CN103004334A - Full automatic plot precision sowing machine - Google Patents
Full automatic plot precision sowing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103004334A CN103004334A CN2012105631858A CN201210563185A CN103004334A CN 103004334 A CN103004334 A CN 103004334A CN 2012105631858 A CN2012105631858 A CN 2012105631858A CN 201210563185 A CN201210563185 A CN 201210563185A CN 103004334 A CN103004334 A CN 103004334A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of agriculture planting mechanical equipment, in particular to a full automatic plot precision sowing machine, which comprises a machine frame, land wheels, a working platform, a seed supplying device, an electric control device, a blower, seed sowing mechanisms, and seed discharging pipes. The land wheels are mounted on the two sides of the machine frame, the working platform is mounted at the upper end of the machine frame, the seed supplying device is fixed at the upper part of the working platform, the electric control device and the blower are mounted on the machine frame, the seed sowing mechanisms are fixedly connected to the lower end of the machine frame, and the lower end of the seed supplying device is connected with the seed sowing mechanisms through the seed discharging pipes. When in operation, the sowing machine can complete precision sowing tasks of different areas through simple operations during the advancing process of the complete machine; the sowing machine has high automation degree and high sowing efficiency, can ensure the planting distance and line spacing, realizes precision sowing, and fully meets the sowing operation requirements of breeding experiment plots during the process of crop new species cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the residential quarter precision sower of a kind of agricultural planting field plant equipment, particularly a kind of full-automation.
Background technology
In the new crop varieties cultivating process, often need a large amount of selection experiment residential quarters, the seeding operation of experiment residential quarter is a most important link in the whole selection experiment process, with regard to present circumstances, the process that most domestic scientific research institution carries out cell breeding all is to adopt the artificial seeding, and workload is very large, and labour intensity is high, and biological engineering's possibility seeding quantity and sowing depth are inhomogeneous, directly have influence on the effect of selection experiment; Some scientific research institution carries out the plant planter that cell breeding adopts the research and development of controlling oneself, although it can realize the function of residential quarter sowing, but all be the drilling structure, can only simply guarantee line-spacing, and can't realize the precision drilling function, both can't be implemented in the residential quarter sowing fixed qty, the fixing seed of spacing in the rows.
In order to cultivate new varieties and to carry out the field experiment such as comparative variety trial and design, use the residential quarter precision sower to sow for the research and development of residential quarter precision sower, its seeding quantity and sowing depth can uniformities, improved the accuracy of test; The residential quarter precision sower is different from common plant planter, and it has special requirement such as in the sowing zone of regulation, can only sow the seed of same kind, and must guarantee spacing in the rows, line-spacing; After a zone sowing finishes, must thoroughly clear up the residual seed of seeder inside, avoid causing impurity of seeds; Need to be applicable to dissimilar planting seed etc., our starting point is exactly to develop a higher residential quarter precision sower of automaticity that can satisfy this type of specific demand.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of residential quarter precision sower of full-automation of integrated Mechatronic control system, it has been realized in the process that equipment advances by shirtsleeve operation, can finish the task of zones of different precision drilling, this sower automaticity is high, and can guarantee spacing in the rows, line-spacing, after manually will need only needing the seed sowed to be positioned in the fixed container during operation, other work is finished by the control panel setting.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention realizes as follows: the residential quarter precision sower of a kind of full-automation of the present invention comprises frame, be installed on the land wheel of frame both sides, be installed on the workbench of frame upper end, be fixed in kind of the device that supplies of workbench top, be installed on electric control gear and blower fan on the frame, be fixedly connected on the sowing mechanism of frame lower end, described lower end for kind of device is connected with sowing mechanism by discharging tube, it is characterized in that:
Described kind of the device that supplies comprises the wheeled seed sorting mechanism of the honeycomb that is installed on the frame and cartridge-type seed sorting mechanism; The wheeled seed sorting mechanism of described honeycomb is divided into and is independently divided kind of a chamber, and each minute plants a chamber and be equipped with the grain tube interface, and the grain tube interface enters kind of a mouth by grain tube with the seeding unit that is connected in frame lower end sowing mechanism and is connected; Described cartridge-type seed sorting mechanism comprises kind of a box, is used for the kind box recovery pallet that driving is planted the kind box drive motors of box motion and is used for back seed collecting box, the end of cartridge-type seed sorting mechanism is provided with the chamber of independently sowing, the sow lower end in chamber is provided with the grain tube interface, and the grain tube interface enters kind of a mouth by grain tube with the seeding unit that is connected in frame lower end sowing mechanism and is connected;
Described sowing mechanism comprises plough, seeding unit, seeding motor, surface dust suppression mechanism and plants clearly disposable box; Described seeding unit comprises without planting the chamber, kind of chamber and seeding disk being arranged; Describedly separated by the seeding disk with having between kind of the chamber without planting the chamber; Described seeding disk is provided with suction hole; Describedly be provided with without planting chamber air intake duct interface without planting the chamber, have kind of a chamber to be provided with that seeding unit enters kind of mouth and seeding unit is planted clearly mouth; Described seeding unit enters kind of a mouth place and is provided with the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth; The clutch end of described seeding motor is fixedly connected with the seeding disc centre, drives the seeding disk and rotates; Described clear kind of disposable box comprises box body, collection box air intake duct, seed recovery tube and separate mesh, and separate mesh is divided into suction muffler and clear two chambeies of recycling cavity of planting with box body inside, and the collection box air intake duct is communicated with suction muffler, and the seed recovery tube is communicated with the clear recycling cavity of planting;
The inlet scoop of described blower fan is connected with nothing kind chamber air intake duct interface on the seeding unit by aspiration channel, is provided with automatically controlled sowing valve without planting between the air intake duct interface of chamber on the inlet scoop of blower fan and the seeding unit; The inlet scoop of described blower fan is connected with collection box air intake duct on the clear kind disposable box by aspiration channel, and the inlet scoop of blower fan and clear the kind on the disposable box are provided with automatically controlled clear kind of valve between the collection box air intake duct; The clear seed recovery tube of planting on the disposable box is planted clearly mouth by seeding unit on clear kind pipe and the seeding unit and is connected;
Described electric control gear comprises the control system of electric cabinet, broadcast leakage monitoring device, operation bench and operation bench inside; Described control system electrically connects with planting box drive motors formation, control kind of a box drive motors rotating; Described control system and seeding motor formation electrically connect, control seeding electric machine rotation; The velocity sensor formation that arranges on described control system and the land wheel electrically connects, and is used for monitoring complete machine operating rate, and can be by calculating the travel distance of complete machine; Described control system is controlled the velocity of rotation of seeding motor by monitoring complete machine operating rate; Described control system and seeding unit enter the automatically controlled gate formation of kind of the planting mouth of mouth place setting and electrically connect, and are used for the switch of the automatically controlled gate of control planting mouth; Described control system and automatically controlled sowing valve, automatically controlled clear kind of valve formation electrically connect, and are used for controlling the switch of automatically controlled sowing valve and automatically controlled clear kind of valve; Described control system and broadcast leakage monitoring device formation electrically connect, and broadcast leakage information can be shown at operation bench.
Be provided with manometer on the described blower fan, be used for implementing monitoring blower fan air pressure inside.
Described seeding motor is fixedly connected on the sowing mechanism frame by electric machine support.
Described clear kind of disposable box is connected on the sowing mechanism frame by support.
Be provided with the profiling linkage on the described sowing mechanism, can realize sowing the single file profiling.
Described seeding motor adopts stepper motor.
Described kind of box drive motors adopts stepper motor.
In the real cell seeding process, at first should be according to the method for field experiment, determine the sowing length of residential quarter, each sows the spacing distance of minizone, the distance value of sowing original position and first residential quarter, spacing in the rows value and leading value, arrange according to the residential quarter precision sower of the every numerical value that determines to full-automation of the present invention, wherein line-spacing is to finish by adjusting the installation site of each sowing mechanism on frame, other numerical value comprises the sowing length of residential quarter, each sows the spacing distance of minizone, distance value and the spacing in the rows value of sowing original position and first residential quarter must be input in the control system of operation bench inside by operation bench first, calculate to guarantee that by control system the numerical value of sowing according to setting carries out.
When starting the sowing program, just begin the seeding disk and also do not had absorbed seed, when automatically controlled sowing valve open, the inlet scoop without kind chamber connection blower fan of seeding unit, when the clutch end of seeding motor drives the rotation of seeding disk, the seeding disk that is adsorbed onto that seed in kind of the chamber will a grain that has of seeding unit is provided with the suction hole place, after the seeding disk rotates a week, can think that the suction hole of seeding disk is covered with seed, the seeding disk rotates the driving tachometer value of first lap, it is the velocity of rotation value of the clutch end of seeding motor, need to be input in the control system of operation bench inside by operation bench, this drives tachometer value can carry out different settings according to the difference of seed size, because its suffered absorption affinity of the seed that varies in size can be different, excessive velocities can cause incessantly seed of seeding disk absorption, causes broadcast leakage.At seeding time, must guarantee when sower arrives effectively the sowing zone, make the seeding disk just in time rotate a week and be covered with seed that one enters effective sowing when regional, namely begins to sow; Be covered with seed if cross as far back as the seeding disk, can cause sower also not enter effective sowing zone, just have seed in the seeding unit and land; If when sower entered effective sowing zone, the seeding disk also was not covered with seed, will cause the broadcast leakage phenomenon to occur, also be the crucial part of process control of the present invention herein.
A kind of control method that is applicable on the full-automatic residential quarter precision sower is characterized in that, comprises following control step:
1) ready seed is put into for kind of a device, and the driving tachometer value n when distance value N, the spacing in the rows S of the spacing distance M, sowing original position that with the sowing length L of residential quarter, respectively sow the minizone at operation bench and the first sowing residential quarter and seeding disk rotation first lap cloth kind (revolutions per second) input control system;
2) starting device, sower enter normal transport condition, and blower fan is opened, and control system timing, and the velocity sensor monitoring complete machine gait of march v by arranging on the land wheel are by can be calculated the travel distance L of complete machine
1
3) start for kind of a device, when the seed arrival seeding unit of the first sowing residential quarter enters the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth of kind of mouth place setting, control system will be controlled the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth and open, the seed of the first sowing residential quarter will fall into kind of the chamber that has of seeding unit, and control system will be closed the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth; Again start for kind of a device, the seed of the second sowing residential quarter arrives seeding unit and enters the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth that kind of mouth place arranges;
4) the needed time it is 1/n (second) when can be calculated the seeding disk and rotate first lap cloth kind, as complete machine travel distance L
1During=N-v/n, control system will be opened automatically controlled sowing valve, seeding unit connect the inlet scoop of blower fan without planting the chamber, and drive the seeding motor with the driving tachometer value n that sets (revolutions per second) work, after seeding disk rotation first lap was booked seed, complete machine entered the first sowing residential quarter;
5) enter the first sowing residential quarter after, control system will realize that seeding motor speed and velocity sensor monitoring complete machine gait of march v is synchronous by servo-actuated control, thus the setting value S of assurance spacing in the rows;
6) calculate the travel distance L of complete machine when control system
1During=N+L, the first sowing residential quarter sowing finishes, complete machine enters the residential quarter intervallum between the first sowing residential quarter and the second sowing residential quarter, control system will be closed automatically controlled sowing valve, and open automatically controlled clear kind of valve, the inlet scoop of blower fan plants with clear that the collection box air intake duct is communicated with on the disposable box, seeding unit have residue seed in kind of the chamber to be drawn to plant clearly in the disposable box, kind of the chamber that has of seeding unit is cleared;
7) control system will be controlled the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth and open, and the seed of the second sowing residential quarter will fall into kind of the chamber that has of seeding unit, and control system will be closed the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth; Start for kind of a device, the seed of the 3rd sowing residential quarter arrives seeding unit and enters the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth that kind of mouth place arranges;
The needed time was 1/n (second) when 8) the seeding disk rotated first lap cloth kind, as complete machine travel distance L
1During=N+L+M-v/n, control system will be opened automatically controlled sowing valve, seeding unit connect the inlet scoop of blower fan without planting the chamber, and drive the seeding motor with the driving tachometer value n that sets (revolutions per second) work, after seeding disk rotation first lap was booked seed, complete machine entered the second sowing residential quarter;
9) according to step 5) carry out the second sowing of sowing in the residential quarter.
Good effect of the present invention: the residential quarter precision sower of a kind of full-automation of the present invention, in the process of advancing by shirtsleeve operation, can finish the task of zones of different precision drilling, this sower automaticity and sowing efficient are all very high, and can be good at guaranteeing spacing in the rows, line-spacing, realized precision drilling, satisfied the demand of selection experiment residential quarter seeding operation in the new crop varieties cultivating process fully, very large market prospects have been arranged.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is overall structure schematic diagram a of the present invention
Fig. 2 is overall structure schematic diagram b of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of sowing mechanism of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of feed mechanism of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of clear kind of disposable box of the present invention
Fig. 6 is the blast structural representation of feed mechanism of the present invention
Fig. 7 is the structural representation that pipeline of the present invention connects
The schematic diagram in sowing zone when Fig. 8 is sowing
Among the figure,
The wheeled seed sorting mechanism 2 cartridge-type seed sorting mechanisms of 1 honeycomb 3 frames
4 electric cabinets, 5 land wheels, 6 blower fans
8 kinds of boxes of 7 sowing mechanisms reclaim pallet 9 seeding motors
10 seeding units, the 11 clear disposable box 12 seeding disks of planting
13 nothings are planted chamber air intake duct interface 14 seeding units and are planted clearly mouthful 15 seed recovery tubes
16 separate meshes, the 17 clear recycling cavities 18 of planting are without planting the chamber
19 have kind of chamber 20 aspiration channels, 21 automatically controlled sowing valves
22 automatically controlled clear kind of valve 23 collection box air intake ducts 24 profiling linkages
25 electric machine supports, 26 box bodys, 27 suction mufflers
The 28 clear pipes of planting
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the residential quarter precision sower of a kind of full-automation of the present invention comprises frame (3), be installed on the land wheel (5) of frame (3) both sides, be installed on the workbench of frame (3) upper end, be fixed in kind of the device that supplies of workbench top, be installed on electric control gear and blower fan (6) on the frame (3), be fixedly connected on the sowing mechanism (7) of frame (3) lower end, described lower end for kind of device is connected with sowing mechanism (7) by discharging tube, it is characterized in that:
Described kind of the device that supplies comprises the wheeled seed sorting mechanism of honeycomb (1) and the cartridge-type seed sorting mechanism (2) that is installed on the frame (3); The wheeled seed sorting mechanism of described honeycomb (1) is divided into and is independently divided kind of a chamber, and each minute plants a chamber and be equipped with the grain tube interface, and the grain tube interface enters kind of a mouth by grain tube with the seeding unit that is connected in frame (3) lower end sowing mechanism (7) and is connected; Described cartridge-type seed sorting mechanism (2) comprises kind of a box, is used for the kind box recovery pallet (8) that driving is planted the kind box drive motors of box motion and is used for back seed collecting box, the end of cartridge-type seed sorting mechanism (2) is provided with the chamber of independently sowing, the sow lower end in chamber is provided with the grain tube interface, and the grain tube interface enters kind of a mouth by grain tube with the seeding unit that is connected in frame (3) lower end sowing mechanism (7) and is connected;
As shown in Figure 3, described sowing mechanism (7) comprises plough, seeding unit (10), seeding motor (9), surface dust suppression mechanism and plants clearly disposable box (11); Such as Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 6, described seeding unit (10) comprises without planting chamber (18), kind of a chamber (19) and seeding disk (12) being arranged; Describedly separated by seeding disk (12) with having between kind of the chamber (19) without planting chamber (18); Described seeding disk (12) is provided with suction hole; Describedly be provided with without planting chamber air intake duct interface (13) without planting chamber (18), have kind of a chamber (19) to be provided with that seeding unit enters kind of mouth and seeding unit is planted clearly mouthful (14); Described seeding unit enters kind of a mouth place and is provided with the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth; The clutch end of described seeding motor (9) is fixedly connected with seeding disk (12) center, drives seeding disk (12) and rotates; As shown in Figure 5, described clear kind of disposable box (11) comprises box body (26), collection box air intake duct (23), seed recovery tube (15) and separate mesh (16), separate mesh (16) is divided into suction muffler (27) and clear (17) two chambeies of recycling cavity of planting with box body (26) inside, collection box air intake duct (23) is communicated with suction muffler (27), and seed recovery tube (15) is communicated with the clear recycling cavity (17) of planting;
As shown in Figure 7, the inlet scoop of described blower fan (6) is connected without planting chamber air intake duct interface (13) by aspiration channel (20) and seeding unit (10) are upper, and the inlet scoop of blower fan (6) and seeding unit (10) are upper to be provided with automatically controlled sowing valve without planting between the chamber air intake duct interface (13); The inlet scoop of described blower fan (6) is connected with the clear upper collection box air intake duct (23) of disposable box (11) of planting by aspiration channel, and the inlet scoop of blower fan (6) and clear the kind between the upper collection box air intake duct (23) of disposable box (11) are provided with automatically controlled clear kind of valve; Clear plant the upper seed recovery tube (15) of disposable box (11) by clear plant pipe (28) and seeding unit (10) upward seeding unit plant clearly mouth (14) and be connected;
Described electric control gear comprises the control system of electric cabinet (4), broadcast leakage monitoring device, operation bench and operation bench inside; Described control system electrically connects with planting box drive motors formation, control kind of a box drive motors rotating; Described control system and seeding motor formation electrically connect, control seeding electric machine rotation; The velocity sensor formation that arranges on described control system and the land wheel electrically connects, and is used for monitoring complete machine operating rate, and can be by calculating the travel distance of complete machine; Described control system is controlled the velocity of rotation of seeding motor by monitoring complete machine operating rate; Described control system and seeding unit enter the automatically controlled gate formation of kind of the planting mouth of mouth place setting and electrically connect, and are used for the switch of the automatically controlled gate of control planting mouth; Described control system and automatically controlled sowing valve, automatically controlled clear kind of valve formation electrically connect, and are used for controlling the switch of automatically controlled sowing valve and automatically controlled clear kind of valve; Described control system and broadcast leakage monitoring device formation electrically connect, and broadcast leakage information can be shown at operation bench.
Described blower fan is provided with manometer on (6), is used for implementing monitoring blower fan (6) air pressure inside.
Described seeding motor (9) is fixedly connected on the sowing mechanism frame by electric machine support (25).
Described clear kind of disposable box (11) is connected on the sowing mechanism frame by support.
Described sowing mechanism is provided with the profiling linkage on (7), can realize sowing the single file profiling.
Described seeding motor (9) adopts stepper motor.
Described kind of box drive motors adopts stepper motor.
The course of work of the present invention:
1) ready seed is put into for kind of a device, as shown in Figure 8, and driving tachometer value n during with the first sowing distance value N, spacing in the rows S of residential quarter and seeding disk rotation first lap cloth kind of the spacing distance M, sowing original position that with the sowing length L of residential quarter, respectively sow the minizone at operation bench (revolutions per second) input control system;
2) starting device, sower enter normal transport condition, and blower fan is opened, and control system timing, and the velocity sensor monitoring complete machine gait of march v by arranging on the land wheel are by can be calculated the travel distance L of complete machine
1
3) start for kind of a device, when the seed arrival seeding unit of the first sowing residential quarter enters the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth of kind of mouth place setting, control system will be controlled the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth and open, the seed of the first sowing residential quarter will fall into kind of the chamber that has of seeding unit, and control system will be closed the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth; Again start for kind of a device, the seed of the second sowing residential quarter arrives seeding unit and enters the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth that kind of mouth place arranges;
4) the needed time it is 1/n (second) when can be calculated the seeding disk and rotate first lap cloth kind, as complete machine travel distance L
1During=N-v/n, control system will be opened automatically controlled sowing valve, seeding unit connect the inlet scoop of blower fan without planting the chamber, and drive the seeding motor with the driving tachometer value n that sets (revolutions per second) work, after seeding disk rotation first lap was booked seed, complete machine entered the first sowing residential quarter;
5) enter the first sowing residential quarter after, control system will realize that seeding motor speed and velocity sensor monitoring complete machine gait of march v is synchronous by servo-actuated control, thus the setting value S of assurance spacing in the rows;
6) calculate the travel distance L of complete machine when control system
1During=N+L, the first sowing residential quarter sowing finishes, complete machine enters the residential quarter intervallum between the first sowing residential quarter and the second sowing residential quarter, control system will be closed automatically controlled sowing valve, and open automatically controlled clear kind of valve, the inlet scoop of blower fan plants with clear that the collection box air intake duct is communicated with on the disposable box, seeding unit have residue seed in kind of the chamber to be drawn to plant clearly in the disposable box, kind of the chamber that has of seeding unit is cleared;
7) control system will be controlled the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth and open, and the seed of the second sowing residential quarter will fall into kind of the chamber that has of seeding unit, and control system will be closed the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth; Start for kind of a device, the seed of the 3rd sowing residential quarter arrives seeding unit and enters the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth that kind of mouth place arranges;
The needed time was 1/n (second) when 8) the seeding disk rotated first lap cloth kind, as complete machine travel distance L
1During=N+L+M-v/n, control system will be opened automatically controlled sowing valve, seeding unit connect the inlet scoop of blower fan without planting the chamber, and drive the seeding motor with the driving tachometer value n that sets (revolutions per second) work, after seeding disk rotation first lap was booked seed, complete machine entered the second sowing residential quarter;
9) according to step 5) carry out the second sowing of sowing in the residential quarter.
Claims (8)
1. the residential quarter precision sower of a full-automation, comprise frame, be installed on the land wheel of frame both sides, be installed on the workbench of frame upper end, be fixed in kind of the device that supplies of workbench top, be installed on electric control gear and blower fan on the frame, be fixedly connected on the sowing mechanism of frame lower end, described lower end for kind of device is connected with sowing mechanism by discharging tube, it is characterized in that:
Described kind of the device that supplies comprises the wheeled seed sorting mechanism of the honeycomb that is installed on the frame and cartridge-type seed sorting mechanism; The wheeled seed sorting mechanism of described honeycomb is divided into and is independently divided kind of a chamber, and each minute plants a chamber and be equipped with the grain tube interface, and the grain tube interface enters kind of a mouth by grain tube with the seeding unit that is connected in frame lower end sowing mechanism and is connected; Described cartridge-type seed sorting mechanism comprises kind of a box, is used for the kind box recovery pallet that driving is planted the kind box drive motors of box motion and is used for back seed collecting box, the end of cartridge-type seed sorting mechanism is provided with the chamber of independently sowing, the sow lower end in chamber is provided with the grain tube interface, and the grain tube interface enters kind of a mouth by grain tube with the seeding unit that is connected in frame lower end sowing mechanism and is connected;
Described sowing mechanism comprises plough, seeding unit, seeding motor, surface dust suppression mechanism and plants clearly disposable box; Described seeding unit comprises without planting the chamber, kind of chamber and seeding disk being arranged; Describedly separated by the seeding disk with having between kind of the chamber without planting the chamber; Described seeding disk is provided with suction hole; Describedly be provided with without planting chamber air intake duct interface without planting the chamber, have kind of a chamber to be provided with that seeding unit enters kind of mouth and seeding unit is planted clearly mouth; Described seeding unit enters kind of a mouth place and is provided with the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth; The clutch end of described seeding motor is fixedly connected with the seeding disc centre, drives the seeding disk and rotates; Described clear kind of disposable box comprises box body, collection box air intake duct, seed recovery tube and separate mesh, and separate mesh is divided into suction muffler and clear two chambeies of recycling cavity of planting with box body inside, and the collection box air intake duct is communicated with suction muffler, and the seed recovery tube is communicated with the clear recycling cavity of planting;
The inlet scoop of described blower fan is connected with nothing kind chamber air intake duct interface on the seeding unit by aspiration channel, is provided with automatically controlled sowing valve without planting between the air intake duct interface of chamber on the inlet scoop of blower fan and the seeding unit; The inlet scoop of described blower fan is connected with collection box air intake duct on the clear kind disposable box by aspiration channel, and the inlet scoop of blower fan and clear the kind on the disposable box are provided with automatically controlled clear kind of valve between the collection box air intake duct; The clear seed recovery tube of planting on the disposable box is planted clearly mouth by seeding unit on clear kind pipe and the seeding unit and is connected;
Described electric control gear comprises the control system of electric cabinet, broadcast leakage monitoring device, operation bench and operation bench inside; Described control system electrically connects with planting box drive motors formation, control kind of a box drive motors rotating; Described control system and seeding motor formation electrically connect, control seeding electric machine rotation; The velocity sensor formation that arranges on described control system and the land wheel electrically connects, and is used for monitoring complete machine operating rate, and can be by calculating the travel distance of complete machine; Described control system is controlled the velocity of rotation of seeding motor by monitoring complete machine operating rate; Described control system and seeding unit enter the automatically controlled gate formation of kind of the planting mouth of mouth place setting and electrically connect, and are used for the switch of the automatically controlled gate of control planting mouth; Described control system and automatically controlled sowing valve, automatically controlled clear kind of valve formation electrically connect, and are used for controlling the switch of automatically controlled sowing valve and automatically controlled clear kind of valve; Described control system and broadcast leakage monitoring device formation electrically connect, and broadcast leakage information can be shown at operation bench.
2. the residential quarter precision sower of a kind of full-automation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with manometer on the described blower fan, be used for implementing monitoring blower fan air pressure inside.
3. the residential quarter precision sower of a kind of full-automation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described seeding motor is fixedly connected on the sowing mechanism frame by electric machine support.
4. the residential quarter precision sower of a kind of full-automation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described clear kind of disposable box is connected on the sowing mechanism frame by support.
5. the residential quarter precision sower of a kind of full-automation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with the profiling linkage on the described sowing mechanism, can realize sowing the single file profiling.
6. the residential quarter precision sower of a kind of full-automation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described seeding motor employing stepper motor.
7. the residential quarter precision sower of a kind of full-automation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described kind of box drive motors employing stepper motor.
8. a control method that is applicable on the full-automatic residential quarter precision sower is characterized in that, comprises following control step:
1) ready seed is put into for kind of a device, and the driving tachometer value n when distance value N, the spacing in the rows S of the spacing distance M, sowing original position that with the sowing length L of residential quarter, respectively sow the minizone at operation bench and the first sowing residential quarter and seeding disk rotation first lap cloth kind (revolutions per second) input control system;
2) starting device, sower enter normal transport condition, and blower fan is opened, and control system timing, and the velocity sensor monitoring complete machine gait of march v by arranging on the land wheel are by can be calculated the travel distance L of complete machine
1
3) start for kind of a device, when the seed arrival seeding unit of the first sowing residential quarter enters the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth of kind of mouth place setting, control system will be controlled the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth and open, the seed of the first sowing residential quarter will fall into kind of the chamber that has of seeding unit, and control system will be closed the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth; Again start for kind of a device, the seed of the second sowing residential quarter arrives seeding unit and enters the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth that kind of mouth place arranges;
4) the needed time it is 1/n (second) when can be calculated the seeding disk and rotate first lap cloth kind, as complete machine travel distance L
1During=N-v/n, control system will be opened automatically controlled sowing valve, seeding unit connect the inlet scoop of blower fan without planting the chamber, and drive the seeding motor with the driving tachometer value n that sets (revolutions per second) work, after seeding disk rotation first lap was booked seed, complete machine entered the first sowing residential quarter;
5) enter the first sowing residential quarter after, control system will realize that seeding motor speed and velocity sensor monitoring complete machine gait of march v is synchronous by servo-actuated control, thus the setting value S of assurance spacing in the rows;
6) calculate the travel distance L of complete machine when control system
1During=N+L, the first sowing residential quarter sowing finishes, complete machine enters the residential quarter intervallum between the first sowing residential quarter and the second sowing residential quarter, control system will be closed automatically controlled sowing valve, and open automatically controlled clear kind of valve, the inlet scoop of blower fan plants with clear that the collection box air intake duct is communicated with on the disposable box, seeding unit have residue seed in kind of the chamber to be drawn to plant clearly in the disposable box, kind of the chamber that has of seeding unit is cleared;
7) control system will be controlled the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth and open, and the seed of the second sowing residential quarter will fall into kind of the chamber that has of seeding unit, and control system will be closed the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth; Start for kind of a device, the seed of the 3rd sowing residential quarter arrives seeding unit and enters the automatically controlled gate of planting mouth that kind of mouth place arranges;
The needed time was 1/n (second) when 8) the seeding disk rotated first lap cloth kind, as complete machine travel distance L
1During=N+L+M-v/n, control system will be opened automatically controlled sowing valve, seeding unit connect the inlet scoop of blower fan without planting the chamber, and drive the seeding motor with the driving tachometer value n that sets (revolutions per second) work, after seeding disk rotation first lap was booked seed, complete machine entered the second sowing residential quarter;
9) according to step 5) carry out the second sowing of sowing in the residential quarter.
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