CN103931312B - Pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter - Google Patents
Pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103931312B CN103931312B CN201410172433.5A CN201410172433A CN103931312B CN 103931312 B CN103931312 B CN 103931312B CN 201410172433 A CN201410172433 A CN 201410172433A CN 103931312 B CN103931312 B CN 103931312B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter, comprise seed separate system, seed Precision Seeding system, baric systerm and reponse system four part.Compared with prior art, seed is passed through twice shunting by the present invention, adopt baric systerm to blow to seed separate system therebetween to pressurize, seed Precision Seeding system adopts aspiration principle, Precision Seeding speed can be improved, good stability, leak kind and replay rate low, and the present invention can carry out expansion combination, thus adjustment sower size is adapted to the plot sowing of different scales, reponse system can be detected by sensor and analyze air pressure size in Precision Seeding system, thus automatically adjusts air pressure size everywhere, ensures efficiency and the stability of precise sowing.The present invention is to various crop seeds, and not only Precision Seeding effect is better, can reach simple grain list bunch planting kind, and sowing efficiency is high, and the size of size adjustable sower for different plot, and strong adaptability, is applicable to multiple arable land occasion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sower, especially relate to a kind of pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter, belong to agricultural planting sowing field.
Background technology
At present, the sower that China uses in a large number, two large classes can be divided into: (1) one is common bar kind machine, the sower of the types such as hill-drop planter, this kind of sower cannot carry out precise sowing to crop seeds, cause the waste of a large amount of expensive seed, and greatly unfavorable to later stage crop growth.(2) common precision planter, seed saved relatively by this kind of sower, but efficiency is lower, and uneven sowing is even, can not carry out for the field of different scales size.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is exactly not good in order to overcome existing sower precision drilling, seed waste more, efficiency is low, and scale non-adjustable wait deficiency, and provide a kind of pneumatic type easily extensible to combine precision planter, this precision planter not only Precision Seeding effect is better, can reach simple grain list bunch planting kind, and sowing efficiency is high, Precision Seeding stable performance, and the size of plot adjustable sower for different size, strong adaptability, is applicable to multiple arable land occasion.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter, comprises seed separate system, seed Precision Seeding system and baric systerm,
Described seed separate system comprises kind of a case, first order seed current divider, one-level grain conductor, secondary seed current divider and secondary grain conductor, described first order seed current divider is arranged on the outlet of kind of case, kind of the mouth that goes out of first order seed current divider connects at least one one-level grain conductor simultaneously, the outlet of one-level grain conductor is connected respectively to the seed inlet of secondary seed current divider, kind of the mouth that goes out of secondary seed current divider connects at least one secondary grain conductor simultaneously, and seed separate system carries out two level shunts to the seed in kind of case;
Described seed Precision Seeding system comprises Precision Seeding separator and soil plough, and the seed inlet of described Precision Seeding separator is connected with secondary grain conductor, accepts the seed by flowing out after two level shunts from kind of case, goes out kind of mouth and is connected with soil plough;
Described baric systerm comprises blower fan, air flow valve, one-level gas blow pipe, secondary gas blow pipe and air intake duct, described fan outlet is by connecting one end of one-level gas blow pipe, secondary gas blow pipe and air intake duct respectively after air flow valve, the one-level gas blow pipe other end is connected with first order seed current divider, the secondary gas blow pipe other end is connected with each secondary seed current divider, point Flow Velocity of seed separate system is accelerated by air-blowing mode, the air intake duct other end is connected with each Precision Seeding separator, make to produce negative pressure in Precision Seeding separator by air-breathing, make seed monoseeding.
Precision planter also comprises reponse system, described reponse system comprises air pressure probe, backfeed loop and controller, described air pressure probe is located at Precision Seeding separator interior, and by backfeed loop connection control device, Precision Seeding separator interior pressure state is fed back to controller, described controller is connected with blower fan and air flow valve respectively, controls baric systerm air pressure size everywhere and throughput.
Described first order seed current divider is identical with the structure of secondary seed current divider, air-blowing and gravity mode is adopted to realize the shunting of seed, concrete structure is: comprise inside and outside sheathed inner chamber and exocoel, the entrance of inner chamber is seed inlet, the bottom of inner chamber offers the interior grain conductor that 1 ~ 8 extends to exocoel outside, each interior grain conductor opens or closes separately, and to expand the scale of combination precision planter, one-level gas blow pipe or secondary gas blow pipe are connected with inner chamber.
Described Precision Seeding separator comprises left box body, right case, rotation seeds sucker, power transmission shaft, fragmenting plate and seed retaining plate;
Described left box body and right case enclose formation whole box body, and the below of right case offers planting hole, and this planting hole is positioned at directly over soil plough;
Described rotation seeds sucker is located between left box body and right case, described left box body forms negative pressure cavity with rotation seeds sucker, and described right case forms planting chamber with rotation seeds sucker, and negative pressure cavity is communicated with air intake duct, form negative pressure, planting chamber is communicated with secondary grain conductor;
Described power transmission shaft one end is connected with dynamic power machine, and the other end is connected with rotation seeds sucker through after left box body, and driven rotary seeds sucker rotates;
Described rotation seeds sucker offers and is arranged in circle-shaped suction hole;
Described fragmenting plate is located at the below of left box body, and with rotation seeds sucker plane contact, when rotating seeds sucker and rotating, fragmenting plate with rotate the mutual airtight slip of seeds sucker,
Described seed retaining plate is located at the below of right case, stops that in planting chamber, unnecessary seed drops in planting hole;
Negative pressure in negative pressure cavity makes the seed in planting chamber be adsorbed onto one by one on the suction hole that rotates on seeds sucker, and when seed runs to fragmenting plate place with suction hole, seed is no longer subject to suction, is dropped in soil plough from planting hole by gravity.
Described suction hole size is less than the particle size of seed, and meets an absorption seed on each suction hole.
The shape of described fragmenting plate meets it and at least can cover a suction hole.
Sealing ring is provided with between described power transmission shaft and left box body.
Described air pressure probe is inserted in negative pressure cavity.
Described secondary gas blow pipe connects the air blowing isocon identical with secondary seed current divider number by tube connector simultaneously, and each air blowing isocon is connected separately with each secondary seed current divider respectively;
Described air intake duct connects the air-breathing isocon identical with Precision Seeding separator number by tube connector simultaneously, and each air-breathing isocon is connected separately with each Precision Seeding separator respectively.
Described controller is connected with supervisory control desk by bus, by supervisory control desk steering controller.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is by seed by twice shunting, and adopt baric systerm to blow to seed separate system therebetween and pressurize, seed Precision Seeding system adopts aspiration principle, Precision Seeding speed can be improved, the seed of proportion of crop planting is evenly distributed, joint kind of high yield, good stability, leak kind and replay rate low.And the present invention can carry out expansion combination, thus adjustment sower size is adapted to the plot sowing of different scales.In the present invention, reponse system can be detected by sensor and analyze air pressure size in Precision Seeding system, thus automatically adjusts air pressure size everywhere, ensures efficiency and the stability of precise sowing.The present invention is to various crop seeds, and not only Precision Seeding effect is better, can reach simple grain list bunch planting kind, and sowing efficiency is high, and the size of size adjustable sower for different plot, and strong adaptability, is applicable to multiple arable land occasion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter overall structure schematic diagram in embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter overall structure schematic diagram in embodiment 2;
Fig. 3 is the pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter overall structure schematic diagram in embodiment 3;
Fig. 4 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of Precision Seeding separator;
Fig. 5 is the A-A face sectional structure schematic diagram of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the B-B face sectional structure schematic diagram of Fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is the front view of first order seed current divider or secondary seed current divider;
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of first order seed current divider or secondary seed current divider.
Label in Fig. 1-8: 1. supervisory control desk, 2. bus, 3. controller, 4. air-blower control line, 5. blower fan, 6. air flow valve, 7. one-level gas blow pipe, 8. secondary gas blow pipe, 9. air intake duct, 10. air blowing isocon, 11. tube connectors, 12. kinds of casees, 13. first order seed current dividers, 14. one-level grain conductors, 15. secondary seed current dividers, 16. air-breathing isocons, 17. secondary grain conductors, 18. soil ploughs, 19. Precision Seeding separators, 20. air pressure sense lines, 21. air pressure probes, 22. backfeed loops, 23. left box bodies, 24. power transmission shafts, 25. sealing rings, 26. rotate seeds sucker, 27. fragmenting plates, 28. suction holes, 29. seed retaining plates, 30. right cases, 31. nuts, 32. pads, 33. planting holes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment
A kind of pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter, as shown in Figure 1, comprises seed separate system, seed Precision Seeding system, baric systerm and reponse system.
Seed separate system comprises kind of case 12, first order seed current divider 13, one-level grain conductor 14, secondary seed current divider 15 and secondary grain conductor 17, first order seed current divider 13 is arranged on the outlet of kind of case 12, kind of the mouth that goes out of first order seed current divider 13 connects at least one one-level grain conductor 14 simultaneously, the outlet of one-level grain conductor 14 is connected respectively to the seed inlet of secondary seed current divider 15, kind of the mouth that goes out of secondary seed current divider 15 connects at least one secondary grain conductor 17 simultaneously, and seed separate system carries out two level shunts to the seed in kind of case 12;
Seed Precision Seeding system comprises Precision Seeding separator 19 and soil plough 18, and the seed inlet of Precision Seeding separator 19 is connected with secondary grain conductor 17, accepts the seed by flowing out after two level shunts from kind of case 12, goes out kind of mouth and is connected with soil plough 18;
Baric systerm comprises blower fan 5, air flow valve 6, one-level gas blow pipe 7, secondary gas blow pipe 8 and air intake duct 9, blower fan 5 air outlet is by connecting one end of one-level gas blow pipe 7, secondary gas blow pipe 8 and air intake duct 9 respectively after air flow valve 6, one-level gas blow pipe 7 other end is connected with first order seed current divider 13, secondary gas blow pipe 8 connects the air blowing isocon 10 identical with secondary seed current divider 15 number by tube connector 11 simultaneously, and each air blowing isocon 10 is connected separately with each secondary seed current divider 15 respectively; Point Flow Velocity of seed separate system is accelerated by air-blowing mode, air intake duct 9 connects the air-breathing isocon 16 identical with Precision Seeding separator 19 number by tube connector 11 simultaneously, each air-breathing isocon 16 is connected separately with each Precision Seeding separator 19 respectively, make to produce negative pressure in Precision Seeding separator 19 by air-breathing, make seed monoseeding, being used for adjustment leads kind of efficiency and improve Precision Seeding stability; The seed of planting in case 12 drops in the first order seed current divider 13 of the taper bottom kind of case 12, point Flow Velocity of seed is accelerated again by one-level gas blow pipe 7, and then make seed enter in the secondary seed current divider 15 of taper by one-level grain conductor 14, repeat said process, seed is made to enter into Precision Seeding separator 19, complete seed shunting, wherein the shunting of firsts and seconds seed all adopts air-sweeping type, divides Flow Velocity to accelerate seed.
Reponse system comprises air pressure probe 21, backfeed loop 22 and controller 3, it is inner that air pressure probe 21 is located at Precision Seeding separator 19, and by air pressure sense line 20, backfeed loop 22 connection control device 3, the vacuum magnitude in Precision Seeding separator measured by air pressure probe 21, Signal transmissions in controller 3, controller 3 is by air-blower control line 4 connecting fan 5, and then control the throughput of blower fan 5 rotating speed size and air blowing, suction line, thus accurately control shunting efficiency and Precision Seeding stability.When operating, this precision planter is driven by engine, in kind of case 12, add required seed, and by baric systerm, seed enters in soil by seed separate system and seed Precision Seeding system, and accurately controls speed of drilling and stability by reponse system.
Controller 3 is connected with supervisory control desk 1 by bus 2, by supervisory control desk 1 steering controller 3.
As shown in Fig. 4 ~ Fig. 6, Precision Seeding separator 19 comprises left box body 23, right case 30, rotates seeds sucker 26, power transmission shaft 24, fragmenting plate 27 and seed retaining plate 29; Left box body 23 and right case 30 enclose formation whole box body, and the below of right case 30 offers planting hole 33, and this planting hole 33 is positioned at directly over soil plough 18; Rotating seeds sucker 26 is located between left box body 23 and right case 30, left box body 23 forms negative pressure cavity with rotation seeds sucker 26, and right case 30 forms planting chamber with rotation seeds sucker 26, and negative pressure cavity is communicated with air intake duct 9, form negative pressure, planting chamber is communicated with secondary grain conductor 17; Power transmission shaft 24 one end is connected with dynamic power machine, the other end through after left box body 23 with rotate seeds sucker 26 and be threaded, and pass through pad 32 and nut 31 fastening, driven rotary seeds sucker 26 rotates; Rotation seeds sucker 26 offers and is arranged in circle-shaped suction hole 28; Fragmenting plate 27 is located at the below of left box body 23, and with rotation seeds sucker 26 plane contact, when rotating seeds sucker 26 and rotating, fragmenting plate 27 and the mutual airtight slip of rotation seeds sucker 26, seed retaining plate 29 is located at the below of right case 30, stop that in planting chamber, unnecessary seed drops in planting hole 33, and Precision Seeding performance is had an impact; Suction hole 28 size is less than the particle size of seed, and meets an absorption seed on each suction hole 28.The shape of fragmenting plate 27 meets it and at least can cover a suction hole 28, such as: fragmenting plate 27 and the contact surface shape rotating seeds sucker 26 can be rectangle, square, trapezoidal, oval, fan-shaped etc., best scheme is fan-shaped, preferably can cover a suction hole, relatively low to the flatness requirement of seeds sucker like this.Sealing ring 25 is provided with, with anti-gas-leak between power transmission shaft 24 and left box body 23.Air pressure probe 21 is inserted in negative pressure cavity.Negative pressure in negative pressure cavity makes the seed in planting chamber be adsorbed onto on the suction hole 28 that rotates on seeds sucker 26 one by one, when seed runs to fragmenting plate 27 place with suction hole 28, seed is no longer subject to suction, drop in soil plough 18 by gravity from planting hole 33, and be admitted in soil, and then complete Precision Seeding process.
As Fig. 7, shown in Fig. 8, first order seed current divider 13 is identical with the structure of secondary seed current divider 15, air-blowing and gravity mode is adopted to realize the shunting of seed, concrete structure is: comprise inside and outside sheathed inner chamber and exocoel, the entrance of inner chamber is seed inlet, the bottom of inner chamber offers the interior grain conductor that 1 ~ 8 extends to exocoel outside, each interior grain conductor opens or closes separately, in case seed is trickled down, wherein the work tap hole of seed current divider is opened, and inoperative tap hole is closed, to expand the scale of combination precision planter, one-level gas blow pipe 7 or secondary gas blow pipe 8 are connected with inner chamber.8 one-level grain conductors 14 can be connected at most by seed separate system and expand combination eight single group, and then the size of adjustment precision seeder, the plot for different scales size adjusts.
This precision planter is driven by driving power tractor, operating personnel control baric systerm by supervisory control desk 1, thus regulate secondary seed separate system and seed Precision Seeding system, wherein seed separate system and seed Precision Seeding system can expand combination, thus adapt to different scales large Small burden Precision Seeding crops, then through the automatic regulation function of reponse system, under the guarantee uniformity of Precision Seeding and the prerequisite of stability, greatly improve the efficiency of Precision Seeding, complete precision drilling.
With reference to figure 1, in the present embodiment, pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter is three groups of expansion structures, namely kind of the mouth that goes out of first order seed current divider 13 connects 3 one-level grain conductors 14 simultaneously, the outlet of one-level grain conductor 14 is connected respectively to the seed inlet of 3 secondary seed current dividers 15, and kind of the mouth that goes out of secondary seed current divider 15 connects 5 secondary grain conductors 17 simultaneously.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2, difference from Example 1 is, pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter is for singly to organize expansion structure, namely kind of the mouth that goes out of first order seed current divider 13 connects 1 one-level grain conductor 14, the outlet of one-level grain conductor 14 is connected to the seed inlet of 1 secondary seed current divider 15, and kind of the mouth that goes out of secondary seed current divider 15 connects 5 secondary grain conductors 17 simultaneously.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 3, difference from Example 1 is, pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter is five groups of expansion structures, namely kind of the mouth that goes out of first order seed current divider 13 connects 5 one-level grain conductors 14, the outlet of one-level grain conductor 14 is connected to the seed inlet of 5 secondary seed current dividers 15 simultaneously, and kind of the mouth that goes out of secondary seed current divider 15 connects 5 secondary grain conductors 17 simultaneously.
Above-mentioned is can understand and use invention for ease of those skilled in the art to the description of embodiment.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various amendment to these embodiments, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiments and need not through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art, according to announcement of the present invention, do not depart from improvement that scope makes and amendment all should within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter, is characterized in that, comprise seed separate system, seed Precision Seeding system, baric systerm and reponse system,
Described seed separate system comprises kind of a case (12), first order seed current divider (13), one-level grain conductor (14), secondary seed current divider (15) and secondary grain conductor (17), described first order seed current divider (13) is arranged on the outlet of kind of a case (12), kind of the mouth that goes out of first order seed current divider (13) connects at least one one-level grain conductor (14) simultaneously, the outlet of one-level grain conductor (14) is connected respectively to the seed inlet of secondary seed current divider (15), kind of the mouth that goes out of secondary seed current divider (15) connects at least one secondary grain conductor (17) simultaneously, seed separate system carries out two level shunts to the seed in kind of a case (12),
Described seed Precision Seeding system comprises Precision Seeding separator (19) and soil plough (18), the seed inlet of described Precision Seeding separator (19) is connected with secondary grain conductor (17), accepting the seed by flowing out after two level shunts from kind of a case (12), going out kind of mouth and being connected with soil plough (18);
Described baric systerm comprises blower fan (5), air flow valve (6), one-level gas blow pipe (7), secondary gas blow pipe (8) and air intake duct (9), described blower fan (5) air outlet connects one-level gas blow pipe (7) respectively by after air flow valve (6), one end of secondary gas blow pipe (8) and air intake duct (9), one-level gas blow pipe (7) other end is connected with first order seed current divider (13), secondary gas blow pipe (8) other end is connected with each secondary seed current divider (15), point Flow Velocity of seed separate system is accelerated by air-blowing mode, air intake duct (9) other end is connected with each Precision Seeding separator (19), make to produce negative pressure in Precision Seeding separator (19) by air-breathing, make seed monoseeding,
Described reponse system comprises air pressure probe (21), backfeed loop (22) and controller (3), it is inner that described air pressure probe (21) is located at Precision Seeding separator (19), and by backfeed loop (22) connection control device (3), Precision Seeding separator (19) internal pressure conditions is fed back to controller (3), described controller (3) is connected with blower fan (5) and air flow valve (6) respectively, control baric systerm air pressure size everywhere and throughput, described controller (3) is connected with supervisory control desk (1) by bus (2), by supervisory control desk (1) steering controller (3),
Described first order seed current divider (13) is identical with the structure of secondary seed current divider (15), air-blowing and gravity mode is adopted to realize the shunting of seed, comprise inside and outside sheathed inner chamber and exocoel, the entrance of inner chamber is seed inlet, the bottom of inner chamber offers the interior grain conductor that 1 ~ 8 extends to exocoel outside, each interior grain conductor opens or closes separately, to expand the scale of combination precision planter, one-level gas blow pipe (7) or secondary gas blow pipe (8) are connected with inner chamber.
2. a kind of pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Precision Seeding separator (19) comprises left box body (23), right case (30), rotates seeds sucker (26), power transmission shaft (24), fragmenting plate (27) and seed retaining plate (29);
Described left box body (23) and right case (30) enclose formation whole box body, the below of right case (30) offers planting hole (33), and this planting hole (33) is positioned at directly over soil plough (18);
Described rotation seeds sucker (26) is located between left box body (23) and right case (30), described left box body (23) forms negative pressure cavity with rotation seeds sucker (26), described right case (30) forms planting chamber with rotation seeds sucker (26), negative pressure cavity is communicated with air intake duct (9), form negative pressure, planting chamber is communicated with secondary grain conductor (17);
Described power transmission shaft (24) one end is connected with dynamic power machine, and the other end is connected with rotation seeds sucker (26) afterwards through left box body (23), and driven rotary seeds sucker (26) rotates;
Described rotation seeds sucker (26) offers and is arranged in circle-shaped suction hole (28);
Described fragmenting plate (27) is located at the below of left box body (23), and with rotation seeds sucker (26) plane contact, when rotating seeds sucker (26) and rotating, fragmenting plate (27) and rotation seeds sucker (26) mutual airtight slip
Described seed retaining plate (29) is located at the below of right case (30), stops that in planting chamber, unnecessary seed drops in planting hole (33);
Negative pressure in negative pressure cavity makes the seed in planting chamber be adsorbed onto on the suction hole (28) that rotates on seeds sucker (26) one by one, when seed runs to fragmenting plate (27) place with suction hole (28), seed is no longer subject to suction, is dropped in soil plough (18) from planting hole (33) by gravity.
3. a kind of pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described suction hole (28) size is less than the particle size of seed, and meets each suction hole (28) upper only absorption seed.
4. a kind of pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the shape of described fragmenting plate (27) meets it and at least can cover a suction hole (28).
5. a kind of pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter according to claim 2, is characterized in that, be provided with sealing ring (25) between described power transmission shaft (24) and left box body (23).
6. a kind of pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described air pressure probe (21) is inserted in negative pressure cavity.
7. a kind of pneumatic type easily extensible combination precision planter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described secondary gas blow pipe (8) connects the air blowing isocon (10) identical with secondary seed current divider (15) number by tube connector (11) simultaneously, and each air blowing isocon (10) is connected separately with each secondary seed current divider (15) respectively;
Described air intake duct (9) connects the air-breathing isocon (16) identical with Precision Seeding separator (19) number by tube connector (11) simultaneously, and each air-breathing isocon (16) is connected separately with each Precision Seeding separator (19) respectively.
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| CN105478376B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-08-25 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of seed separator and a kind of seed vitality nondestructive detection system |
| CN106258099A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-04 | 湖北永祥农机装备有限公司 | The multi-functional planting machine of Pneumatic type |
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| CN111655023B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2022-09-20 | 马斯奇奥盖斯帕多股份有限公司 | Precise pneumatic seeder and adjusting method thereof |
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