides (23-26) are the same at the width of antenna opening diametric plane (20) upper port, and the wave impedance of port all equals the wave impedance of free space;
Described left side metallization arrays of vias (21) and the right arrays of vias (22) shape that metallizes is all to be connected successively with end section three sections by head portion, polygon to form; The metallize shape of head portion in arrays of vias (22) or end section of left side metallization arrays of vias (21) and the right is straight line or broken line or exponential line; Left side metallization arrays of vias (21) and the right polygon metallized in arrays of vias (22) are the polygons that triangle or quadrangle or pentagon or other limit number are greater than five; The head end on left side metallization arrays of vias (21) and the right metallization arrays of vias (22) is all near the direction of the narrow port (6) of horn antenna, and the tail end on left side metallization arrays of vias (21) and the right metallization arrays of vias (22) is on antenna opening diametric plane (20);
Select the position in the middle head portion in left side metallization arrays of vias (21) or polygon on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide (16), make the electromagnetic power of filling transmission in waveguide (23) and second medium filling waveguide (24) at first medium equal;
Select the position on the right in dielectric-filled waveguide (17) of head portion or polygon in the right metallization arrays of vias (22), make the electromagnetic power that transmits in the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide (25) and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide (26) equal.
2. the planar horn antenna of a kind of amplitude impedance calibration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described intermediate metallization arrays of vias (15) shape is one section of straight line, the narrow port (6) of the close substrate integration wave-guide horn antenna (2) of head end (18) of intermediate metallization arrays of vias (15), the tail end (19) of intermediate metallization arrays of vias (15) is in antenna opening diametric plane (20).
3. the planar horn antenna of a kind of amplitude impedance calibration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described left side dielectric-filled waveguide (16), the right dielectric-filled waveguide (17), first medium fills waveguide (23), second medium fills waveguide (24), the width of the 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide (25) and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide (26) all will ensure that its main mould can on the left side dielectric-filled waveguide (16), the right dielectric-filled waveguide (17), first medium fills waveguide (23), second medium fills waveguide (24), transmission in 3rd dielectric-filled waveguide (25) and the 4th dielectric-filled waveguide (26) and not being cut off.
4. the planar horn antenna of a kind of amplitude impedance calibration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described two rows' metallization via hole trumpet side walls (11), flare up is tubaeform and then connect one section of wide parallel-segment (13) and form gradually to connect one section by one section of narrow parallel-segment (12).
5. the planar horn antenna of a kind of amplitude impedance calibration according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in metallization via hole trumpet side walls (11), the spacing of two adjacent metallization via holes is less than or equals 1/10th of operation wavelength, makes the metallization via hole trumpet side walls (11) formed can be equivalent to electric wall; The spacing of two adjacent embedded metal via holes (3) will be equal to or less than 1/10th of operation wavelength, makes the intermediate metallization arrays of vias (15) of formation, left side metallization arrays of vias (21) and the right metallization arrays of vias (22) can be equivalent to electric wall.
CN201210564047.1A 2012-12-21 2012-12-21 Amplitude impedance calibrated planar horn antenna Expired - Fee Related CN103022714B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103594804B (en) * 2013-11-29 2016-02-03 东南大学 Thin substrate slot-line planar horn antenna
CN103606746B (en) * 2013-11-29 2016-03-16 东南大学 Thin substrate broadband planar horn antenna
CN103594808B (en) * 2013-11-29 2015-12-09 东南大学 Thin substrate slot-line difference-beam planar horn antenna

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CN1949590A (en) * 2006-10-27 2007-04-18 东南大学 Substrate integrated waveguide comb-shaped power distributor
CN101179155A (en) * 2007-11-12 2008-05-14 杭州电子科技大学 H face sectoral horn antenna including filter function

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CN101026263B (en) * 2006-02-22 2011-06-15 南京理工大学 Substrate integrated waveguide small-sized prism type horn antenna
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