CN105359685A - Pneumatic planter uniform low-loss gas path system, and gas distribution method - Google Patents
Pneumatic planter uniform low-loss gas path system, and gas distribution method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359685A CN105359685A CN201510894692.3A CN201510894692A CN105359685A CN 105359685 A CN105359685 A CN 105359685A CN 201510894692 A CN201510894692 A CN 201510894692A CN 105359685 A CN105359685 A CN 105359685A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/18—Machines for depositing quantities of seed at intervals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
- A01C7/081—Seeders depositing seeds in rows using pneumatic means
- A01C7/084—Pneumatic distribution heads for seeders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
- A01C7/206—Seed pipes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machine, and relates to a pneumatic planter uniform low-loss gas path system, and a gas distribution method. According to the pneumatic planter uniform low-loss gas path system, gas flow is delivered into a gas inlet pipe (13) of a gas flow distributor (1), and, through a diameter variable joint (12), is divided into a plurality of gas flows with the same gas flow size via a plurality of gas outlet pipes (15) uniformly distributed on a distributor circular plate (11), and then is delivered into a seed outlet pipe (4) via a pneumatic seed discharging unit (3); gas flow is released gradually via gas outlets (41) uniformly arranged on the pipe body of the seed outlet pipe (4) when every certain seed height is reduced, gas flow pressure in the seed outlet pipe (4) is reduced gradually, falling speed of seeds along with gas flow is reduced obviously, and at last the seeds are discharged via a seed outlet pipe seed outlet (42). The pneumatic planter uniform low-loss gas path system is capable of maintaining supply gas pressure of a plurality of lines of seeding unit seed sowing devices to be the same effectively, reducing draught fan power requirements via reducing loss generated in gas distribution process, and reducing pneumatic seed sowing device seed discharging speed obviously via increasing pressure relief of seed discharging process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural mechanical field, particularly the even low damage air-channel system of a kind of vapour-pressure type sower and air current composition method.
Background technology
In recent years, pneumatic type maize fine sowing technology is in China's extensive use.Pneumatic type seeder can realize high speed seeding operation, effectively can improve operating efficiency.The quality of pneumatic type precise seeding machine of corn sowing effect depends primarily on the quality of seeding unit, but whether Pneumatic seeding apparatus normally can work and depend on sower air-channel system.For pneumatic type seeder, whether consistent each row single seed sowing mechanism seed-metering performance uniformity that is and the distribution of gas circuit system airflow be closely bound up.
Pneumatic type seeder needs blower fan to provide the normal operation of enough blast and air quantity guarantee sower, existing pneumatic type seeder blower fan generally drives by tractor motive power output shaft or drives by tractor hydraulic system, and adopt straight tube air-channel system to carry out distribution of air flow, namely a straight tube arranges an air flow inlet and multiple air stream outlet, because outlet and entrance exist right-angle relationship and cause windage loss larger, and each branch air path due to and air flow inlet between distance uneven and cause distribution of air flow uneven, thus cause each row single seed sowing mechanism working effect to differ greatly.The reasonability of sower air-channel system distribution of air flow affects required drive size, and the gas circuit layout that distribution of air flow is reasonable, loss is lower has important effect for reduction energy consumption.
Pneumatic type seeder is divided into air-sucking type, vapour-pressure type etc. according to the operation principle of installed Pneumatic seeding apparatus.For adopting the sower of air-suction seeding unit, owing to there is negative pressure by air-suction chamber, seed leans on negative-pressure adsorption on seed plate, seed chamber does not have gas pressure, does not have initial velocity, fall to kind of a ditch according to the movement of falling object when seed discharges seeding unit, grain conductor adopts the grain conductor identical with mechanical seed sowing device, this type of seeding pipe diameter is comparatively large, and without the need to being directly connected with seeding unit, grain conductor entrance can export certain distance apart from seeding unit, and adopt the sower of vapour-pressure type seeding unit, seed chamber has higher malleation air-flow, along with air-flow has higher speed after seed discharges seeding unit, dispenser can only adopt the grain conductor of tubular structure, and discharging tube and seeding unit export to be needed continuously apart from being connected, need to increase extra pressure kind device when seed lands and carry out pressure kind, vapour-pressure type sower is applicable to the seeding operation of higher speed, but need to reduce the speed that seed discharges grain conductor as far as possible, thus for vapour-pressure type sower, seed is also most important to the high velocity air pressure release in discharging tube after discharging seeding unit.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide that a kind of structure is simple, distribution of air flow evenly rationally, windage loss is few, effectively reduce seeding speed, reduce seed bounces the even low damage air-channel system of a kind of vapour-pressure type sower of the production loss caused.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of even low damage air current composition method of vapour-pressure type sower.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The invention provides the even low damage air-channel system of a kind of vapour-pressure type sower, this system comprises vortex fan 10, air-flow distributor 1, air hose 2, vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 and discharging tube 4; Vortex fan 10 is fixed in frame 9; The seeding monomer that vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 and discharging tube 4 form is fixed in frame 9 by seeding monomer plate 7 and parallel four-bar linkage 8.
Described air-flow distributor 1 comprises distributor plectane 11, reducer union 12, enters tracheae 13, distributor installing plate 14 and escape pipe 15; Wherein, the disc of distributor plectane 11 is circumferentially evenly distributed with multiple circular hole, each circular hole is connected with an escape pipe 15 all with one heart; Reducer union 12 has first end and the second end, and the external diameter of described first end is identical with the external diameter of distributor plectane 11, and concentric affixed with distributor plectane 11; The one end entering tracheae 13 is concentric affixed with the second end of reducer union 12, and the other end is concentric affixed with distributor installing plate 14; Enter the internal diameter of tracheae 13, reducer union 12 second end internal diameter identical.
Described vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 comprises seed entrance 31, seeding unit air inlet pipe 32 and seeding unit and goes out kind of mouth 33.
Described air hose 2 is a flexible hose, can free bend, and it is connected with the escape pipe 15 of air-flow distributor 1 and the air inlet pipe 32 of vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 respectively by clip 21.
Described discharging tube 4 body has been evenly arranged multiple leakage port 41, and it is affixed that its top and seeding unit go out kind of mouth 33, and end is provided with discharging tube and goes out kind of mouth 42.
Preferably, in two vertical axis of symmetry of described distributor plectane 11 disc, four circular holes are circumferentially evenly distributed with; Four groups of seeding monomers are evenly equally spaced to both sides centered by vortex fan 10 central axis.
Preferably, the internal diameter of reducer union 12 first end is 2 times of the second end internal diameter.
Reducer union 12 cross section comprises inner concave curve section 16 and convex outer curve section 17, and inner concave curve section 16 is near the second end of reducer union 12.
Described distributor installing plate 14, between the air outlet being fixed in tracheae 13 and vortex fan 10; Distributor installing plate 14 is in fusiformis, and its center is provided with a big hole 19; The internal diameter of big hole 19 with enter the internal diameter of tracheae 13, vortex fan 10 air outlet circular hole internal diameter is identical; A distributor installing hole 18 is respectively arranged with in the both sides same distance of big hole 19 on the axis direction that distributor installing plate 14 is the longest, the aperture of distributor installing hole 18 is identical with the aperture of vortex fan 10 air outlet installing hole, and distributor installing plate 14 is affixed with vortex fan 10.
Preferably, shape profile and the identical rubber blanket of distributor installing plate 14 is provided with between described distributor installing plate 14 and the air outlet of vortex fan 10.
Described discharging tube 4 profile is upper end is straightway, and lower end is discharging tube curved section 43 near the side on earth's surface, and the side that discharging tube curved section 43 protrudes is identical with the direction of machine travel; The end face that described discharging tube goes out kind of mouth 42 is vertical with level ground.
Preferably, the straightway of described discharging tube 4 is 6 times of curved section 43.
It is affixed that described discharging tube 4 goes out kind of mouth 33 by discharging tube hold-down nut 5 and seeding unit; Described discharging tube 4 upper end is provided with a discharging tube boss 44, matches with the fixing step 51 that discharging tube hold-down nut 5 is arranged.
The invention provides the vapour-pressure type sower uniform air flow method for organizing of the even low damage air-channel system of a kind of vapour-pressure type sower, comprising:
A. produce malleation air-flow during the work of eddy current type blower fan to discharge from air outlet, what enter air-flow distributor 1 enters in tracheae 13, then through reducer union 12, separates air-flow multichannel malleation of the same size air-flow by multiple escape pipe 15 equally distributed on distributor plectane 11;
B. after malleation air-flow flows out from the escape pipe 15 of air-flow distributor 1, enter in the seeding unit air inlet pipe 32 of vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 through air hose 2, in vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 cavity, be full of malleation air-flow, by differential pressure action, seed covered on the seed plate of vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3; Then, malleation air-flow is discharged when seeding unit goes out kind of mouth 33 has fair speed, and the seed of the velocity of discharge also has higher initial velocity thereupon;
C. malleation air-flow goes out after kind of mouth 33 flows out to enter discharging tube 4 from seeding unit, often decline certain altitude, the leakage port 41 that malleation air-flow is evenly arranged from discharging tube 4 body is progressively discharged, and the stream pressure in discharging tube 4 from top to bottom progressively reduces, and the seed speed fallen with air-flow also progressively reduces;
D. malleation air-flow goes out when kind of mouth 42 is discharged still to have certain speed from discharging tube, washes out in operation process, to be attached to discharging tube to go out soil around kind of mouth 42; The seed of discharging with air-flow moves backward, when the speed that seed moves backward more close to work machine advance speed time, speed when seed buries relatively in the horizontal direction of face is less, when the speed that seed moves backward equals the speed that work machine advances, when seed buries relatively in the horizontal direction of face without absolute velocity.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Air-flow distributor of the present invention, owing to entering tracheae and escape pipe axis is parallel to each other, so windage loss is few, is compared into the tracheae distributor vertical with escape pipe, is effectively reduced the power demand of blower fan.Escape pipe is evenly distributed on air-flow distributor and distributes on plectane, and thus the parameters uniformity of each gas outlet air-flow is higher.Adopt flexible air hose, the seeding unit installation site of diverse location can be adapted to, effectively ensure air-tightness requirement.The uniform bleeder port of discharging tube body, the speed that high pressure draught carries out seed can be effectively reduced, the speed making seed fall into earth's surface significantly reduces, discharging tube bottom cross section orthogonal is in ground, simultaneously because discharging tube outlet in seeding process has the airflow function of certain air pressure, in seeding process, soil clogging seed export can be prevented.
The even low damage air-channel system of vapour-pressure type sower of the present invention has the advantages that distribution of air flow is even, windage loss is few compared with existing straight tube air-channel system, right-angle relationship is there is and the length of straight pipe being connected gas outlet and air intake causes windage loss larger comparatively greatly due to outlet in existing straight tube air-channel system with entrance, and the air-flow that each branch air path distributes is uneven, thus cause seeding difference.The loss entering seeding unit through straight tube shunting through measuring existing straight tube air-channel system air-flow is about 1.5kpa, and windage loss of the present invention is only 0.3kpa.
Without malleation air-flow in common grain conductor, seed falls by deadweight, and during the seeding of vapour-pressure type seeding unit, is full of malleation air-flow in discharging tube, the airtight air pressure of discharging tube caliber can be very large, make in seeds fall process, seed speed progressively increases, and thus discharging tube needs to take certain pressure-relief measure, otherwise during seeds fall earth's surface, there is high horizontal initial rate backward on relative earth's surface, and seed lands and earth's surface produces impact greatly and bounces in kind of ditch, is unfavorable for ensureing uniform seed spacing.The present invention takes the mode of decompressing by pinhole, air pressure in discharging tube is reduced to suitable scope, the seed velocity of discharge is reduced to suitable size, seed has when discharging discharging tube and necessarily relatively to move reciprocal horizontal initial rate towards sower, sower move ahead reach a certain speed time, seed is zero relative to the horizontal absolute velocity on ground, realizes the zero speed of seed dropping on earth's surface, is conducive to ensureing the uniformity of seed in field range distribution.
The even low damage air-channel system of vapour-pressure type sower of the present invention is applicable to the vapour-pressure type sower of high-speed job, is applicable to sower previous operation speed 10-16km/h, while high-speed job, can keep again the uniformity sowed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the even low damage air-channel system individual unit structural representation of vapour-pressure type sower of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the even low damage air-channel system overall structure schematic diagram of vapour-pressure type sower of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of air-flow distributor of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the front view of air-flow distributor of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the right view of air-flow distributor of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the left view of air-flow distributor of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the installation partial schematic diagram of discharging tube of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of discharging tube of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of discharging tube hold-down nut of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of discharging tube installing card of the present invention.
Reference numeral is wherein:
1 air-flow distributor 10 vortex fan
11 distribute plectane 12 reducer union
13 enter tracheae 14 distributor installing plate
15 escape pipe 16 inner concave curve sections
17 convex outer curve section 18 distributor installing holes
19 big hole 2 air hoses
21 clip 3 vapour-pressure type seeding units
31 seed entrance 32 seeding unit air inlet pipe
33 seeding units go out kind of mouth 4 discharging tube
41 leakage port 42 discharging tubes go out kind of a mouth
43 discharging tube curved section 44 discharging tube boss
Step fixed by 5 discharging tube hold-down nuts 51
6 discharging tube installing card 61 contiguous blocks
Fixed bend card outside fixed bend card 63 inside 62
64 attaching nut 7 seeding monomer plates
8 parallel four-bar linkage 9 frames
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the even low damage air-channel system of vapour-pressure type sower of the present invention, this system comprises vortex fan 10, air-flow distributor 1, air hose 2, vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 and discharging tube 4.Wherein, vortex fan 10 is fixed in frame 9.
As shown in Figure 2, the seeding monomer that vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 and discharging tube 4 form is fixed in frame 9 by seeding monomer plate 7 and parallel four-bar linkage 8.Many groups seeding monomer is evenly equally spaced to both sides centered by vortex fan 10 central axis.Preferably, seeding amount of monomer is four groups.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, air-flow distributor 1 comprise distributor plectane 11, reducer union 12, enter tracheae 13, distributor installing plate 14 and escape pipe 15; Wherein, the disc of distributor plectane 11 is circumferentially evenly distributed with multiple circular hole, as shown in Figure 5; Each circular hole is connected with an escape pipe 15 all with one heart.Preferably, in two vertical axis of symmetry of distributor plectane 11 disc, be circumferentially evenly distributed with four circular holes.
Reducer union 12 has first end and the second end, and the external diameter of described first end is identical with the external diameter of distributor plectane 11, and concentric affixed with distributor plectane 11.Preferably, the internal diameter of the first end of reducer union 12 is 2 times of the second end internal diameter.
As shown in Figure 4, the axis along reducer union 12 is cut open, and reducer union 12 cross section comprises inner concave curve section 16 and convex outer curve section 17, and inner concave curve section 16 is near the second end of reducer union 12.Inner concave curve section 16 can realize the increase gradually of caliber, convex outer curve section 17 realizes the trend tended towards stability after caliber increases, this reducing mode can realize pipe with small pipe diameter parallel airflow and change to the smoothness of Large Diameter Pipeline parallel airflow, the formation of the air flow swirl of the sudden change place tube wall avoiding air-flow to produce because of caliber sudden change, reduces the energy loss because eddy current produces.
As shown in Figure 6, distributor installing plate 14 is in fusiformis, and its center is provided with a big hole 19, and the internal diameter of this big hole 19 is consistent with the air outlet circular hole internal diameter of vortex fan 10.A distributor installing hole 18 is respectively arranged with in the both sides same distance of big hole 19 on the axis direction that distributor installing plate 14 is the longest, the aperture of distributor installing hole 18 is identical with the aperture of vortex fan 10 air outlet installing hole, distributor installing plate 14 by bolt and vortex fan 10 affixed.Preferably, during installation, between air-flow distributor 1 and the air outlet of vortex fan 10, arrange a shape profile and the identical rubber blanket of distributor installing plate 14, object is the air loss that preventing leaks out causes.
The one end entering tracheae 13 is concentric affixed with the second end of reducer union 12, and the other end is concentric affixed with distributor installing plate 14; The internal diameter entering the internal diameter of tracheae 13, the internal diameter of reducer union 12 second end and the big hole 19 of distributor installing plate 14 is identical.
Air hose 2 is a flexible hose, can free bend, is the passage be delivered to by air-flow distributor 1 by air-flow in the gas chamber of vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3; Clip 21 is for being separately fixed at the escape pipe 15 of air-flow distributor 1 and the seeding unit air inlet pipe 32 of vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 by air hose 2 two ends; The external diameter of seeding unit air inlet pipe 32, the external diameter of escape pipe 15 are identical with the internal diameter of air hose 2.
Vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 is that seed is covered the seeding unit on seed plate by a kind of malleation air-flow that relies on, and seeds chamber indoor are full of malleation air-flow, has higher initial velocity when seed discharges seeding unit; The seeding unit of vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 goes out kind of mouth 33 in a tubular form, and outer surface is processed with external screw thread, and screw thread specification is identical with seeding unit hold-down nut 5 screw thread specification; Vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 air pressure chamber housing is provided with seed entrance 31.Install above the seed entrance 31 of vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 and there is bubble-tight kind of case, plant between case outlet and seed entrance 31 and take seal approach to seal.
As shown in figures 7 and 9, described discharging tube hold-down nut 5 lower end is provided with a fixing step 51, is threaded connection discharging tube 4 is fixed on seeding unit goes out on kind of mouth 33.
As shown in Figure 8, described discharging tube 4 is that seed discharges the device entering seed process before kind of ditch after seeding unit, it is identical that its internal diameter and seeding unit go out kind of mouth 33, discharging tube 4 upper end is provided with a discharging tube boss 44, match with the fixing step 51 that discharging tube hold-down nut 5 is arranged, make discharging tube 4 go out kind of mouth 33 with vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 seeding unit and be connected; Discharging tube 4 profile is upper end is straightway, and lower end is discharging tube curved section 43 near the side on earth's surface, and on vertical direction, 6 times of caliber to be the part of straightway be curved section, the side that discharging tube curved section 43 protrudes is identical with the direction of machine travel.Discharging tube curved section 43 end arranges a discharging tube and goes out kind of mouth 42, and its end face is vertical with level ground, avoids soil to enter discharging tube 4 and result in blockage when object is that in seeding process, machine falls.The uniform multiple leakage port 41 of discharging tube 4 body, the gas pressure except when seed is discharged is let out in effect, reduces speed when seed buries.The aperture of leakage port 41 is 4-8mm, and preferred aperture is 6mm.Discharging tube 4 both sides are also provided with ditching-disk 71.
As shown in Figure 10, described discharging tube installing card 6 is the devices be fixed on by discharging tube 4 on seeding monomer plate 7, comprises contiguous block 61, inner side fixed bend card 62, outside fixed bend card 63 and attaching nut 64.Wherein, contiguous block 61 one end and position, seeding monomer plate 7 middle and lower part affixed, the protrusion curvilinear sides central authorities of the other end and inner side fixed bend card 62 are affixed, inner side fixed bend card 62 is all consistent with outside fixed bend card 63 shape size, middle in semicircular arc, circular arc internal diameter is identical with discharging tube 4 external diameter, the orthogonal tabular in its two ends, the centre position of rectangular plate-like is provided with circular hole, and outside fixed bend card 63 is fixed on inner side fixed bend card 62 through described circular hole by attaching nut 64.
Described seeding monomer plate 7 is installing plates of vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 and discharging tube 4, and be provided with installing hole so that install vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3, seeding monomer plate 7 is connected with frame 9 by parallel four-bar linkage 8.
The present invention also provides a kind of vapour-pressure type sower uniform air flow method for organizing, and the method comprises:
A. produce malleation air-flow during the work of eddy current type blower fan to discharge from air outlet, what enter air-flow distributor 1 enters in tracheae 13, then through reducer union 12, separates air-flow multichannel malleation of the same size air-flow by multiple escape pipe 15 equally distributed on distributor plectane 11;
B. after malleation air-flow flows out from the escape pipe 15 of air-flow distributor 1, enter in the seeding unit air inlet pipe 32 of vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 through air hose 2, in vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3 cavity, be full of malleation air-flow, by differential pressure action, seed covered on the seed plate of vapour-pressure type seeding unit 3; Then, malleation air-flow is discharged when seeding unit goes out kind of mouth 33 has fair speed, and the seed of the velocity of discharge also has higher initial velocity thereupon;
C. malleation air-flow goes out after kind of mouth 33 flows out to enter discharging tube 4 from seeding unit, often decline certain altitude, the leakage port 41 that malleation air-flow is evenly arranged from discharging tube 4 body is progressively discharged, and the stream pressure in discharging tube 4 from top to bottom progressively reduces, and the seed speed fallen with air-flow also progressively reduces;
D. malleation air-flow goes out when kind of mouth 42 is discharged still to have certain speed from discharging tube, washes out in operation process, to be attached to discharging tube to go out soil around kind of mouth 42; The seed of discharging with air-flow moves backward, when the speed that seed moves backward more close to work machine advance speed time, speed when seed buries relatively in the horizontal direction of face is less, when the speed that seed moves backward equals the speed that work machine advances, when seed buries relatively in the horizontal direction of face without absolute velocity.
Preferably, in step a, separate air-flow four tunnel malleation air-flows of the same size by four escape pipes 15 equally distributed on distributor plectane 11.
Claims (10)
1. the even low damage air-channel system of vapour-pressure type sower, is characterized in that: this system comprises vortex fan (10), air-flow distributor (1), air hose (2), vapour-pressure type seeding unit (3) and discharging tube (4); Vortex fan (10) is fixed in frame (9); The seeding monomer that vapour-pressure type seeding unit (3) and discharging tube (4) form is fixed in frame (9) by seeding monomer plate (7) and parallel four-bar linkage (8);
Described air-flow distributor (1) comprises distributor plectane (11), reducer union (12), enters tracheae (13), distributor installing plate (14) and escape pipe (15); Wherein, the disc of distributor plectane (11) is circumferentially evenly distributed with multiple circular hole, each circular hole is connected with an escape pipe (15) all with one heart; Reducer union (12) has first end and the second end, and the external diameter of described first end is identical with the external diameter of distributor plectane (11), and concentric affixed with distributor plectane (11); The one end entering tracheae (13) is concentric affixed with the second end of reducer union (12), and the other end is concentric affixed with distributor installing plate (14); Enter the internal diameter of tracheae (13), reducer union (12) second end internal diameter identical;
Described vapour-pressure type seeding unit (3) comprises seed entrance (31), seeding unit air inlet pipe (32) and seeding unit and goes out kind of a mouth (33);
Described air hose (2) is a flexible hose, can free bend, it is connected with the escape pipe (15) of air-flow distributor (1) and the air inlet pipe (32) of vapour-pressure type seeding unit (3) respectively by clip (21);
Described discharging tube (4) body has been evenly arranged multiple leakage port (41), and it is affixed that its top and seeding unit go out kind of a mouth (33), and end is provided with discharging tube and goes out kind of a mouth (42).
2. the even low damage air-channel system of vapour-pressure type sower according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in two vertical axis of symmetry of described distributor plectane (11) disc, be circumferentially evenly distributed with four circular holes; Four groups of seeding monomers are evenly equally spaced to both sides centered by vortex fan (10) central axis.
3. the even low damage air-channel system of vapour-pressure type sower according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the internal diameter of reducer union (12) first end is 2 times of the second end internal diameter.
4. the even low damage air-channel system of vapour-pressure type sower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: reducer union (12) cross section comprises inner concave curve section (16) and convex outer curve section (17), inner concave curve section (16) is near the second end of reducer union (12).
5. the even low damage air-channel system of vapour-pressure type sower according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described distributor installing plate (14), between the air outlet being fixed in tracheae (13) and vortex fan (10); Distributor installing plate (14) is in fusiformis, and its center is provided with a big hole (19); The internal diameter of big hole (19) with enter the internal diameter of tracheae (13), vortex fan (10) air outlet circular hole internal diameter is identical; A distributor installing hole (18) is respectively arranged with in the both sides same distance of big hole (19) on the axis direction that distributor installing plate (14) is the longest, the aperture of distributor installing hole (18) is identical with the aperture of vortex fan (10) air outlet installing hole, and distributor installing plate (14) is affixed with vortex fan (10).
6. the even low damage air-channel system of vapour-pressure type sower according to claim 5, is characterized in that: be provided with shape profile and distributor installing plate (14) identical rubber blanket between described distributor installing plate (14) and the air outlet of vortex fan (10).
7. the even low damage air-channel system of vapour-pressure type sower according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described discharging tube (4) profile is upper end is straightway, lower end is discharging tube curved section (43) near the side on earth's surface, and the side that discharging tube curved section (43) protrudes is identical with the direction of machine travel; The end face that described discharging tube goes out kind of a mouth (42) is vertical with level ground.
8. the even low damage air-channel system of vapour-pressure type sower according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the straightway of described discharging tube (4) is 6 times of curved section (43).
9. the even low damage air-channel system of vapour-pressure type sower according to claim 1, is characterized in that: it is affixed that described discharging tube (4) goes out kind of a mouth (33) by discharging tube hold-down nut (5) and seeding unit; Described discharging tube (4) upper end is provided with a discharging tube boss (44), matches with the upper fixing step (51) arranged of discharging tube hold-down nut (5).
10. a vapour-pressure type sower uniform air flow method for organizing for the even low damage air-channel system of the vapour-pressure type sower according to above-mentioned arbitrary claim, is characterized in that: described method comprises:
A. produce malleation air-flow during the work of eddy current type blower fan to discharge from air outlet, what enter air-flow distributor (1) enters in tracheae (13), then through reducer union (12), air-flow multichannel malleation of the same size air-flow is separated by the upper equally distributed multiple escape pipe (15) of distributor plectane (11);
B. after malleation air-flow flows out from the escape pipe (15) of air-flow distributor (1), enter in the seeding unit air inlet pipe (32) of vapour-pressure type seeding unit (3) through air hose (2), malleation air-flow is full of in vapour-pressure type seeding unit (3) cavity, by differential pressure action, seed is covered on the seed plate of vapour-pressure type seeding unit (3); Then, malleation air-flow is discharged when seeding unit goes out kind of a mouth (33) has fair speed, and the seed of the velocity of discharge also has higher initial velocity thereupon;
C. malleation air-flow goes out after kind of a mouth (33) flows out to enter discharging tube (4) from seeding unit, often decline certain altitude, the leakage port (41) that malleation air-flow is evenly arranged from discharging tube (4) body is progressively discharged, stream pressure in discharging tube (4) from top to bottom progressively reduces, and the seed speed fallen with air-flow also progressively reduces;
D. malleation air-flow goes out when kind of a mouth (42) is discharged still to have certain speed from discharging tube, washes out in operation process, to be attached to discharging tube to go out soil around kind of a mouth (42); The seed of discharging with air-flow moves backward, when the speed that seed moves backward more close to work machine advance speed time, speed when seed buries relatively in the horizontal direction of face is less, when the speed that seed moves backward equals the speed that work machine advances, when seed buries relatively in the horizontal direction of face without absolute velocity.
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